CN104779917A - Receiver front-end circuit based on integrated inductor noise cancelling technology - Google Patents
Receiver front-end circuit based on integrated inductor noise cancelling technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a receiver front-end circuit based on an integrated inductor noise cancelling technology, and belongs to the field of radio frequency and millimeter wave integrated circuits. The receiver front-end circuit comprises two same branch circuits which comprise low noise amplifiers, I-channel frequency mixers, Q-channel frequency mixers, and trans-impedance amplifiers; an input signal is divided into two channels and the two channels are connected with the input ends of the low noise amplifiers of the two branch circuits respectively; the output ends of the low noise amplifiers of the branch circuits are connected with the public input ends of the I-channel and Q-channel frequency mixers in the branch circuits; the local oscillator ends of the I-channel frequency mixers in the two branch circuits are respectively connected with the local oscillator input ends of the whole circuit; the local oscillator ends of the Q-channel frequency mixers of the two branch circuits are respectively connected with the Q-channel local oscillator input ends of the whole circuit; the differential output end of the I-channel frequency mixer in one branch circuit is connected with the differential output end of the Q-channel frequency mixer in the other branch circuit, and is connected with the differential input end of the trans-impedance amplifier in the other branch circuit. Through the application of the receiver front-end circuit, the thermal noise generated by an integrated inductor can be eliminated greatly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radio frequency and millimetre integrated circuit design field, particularly the receiver front end circuit design of high-performance, low-noise factor (NoiseFigure:NF).
Background technology
Along with the development of CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor: Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) high speed wireless communication Circuits and Systems, what require communication quality and speed experience etc. with user improves constantly, information exchange rates constantly increases, and especially indoor high-speed communication requirement becomes more and more for important.According to Mason prediction, by 2016,80% of global radio amount of communication data will be produced by indoor.In this context, WLAN (wireless local area network) (Wireless LocalArea Network:WLAN) rapid technological improvement, wherein representative with IEEE 802.11 series standard most, this standard has developed into the 5th generation 802.11ac at present, communication data rate can reach Gbps (Giga-bit-per-second) and more than, thus attracted the extensive concern of academia and industrial quarters personage.
Specific to the wireless receiver systems being operated in radio-frequency range, need to realize high-gain, low noise while meeting low cost, low-power consumption, to realize the loss in high frequency of receiver front end system and noise factor.Along with the development of wireless local area network technology, data transmission rate improves constantly, and the vector planisphere (Constellation diagram) of modulation is more and more intensive, also more and more higher to the noise factor of receiver.In order to reduce the quantity of sheet external component, reducing costs, inside circuit, integrated inductor can be used in a large number.But integrated inductor due to quality factor (Quality Factor) lower, the dead resistance contained is comparatively large, and this, by producing a large amount of thermal noises, has a strong impact on the noiseproof feature of receiver front end circuit.
At present, traditional inductance being applied to receiver front end circuit mainly contains two kinds of forms.Be use the inductance outside sheet, utilize the characteristic of its high-quality-factor to reduce noise.As list of references " Yuan-Hung Chung, etc., " A 4-in-1 (WiFi/BT/FM/GPS) connectivity SoC with enhanced co-existence performance in 65nmCMOS, " IEEE ISSCC Dig.Tech.Papers, pp.172, 174, 19-23 Feb.2012 " and " Ming He, etc., " 20.5A 40nm dual-band 3-stream 802.11a/b/g/n/ac MIMO WLAN SoC with 1.1Gb/s over-the-airthroughput, " IEEE ISSCC Dig.Tech.Papers, pp.350, 351, 9-13 Feb.2014 ".Such way adds circuit manufacturing cost, and have impact on integrated level; Another kind uses common Embedded inductance, as list of references " SanghoonJoo, Tae-Young Choi, and Byunghoo Jung, " A 2.4-GHz Resistive Feedback LNA in0.13-μm of CMOS, " IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits, vol.44, no.11, pp.3019-3029, Nov.2009 ".This scheme inevitably introduces very high thermal noise.
