CN104782888B - A kind of feedstuff and its preparation and application - Google Patents
A kind of feedstuff and its preparation and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104782888B CN104782888B CN201510110039.3A CN201510110039A CN104782888B CN 104782888 B CN104782888 B CN 104782888B CN 201510110039 A CN201510110039 A CN 201510110039A CN 104782888 B CN104782888 B CN 104782888B
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- wheat bran
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the reprocessing of dead livestock and poultry, specifically a kind of feedstuff (meat meal tankage) and its prepare and application.Meat meal tankage be dead livestock and poultry handled through biological modeling, and after through reprocessing.Method using the present invention carries out harmless treatment, and dead livestock and poultry can be made to be collected in time, specification disposition, reduce food security and public health security risk；Animal epidemic can effectively be reduced and propagate and spread probability, animal health level is improved, ensure the healthy and stable development of animal husbandry；Environmental pollution can be mitigated, improve dense alcohol living environment；In addition, dead livestock and poultry contains abundant protein and grease, it can realize the regeneration of resource, turn waste into wealth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reprocessing of dead livestock and poultry, specifically a kind of feedstuff (meat meal tankage) and its prepare and answer
With.
Background technology
China is animal husbandry big country, and live pig year raising is up to 1,200,000,000, and the rooster year number of animals raised is up to 12,000,000,000.With the live pig death rate
3-6% meters, chicken death rate 5-10% meters, there are huge problem and hidden danger for dead livestock and poultry processing, such as：It dies of illness in 2014 year end Jiangxi
Pig flows into the case that other provinces are illegally processed, and dead livestock and poultry is processed to meat products and enters food chain and form black secondary industry
The risk of chain.
Currently, there are mainly three types of dead livestock and poultry harmless treatments：
The suitable buried place of buried 1. (be easy to causeing secondary pollution) selection, have to be selected in far from resident living area,
Culture area of livestork and poultry, water body and water source, geology is stablized, and is avoided in the downstream of life dry point in the leeward of resident living area
Rainwater catchment, the transport for poultry of conveniently dying of illness and disinfection.
There is the garbage disposal site using incinerator around burning disposal 2. (of high cost, using few) farm, it can be disease
Dead poultry collective conveyance allows the incinerator of profession to be burned to destructor plant.This method is relatively suitble to large-scale farming
The harmless treatment of Chang Deng enterprises is died of illness poultry.
3. natural decomposition method (period is long, is not suitable for high-volume) builds the cement pit of a capacious with closure
Well, bottom of pond are not required to the hardening that lays cement, and poultry of dying of illness are knocked down Chi Jingli, then be tamping well head with lid, allow the corpse of poultry of dying of illness
Natural decomposition.If it is poultry of dying of illness caused by epidemic disease, preferably mixes quick lime and throw together in the well of pond.
If dead livestock and poultry by criminal it is illegal processing, peddle into food and drink link, will result in pollution of dining table, increase
The risk of zoonosis occurs, damages people's health, or even cause public health and food safety affair.
Dead livestock and poultry is perishable, and degradation is slow, once by arbitrarily abandoning, can directly pollute production and living environment.Even mesh
Preceding processing method majority take simple buried of area or directly burned, since method is improper, operation is lack of standardization, condition limit
System, also easily polluted underground water and air.
Animal epidemic, which has become, influences an important factor for aquaculture develops in a healthy way.The most Carried bacteria of animals died of illness, virus,
The pathogen such as parasite, processing is not in time, it is possible to which the Spreading and diffusion for causing animal epidemic causes wider livestock and poultry dye epidemic disease
Illness, even more livestock and poultry die of illness.
Invention content
The present invention relates to the reprocessing of dead livestock and poultry, specifically a kind of feedstuff (meat meal tankage) and its prepare and answer
With.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is to achieve the above object：
A kind of feedstuff (meat meal tankage), meat meal tankage be dead livestock and poultry handled through biological modeling, and after through reprocessing be
It can.
The dead livestock and poultry is mixed with wheat bran, then is degraded through biological modeling, is then sterilized, dry, degreasing, as meat bone
Powder；Wherein, the mass ratio of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran is 4-6:1, preferably 5-6:1；Biological modeling accounts for dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran
1/2000-the 1/500 of total amount.
The biological modeling is bacillus subtilis and saccharomycete, and wherein saccharomycete is candida utili or beer ferment
It is female.
A kind of preparation method of feedstuff (meat meal tankage), dead livestock and poultry is mixed with wheat bran, then is degraded through biological modeling,
It then sterilizes, dry, degreasing, as meat meal tankage；Wherein, the mass ratio of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran is 4-6:1；Biological modeling accounts for
Dead livestock and poultry and 1/2000-the 1/500 of wheat bran total amount.
