CN104776765A - Static blasting and energy-gathering device and blasting method thereof - Google Patents
Static blasting and energy-gathering device and blasting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104776765A CN104776765A CN201510171972.1A CN201510171972A CN104776765A CN 104776765 A CN104776765 A CN 104776765A CN 201510171972 A CN201510171972 A CN 201510171972A CN 104776765 A CN104776765 A CN 104776765A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a static blasting and energy-gathering device. The static blasting and energy-gathering device comprises a main body protective barrel which is formed by splicing two circular-arc-shaped steel templates which are not connected, wherein a connecting line of middle points of the two circular-arc-shaped steel templates is perpendicular to a pre-splitting line; a splitting angle is arranged on the outer part of each circular-arc-shaped steel template, and the tip end of the splitting angle and the pre-splitting line are positioned on the same straight line. A method for blasting by applying the static blasting and energy-gathering device comprises the following steps: 1) drilling; 2) placing a static stone-breaking and energy-gathering device; 3) pouring stone breaker slurry for breaking stones; 4) recycling. According to the static blasting and energy-gathering device and the blasting method provided by the invention, the problems of long crushing time, high dosage for crushing and the like can be solved, the static crushing and blasting time is shortened, the dosage per crushing volume is reduced, and the crushing efficiency of a static crushing agent is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to explosion field, especially a kind of static blasting energy-gathering device and blasting method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's building cause, to the raising that living environment requires, static crushing, as the alternative blasting technique of explosive blasting, receives the concern of more and more people.The advantage of static blasting is safe and effective, broken noiseless, without blasting flyrock, explosion without dust, on Adjacent Buildings without impact, on surrounding environment substantially without affecting.Therefore, in densely populated urban renewal engineering, around literate historic site needs the engineering of protection, and other is not easy to have obvious advantage in concrete removal, rock and ore extraction engineering under the environmental condition of explosive blasting.Along with the quickening of China's Urbanization Progress, the Rapid Implementation of reconstruction of the old city town and Other Engineering, static crushing technology will have good development prospect.
Common static explosion, utilize the Static Blasting Agent (main component is calcium oxide) be contained in medium boring, calcium oxide becomes calcium hydroxide, its crystal structure changes, and can cause the expansion of crystal volume, makes cracking agent crystal modification, produce volumetric expansion, thus slowly, quietly the bulbs of pressure (can reach 30Mpa-50Mpa) are applied to hole wall, through reaching maximum after a period of time, medium is broken.This circular bore, the expansive force that static fracturing agents is produced can act on hole wall uniformly, the tiny crack distributed around hole wall will develop uniformly, thus cause expansive force can not concentrate on for splitting on direction, and the crack on presplitting line is also difficult to fast development.
Static Blasting Agent is that coordinate other organic and inorganic additives and the powdered substance made, typical chemical equation is with special silicate, calcium oxide for primary raw material:
CaO+H
2O→Ca(OH)
2+6.5×104J
The principle of its crushing medium is exactly utilize the calcium oxide be contained in medium boring to become calcium hydroxide, its crystal structure changes, the expansion of crystal volume can be caused, make cracking agent crystal modification, produce volumetric expansion, thus slowly, quietly the bulbs of pressure (can reach 30Mpa-50Mpa) are applied to hole wall, through reaching maximum after a period of time, medium is broken.According to mensuration, under the prerequisite of free wxpansion, reacted volume can increase by 3 to 4 times, and its surface area also increases nearly 100 times, and every mole also discharges the heat of 6.5 × 104J simultaneously.If it injected in big gun hole, this expansion is subject to the constraint of hole wall, and pressure can rise to 50Mpa, and medium can produce radial compression stress and tangential tensile stress under this pressure effect.This circular bore, the expansive force that static fracturing agents is produced can act on hole wall uniformly, the tiny crack distributed around hole wall will develop uniformly, thus cause expansive force can not concentrate on for splitting on direction, and the crack on presplitting line is also difficult to fast development.
Although static blasting has the lot of advantages of himself, its limitation also clearly, relative to explosive blasting, its broken time is longer, and the medication of unit volume crushing is more, to construction technology, environment temperature requires higher, and these problems also counteracts that the extensive use of static crushing in engineering.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of static blasting energy-gathering device and blasting method thereof, longer, the problem such as crushing medication is more of broken time can be solved, accelerate static crushing blasting time, reduce broken unit volume dosage, improve the crushing efficiency of static breaking agent.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of static blasting energy-gathering device,
This device comprises spells by two lobe circular arc steel forms the main body casing formed, and do not connect between two lobe circular arc steel forms, the mid point line of two lobe circular arc steel forms is vertical with presplitting line; Every lobe circular arc steel form outside is equipped with splitting angle, and tip and the presplitting line at splitting angle are located along the same line;
Circular arc steel form two edge is respectively provided with stable axis lead ring, and stable axis lead ring is placed with stable axis.