Therefore, need to invent new circuit structure, properly settle the design cost of circuit and noiseproof feature this to contradiction, meet integrated level and the performance of receiver front end system simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the invention is to the receiver front end proposing a kind of technology that disappears mutually based on integrated inductor noise, on the basis using integrated inductor, by brand-new circuit structure, eliminate the noise of inductance contribution, ensure the low-noise factor of whole receiver, meet the performance requirement of wireless communication standard to receiver front end, and improve the integrated level of whole receiver front end system.
For realizing above object, the receiver front end circuit of a kind of technology that disappears mutually based on integrated inductor noise of the present invention, it is characterized in that, this circuit comprises two identical branch roads, first route first low noise amplifier, an I road and Q road frequency mixer, the first trans-impedance amplifier composition, second route second low noise amplifier, the 2nd I road and Q road frequency mixer, the second trans-impedance amplifier composition composition; Wherein, input signal is divided into two-way to be connected with the input of the low noise amplifier of the second branch road with the low noise amplifier of the first branch road respectively, the I road of output termination first branch road of the low noise amplifier of the first branch road and the public input of Q road frequency mixer; The I road of output termination second branch road of the low noise amplifier of the second branch road and the public input of Q road frequency mixer; The local oscillator end of the first branch road I road frequency mixer is connected with the I road local oscillator input of whole circuit respectively with the local oscillator end of the second branch road I road frequency mixer; First branch road is connected with the Q road local oscillator input of whole circuit respectively with the local oscillator end of the Q road frequency mixer in the second branch road; In first branch road, the difference output end of I road frequency mixer is connected with the difference output end of Q road frequency mixer in the second branch road, and is connected with the differential input end of the trans-impedance amplifier in the first branch road; In first branch road, the difference output end of trans-impedance amplifier is the I road difference output end of whole receiver front end; In second branch road, the difference output end of I road frequency mixer is connected with the difference output end of Q road frequency mixer in the first branch road, and be connected with the differential input end of the trans-impedance amplifier in the second branch road, in the second branch road, the difference output end of trans-impedance amplifier is the Q road difference output end of whole receiver front end.
The first low noise amplifier in described first branch road, can by grid inductance L
g, nMOS pipe M
1, inductance L
sand inductance L
dcomposition; Wherein, grid inductance L
ga termination input, another termination nMOS pipe M
1grid end, nMOS pipe M
1source electrode connects inductance L
sone end, inductance L
sother end ground connection GND; M
1drain electrode connect output and inductance L
done end, L
danother termination power vd D.
The second low noise amplifier in described second branch road, can by nMOS pipe M
2n, pMOS pipe M
2pcomposition; Wherein, nMOS pipe M
2nwith pMOS pipe M
2pgrid terminate at together and connect input, nMOS pipe M
2nsource ground GND, pMOS pipe M
2psource electrode meets power vd D, nMOS pipe M
2nwith pMOS pipe M
2pdrain terminal be connected together and connect output.
Described first branch road is identical with frequency mixer in the second branch road, all can include I road and two, Q road frequency mixer.Technical characterstic of the present invention and beneficial effect:
The present invention is directed to the problem that integrated inductor thermal noise is excessive, have employed new circuit structure, introduce noise to disappear mutually technology, eliminate the noise of integrated inductor contribution, achieve the noiseproof feature of improvement, solve the contradiction that receiver system integrated inductor and noiseproof feature can not solve simultaneously, realize high integration on low noise and sheet simultaneously, efficiently avoid the choice problem of traditional design method between noise and integrated level, improve whole receiver front end systematic function and ensure that designed reliability and the electrostatic robustness of circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of receiver front end of the technology that disappears mutually based on integrated inductor noise that the present invention proposes;
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of receiver front end (I road) of the technology that disappears mutually based on integrated inductor noise in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the present invention take input signal frequency range as 5.001GHz – 5.1GHz, and frequency mixer local frequency is 5GHz, the simulation result of receiver front end circuit to be embodiment to reference frequency output the be noise factor of 1MHz-100MHz.