The biological modeling is bacillus subtilis and saccharomycete, wherein saccharomycete is candida utili or beer
Yeast.
Specifically, based on above-mentioned parts by weight, biological modeling is mixed with part wheat bran, the poultry that dies of illness is added after mixing
Fowl, biodegradation 12-24 hours under the conditions of 50-70 DEG C, crushing, stirring, while remaining wheat bran being added thereto, it is biodegradable
Gained degradation product is handled 20-24 hours in 100-120 DEG C of sterilizing and drying, again through 200 DEG C of -300 DEG C of steam drying 20-30 after sterilization
Minute, it remains temperature-resistant after dry and carries out squeezing processing 15-20min, grinding and sieving is up to meat meal tankage.
A kind of application of feedstuff (meat meal tankage), the meat meal tankage can be applied to non-consumption animal or pet.Such as, non-
The fleece animals such as consumption animal fox, racoon dog.
Advantage for present invention：Method using the present invention carries out harmless treatment, dead livestock and poultry can be made to obtain
It collects in time, specification disposition, reduce food security and public health security risk；Can effectively reduce animal epidemic propagate and it is climing
Prolong probability, improves animal health level, ensure the healthy and stable development of animal husbandry；Environmental pollution can be mitigated, improve dense alcohol people and occupy
Environment；In addition, dead livestock and poultry contains abundant protein and grease, it can realize the regeneration of resource, turn waste into wealth；Specifically
It is：
1. the harmless treatment period is relatively short, about 48 hours biodegradable, post-production needs 24 hours, with other methods
Compared to the obvious advantage.
2. not generating secondary pollution to environment in the production process of biodegradable dead livestock and poultry.
3. harmless treatment product recoverable, final products are processed to feedstuff, it is dynamic to can be used for non-consumption
Object (fur-bearing animal or pet).
4. final products substantially conform to feed meat meal tankage national standard, and nutritive value is higher, has good economy
Value and market prospects.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
The preparation of meat meal tankage：
In confined reaction tank by after purification bacillus subtilis and candida utili mixed at 50 DEG C with wheat bran
4h is cultivated, pig biodegradation 24 hours under the conditions of 70 DEG C, crushing, stirring of dying of illness are added after culture, while remaining wheat bran being added
Enter wherein, biodegradable gained degradation product is handled 20 hours in 110 DEG C of sterilizing and dryings, again through 250 DEG C of steam dryings 20 after sterilization
Minute, maintain temperature-resistant (250 DEG C) to carry out squeezing processing 15min after dry, grinding and sieving (2.5mm) is up to meat meal tankage.
Wherein, the mass ratio of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran is 5:1；Biological modeling accounts for the 1/ of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran total amount
1000。
The bacillus subtilis of the purifying is that the switching of commercially available bacillus subtilis is oblique in beef-protein medium
On face, 37 DEG C of constant temperature incubations are set 48 hours, it is spare.
The candida utili of the purifying is routinely rejuvenation mode, by commercially available candida utili in malt
The nitrogenous compounds such as the carbohydrate such as sugar, molasses and urea, ammonium salt are added as rejuvenation in the culture medium in the sources C and N after rejuvenation
A little puffing bran, for use.
Above-mentioned biological modeling can be also replaced by mixed type spoilage organisms purchased in market (as collection occasion board organic material composting is special
Bacterium).
Embodiment 2
The preparation of meat meal tankage：
In confined reaction tank by after purification bacillus subtilis and candida utili mixed at 55 DEG C with wheat bran
7h is cultivated, chicken biodegradation 20 hours under the conditions of 60 DEG C, crushing, stirring of dying of illness are added after culture, while remaining wheat bran being added
Enter wherein, biodegradable gained degradation product is handled 24 hours in 115 DEG C of sterilizing and dryings, again through 300 DEG C of steam dryings 25 after sterilization
Minute, maintain temperature-resistant (300 DEG C) to carry out squeezing processing 20min after dry, grinding and sieving (2.5mm) is up to meat meal tankage.
Wherein, the mass ratio of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran is 5:1；Biological modeling accounts for the 1/ of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran total amount
1000。
Embodiment 3
The preparation of meat meal tankage：
In confined reaction tank by after purification bacillus subtilis and candida utili mixed at 55 DEG C with wheat bran
5h is cultivated, pig biodegradation 22 hours under the conditions of 65 DEG C, crushing, stirring of dying of illness are added after culture, while remaining wheat bran being added
Entering wherein, biodegradable gained degradation product was in 105 DEG C of sterilization processings 20 hours, again through 240 DEG C of steam drying 30 minutes after sterilization,
Temperature-resistant (240 DEG C) are maintained to carry out squeezing processing 20min after drying, grinding and sieving (2.5mm) is up to meat meal tankage.
