CN104791079A - 具有预充量空气冷却器的涡轮增压内燃发动机 - Google Patents

具有预充量空气冷却器的涡轮增压内燃发动机 Download PDF

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CN104791079A
CN104791079A CN201510051376.XA CN201510051376A CN104791079A CN 104791079 A CN104791079 A CN 104791079A CN 201510051376 A CN201510051376 A CN 201510051376A CN 104791079 A CN104791079 A CN 104791079A
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air
cooler
cylinder
intake manifold
explosive motor
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B·C·皮尤
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/045—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
    • F02B29/0462—Liquid cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/04—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/042—Combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/04—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/10—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot liquids, e.g. lubricants or cooling water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
    • F02M35/1255—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification using resonance
    • F02M35/1266—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification using resonance comprising multiple chambers or compartments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0082—Charged air coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/0056—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside conduits; with centrally arranged openings on the plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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Abstract

提供了内燃发动机，其包括限定了多个气缸的发动机缸体。气缸盖连接到发动机缸体并且包括与所述多个气缸连通的多个进气口和多个排气口。进气歧管与所述多个进气口连通并且排气通道连接到所述多个排气口。涡轮增压器与排气通道连通并且具有由来自排气通道的排气气体驱动的叶轮。涡轮增压器包括用于供给压缩空气至节气门主体的压缩机。水-至-空气预充量空气冷却器布置在压缩机的出口与节气门主体之间的流道中。