Fig. 4 be the present invention to taking frequency input signal as 5.01GHz, frequency mixer local frequency is 5GHz, and the output frequency of receiver front end circuit embodiments is the noise analysis of 10MHz, i.e. the noise power of grid inductance contribution accounts for the ratio of branch road 1 contributing noise power;
Fig. 5 be the present invention to taking frequency input signal as 5.01GHz, frequency mixer local frequency is 5GHz, and the output frequency of receiver front end circuit embodiments is the noise analysis of 10MHz, i.e. the noise power of grid inductance contribution accounts for the ratio of whole circuit noise power.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, technical scheme and feature clearly clear and definite, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment is described in detail and description.
The present invention proposes a kind of receiver front end circuit of the technology that disappears mutually based on integrated inductor noise, on the basis using integrated inductor, adopt brand-new circuit structure, the thermal noise contributed by integrated inductor by the mode of feedforward is eliminated, ensure that low-noise factor, meet the performance requirement of wireless communication standard to receiver front end, and improve the integrated level of whole receiver front end system.
For realizing above object, the receiver front end circuit of a kind of technology that disappears mutually based on integrated inductor noise of the present invention, adopt zero-intermediate-frequency architecture, whole receiver front end circuit is divided into two identical branch roads, as shown in Figure 1, comprise: first route low noise amplifier 1, I road and Q road frequency mixer 1, trans-impedance amplifier 1 form, second route low noise amplifier 2, I road and Q road frequency mixer 2, trans-impedance amplifier 2 form;
Wherein, input signal is divided into two-way to be connected with the input of the low noise amplifier 1,2 of branch road 1,2 respectively, the I road of the output termination leg 1 of the low noise amplifier 1 of branch road 1 and the public input of Q road frequency mixer 1; Input connects the input of low noise amplifier 2 in branch road 2, the public input of I road and Q road frequency mixer in the output termination leg 2 of low noise amplifier 2; Branch road 1 is connected with the I road local oscillator input of whole circuit respectively with the local oscillator end of I road frequency mixer in branch road 2, and branch road 1 is connected with the Q road local oscillator input of whole circuit respectively with the local oscillator end of the Q road frequency mixer in branch road 2; In branch road 1, the difference output end of I road frequency mixer is connected with the difference output end of Q road frequency mixer in branch road 2, and be connected with the differential input end of the trans-impedance amplifier 1 in branch road 1, in branch road 1, the difference output end of trans-impedance amplifier 1 is the I road difference output end of whole receiver front end; In branch road 2, the difference output end of I road frequency mixer is connected with the difference output end of Q road frequency mixer in branch road 1, and be connected with the differential input end of the trans-impedance amplifier 2 in branch road 2, in branch road 2, the difference output end of trans-impedance amplifier 2 is the Q road difference output end of whole receiver front end.
Low noise amplifier 1 in above-mentioned branch road 1, its particular circuit configurations as shown in Figure 1, by grid inductance L
g, nMOS pipe M
1, inductance L
sand inductance L
dcomposition; Wherein, grid inductance L
ga termination input, another termination nMOS pipe M
1grid end, nMOS pipe M
1source electrode connects inductance L
sone end, inductance L
sother end ground connection GND; M
1drain electrode connect output and inductance L
done end, L
danother termination power vd D.
Low noise amplifier 2 in branch road 2, its particular circuit configurations as shown in Figure 1, by nMOS pipe M
2n, pMOS pipe M
2pcomposition; Wherein, nMOS pipe M
2nwith pMOS pipe M
2pgrid terminate at together and connect input, nMOS pipe M
2nsource ground GND, pMOS pipe M
2psource electrode meets power vd D, nMOS pipe M
2nwith pMOS pipe M
2pdrain terminal be connected together and connect output.
