CN104785829A - Cutter bar device of a numerically controlled machine tool and its operating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a cutter arbor device and operation method of digit control machine tool, the cutter arbor device of digit control machine tool includes the cutter arbor that meets with the main shaft, the tool bit that meets with the cutter arbor, and the head cartridge of cutter arbor is in the main shaft, and the afterbody of cutter arbor is the back taper, and this afterbody meets with the tool bit, and the ratio of the tip diameter of afterbody and the diameter of tool bit is less than or equal to 1.7: 1. the ratio of the diameter of the end of the spindle to the diameter of the head of the tool holder is less than or equal to 1.5: 1. the taper of the head part of the cutter bar is less than or equal to 2 degrees. The taper of the tail part of the cutter bar is less than or equal to 10 degrees and more than or equal to 3 degrees. The ratio of the length of the tail part of the cutter bar to the length of the part of the cutter head exposed out of the cutter bar is less than or equal to 2.5: 1. the surface of the tool bit is covered with an ultrafine particle layer. The invention has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure, flexible operation, high working efficiency and long service life.

Description

Cutter bar device of a numerically controlled machine tool and its operating method

technical field

The invention relates to a numerically controlled machine tool, in particular to a cutter bar device of a numerically controlled machine tool and an operating method thereof.

Background technique

Chinese patent document number CN 102059408 A disclosed a spindle device of a CNC gear hobbing machine on May 18, 2011. The spindle device includes a tool bar assembly, a tool bar assembly clamping mechanism and a tool change mechanism. The tool bar assembly consists of a tool bar, It is composed of hob, knife adjustment pad, shaft sleeve, lock nut and knife bar pull stud. The clamping mechanism of the tool bar assembly is composed of a square key and a claw assembly, and the tool changing mechanism is composed of a pull rod, a piston rod, a disc spring, an oil cylinder body, a flange, a bracket, a rotary joint and a limit switch. When this CNC gear hobbing machine is working, it is difficult to process small places, which makes users unsatisfied.

When existing processing round hole, as shown in Figure 1, need to drill center hole with center drill 10 earlier, then drill round hole with drill bit 20, rest the hole inner wall with reamer 30 at last, to improve machining accuracy. This processing method has many steps and is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

When machining grooves in the past, as shown in Figure 2, the cutter head moves straight along the dotted line in the figure. In this case, the cutting load of the cutter head is constantly changing, and the cutter head is easily damaged at the bottom of the groove. .

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a tool bar device of a numerical control machine tool with simple and reasonable structure, flexible operation, high working efficiency and long service life, so as to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art.

According to this purpose, a tool bar device of a CNC machine tool is designed, including a tool bar connected to the main shaft, and a cutter head connected to the tool bar. Its structural feature is that the head of the tool bar is inserted into the main shaft, and the The tail is in an inverted cone shape, the tail is connected to the cutter head, and the ratio of the end diameter of the tail to the diameter of the cutter head is less than or equal to 1.7:1.

Further, the ratio of the diameter of the main shaft end to the diameter of the head of the tool holder is less than or equal to 1.5:1.

Further, the taper of the head of the tool rod is less than or equal to 2 degrees.

Further, the taper of the tail of the tool rod is less than or equal to 10 degrees and greater than or equal to 3 degrees.

Further, the ratio of the length of the tail of the cutter bar to the length of the part of the cutter head exposed from the cutter rod is less than or equal to 2.5:1; or, the length of the part of the cutter head exposed from the cutter rod is less than or equal to four times the diameter of the cutter head.

Further, the surface of the cutter head is covered with an ultrafine particle layer.

Further, the ultrafine particle layer is an ultrafine aluminum titanium nitride ALTIN layer, an ultrafine aluminum silicon titanium nitride AlTiSiN layer or an ultrafine titanium nitride TIN layer.

An operation method of a cutter bar device of a numerically controlled machine tool, which is characterized in that when processing a part, the cutter head's trajectory is similar to the shape of the processed part; the cutter head moves along the contour line of the processed surface of the processed part ;

When processing the hole, the diameter of the cutter head is smaller than the diameter of the hole, and the cutter head processes the hole from top to bottom in a helical progressive manner along the shape of the hole;

When machining the groove, the diameter of the cutter head is smaller than the width of the groove, and the cutter head processes the groove from top to bottom in a spiral progressive manner along the shape of the groove.