Main body casing is cylinder.
The angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 45 degree.
Stable axis lead ring is made up of two concentric arc plates, and the center of circle of two arc plates overlaps with the center of circle of stable axis.
The central angle b of stable axis lead ring is 80 degree.
Apply the method that static blasting energy-gathering device carries out explosion, the method comprises the following steps:
1) hole: hole on the rock needing static blasting;
2) place static state and split stone energy-gathering device: in the borehole, first the static main body casing splitting stone energy-gathering device is placed, the tip at each splitting angle and presplitting line are located along the same line, then four stable axis are inserted in stable axis lead ring, complete the placement that static state splits stone energy-gathering device;
3) pour into stone cracking agent slurries: in the main body casing of the energy-gathering device placed, fill stone cracking agent slurries, wait for and split stone;
4) reclaim: after splitting stone and terminating, the static state of taking out in boring splits stone energy-gathering device, carries out next circulation and splits stone use.
Step 1) in, the aperture of boring is 60mm.
A kind of static blasting energy-gathering device provided by the invention and blasting method thereof, beneficial effect is as follows:
1, two lobe circular arc steel forms are adopted to spell the main body casing of composition, circular arc steel form is arranged the mode at splitting angle, tip and the presplitting line at each splitting angle are located along the same line, when static(al) blasting agent produces expansive force, the steel form confined expansion power of arc-shaped is dispersed on the rock mass around hole wall, it is made to concentrate on steel form, expansive force is concentrated on the tip at each splitting angle by circular arc steel form again, like this, stress will be produced concentrate at the tip at splitting angle, make the rapid splitting of rock at the tip place at splitting angle, and other positions of hole wall strain peak value will sharply reduce, action time also can significantly reduce, it is longer to solve the broken time, the problems such as crushing medication is more, accelerate static crushing blasting time, reduce broken unit volume dosage, improve the crushing efficiency of static breaking agent.
2, be different from common static explosion, the mode of stone cracking agent expansive force stepless action on drill hole inner wall, in the present invention, expansive force promotion static blasting energy-gathering device moves to both sides, expansive force is concentrated on splitting angle, and rock is the material of a kind of tensile strength well below compression strength, therefore the concentrated stress at splitting angle can rapidly by rock cleavage.
3, boring aperture is designed to 60mm, for 1.5 times of boring aperture (being generally 40mm) in common static explosion, when overcoming common static explosion, hole and excessively easily cause whitewashing, holing littlely just needs reduction holes spacing, the shortcoming of the density of enlarged hole, while hole diameter enlargement, both can not cause whitewashing, reduce hole density, and also enhance on the other hand and split stone effect.
4, the setting of stable axis, makes in expansion process, gives main body casing supported on the one hand, makes splitting angle accurately along presplitting line direction; Secondly, at main body casing because of in expansion moving process, the rolling of stable axis makes expansive force concentrate on splitting angle to greatest extent, enhances and splits stone effect.
The rock of 5 employing explosion of the present invention, its expansive force mainly concentrates near splitting angle, and the rock stress of other positions of borehole wall is very little, realizes the maximum likelihood that rock splits from presplitting line, substantially increases the quarrying lumber recovery of decoration rock.
6, static blasting energy-gathering device can reuse, and improves and splits stone efficiency, economical reliable.