The operation principle of each parts of this circuit is described as follows:
The thermal noise of integrated inductor can be equivalent to and the connecting an of ideal inductance and noise voltage source, and exports, as shown in Figure 2 for I road.The low noise amplifier of branch road 1 is traditional source degeneracy structure, and its input is series resonant network, and therefore, the voltage be applied between nMOS pipe grid end and source is V
gs, be ideally 90 °; And the noise that grid inductance produces, because the position of its noise source is different, the noise phase of grid end and source, is ideally-90 °.The low noise amplifier of branch road 2 is independently inverter structures, and input signal does not have the phase shift of 90 ° after anti-phase; For noise, do not have 90 ° of phase shifts equally.After signal in branch road 1 and branch road 2 and noise reach the output of low noise amplifier 1 and low noise amplifier 2 respectively, its reverse-phase.In the ideal case, the signal of branch road 1 and the phase place of noise are respectively-90 ° and 90 °; The signal of branch road 2 and the phase place of noise are 180 °.
Branch road 1 is identical with frequency mixer in branch road 2, all includes I road and two, Q road frequency mixer, and the routine that employing 4 is identical altogether has frequency mixer.Receive that two low noise amplifiers 1,2 export respectively signal and noise, export as an electrical current, as shown in Figure 2.In branch road 1, the local oscillator input of I road frequency mixer is I road local oscillator, and in branch road 2, the local oscillator input of Q road frequency mixer is Q road local oscillator.Therefore after down-conversion, the signal of branch road 1 and the phase place of noise are still respectively-90 ° and 90 °, and the phase place of signal and noise in branch road 2, after mixing phase shift, be-90 °.The signal of branch road 1 and branch road 2 and noise are added in the mode of current-mode at the input of trans-impedance amplifier, merge into a road.Be voltage by the trans-impedance amplifier shown in Fig. 1 by current transitions, the final I road that produces exports.Can see from the relation of the phase place of signal and noise, signal superposes with homophasic fashion, and noise disappears in an inverted fashion mutually.The situation that Q road exports and specific descriptions can by obtaining with mode like the output class of I road, and difference is, is now Q road frequency mixer in branch road 1, and in branch road 2 is I road frequency mixer.Low noise amplifier 1 is identical with the situation that I road exports with the embodiment of low noise amplifier 2.
Trans-impedance amplifier 1 is identical with trans-impedance amplifier 2, all adopts conventional full differential trans-impedance amplifier to realize in an embodiment.
The correctness of receiver front end of technology disappear mutually with effective based on integrated inductor noise in order to what verify that the present invention proposes, 65nm CMOS technology is adopted to carry out circuit simulation verification for the radio receiver front end circuit embodiments being operated in 5GHz radio-frequency range, its circuit theory diagrams provide in Fig. 1, wherein radiofrequency signal is converted to base band through low noise amplifier amplification by the mode of zero intermediate frequency, I road local oscillator and the Q road local oscillation signal of frequency mixer provide by outside sheet, and Ba Lun is converted to differential signal on sheet, access frequency mixer local oscillator input, baseband current signal is converted to voltage signal through trans-impedance amplifier, the 0.1dB bandwidth of useful signal is about 100MHz.In Fig. 2, parameter and index are listed in following table:
Wherein, element L
sinductance value is less, and in side circuit, available wire replaces.
The circuit of remainder, as frequency mixer, trans-impedance amplifier, all adopts the circuit structure of standard to realize.
The key index noise factor of the present invention to receiver front-end circuit has carried out simulation analysis, and its result provides respectively in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 with the curve of frequency change.In Fig. 3, solid circles represents the relation of noise factor with frequency of independent branch road 1, and triangles represents the relation of noise factor with frequency of independent branch road 2, and closed square to represent when two branch roads work simultaneously overall noise figure with the relation of frequency.After dash area representative in Fig. 4 carries out noise factor analysis to branch road 1 separately, be 10MHz frequency at output frequency, the noise power that grid inductance is contributed accounts for the ratio of branch road 1 noise power.After dash area representative in Fig. 5 carries out overall noise figure analysis to two-way branch circuit parallel connection, be 10MHz frequency at output frequency, the noise power that grid inductance is contributed accounts for the ratio of all noise powers.
