CN104776765B - A kind of static blasting energy-gathering device and blasting method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of static blasting energy-gathering device and blasting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104776765B CN104776765B CN201510171972.1A CN201510171972A CN104776765B CN 104776765 B CN104776765 B CN 104776765B CN 201510171972 A CN201510171972 A CN 201510171972A CN 104776765 B CN104776765 B CN 104776765B
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Abstract
A kind of static blasting energy-gathering device, this device includes being spelled, by two lobe circular arc steel forms, the main body casing formed, and is not connected with between two lobe circular arc steel forms, and the midpoint line of two lobe circular arc steel forms is vertical with presplitting line; Being equipped with splitting angle outside every lobe circular arc steel form, the tip at splitting angle is located along the same line with presplitting line. A kind of applying the method that static blasting energy-gathering device carries out explosion, the method comprises the following steps: 1) boring; 2) place static state and split stone energy-gathering device; 3) perfusion stone cracking agent serosity, waits and splits stone; 4) reclaim. Static blasting energy-gathering device provided by the invention and blasting method thereof, it is possible to solve the broken problems such as the time is longer, crushing medication is more, accelerate static crushing blasting time, reduce broken unit volume dosage, improve the crushing efficiency of static breaking agent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to explosion field, especially one static blasting energy-gathering device and blasting method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's building cause, the raising that living environment is required, static crushing, as the replacement blasting technique of explosive blasting, receives the concern of more and more people. The advantage of static blasting is safe and effective, and broken noiseless, without blasting flyrock, explosion is without dust, on Adjacent Buildings without impact, on surrounding substantially without impact. Therefore, in densely populated urban renewal engineering, around literate historic site needs engineering to be protected, and other is not easy under the environmental condition of explosive blasting have obvious advantage in concrete removal, rock and ore extraction engineering. Along with the Rapid Implementation of the quickening of China's Urbanization Progress, reconstruction of the old city town and Other Engineering, static crushing technology will have good development prospect.
Common static explosion, it is utilize the Static Blasting Agent (being mainly composed of calcium oxide) being contained in medium boring, calcium oxide becomes calcium hydroxide, its crystal structure changes, and can cause the expansion of crystal volume, makes cracking agent crystal modification, produce volumetric expansion, thus being applied to hole wall slowly, quietly by the bulbs of pressure (up to 30Mpa 50Mpa), reaching maximum through after a period of time, medium is crushed. This circular bore, make expansive force produced by static fracturing agents can act on hole wall uniformly, hole wall tiny crack distributed about will develop uniformly, be intended to split on direction thus causing that expansive force can not concentrate on, and the crack on presplitting line is also difficult to fast development.
Static Blasting Agent is with special silicate, calcium oxide for primary raw material, coordinates other organic and inorganic additives and the powdered substance made, and typical chemical equation is:
CaO+H2O→Ca(OH)2+6.5×104J
The principle of its crushing medium is exactly utilize the calcium oxide being contained in medium boring to become calcium hydroxide, its crystal structure changes, the expansion of crystal volume can be caused, make cracking agent crystal modification, produce volumetric expansion, thus being applied to hole wall slowly, quietly by the bulbs of pressure (up to 30Mpa 50Mpa), reaching maximum through after a period of time, medium is crushed.According to mensuration, under the premise of free wxpansion, reacted volume can increase by 3 to 4 times, and its surface area also increases nearly 100 times, simultaneously every mole of heat also discharging 6.5 × 104J. If it injected in big gun hole, this expansion is subject to the constraint of hole wall, and pressure can rise to 50Mpa, and medium can produce radial compression stress and tangential tensile stress under this pressure effect. This circular bore, make expansive force produced by static fracturing agents can act on hole wall uniformly, hole wall tiny crack distributed about will develop uniformly, be intended to split on direction thus causing that expansive force can not concentrate on, and the crack on presplitting line is also difficult to fast development.
Although static blasting has the lot of advantages of himself, but its limitation is also clearly, relative to explosive blasting, its broken time is longer, and unit volume crushing medication is more, to construction technology, ambient temperature requires higher, and these problems also counteracts that static crushing extensive use in engineering.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of static blasting energy-gathering device and blasting method thereof, the broken problems such as the time is longer, crushing medication is more can be solved, accelerate static crushing blasting time, reduce broken unit volume dosage, improve the crushing efficiency of static breaking agent.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of static blasting energy-gathering device,
This device includes being spelled, by two lobe circular arc steel forms, the main body casing formed, and is not connected with between two lobe circular arc steel forms, and the midpoint line of two lobe circular arc steel forms is vertical with presplitting line; Being equipped with splitting angle outside every lobe circular arc steel form, the tip at splitting angle is located along the same line with presplitting line;
Circular arc steel form two edge is each provided with stable spindle guide ring, stablizes and is placed with stable axle on spindle guide ring.
