CN104768371A - 热焊接系统和方法 - Google Patents

热焊接系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104768371A
CN104768371A CN201380035906.0A CN201380035906A CN104768371A CN 104768371 A CN104768371 A CN 104768371A CN 201380035906 A CN201380035906 A CN 201380035906A CN 104768371 A CN104768371 A CN 104768371A
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China
Prior art keywords
covering
bonding apparatus
thermal weld
thermosonic bonding
heating element
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CN201380035906.0A
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CN104768371B (zh
Inventor
安东尼奥·卡莉拉·阿龙纳斯
艾米里奥·罗斯·加里奥·桑切斯
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Elder Brother Luo Kuimei Cowes-De Laiwante Co
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Elder Brother Luo Kuimei Cowes-De Laiwante Co
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/0076—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised in that the layers are not bonded on the totality of their surfaces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B76/00—Parts, details or accessories of agricultural machines or implements, not provided for in groups A01B51/00 - A01B75/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/435—Making large sheets by joining smaller ones or strips together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B29C66/81465—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint one placed behind the other in a single row in the feed direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B29C66/81469—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint one placed next to the other in a single line transverse to the feed direction, e.g. shoulder to shoulder sonotrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8163—Self-aligning to the joining plane, e.g. mounted on a ball and socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8182—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8221—Scissor or lever mechanisms, i.e. involving a pivot point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B29C66/8362—Rollers, cylinders or drums moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/865—Independently movable welding apparatus, e.g. on wheels
