CN104788828A - 一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料 - Google Patents

一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料 Download PDF

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CN104788828A
CN104788828A CN201510152288.9A CN201510152288A CN104788828A CN 104788828 A CN104788828 A CN 104788828A CN 201510152288 A CN201510152288 A CN 201510152288A CN 104788828 A CN104788828 A CN 104788828A
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insulating material
retardant insulating
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颜欢
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Suzhou Huanyan Electrical Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/28—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances natural or synthetic rubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002—Physical properties
    • C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/22—Halogen free composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating

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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，包括乙丙橡胶、聚乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、膨润土、海泡石、凹凸棒土、氧化镁、氧化铝、强碱、云母、硅酸钙和助剂。该阻燃绝缘材料的组成没有使用含卤素的阻燃剂，不仅具有良好的阻燃特性，同时也提高了阻燃绝缘材料的使用安全性，扩宽该绝缘材料的在电气领域的应用。

Description

一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料
技术领域
本发明涉及绝缘材料，特别涉及电线电缆用的一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料。
背景技术
电线电缆用途广泛，不同使用场合对其性能要求差异很大。大部分电缆的绝缘材料，除必须有较高的绝缘电阻、耐电压强度或低的介电损耗外，还必须具体特定的性能以适应不同的使用环境和场合。当在石化、电力、冶金、高层建筑及人口密集等重要场所，电缆的阻燃、防火性能则尤为重要，当线路万一遇到火灾时，普通的电缆会快速燃烧，发烟量大，使火灾对人体及财产损失较大；而阻燃电缆在外部火焰的作用下只能有限燃烧，发烟量少，而当外部火焰消失时，电缆也能自行熄灭，使火灾对人体及财产损失减少到最低程度。
电线电缆通常使用的绝缘材料是交联聚乙烯和聚氯乙烯，但两者的阻燃能力较弱，易燃烧发烟。一般制备阻燃绝缘材料时，会加入阻燃剂来提高绝缘材料的阻燃特性，然而阻燃剂大多是含卤素，火灾时含卤的阻燃剂燃烧后产生有害气体，会使吸入者中毒，严重影响火灾逃生。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题是：电线电缆常用的交联聚乙烯和聚氯乙烯绝缘材料的阻燃能力弱，而含卤素阻燃剂的绝缘材料燃烧时又产生对人体有害的气体，严重威胁到人体健康及安全。为了提高电气用绝缘材料的阻燃特性，以及避免使用卤素阻燃剂带来的二次危害，本发明的目的是提供一种新的电气用阻燃绝缘材料。
技术方案：为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，包括乙丙橡胶、聚乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、膨润土、海泡石、凹凸棒土、氧化镁、氧化铝、强碱、云母、硅酸钙和助剂。
优选的，所述的一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，包括乙丙橡胶40～56份、聚乙烯25～38份、膨润土6～20份、海泡石8～14份、凹凸棒土2～10份、氧化镁10～15份、氧化铝8～20份、强碱1～3份、云母13～25份、硅酸钙12～22份和助剂1～5份。
优选的，所述的一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，包括乙丙橡胶48份、聚乙烯30份、膨润土15份、海泡石12份、凹凸棒土7份、氧化镁15份、氧化铝12份、强碱1份、云母16份、硅酸钙18份和助剂3份。
优选的，所述云母的规格是80～400目。