Main body casing is cylinder.
The angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 45 degree.
Stablizing spindle guide ring to be made up of two concentric arc plates, the center of circle of two arc plates overlaps with the center of circle stablizing axle.
Stablizing spindle guide Ring current distribution angle b is 80 degree.
A kind of applying the method that static blasting energy-gathering device carries out explosion, the method comprises the following steps:
1) boring: hole on the rock need static blasting;
2) place static state and split stone energy-gathering device: in the borehole, first place static state and split the main body casing of stone energy-gathering device, make the tip at each splitting angle and presplitting line be located along the same line, then four stablize axle insertion stablize in spindle guide ring, complete static state and split the placement of stone energy-gathering device;
3) perfusion stone cracking agent serosity: fill stone cracking agent serosity in the main body casing of the energy-gathering device placed, waits and splits stone;
4) reclaiming: after splitting stone and terminating, the static state taken out in boring splits stone energy-gathering device, carries out subsequent cycle and splits stone use.
Step 1) in, the aperture of boring is 60mm.
A kind of static blasting energy-gathering device provided by the invention and blasting method thereof, have the beneficial effect that:
1, two lobe circular arc steel forms are adopted to spell the main body casing of composition, circular arc steel form arranges the mode at splitting angle, each tip cleaving angle is located along the same line with presplitting line, when static(al) blasting agent produces expansive force, the steel form confined expansion power of arc-shaped is dispersed on the rock mass around hole wall, it is made to concentrate on steel form, expansive force is concentrated on the tip at each splitting angle by circular arc steel form again, so, stress will be produced at the tip at splitting angle to concentrate, the rock making the most advanced and sophisticated place at splitting angle cleaves rapidly, and other positions of hole wall strain peak value will strongly reduce, action time also can be greatly lowered, the broken time can be solved longer, the problems such as crushing medication is more, accelerate static crushing blasting time, reduce broken unit volume dosage, improve the crushing efficiency of static breaking agent.
2, it is different from common static explosion, stone cracking agent expansive force stepless action mode on drill hole inner wall, in the present invention, expansive force promotes static blasting energy-gathering device to two side shiftings, expansive force is concentrated on splitting angle, and rock is a kind of tensile strength material well below comprcssive strength, the concentrated stress therefore cleaving angle can rapidly by rock cleavage.
3, boring aperture is designed as 60mm, for in common static explosion 1.5 times of boring aperture (being generally 40mm), when overcoming common static explosion, holing the excessive whitewashing that is easily caused, less being accomplished by of holing reduces pitch of holes, the shortcoming of the density of enlarged hole, while hole diameter enlargement, both it had been not result in whitewashing, had reduced hole density, and also enhanced on the other hand and split stone effect.
4, stablize the setting of axle so that in expansion process, give main body casing supported on the one hand, make splitting angle accurately along presplitting line direction; Secondly, at main body casing because expanding in moving process, the rolling stablizing axle makes expansive force concentrate on splitting angle to greatest extent, enhances and splits stone effect.
5 rocks adopting explosion of the present invention, its expansive force is concentrated mainly near splitting angle, and the rock stress of other positions of borehole wall is only small, it is achieved the maximum likelihood that rock splits from presplitting line, substantially increases the quarrying lumber recovery of decoration rock.
6, the repeatable utilization of static blasting energy-gathering device, improves and splits stone efficiency, economical reliable.
7, cleaving the design that angle a is 45 degree of the tip at angle, ensure that the depth of splitting angle on the one hand, meanwhile, after wide-angle ensure that splitting, crack has certain width; It addition, effective stress is greatly increased, greatly strengthen the splitting effect to rock.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of static blasting energy-gathering device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the drawing that static blasting energy-gathering device of the present invention stablizes axle;
Fig. 3 is the top view of static blasting energy-gathering device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the placement schematic diagram of static blasting energy-gathering device in blasting method of the present invention;
When Fig. 5 is without splitting angle, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Fig. 6 is the angle a of tip at splitting angle when being 30 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Fig. 7 is the angle a of tip at splitting angle when being 45 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Fig. 8 is the angle a of tip at splitting angle when being 60 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Fig. 9 is the angle a of tip at splitting angle when being 90 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions;
Figure 10 is the stress changing curve figure drawn according to table 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
As Figure 1-Figure 4, a kind of static blasting energy-gathering device,
This device includes being spelled, by two lobe circular arc steel form 1-1, the main body casing 1 formed, and is not connected with between two lobe circular arc steel form 1-1, and the midpoint line of two lobe circular arc steel form 1-1 is vertical with presplitting line 5; Being equipped with splitting angle 2 outside every lobe circular arc steel form 1-1, the most advanced and sophisticated 2-1 at splitting angle 2 is located along the same line with presplitting line 5;
Circular arc steel form 1-1 two edge is each provided with stable spindle guide ring 4, stablizes and is placed with stable axle 3 on spindle guide ring 4;
The diameter stablizing axle 3 is 10mm, adopts steel or the bigger alloy material of intensity to make.