7, the angle a of the tip at splitting angle is the design of 45 degree, and ensure that the depth of angle of cleave on the one hand, meanwhile, after wide-angle ensure that splitting, crack has certain width; In addition, effective stress increases greatly, greatly strengthen the splitting effect to rock.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of static blasting energy-gathering device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the drawing of static blasting energy-gathering device stable axis of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the top view of static blasting energy-gathering device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the placement schematic diagram of static blasting energy-gathering device in blasting method of the present invention;
When Fig. 5 is without angle of cleave, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Fig. 6 is the angle a of the tip at splitting angle when being 30 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Fig. 7 is the angle a of the tip at splitting angle when being 45 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Fig. 8 is the angle a of the tip at splitting angle when being 60 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Fig. 9 is the angle a of the tip at splitting angle when being 90 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Figure 10 is the stress changing curve figure drawn according to table 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
As Figure 1-Figure 4, a kind of static blasting energy-gathering device,
This device comprises being spelled between main body casing 1, the two lobe circular arc steel form 1-1 that forms by two lobe circular arc steel form 1-1 and does not connect, and the mid point line of two lobe circular arc steel form 1-1 is vertical with presplitting line 5; Every lobe circular arc steel form 1-1 outside is equipped with splitting angle 2, and most advanced and sophisticated 2-1 and the presplitting line 5 at splitting angle 2 are located along the same line;
Circular arc steel form 1-1 two edge is respectively provided with stable axis lead ring 4, stable axis lead ring 4 is placed with stable axis 3;
The diameter of stable axis 3 is 10mm, adopts steel or the larger alloy material of intensity to make.
Main body casing 1 is cylinder, and its internal diameter is 36mm, and external diameter is 40mm, and axial length is 1000mm, also can arrange according to the actual stone degree of depth of splitting in scene, arrange axial length, adopt steel or the larger alloy material of intensity to make.
The angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 45 degree, and outside the summit of most advanced and sophisticated 2-1 to main body casing 1 external diameter, the distance L of closest approach is 10mm, and splitting angle 2 adopts the indeformable alloy steel material of wear-resisting anti-extrusion to make.
Stable axis lead ring 4 is made up of two concentric arc plate 4-1, and the center of circle of two arc plate 4-1 overlaps with the center of circle of stable axis 3.
The central angle b of stable axis lead ring 4 is 80 degree, and the thickness of stable axis lead ring 4 is 0.5mm, adopts and is made from high grade steel, and welds outside stable axis lead ring 4 with main body casing 1, and its medial surface scribbles lubricating oil, to reduce the frictional force between stable axis 3.
Embodiment two
Apply the method that static blasting energy-gathering device carries out explosion, the method comprises the following steps:
1) hole: on the rock needing static blasting, hole 6;
2) place static state and split stone energy-gathering device: on stable axis lead ring 4, coat a certain amount of lubricating oil in advance, in boring 6, first the static main body casing 1 splitting stone energy-gathering device is placed, the most advanced and sophisticated 2-1 at each splitting angle 2 and presplitting line 5 are located along the same line, again four stable axis 3 are inserted in stable axis lead ring 4, complete the placement that static state splits stone energy-gathering device;
3) pour into stone cracking agent slurries (for indication Static Blasting Agent in background technology): in the main body casing 1 of the energy-gathering device placed, fill stone cracking agent slurries, wait for and split stone;
4) reclaim: after splitting stone and terminating, the static state of taking out in boring 6 splits stone energy-gathering device, carries out next circulation and splits stone use.
In step 1, the aperture of boring 6 is 60mm.
The placement of static blasting energy-gathering device as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment three
The angle a of the tip at splitting angle is the test selection of 45 degree, and process of the test is as follows:
Angle a is designed to the different number of degrees, when being respectively 0 degree, 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree and 90 degree, adopts FEM software adina to carry out the different stress characteristic in simulation splitting the top of the horn portion, to select optimum angle.
During without angle of cleave, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions as shown in Figure 5;
When the angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 30 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions as shown in Figure 6;
When the angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 45 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions as shown in Figure 7;
When the angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 60 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions as shown in Figure 8;
When the angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 90 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions as shown in Figure 9.
Following table 1 for angle a be respectively 0 degree, 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree and 90 degree time, the stressing conditions table in splitting the top of the horn portion.
Table 1
According to table 1 draw stress changing curve figure as shown in Figure 10,
As can be seen from Fig. 6-Figure 10:
1, when angle a is 0 degree, effective stress distribution is comparatively even, splits in stone process, and crack can be carried out along comparatively weak structural plane or other Weak points, and this Weak face can not be lucky just on presplitting line, so effectively can not utilize expansive force.
2, when angle a is not 0 degree, effective stress mainly concentrates near splitting angle, and other position stress values are very little, and what this increased on the one hand splitting the top of the horn end 2-1 splits stone effect; On the other hand, in quarrying process, greatly reduce the destruction to rock, improve the rate of becoming a useful person.