    • B29C66/8652—Independently movable welding apparatus, e.g. on wheels being pushed by hand or being self-propelling
    • B29C66/86521—Independently movable welding apparatus, e.g. on wheels being pushed by hand or being self-propelling being self-propelling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/0046—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by constructional aspects of the apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
    • B32B37/20—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of continuous webs only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0004—Cutting, tearing or severing, e.g. bursting; Cutter details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1062—Prior to assembly
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种热焊接系统，包括：用于分配覆盖物的分配器；至少一个具有连接装置(4)的结构(1)，所述连接装置允许将所述结构连接到牵引车辆。所述结构(1)包括至少一个允许将相邻的覆盖物(17)的重叠纵向边缘互相粘结起来的热焊接装置(3)，并且具有连接装置(4)，该连接装置(4)允许将该焊接装置(3)连接到该结构(1)。本发明同时涉及该热焊接系统的使用，其包括如下步骤：(i)将用于制备设置在连接到牵引车辆上的结构上的田地的装置展开；(ii)在一个方向上启动所述车辆并且开动所述系统；(iii)从一侧退回阶段(i)中的装置，并且在该侧边上展开热焊接装置(3)；(iv)在与阶段(ii)中的方向相反的方向上开动所述系统；(v)重复阶段(iii)和(iv)，根据需要尽可能多次在两侧添入装置。

Description

热焊接系统和方法
【发明目的】
本发明涉及用于塑料织物或覆盖物的热焊接系统，塑料织物或覆盖物尤其是应用于农业部门，并且更具体地应用于那些农田，这些农田在经历熏烟消毒处理后通过塑料覆盖物而被密封，以便消灭寄生动物、真菌及细菌，进而寻求将后续田地耕种优化到最大程度的趋势。
更具体地，所述热焊接系统主要由热焊接装置组成，该装置集成到由农业机械或车辆拉动的结构内，所述农业机械或车辆的类型为：其结合有成卷的密封装置，用于借助聚合覆盖物将地面密封起来，所述聚合覆盖物铺设在田地上，并且允许将气体或熏蒸物质限制在该聚合膜与田地的用于土壤消毒的部位之间，从而使得田地的该部位被密封，并且阻止了熏蒸物质的传播，进而允许延长其在田地上的施加阶段，增加了其效能，并且阻止了物质向外泄露，这样当农业车辆工作时并且在其行进方向上，减小或避免了环境污染。
【发明背景】
当前，农业部门中其中一个令人讨厌的难题是：覆盖一块田地时出现的低效率，该块田地被熏烟消毒处理，并且覆盖物如上文提及的覆盖物覆盖该块田地，由于现有的车辆没有集成允许对相邻覆盖物的纵向边缘进行可靠密封的热焊接装置，因此具有熏蒸物质泄漏到环境中的危险。
属于相同申请人的专利申请文献ES2008798(A6)描述了铺设上述类型的覆盖物的当前技术，其由解开的覆盖物及车辆组成。所述车辆没有包括热焊接装置，因此引起了上述问题。
在一些其它情况下，用于将覆盖物解开的系统与设置在车辆内的机械化的粘结装置配合，但是该粘结装置涉及胶水等，由于田地的不规则性及突出，覆盖物在多个点位剥落，进而增加了环境污染的危险，并且进而不得不让大量操作员最终手工介入来解决胶水不足的问题，因而招致运行成本增加，而不会提供有效且集成的系统。