优选的，所述助剂包括稳定剂、增塑剂、防紫外剂和抗击改性剂。
优选的，所述膨润土、海泡石和凹凸棒土均球磨后通过100～400目筛选。
本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明提供了一种电气用绝缘材料，由于该阻燃绝缘材料的组成没有使用含卤素的阻燃剂，而使用无机阻燃剂，如金属氢氧化物和硅系阻燃剂，如此不仅具有良好的阻燃特性，同时也提高了阻燃绝缘材料的使用安全性，扩宽该绝缘材料的在电气领域的应用。
具体实施方式
为了进一步理解本发明，下面结合实施例对发明优选实施方案进行描述，但是应当理解，这些描述只是为进一步说明本发明的特征和优点，而不是对本发明权利要求的限制。
实施例1
一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，包括乙丙橡胶40份、聚乙烯38份、膨润土6份、海泡石8份、凹凸棒土2份、氧化镁10份、氧化铝8份、强碱1份、云母13份、硅酸钙12份和助剂1份。其中，云母的规格是80目。助剂包括稳定剂、增塑剂、防紫外剂和抗击改性剂。膨润土、海泡石和凹凸棒土均球磨后通过100目筛选。
实施例2
一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，包括乙丙橡胶56份、聚乙烯25份、膨润土20份、海泡石14份、凹凸棒土10份、氧化镁15份、氧化铝20份、强碱3份、云母25份、硅酸钙22份和助剂5份。其中，云母的规格是400目颗粒。助剂包括稳定剂、增塑剂、防紫外剂和抗击改性剂。膨润土、海泡石和凹凸棒土均球磨后通过400目筛选。
实施例3
一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，包括乙丙橡胶42份、聚乙烯30份、膨润土15份、海泡石20份、凹凸棒土6份、氧化镁12份、氧化铝17份、强碱2份、云母片15份、硅酸钙16份和助剂2份。其中，云母的规格是200目。助剂包括稳定剂、增塑剂、防紫外剂和抗击改性剂。膨润土、海泡石和凹凸棒土均球磨后通过200目筛选。
实施例4
一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，包括乙丙橡胶48份、聚乙烯30份、膨润土15份、海泡石12份、凹凸棒土7份、氧化镁15份、氧化铝12份、强碱1份、云母16份、硅酸钙18份和助剂3份。其中，云母的规格是100目。助剂包括稳定剂、增塑剂、防紫外剂和抗击改性剂。膨润土、海泡石和凹凸棒土均球磨后通过300目筛选。
实施例5
一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，包括乙丙橡胶54份、聚乙烯35份、膨润土10份、海泡石10份、凹凸棒土5份、氧化镁13份、氧化铝10份、强碱2份、云母20份、硅酸钙20份和助剂4份。其中，云母的规格是325目。助剂包括稳定剂、增塑剂、防紫外剂和抗击改性剂。膨润土、海泡石和凹凸棒土均球磨后通过250目筛选。
根据上述实施例的组成所制备的阻燃绝缘材料，阻燃特性测试结果如上表所示，各实施例绝缘材料的阻燃特性好，符合电缆行业的阻燃特性的要求。
以上所述仅是本发明的部分实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离发明原来的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，其特征在于：包括乙丙橡胶、聚乙烯、膨润土、海泡石、凹凸棒土、氧化镁、氧化铝、强碱、云母、硅酸钙和助剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，其特征在于：包括乙丙橡胶40～56份、聚乙烯25～38份、膨润土6～20份、海泡石8～14份、凹凸棒土2～10份、氧化镁10～15份、氧化铝8～20份、强碱1～3份、云母13～25份、硅酸钙12～22份和助剂1～5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，其特征在于：包括乙丙橡胶48份、聚乙烯30份、膨润土15份、海泡石12份、凹凸棒土7份、氧化镁15份、氧化铝12份、强碱1份、云母16份、硅酸钙18份和助剂3份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，其特征在于：所述云母的规格是80～400目。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，其特征在于：所述助剂包括稳定剂、增塑剂、防紫外剂和抗击改性剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种电气用阻燃绝缘材料，其特征在于：所述膨润土、海泡石和凹凸棒土均球磨后通过100～400目筛选。
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Cited By (1)

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CN107093497A (zh) * 2017-03-23 2017-08-25 国网山东省电力公司莒县供电公司 一种防火阻燃电缆及其制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107093497A (zh) * 2017-03-23 2017-08-25 国网山东省电力公司莒县供电公司 一种防火阻燃电缆及其制备方法

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