The ratio of the selected diameter of the cutter head to the aperture of the workpiece to be processed is 0.55-0.8.

The ratio of the selected diameter of the cutter head to the minimum diameter of the groove of the processed part is 0.55-0.8.

In the present invention, the head of the cutter bar is inserted into the main shaft, the tail of the cutter bar is in the shape of an inverted cone, the tail is connected to the cutter head, and the ratio of the end diameter of the tail to the diameter of the cutter head is less than or equal to 1.7:1; so that The cutter head can enter a relatively narrow processing area, and can maintain the processing strength of the cutter head.

In the present invention, the surface of the cutter head is covered with an ultra-fine particle layer, which improves the surface hardness and peeling resistance of the cutter head, thereby improving the processing performance of the cutter head, and can directly perform rough machining to finish machining on the heat treatment mold, reducing the number of tool changes. Improve the processing efficiency of CNC machine tools and reduce production costs.

In the present invention, the ratio of the diameter of the main shaft end to the diameter of the head of the tool shank is less than or equal to 1.5:1; the taper of the head of the tool shank is less than or equal to 2 degrees; during processing, it can effectively prevent the head of the tool shank from facing each other Oscillation occurs at the end of the spindle to ensure processing quality.

In the present invention, the ratio of the length of the inverted tapered part of the cutter head to the length of the part where the cutter head is exposed to the cutter rod is less than or equal to 2.5:1; or, the length of the part where the cutter head is exposed to the cutter rod is less than or equal to four times the diameter of the cutter head ; It can improve the rigidity of the cutter head and prevent the cutter head from affecting the processing quality due to deformation during processing.

After adopting the technical solution provided by the present invention, during processing, the cutter head adopts shallow entry along the diameter direction or the axial direction, so the cutter head is not easy to crack, and chip removal is relatively easy, even in the face of non-rigid super Thin workpieces can also achieve high processing quality, and can greatly extend the service life of the cutter head.

The invention has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure, flexible operation, high working efficiency and long service life.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventionally processed round hole.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the tool movement of the existing groove processing.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the tool movement when processing a round hole according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the tool movement when processing grooves according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a top view schematic diagram of the tool path when processing grooves according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the tool path when processing grooves according to the present invention.

Among the figure: 1 is the main shaft, 2 is the cutter bar, 2.1 is the tail, 3 is the cutter head, 10 is the center drill, 20 is the drill bit, and 30 is the reamer.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 3, the cutter bar device of this CNC machine tool includes the cutter bar 2 connected with the main shaft 1, the cutter head 3 connected with the tool bar 2, the head of the tool bar 2 is inserted in the main shaft 1, and the tool bar 2 The tail portion 2.1 is in an inverted cone shape, the tail portion 2.1 is connected to the cutter head 3, and the ratio of the end diameter D5 of the tail portion 2.1 to the diameter D6 of the cutter head 3 is less than or equal to 1.7:1.

In this embodiment, the ratio of the diameter D1 of the end of the spindle 1 to the diameter D2 of the head of the tool holder 2 is less than or equal to 1.5:1.

The taper α of the head of the cutter bar 2 is less than or equal to 2 degrees.

The taper β of the tail portion 2.1 of the cutter bar 2 is less than or equal to 10 degrees and greater than or equal to 3 degrees.

The ratio of the length L1 of the tail portion 2.1 of the cutter bar 2 to the length L2 of the part of the cutter head 3 exposed from the cutter bar 2 is less than or equal to 2.5:1. ; Or, the length L2 of the position where the cutter head 3 exposes the cutter bar 2 is less than or equal to four times the diameter of the cutter head 3

The surface of the cutter head 3 is covered with an ultrafine particle layer. In this embodiment, the ultrafine particle layer may be an ultrafine aluminum titanium nitride ALTIN layer, an ultrafine aluminum silicon titanium nitride AlTiSiN layer or an ultrafine titanium nitride TIN layer.

On the basis of ensuring the strength of the cutter bar, the present invention can directly carry out rough machining to finishing machining on the heat treatment mold by controlling the shape of the cutter bar 2 and covering the surface of the cutter head 3 with an ultrafine particle layer, reducing the number of times of tool change and improving the quality of the CNC machine tool. The processing efficiency can effectively reduce the production cost.