因此，根据上文的描述，现有技术中目前已知的发明执行本发明目的中的功能，但是以不太可靠及不太全面的方式执行，因为其除了具有密封不足可能引起的环境污染、需要采用执行粘结的非自然位置引起的操作员健康受到危害、增加了执行目标操作的时间及需要执行需要严格监管的相当不可靠的人工劳动所引起的成本增加的缺陷外，还无法在单个步骤中执行在一块田地上铺设和密封或解开覆盖物的功能。
【发明描述】
本发明涉及热焊接系统，其克服了上述缺陷，由于其具有由框架或底架组成的结构，该框架或底架可以连接到牵引车辆比如农业车辆或拖拉机上，从而当将熏蒸物质施加于地面并且随着车辆的移动而将覆盖物展开、从卷轴上解开并且逐渐放置在该田地时，其允许执行对叠加在已经放置上去的另一个侧边上的覆盖物的其中一个侧边进行密封，以便借助热焊接而进行密封，而放置在田地上但未与已经放置的覆盖物的任何其他部位接触的其他侧边则逐渐安置在田地内，这样就方便叠加将要放置的覆盖物的下一个部位的另一个侧边，因此提供了开展整个活动的能力：准备用于消毒的田地、当牵引车辆运行时在单个步骤中展开及密封覆盖物，而不需要操作员额外的动作来执行乏味的手工劳动，因此大大减小了运行时间、运行成本、剥落危险，增加了所追求效果的持久性，并且减小或完全避免了环境污染。
特别地，系统优选地包括：用于分配覆盖物的分配器，其允许在相邻覆盖物之间重叠放置覆盖物；及至少一个具有连接装置的结构，该连接装置允许将该结构连接到牵引车辆，所述结构包括至少一个允许将相邻的覆盖物的重叠纵向边缘互相粘结起来的热焊接装置及连接装置，该连接装置允许将该焊接装置连接到该装置。
可以构思出具有两个热焊接装置的热焊接系统的可能性，在此，第一热焊接装置位于结构的第一外部内，第二热焊接装置则位于结构的第二外部内，从而允许借助其中一个侧边进行热焊接，而结构的另一个侧边则放置覆盖物上将与相接的覆盖物的另一个侧边重叠的侧边。
可以构思出的热焊接装置的一种可能性是：每个装置包括：至少一个加热元件，该加热元件对来自风扇的空气加热，并且对热气流加热、施加或分布到重叠部位；滚动装置，其适于在重叠的覆盖物的纵向边缘或侧边上滚动；及借以让来自风扇的空气流通的空气传导装置。
可以构思出的结构的一种可能性是：结构包括：用于容纳聚合覆盖物边缘的沟槽开口装置；用于将覆盖物的纵向边缘插入到沟槽开口内的插入装置；用于将特定量的土壤覆盖在侧边上以便将覆盖物的侧边保持原位的返回装置；用于夯实土壤以便让土壤与热焊接装置对齐进而改善密封的夯实装置；及允许移除及放置必要数量的聚合覆盖物的涂设装置。
可以构思出这样的可能性：至少两个加热元件与滚动装置的下表面分开放置，在此，该下表面与地面接触，从而维持用于焊接的热源之间的优化距离及与在地面上延伸的覆盖物之间的距离。
可以构思出这样的可能性：设置在热焊接装置内的加热元件包括相应的高度调节装置，其允许根据其上将执行运行的田地的构造比如砂质或粘质田地来调节其高度。
可以构思出这样的可能性：热焊接装置包括高度调平装置，用于相对于所述结构调平其组件高度，优选地高度调平装置由液压臂组成。
可以构思出这样的可能性：结构包括至少一个与至少一个加热元件连接的通风装置，从而允许将空气引导至所述加热元件。优选地利用牵引车辆本身的电动元件产生能量，对风扇供电，使得风扇将空气分布到加热元件，所述加热元件将热气流施加到覆盖物纵向边缘的重叠部位。
可以构思出这样的可能性：至少一个热焊接装置包括隔离装置，其允许当对覆盖物进行热焊接时，防止热空气泄漏出去，且这些隔离装置位于存在于至少一个热焊接装置的每一个的滚动装置之间的空间内。
可以构思出这样的可能性：涂设装置包括一卷聚合材料覆盖物，其允许当系统朝前移动时解开聚合覆盖物。
可以构思出这样的可能性：沟槽开口装置、返回装置及插入装置包括摆动装置，以便相对于结构摆动，其允许根据情形基于舒适度而让这些元件失效，进而更替车辆的外侧边。
可以构思出这样的可能性：至少一个热焊接装置包括侧边摆动或退回装置，用于相对于结构摆动或退回，侧边摆动或退回装置优选地由铰链组成，其能够让其侧边移动到动作半径之外，以便对覆盖物的边缘进行密封。
可以构思出这样的可能性：沟槽开口装置和返回装置均在其至少一个端部具有碟形截面，比如平截面，其允许执行功能，且截面与车辆运动方向之间具有一定角度，从而产生“刀片效果”。
可以构思出这样的可能性：热焊接装置的至少一个加热元件的每一个均与至少一个枢转装置连接，其允许在热焊接过程中补偿田地的不规则性。
本发明的第二方面涉及热焊接方法，借助该方法，可以对在地面上延伸的覆盖物进行密封，该方法优选地包括以下步骤：