Wherein, the mass ratio of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran is 6:1；Biological modeling accounts for the 1/ of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran total amount
500。
Meat meal tankage obtained by the various embodiments described above detect and apply accordingly, specially：
1. quality and safety evaluation index detects
Corresponding quality safety detection carried out to the meat meal tankage that above-described embodiment obtains, each project of detection respectively according to
Following standard carries out, and crude protein is measured to be executed according to GB/T 6432-1994.Lysine is measured to be executed according to GB/T 18246.Acid
Valence is measured to be executed according to GB/T 19164-2003 Appendix B.Pepsin digestibility is measured to be executed according to GB/T 17811.Volatilization
Property alkali nitrogen determination is executed according to GB/T5009.44-2003.Crude fat is measured to be executed according to GB/T 6433.Coarse ash measurement is pressed
It is executed according to GB/T 6438.Crude fibre is measured to be executed according to GB/T 6434.Determination of moisture measurement is executed according to GB/T6435.Calcium is surveyed
It is fixed to be executed according to GB/T 6436.Total phosphorus determination is executed according to GB/T 6437.Chromium mark feed is executed according to GB/T 13088.Salmonella
Bacterium measures to be executed according to GB/T 13091.Total number of bacteria measurement is executed according to GB/T13093.
1 testing result range table of table
2. biological safety is assessed
1) sample collection
The meat meal tankage that above-described embodiment 1 obtains is divided into 3 groups, every group 5 parts；
Wherein, experimental group：Ith group of meat meal tankage dries 10min；IIth group of meat meal tankage dries 20min；IIIth group of meat meal tankage is dried
Dry 30min.
2) detection project
The detection of viral disease：Aftosa, swine fever, highly pathogenic is carried out to the sample of acquisition using fluorescence PCR method
Pig blue-ear disease, circovurus type 2 and the detection of Pseudorabies virus (table 2).
The pathogenic experiment of mouse：Each experimental group sample is taken, is 1 by mass volume ratio:3 ratio is shaken with PBS (buffer solution)
Mixing is swung, supernatant is taken with the speed centrifugation of 4000r/min after five minutes, is added dual anti-(mycillin), is noted through subcutaneous or abdominal cavity
It penetrates, every group of 5 mouse, raises 10 days, observe mouse health status.Mouse is put to death after 10 days, internal organs is adopted and carries out aftosa, pig
Pest, highly pathogenic PRRS, circovurus type 2 and the detection of Pseudorabies virus (table 2).
2 testing result of table
3. the assessment of nutrition and feeding value
One, experimental animal and test material
5-6 week old is bought with age in days male pet chicken 40,30 is selected similar in weight, is divided into 3 groups, every group 10,
Single cage is raised, and every chicken is 1 repetition.
It tests meat meal tankage and reaches feed factory from Heishan County unicorn
Two, test apparatus equipment
Chicken coop (single cage, for 30 chickens) receives excrement disk, magazine, drink box, 60, culture dish (diameter 12mm), small scoop 6
A (every group 2), tweezers 6 (every group 2), sample sack 60
Micromill, thermostatic drying chamber, 40 mesh sieve.
Three, test method
1,3 groups of experiment point.
Ith group：For blank control group, fed by pet chicken conventional feed；
IIth group：For test control group, by conventional feed and commercially available meat meal tankage with 80：The 20 feed feedings being mixed；
IIIth group：For test group, the meat meal tankage obtained by conventional feed and above-described embodiment is with 80：20 feedings being mixed
Material feeding.
2, test operation scheme
(1) pre-feeding period 2d；
(2) profile test：Stopped material to pet chicken before on-test not cut off the water, hungry 36h forces it to eat in 30min
70g diets continue thereafter with and stop expecting not cut off the water, collect 36h excretas.
(3) tests concrete steps：It is tested in the morning 8：00 starts, and every chicken is forced to eat 70g diets in 30min, with
After stop material do not cut off the water.8 points of the next morning collects excreta 1 time, and second day at 4 points in afternoon collected excreta 1 time, off-test.
When collecting excreta, the chicken feather on excreta, scurf and feed (being blown with tweezers folder or ear washing bulb) are first cleaned up,
Whole excretas are then scraped to small scoop in the culture dish of known weight (culture dish first weigh number) without loss, are put into
65 DEG C -70 DEG C baking ovens, are made air-dried sample；40 mesh sieve is crushed with pulverizer, after being sufficiently mixed, 50g is weighed and is packed into sample sack
(bottle) is for measuring.