Main body casing 1 is cylinder, and its internal diameter is 36mm, and external diameter is 40mm, and axial length is 1000mm, it is possible to arranging according to the actual stone degree of depth of splitting in scene, the alloy material arranging axial length, employing steel or intensity bigger is made.
The angle a of tip at splitting angle is 45 degree, and the summit of most advanced and sophisticated 2-1 is 10mm to the distance L of closest approach outside main body casing 1 external diameter, cleaves angle 2 and adopts the indeformable alloy steel material of wear-resisting anti-extrusion to make.
Stablizing spindle guide ring 4 to be made up of two concentric arc plate 4-1, the center of circle of two arc plate 4-1 overlaps with the center of circle stablizing axle 3.
The central angle b stablizing spindle guide ring 4 is 80 degree, and the thickness stablizing spindle guide ring 4 is 0.5mm, adopts and is made from high grade steel, and stablizes and welds with main body casing 1 outside spindle guide ring 4, and its medial surface scribbles lubricating oil, with the frictional force reduced and stablize between axle 3.
Embodiment two
A kind of applying the method that static blasting energy-gathering device carries out explosion, the method comprises the following steps:
1) boring: hole 6 on the rock need static blasting;
2) place static state and split stone energy-gathering device: on stable spindle guide ring 4, coat a certain amount of lubricating oil in advance, in boring 6, first place static state and split the main body casing 1 of stone energy-gathering device, the most advanced and sophisticated 2-1 making each splitting angle 2 is located along the same line with presplitting line 5, stablize axle 3 again to insert four in stable spindle guide ring 4, complete static state and split the placement of stone energy-gathering device;
3) perfusion stone cracking agent serosity (for indication Static Blasting Agent in background technology): fill stone cracking agent serosity in the main body casing 1 of the energy-gathering device placed, waits and splits stone;
4) reclaiming: after splitting stone and terminating, the static state taken out in boring 6 splits stone energy-gathering device, carries out subsequent cycle and splits stone use.
In step 1, the aperture of boring 6 is 60mm.
The placement of static blasting energy-gathering device is as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment three
The test and Selection that angle a is 45 degree of the tip at splitting angle, process of the test is as follows:
Angle a is designed to the different number of degrees, when respectively 0 degree, 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree and 90 degree, adopts FEM software adina to be simulated splitting the top of the horn portion difference stress characteristic, to select optimum angle.
During without splitting angle, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions is as shown in Figure 5;
When the angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 30 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions is as shown in Figure 6;
When the angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 45 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions is as shown in Figure 7;
When the angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 60 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions is as shown in Figure 8;
When the angle a of the tip at splitting angle is 90 degree, splitting the top of the horn portion stressing conditions is as shown in Figure 9.
When table 1 below is angle a respectively 0 degree, 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree and 90 degree, the stressing conditions table in splitting the top of the horn portion.
Table 1
According to table 1 draw stress changing curve figure as shown in Figure 10,
From Fig. 6-Figure 10 it can be seen that
1, when angle a is 0 degree, effective stress distribution is comparatively uniform, splits in stone process, and crack can carry out along comparatively weak structural plane or other Weak points, and this Weak face can not just just on presplitting line, so expansive force can not effectively be utilized.
2, when angle a is not 0 degree, effective stress is concentrated mainly near splitting angle, and other position stress values are only small, and what this increased splitting the top of the horn end 2-1 on the one hand splits stone effect; On the other hand, in quarrying process, greatly reduce the destruction to rock, improve the rate of becoming a useful person.
3, from Figure 10, curve walks to look up, increase along with angle a angle, tip horizontal stress is gradually reduced, and vertical stress is there being angle a to be held essentially constant when not being 0 degree, effective stress increases with the increase of angle, but variable quantity is less, in cleaving process, to ensure the depth at splitting angle on the one hand, on the other hand, the drawing crack effect of vertical force need to be considered, and adopting splitting the top of the horn portion angle a is 45 degree, it is ensured that the depth of splitting angle, meanwhile, after wide-angle ensure that splitting, crack has certain width.