Description

具有预充量空气冷却器的涡轮增压内燃发动机
技术领域
本公开涉及一种涡轮增压内燃发动机，并且尤其涉及一种具有充量空气冷却的涡轮增压内燃发动机。
背景技术
本部分提供了与本公开相关的背景信息，其不一定是现有技术。
涡轮增压内燃发动机使用螺栓连接到发动机的排气歧管上的涡轮增压器。来自气缸的排气使得涡轮机旋转，其像燃气轮机一样工作。涡轮机通过轴连接到压缩机，其位于空气过滤器和进气歧管之间。压缩机对进入气缸的空气加压。来自气缸的排气通过涡轮机叶片，使得涡轮机旋转。通过叶片的排气越多，它们旋转得越快。涡轮机连接到其上的轴的另一端，压缩机泵送空气至气缸。压缩机在其叶片的中心吸入空气并且当其旋转时将其向外抛出。来自涡轮增压器的压缩空气可能由压缩机加热并且热空气对节气门主体不利。
发明内容
本部分提供本公开的总体总结，并且不是其全部范围或全部其特征的详细公开。
提供了水-至-空气预充量空气冷却器用于在节气门主体之前冷却来自涡轮增压器的充量空气。尤其，提供了内燃发动机，其包括限定了多个气缸的发动机缸体。气缸盖连接到发动机缸体并且包括与所述多个气缸连通的多个进气口和多个排气口。进气歧管与所述多个进气口连通并且排气通道连接到所述多个排气口。涡轮增压器与排气通道连通并且具有由来自排气通道的排气气体驱动的叶轮。涡轮增压器包括用于供给压缩空气至节气门主体的压缩机。水-至-空气预充量空气冷却器布置在压缩机的出口与节气门主体之间的流道中。
从在此提供的描述中其它可应用的领域将会变得显而易见。在发明内容中的详细说明和具体示例仅仅是示例性的并且并不旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
在此描述的附图仅仅是所选择的实施例的示例性说明并且不是全部可能的实施方式，并且并不旨在限制本公开的范围。
图1是具有预充量空气冷却器和集成到进气歧管中的充量空气冷却器的内燃发动机组件的示意图；
图2是根据本公开的原理的水至空充量空气冷却器的示意图；以及
图3是根据本发明的原理的水至空预充量空气冷却器的示意图；
在附图的一些视图中相应的参考数字表示相应的部件。
具体实施方式
参照附图现在将更全面地描述示例性实施例。
提供了示例性实施例以使本公开彻底，并且将向本领域技术人员完全表达本发明的范围。公开了许多具体的细节，例如具体部件，装置以及方法的示例以提供对本发明的实施例的彻底理解。对本领域技术人员显而易见的是，不必采用具体的细节，示例性实施例可以以许多不同的形式实施并且也不应该被理解为限制本公开的范围。在一些示例性实施例中，公知的过程，公知的装置结构，以及公知的技术将不详细描述。
在此使用的术语仅仅是为了描述具体的示例性实施例并且并不旨在构成限制。如在此使用的，单个形式的“一”，“一个”和“该”也可能是打算包括复数形式，除非上下文清楚地另有指出。术语“包括”，“包含”、“含有”和“具有”是包容性的并且因此规定所述特征，整数，步骤，操作，元件，和/或部件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征，整数，步骤，操作，元件，部件和/或其组的存在或增加。在此描述的方法步骤，过程，以及操作不被理解为必须要求以所讨论或示出的特定顺序执行，除非被具体地标示为执行顺序。还应当理解，可以采用附加的或可替换的步骤。
当元件或层被称为“在.....之上”，“接合到”，“连接到”，或“联接到”另一元件或层时，其可以直接地在该元件或层之上，直接地接合，连接或联接到该元件或层，或者可能存在中间元件或层。相反地，当元件被称为“直接在另一元件或层之上”，“直接接合到”，“直接连接到”，或“直接联接到”另一元件或层时，可能就没有中间元件或层存在。用于描述元件之间的关系的其他的词语应当以类似的方式解释(例如“在……之间”与“直接在……之间”，“相邻”与“直接相邻”等)。在此使用的，术语“和/或”包括相关的所列项目中的一个或多个的任一和全部组合。
尽管术语第一、第二、第三、等等可以在此使用以描述不同的元件，部件，区域，层和/或部分，这些元件，部件，区域，层和/或部分将不会受到这些术语的限制。这些术语仅可以用来将一个元件，部件，区域，层或部分与另一区域，层或部分区别开来。当在此使用时术语诸如“第一，”“第二，”以及其它数字术语不暗示顺序或次序，除非通过上下文清楚地指出。因此，在不背离示例性实施例的教导下，以下讨论的第一元件，部件，区域，层或部分可以称作第二元件，部件，区域，层或部分。
在图1中示出了发动机组件10并且该组件包括发动机结构12。发动机结构12可以包括发动机缸体14和气缸盖16。发动机结构12可以限定第一、第二和第三气缸18、20、22。为简单起见描述包括第一、第二和第三气缸18、20、22并且应当理解本教导适于任意数目的活塞-气缸布置和各种往复式发动机构造，其包括但不限于V型发动机，直列式发动机，以及水平对置发动机，以及顶置凸轮和缸体内凸轮构造。如现有技术公知的，发动机结构支撑曲轴和布置在相应的气缸18、20、22中的多个活塞。
发动机结构12可以限定与第一气缸18相连的气缸盖16中的第一进气口24和第一排气口26，与第二气缸20相连的气缸盖16中的第二进气口28和第二排气口30以及与第三气缸22相连的气缸盖16中的第三进气口32和第三排气口34。