In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 4-Fig. 5, the operating method of the cutter bar device of the numerically controlled machine tool is that when the parts are being processed, the cutter head 3's trajectory is similar to the shape of the part to be machined; Contour motion of the machined surface of the machined part. Specifically: when machining a hole, the diameter selected by the cutter head 3 is smaller than the aperture of the hole, and the cutter head 3 processes the hole from top to bottom in a helical progressive manner along the shape of the hole; when processing a groove, the cutter head 3. The selected diameter is smaller than the width of the groove, and the cutter head 3 processes the groove from top to bottom in a helical progressive manner along the shape of the groove.

The ratio of the selected diameter of the cutter head 3 to the aperture of the workpiece to be processed is 0.55-0.8.

The ratio of the selected diameter of the cutter head 3 to the minimum diameter of the groove of the workpiece to be processed is 0.55-0.8.

Referring to Fig. 6-Fig. 7, from the top view schematic diagram of the tool path when machining the groove and the schematic diagram of the tool path when machining the groove, we can intuitively see the meaning expressed by the present invention, and can be quickly applied into specific practice.

By adopting the operation method provided by the present invention, the previous four processing steps, including rough machining, heat treatment, electric discharge machining and polishing, can be reduced to one step, that is to say, it can be done in one step, and the steel after heat treatment can be processed in the CNC machine tool. The last one-time processing to the precision after polishing.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. the cutter arbor device of a Digit Control Machine Tool, comprise the knife bar (2) connected with main shaft (1), the cutter head (3) connected with knife bar (2), it is characterized in that the head of knife bar (2) is inserted in main shaft (1), the afterbody (2.1) of knife bar (2) is in back taper, this afterbody (2.1) connects with cutter head (3), and the end diameter (D5) of afterbody (2.1) is less than or equal to 1.7:1 with the ratio of the diameter (D6) of cutter head (3).

2. the cutter arbor device of Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that the diameter (D1) of described main shaft (1) end is less than or equal to 1.5:1 with the ratio of the diameter (D2) of the head of knife bar (2).

3. the cutter arbor device of Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that the tapering (α) of the head of described knife bar (2) is less than or equal to 2 degree.

4. the cutter arbor device of Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that the tapering (β) of the afterbody (2.1) of described knife bar (2) is less than or equal to 10 degree and is more than or equal to 3 degree.

5. the cutter arbor device of Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 1, the ratio that the length (L1) that it is characterized in that the afterbody (2.1) of described knife bar (2) and cutter head (3) expose the length (L2) at the position of knife bar (2) is less than or equal to 2.5:1; Or the length (L2) that cutter head (3) exposes the position of knife bar (2) is less than or equal to four times of cutter head (3) diameter.

6., according to the cutter arbor device of the arbitrary described Digit Control Machine Tool of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that described cutter head (3) surface coverage has ultra micro granulosa.

7. the cutter arbor device of Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 6, is characterized in that described ultra micro granulosa is ultra micron aluminium nitride titanium layer, ultra micron silicon aluminum nitrides titanium layer or ultra micron titanium nitride layer.

8. a method of operating for the cutter arbor device of Digit Control Machine Tool as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that when process component, and the shape that the tool track of cutter head (3) is shaping to part to be processed is similar; Cutter head (3) moves along the contour of the machined surface of part to be processed;

When machining hole, the aperture of the diameter than hole that cutter head (3) is selected is little, and cutter head (3) presses the progressive mode of helix, machining hole from top to bottom along the shape in hole;

When processing groove, the diameter that cutter head (3) is selected is less than the width of groove, and cutter head (3) presses the progressive mode of helix along the shape of groove, processing groove from top to bottom.

9. the method for operating of the cutter arbor device of Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 8, is characterized in that the ratio in the aperture of the diameter that described cutter head (3) is selected and processed parts is 0.55 ~ 0.8.

10. the method for operating of the cutter arbor device of Digit Control Machine Tool according to claim 8, is characterized in that the ratio of the minimum diameter of the groove of the diameter that described cutter head (3) is selected and processed parts is 0.55 ~ 0.8.