From the results of view, the present invention propose based on integrated inductor noise disappear mutually the embodiment of receiver front end of technology achieve be operated in 5GHz frequency time, the noise factor of minimum 1.53dB, compare branch road 1 when working independently, noise factor improves about 1dB, the technology and the noise through adopting the present invention to propose disappears mutually, in the present embodiment, the noise of grid inductance has been reduced to 31% to the contribution of whole circuit noise by 68%.This embodiment, relative to conventional art, by introducing branch road 2, while contributing signal gain, eliminates the thermal noise of integrated grid inductance.Under the prerequisite not affecting linearity index, not obvious increase power consumption, achieve good noiseproof feature.
In a word, the foregoing is only the present invention under concrete CMOS technology with the checking example of radio receiver front end under concrete 5GHz radio-frequency range, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the receiver front end circuit of the technology that to disappear mutually based on integrated inductor noise, it is characterized in that, this circuit comprises two identical branch roads, first route first low noise amplifier, an I road and Q road frequency mixer, the first trans-impedance amplifier composition, second route second low noise amplifier, the 2nd I road and Q road frequency mixer, the second trans-impedance amplifier composition composition; Wherein, input signal is divided into two-way to be connected with the input of the low noise amplifier of the second branch road with the low noise amplifier of the first branch road respectively, the I road of output termination first branch road of the low noise amplifier of the first branch road and the public input of Q road frequency mixer; The I road of output termination second branch road of the low noise amplifier of the second branch road and the public input of Q road frequency mixer; The local oscillator end of the first branch road I road frequency mixer is connected with the I road local oscillator input of whole circuit respectively with the local oscillator end of the second branch road I road frequency mixer; First branch road is connected with the Q road local oscillator input of whole circuit respectively with the local oscillator end of the Q road frequency mixer in the second branch road; In first branch road, the difference output end of I road frequency mixer is connected with the difference output end of Q road frequency mixer in the second branch road, and is connected with the differential input end of the trans-impedance amplifier in the first branch road; In first branch road, the difference output end of trans-impedance amplifier is the I road difference output end of whole receiver front end; In second branch road, the difference output end of I road frequency mixer is connected with the difference output end of Q road frequency mixer in the first branch road, and be connected with the differential input end of the trans-impedance amplifier in the second branch road, in the second branch road, the difference output end of trans-impedance amplifier is the Q road difference output end of whole receiver front end.
2. front-end circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the first low noise amplifier in described first branch road, by grid inductance L
g, nMOS pipe M
1, inductance L
sand inductance L
dcomposition; Wherein, grid inductance L
ga termination input, another termination nMOS pipe M
1grid end, nMOS pipe M
1source electrode connects inductance L
sone end, inductance L
sother end ground connection GND; M
1drain electrode connect output and inductance L
done end, L
danother termination power vd D.
3. front-end circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the second low noise amplifier in described second branch road, by nMOS pipe M
2n, pMOS pipe M
2pcomposition; Wherein, nMOS pipe M
2nwith pMOS pipe M
2pgrid terminate at together and connect input, nMOS pipe M
2nsource ground GND, pMOS pipe M
2psource electrode meets power vd D, nMOS pipe M
2nwith pMOS pipe M
2pdrain terminal be connected together and connect output.
4. front-end circuit as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that, described first branch road is identical with frequency mixer in the second branch road, all includes I road and two, Q road frequency mixer.
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| CN201510193750.XA CN104779917B (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | A kind of receiver front end circuit based on integrated inductor noise cancellation technology |
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| CN110138351A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-16 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of CMOS wideband balun radio frequency receiving front-end circuit |
| CN111384984A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Receiver and low noise amplifier |
| US11074872B2 (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2021-07-27 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Backlight driving circuit, backlight module, display device and backlight driving method |
| CN116260475A (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-06-13 | 杭州地芯科技有限公司 | Receiver and zero intermediate frequency transceiver |
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| CN110138351A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-16 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of CMOS wideband balun radio frequency receiving front-end circuit |
| US11074872B2 (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2021-07-27 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Backlight driving circuit, backlight module, display device and backlight driving method |
| CN116260475A (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-06-13 | 杭州地芯科技有限公司 | Receiver and zero intermediate frequency transceiver |
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