发动机组件10包括具有与每一进气口24、28、32连通的多个流道36的进气歧管40。排气歧管42与每一排气口26、30、34连通。涡轮增压器44包括接收来自排气歧管42的排气气体的涡轮机44A并且包括与压缩机44B连通的进气口46，所述压缩机与通向进气歧管40的充量空气通道48连通。来自排气歧管42的排气气体通过涡轮增压器44的涡轮机44A并且通过通道50排出。根据本公开的原理，进气歧管40包括集成的水-至-气充量空气冷却器52。尽管本公开描述了涡轮增压器44，但是本发明适于使用要求进气空气冷却的涡轮增压器或机械增压器的增压发动机。
如图2所示，水-至-空气充量空气冷却器52可以包括具有用于提供液体冷却剂至充量空气冷却器52的进口通道56和出口通道58的安装板54。安装板54可以包括用于将安装板54安装到进气歧管40的多个安装孔60。充量空气冷却器52包括多个散热片62和与冷却剂进口56和出口58连通的延伸通过散热片的冷却流体通道。来自涡轮增压器44的充量空气通过充量空气通道48进入进气歧管40并且在进入每一进气口24、28、32之前通过充量空气冷却器52。应当理解充量空气冷却器中的冷却剂通道可以包括相互连接至散热片62的多个蛇状通道。类似的冷却剂通道提供于散热器及其他公知的冷却装置中。
除集成的水-至-空气充量空气冷却器52之外，水-至-空气预充量空气冷却器70可以设置在节气门主体100的上游的充量空气通道48中。预充量空气冷却器70可以包括具有进口端74和出口端76的壳体72。预充量空气冷却器70可以包括每个都设有谐振器口80的多个谐振器腔78。充量空气冷却器单元84接收在壳体72内并且可以包括冷却剂进口86和冷却剂出口88。充量空气冷却器单元84包括多个散热片90和与冷却剂进口86和冷却剂出口88连通的延伸通过散热片的冷却流体通道。充量空气冷却器单元84可以以如上所述的类似于充量空气冷却器52的方式构造。谐振器腔78每个都可以设有滑封腔壁92，腔壁被根据内燃发动机10的工作特性设计以减少/消除由谐振进气空气流引起的振动。
充量空气冷却器52和预充量空气冷却器70的冷却剂进口56、86和冷却剂出口58、88可以连接至泵装置104，所述泵装置可以用作单个泵送装置或作为单独的泵送装置。
由于由预充量空气冷却器实现的降低的温度，根据本公开的原理的预充量空气冷却器提供了使用当前技术节气门主体和壳焊接成的复合空气进气歧管的选择。预充量空气冷却器可以被敷设在高温回路中从而还提供使用预充量空气冷却器作为冷启动空气进口加热器装置的能力。
为了示出和说明已经提供了上述对实施例的描述。其并不旨在是排他性的或限制本发明。具体实施例的各个元件或特征通常不限于该具体实施例，而是，在合适的时候，可互换并能在所选择的实施例中使用，即使未具体示出或描述。该元件或特征也可以许多方式被改变。这样的变化不被认为偏离了本发明，并且全部这样的修改并认为包含在本公开的范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种内燃发动机，包括：
限定多个气缸的发动机缸体；
连接到发动机缸体并且包括与所述多个气缸连通的多个进气口和多个排气口的气缸盖；
与所述多个进气口连通的进气歧管；
布置在进气歧管的上游的节气门主体；
连接到所述多个排气口的排气通道；
与排气通道连通并且具有由来自排气通道的排气气体驱动的叶轮的涡轮增压器，所述涡轮增压器包括用于供给压缩空气到节气门主体的压缩机；以及
布置在压缩机的出口与节气门主体之间的水-至-空气预充量空气冷却器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的内燃发动机，其中预充量空气冷却器与至少一个谐振器腔一体形成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的内燃发动机，其中进气歧管包括集成的水-至-空气充量空气冷却器。
4.一种内燃发动机，包括：
限定多个气缸的发动机缸体；
连接到发动机缸体并且包括与所述多个气缸连通的多个进气口和多个排气口的气缸盖；
与所述多个进气口连通的进气歧管；
布置在进气歧管的上游的节气门主体；
连接到所述多个排气口的排气通道；
进气空气增压系统，其包括用于供给压缩空气至节气门主体的压缩机；以及
布置在压缩机的出口与节气门主体之间的水-至-空气预充量空气冷却器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的内燃发动机，其中预充量空气冷却器与至少一个谐振器腔一体形成。
6.根据权利要求4所述的内燃发动机，其中进气歧管包括集成的水-至-空气充量空气冷却器。
7.根据权利要求4所述的内燃发动机，其中进气空气增压系统包括涡轮增压器。
8.根据权利要求4所述的内燃发动机，其中进气空气增压系统包括机械增压器。
CN201510051376.XA 2014-01-16 2015-01-16 具有预充量空气冷却器的涡轮增压内燃发动机 Pending CN104791079A (zh)

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