4, when angle a is 0 degree, the effective stress that borehole wall is subject to is 801214Pa, and cleaves the top of the horn portion angle a when being 45 °, and the effective stress that borehole wall is subject to is increased to 3400072Pa, increases 4.24 times, significantly increases the splitting effect to rock.
In sum, the optimization selection of angle a is 45 degree.
Claims (5)
1. a static blasting energy-gathering device, it is characterised in that:
This device includes being spelled, by two lobes circular arc steel form (1-1), the main body casing (1) formed, and is not connected with between two lobes circular arc steel form (1-1), and the midpoint line of two lobes circular arc steel form (1-1) is vertical with presplitting line (5); Every lobe circular arc steel form (1-1) is outside is equipped with splitting angle (2), and the tip (2-1) of splitting angle (2) and presplitting line (5) are located along the same line;
Circular arc steel form (1-1) two edge is each provided with stable spindle guide ring (4), stablizes and is placed with stable axle (3) on spindle guide ring (4); Stablizing spindle guide ring (4) to be made up of two concentric arc plates (4-1), the center of circle of two arc plates (4-1) overlaps with the center of circle of stable axle (3);
The central angle b stablizing spindle guide ring (4) is 80 degree, stablizes spindle guide ring (4) outside and welds with main body casing (1), and its medial surface scribbles lubricating oil, with the frictional force reduced and stablize between axle (3).
2. static blasting energy-gathering device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: main body casing (1) is cylinder.
3. static blasting energy-gathering device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the angle a of the tip of splitting angle (2) is 45 degree.
4. the method that a kind of static blasting energy-gathering device applied described in claim 1 carries out explosion, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) boring: hole (6) on the rock need static blasting;
2) place static state and split stone energy-gathering device: in boring (6), first place static state and split the main body casing (1) of stone energy-gathering device, the tip (2-1) making each splitting angle (2) is located along the same line with presplitting line (5), stablize axle (3) insertion again to stablize four in spindle guide ring (4), complete static state and split the placement of stone energy-gathering device;
3) perfusion stone cracking agent serosity: fill stone cracking agent serosity in the main body casing (1) of the energy-gathering device placed, waits and splits stone;
4) reclaiming: after splitting stone and terminating, the static state taken out in boring (6) splits stone energy-gathering device, carries out subsequent cycle and splits stone use.
5. the method that a kind of a kind of static blasting energy-gathering device applied described in claim 1 according to claim 4 carries out explosion, it is characterised in that: in step 1), the aperture of boring (6) is 60mm.
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| CN105673015B (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-10-27 | 三峡大学 | A kind of beded rock mass quarrying method based on static state splitting |
| CN106767214B (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2019-02-15 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of anti-spray orifice inventive method of static blasting |
| CN109115064B (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2023-09-19 | 吕梁学院 | Large-aperture efficient static blasting auxiliary orientation device and static blasting construction method thereof |
| CN109579649B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-06-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hole plugging sealing device with crack guiding function in static crushing process |
| CN110512894B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-04-02 | 三峡大学 | Building demolition method utilizing self-expansion effect of expanding agent |
| CN110779408A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-11 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Synthesize cooling and directional static blasting device |
| CN111197949B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-08-19 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Superconducting magnetic repulsion rock static blasting device |
| CN112525029A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Nuclear island static blasting presplitting method |
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| CN1040654A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1990-03-21 | 戈尔培-阿尔泰斯克机械研究院 | The generating means of directive force |
| CN1048427A (en) * | 1989-06-24 | 1991-01-09 | 中央冶金建筑托拉斯 | The device of directional destorying entire sturdy objects |
| CN2084980U (en) * | 1990-12-29 | 1991-09-18 | 顾孟寒 | Hydraulic static expander |
| CN2175828Y (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1994-08-31 | 曲来印 | Tension splitter for mining stone material |
| SE531266C2 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2009-02-03 | Emstone Ab | Expansion device for directed wedge-shaped cracking of stone, rock, concrete or similar material |
| CN201358788Y (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2009-12-09 | 朱殿才 | Expansion cracking device |
| CN101519965B (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2011-01-19 | 黄晓东 | Method and device for exploiting stone |
| WO2013141775A1 (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-26 | Emstone Ab | Method for breaking solid materials |
| CN204535580U (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-08-05 | 三峡大学 | A kind of static blasting energy-gathering device |
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Effective date of registration: 20201224 Address after: Building 2, No. 3, Fuqian Road, Hailing District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Taizhou Haitong Asset Management Co.,Ltd. Address before: Unit 2414-2416, main building, no.371, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20201224 Address after: Unit 2414-2416, main building, no.371, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Address before: 443002 No. 8, University Road, Yichang, Hubei Patentee before: CHINA THREE GORGES University |
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