Test specimen measures
Each sample testing index：Crude protein
It is as follows for the sample of analysis：
I group of blank control (10 samples)：I -1,2,3 ... 10；
II group of experimental control (10 samples)：II -1,2,3 ... 10；
It tests III group (10 samples)：III -1,2,3 ... 10；
Computational methods and calculation formula
Plant recovery of nutrient=(eat in nutrient-excrement in nutrient-urine nutrient) ÷ eats nutrient × 100%
It is calculated using set algorithm
(1) meat meal tankage Apparent metabolizable energy value (AME)
Wherein：B：The AME (MJ/kg) of conventional feed
T：The AME (MJ/kg) of control feed (feed to be measured)
i：The ratio (%) of raw material substitution conventional feed to be measured
The computational methods of B values：B=(- 1 group fecal energy of conventional feed total energy) ÷ conventional feed total energy × 100%T values
Computational methods：÷ control feeds total energy × 100% is similarly hereinafter by T=(- 2 group fecal energies of control feed total energy).
(2) meat meal tankage protein utilization
Wherein：B：The protein utilization of conventional diet
T：The protein utilization of control feed (feed to be measured)
i：The ratio (%) of the conventional diet of raw material substitution to be measured
(3) meat meal tankage lysine utilization rate
Wherein：B：The lysine utilization rate of conventional diet
T：The lysine utilization rate of control feed (feed to be measured)
i：The ratio (%) of the conventional diet of raw material substitution to be measured
3 testing result of table
| Group | Capacity usage ratio (%) | Protein utilization (%) | Lysine utilization rate (%) |
| Blank control group | 60.2 | 51.8 | 52.3% |
| Test control group | 58.4 | 62.9 | 59.8% |
| Test group | 59.5 | 66.3 | 60.6% |
By above-mentioned experiment as it can be seen that blank control group and test control group, the chicken weight of blank control group and test group raising
It compares, test control group and test group are more notable than blank control group weightening；And test control group and the weight of test group chicken are poor
Different unobvious.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of feedstuff meat meal tankage, it is characterised in that：Biological modeling is mixed with part wheat bran, is added and dies of illness after mixing
Livestock and poultry, biodegradation 12-24 hours under the conditions of 50-70 DEG C, crushing, stirring, while remaining wheat bran being added thereto, biology drop
Solution gained degradation product divides through 200 DEG C of -300 DEG C of steam dryings 20-30 in 100-120 DEG C of sterilization processing 20-24 hour after sterilization again
Clock remains temperature-resistant and carries out squeezing processing 15-20min after dry, grinding and sieving is up to meat meal tankage；
Wherein, the mass ratio of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran is 4-6:1；Biological modeling accounts for the 1/ of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran total amount
2000—1/500。
2. feedstuff meat meal tankage as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The biological modeling is bacillus subtilis
And saccharomycete, wherein saccharomycete is candida utili or brewer's yeast.
3. a kind of preparation method of feedstuff meat meal tankage described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：By biological modeling and portion
Divide wheat bran mixing, dead livestock and poultry is added after mixing, biodegradation 12-24 hours under the conditions of 50-70 DEG C, crushing, stirring, simultaneously
Remaining wheat bran is added thereto, biodegradable gained degradation product is passed through in 100-120 DEG C of sterilization processing 20-24 hours after sterilization again
200 DEG C of -300 DEG C of steam dryings 20-30 minutes remain temperature-resistant and carry out squeezing processing 15-20min, smash it through after dry
It sieves up to meat meal tankage；
Wherein, the mass ratio of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran is 4-6:1；Biological modeling accounts for the 1/ of dead livestock and poultry and wheat bran total amount
2000—1/500。
4. the preparation method of feedstuff meat meal tankage as described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The biological modeling is withered
Careless bacillus and saccharomycete, wherein saccharomycete is candida utili or brewer's yeast.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105192248A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-12-30 | 浙江明江环保科技有限公司 | Diseased livestock and poultry harmless treatment process |
| CN105724823A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-06 | 南通凯恒生物科技发展有限公司 | Technology for producing feed from pigs dead of diseases and application of feed to raising laying hens |
| CN107363071A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-21 | 烟台大学 | A kind of method of dead livestock and poultry recycling treatment |
| CN113016940A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-25 | 湖南祥柏生态环保科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for preparing amino acid powder from meat and bone meal |
| CN116790447B (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2024-01-05 | 吉林农业大学 | Culture medium prepared from meat and bone powder as raw material, and method and application thereof |
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| CN103464444A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-25 | 临海市多宝田自动化设备有限公司 | Full intelligent processor for harmless chemicalization of livestock and poultry waste |
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