3, from Figure 10, curve walks to look up, along with the increase of angle a angle, tip horizontal stress reduces gradually, and vertical stress remains unchanged substantially when there being angle a not to be 0 degree, effective stress increases with the increase of angle, but variable quantity is less, in cleaving process, the depth at splitting angle to be ensured on the one hand, on the other hand, the drawing crack effect of vertical force need be considered, and adopt splitting the top of the horn portion angle a to be 45 degree, ensure that the depth of angle of cleave, meanwhile, after wide-angle ensure that splitting, crack has certain width.
4, when angle a is 0 degree, the effective stress that borehole wall is subject to is 801214Pa, and when splitting the top of the horn portion angle a is 45 °, the effective stress that borehole wall is subject to is increased to 3400072Pa, increases 4.24 times, greatly increases the splitting effect to rock.
In sum, the optimization selection of angle a is 45 degree.
Claims (7)
1. a static blasting energy-gathering device, is characterized in that:
This device comprises spells by two lobe circular arc steel forms (1-1) the main body casing (1) formed, and do not connect between two lobe circular arc steel forms (1-1), the mid point line of two lobe circular arc steel forms (1-1) is vertical with presplitting line (5); Every lobe circular arc steel form (1-1) outside is equipped with splitting angle (2), and tip (2-1) and the presplitting line (5) of splitting angle (2) are located along the same line;
Circular arc steel form (1-1) two edge is respectively provided with stable axis lead ring (4), stable axis lead ring (4) is placed with stable axis (3).
2. static blasting energy-gathering device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: main body casing (1) is cylinder.
3. static blasting energy-gathering device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the angle a of the tip of splitting angle (2) is 45 degree.
4. static blasting energy-gathering device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: stable axis lead ring (4) is made up of two concentric arc plates (4-1), and the center of circle of two arc plates (4-1) overlaps with the center of circle of stable axis (3).
5. static blasting energy-gathering device according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the central angle b of stable axis lead ring (4) is 80 degree.
6. apply the method that static blasting energy-gathering device carries out explosion, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) hole: on the rock needing static blasting, hole (6);
2) place static state and split stone energy-gathering device: in boring (6), first the static main body casing (1) splitting stone energy-gathering device is placed, the tip (2-1) of each splitting angle (2) and presplitting line (5) are located along the same line, again four stable axis (3) are inserted in stable axis lead ring (4), complete the placement that static state splits stone energy-gathering device;
3) pour into stone cracking agent slurries: in the main body casing (1) of the energy-gathering device placed, fill stone cracking agent slurries, wait for and split stone;
4) reclaim: after splitting stone and terminating, the static state of taking out in boring (6) splits stone energy-gathering device, carries out next circulation and splits stone use.
7. according to claim 6ly a kind ofly apply the method that static blasting energy-gathering device carries out explosion, it is characterized in that: in step 1), the aperture of boring (6) is 60mm.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105673015A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-15 | 三峡大学 | Stratified rock mass quarrying method based on static splitting |
| CN106767214A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-05-31 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of anti-spray orifice inventive method of static blasting |
| CN109115064A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-01 | 吕梁学院 | Large aperture high efficiency static explosion auxiliary directional device and its static blasting construction method |
| CN109579649A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of static crushing has the plug-hole sealing device of crackle guide function in the process |
| CN110512894A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-29 | 三峡大学 | A kind of Building demolition method using swelling agent self-expanding effect |
| CN110779408A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-11 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Synthesize cooling and directional static blasting device |
| CN111197949A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-26 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Superconducting magnetic repulsion rock static blasting device |
| CN112525029A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Nuclear island static blasting presplitting method |
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| CN109579649A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of static crushing has the plug-hole sealing device of crackle guide function in the process |
| CN110512894A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-29 | 三峡大学 | A kind of Building demolition method using swelling agent self-expanding effect |
| CN110512894B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-04-02 | 三峡大学 | Building demolition method utilizing self-expansion effect of expanding agent |
| CN110779408A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-11 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Synthesize cooling and directional static blasting device |
| CN111197949A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-26 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Superconducting magnetic repulsion rock static blasting device |
| CN111197949B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-08-19 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Superconducting magnetic repulsion rock static blasting device |
| CN112525029A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Nuclear island static blasting presplitting method |
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Effective date of registration: 20201224 Address after: Building 2, No. 3, Fuqian Road, Hailing District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Taizhou Haitong Asset Management Co.,Ltd. Address before: Unit 2414-2416, main building, no.371, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20201224 Address after: Unit 2414-2416, main building, no.371, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Address before: 443002 No. 8, University Road, Yichang, Hubei Patentee before: CHINA THREE GORGES University |
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