(i)展开沟槽开口装置、允许将覆盖物的边缘插入沟槽内的插入装置及与用于在地面上制备第一覆盖物的系统的第一和第二侧边对应的返回装置，并且将设置在涂设装置内的该第一覆盖物解开；
(ii)启动在一个方向上拉动系统的牵引车辆，并且开动在作用于田地的前一个阶段描述的系统、沟槽开口装置、插入装置、返回装置及涂设装置；
(iii)在通过阶段(i)、(ii)而将地面的第一通和第一部位覆盖上在地面上适当延伸的覆盖物之后，停止车辆移动，阶段(i)中位于系统的第一侧边上的装置(除了涂设装置)退回，并且展开位于该第一侧边上的包括加热元件的热焊接装置，让第二侧边的沟槽开口装置、插入装置和返回装置保持展开；
(iv)打开牵引车辆，将行进方向改变成与阶段(ii)中指示的方向相反，让第二覆盖物靠近第一覆盖物延伸，且两个覆盖物的纵向边缘互相重叠，且阶段(iii)中描述的热焊接装置作用于这些覆盖物，同时沟槽开口装置、用于插入边缘的插入装置及返回装置作用于该第二覆盖物的相反的纵向边缘上，从而留下了在田地上制备的纵向边缘；
(v)根据需要多次重复阶段(iii)和(iv)，以便在地面上延伸并且制备覆盖物，根据地面延伸的需求而粘结或密封尽可能多的相邻覆盖物(17)的纵向边缘，添入热焊接装置的退回和展开，及添入用于在设置在系统的第一和第二侧边上的田地上制备覆盖物的装置的退回和展开。
可以构思出这样的可能性：借以将覆盖物粘结、焊接或密封在地面上的热焊接方法包括启动从步骤(iii)和(iv)中选择的热焊接装置相反侧边上设置的热焊接装置。
可以构思出这样的可能性：借以将覆盖物粘结、焊接或密封在地面上的热焊接方法包括：在步骤(iii)、(iv)或(v)中通过风扇馈送热焊接装置内存在的加热元件的步骤。
因此，根据上述发明，本发明中提出的系统为目前地面密封系统的改进，并且以完全令人满意的方式解决了上述问题，其取代了使用要求复杂和相当低效和冒险的方法的机械好车辆，而是以简单方式实现，且由于工艺优化和效率的原因而降低了后续成本，虽然该设计简单，但其使用容易且不需要受过训练的操作员技巧。
【附图说明】
为了补充描述及为了更好地理解根据本发明优选实施例的发明特征，附上一组附图作为该描述的组成部分，在此，以解释性和非限制性方式展示了以下内容：
图1展示了完整的热焊接系统的概略图，在图中，该结构连接到牵引车辆，而热焊接装置连接到该结构，在此可以看到将覆盖物放置到田地的部分运行。
图2展示了两个热焊接装置的其中一个的主视图。
图3展示了两个热焊接装置的其中一个的立体图，在此，可以看到装置附接到主结构上。
图4展示了沟槽开口装置、返回装置及位于退回位置的插入装置的详图。
图5展示了热焊接装置的下部的视图，在此，可以看到用于进行热焊接的加热元件的空气出口开口的位置。
图6展示了涂设装置的详图。
【发明的优选实施例】
考虑到所描述的附图，可以看出：如图1所示，在本发明的其中一个可能的实施例中，热焊接系统主要由三个确定的部分形成，即，结构(1)，其借助连接装置(图未示)优选地为与销钉配合的平杆而连接到牵引车辆，优选地为具有移动装置(2)的拖拉机，移动装置(2)优选地为车轮，其负责拉动结构(1)并且在需要覆盖或密封覆盖物(17)的田地上移动该结构(1)；及最后的两个密封装置(3a和3b)，其优选地位于车辆外侧边。
图2和图3展示了热焊接装置(3)借助可调节装配结构(4)而连接到主结构(1)上。图2同时展示了热焊接装置(3)，其优选地为支撑于多个辊子装置(6)上的纵长支撑件，辊子装置(6)优选地为三个圆柱轮，且圆柱轮优选地由软材料制成，以便在通过覆盖物上方时不会导致覆盖物(17)破裂，并且具有能够承受数量级为600-800C的温度的能力，并且热焊接装置(3)优选地包括两个加热元件(5)，因为车辆优选地以大约2-4km/h的速度循环，因此防止了空气损耗。该装置(3)进一步包括两个枢转装置(15)，其优选地为以居中方式位于中心支撑件上的垂直纵向圆柱部件。
两个空气加热元件(5)优选地靠近装置基部设置，并且优选地包括高度调节装置(14)。
此外，装置还包括传导装置(17)，所述传导装置(17)为管体，所述管体从通风装置(优选地为风扇(图未示))引导空气。
结构(1)的下部包括夯实装置(9)，优选地为与热焊接装置(3)对齐的夯实圆柱，从图2可以看出，其由两个棒状物固持。
图4展示了优选地为圆盘的沟槽开口装置(10)，优选地为轮子且用于将覆盖物(17)的边缘插入沟槽内的插入装置(8)，以及返回装置(16)，用于将土壤回送(returning)到沟槽上，并且回送到覆盖物(17)的边缘上，以便将覆盖物朝下固持在田地上。另外，插入装置(8)、沟槽开口装置(10)及返回装置(16)也优选地具有摆动装置(12)，优选地通过螺栓或螺钉实现。
图5也展示了装置(3)的下部，该部位优选地连接有隔离装置(13)，隔离装置(13)优选地为由阻燃元件或织物制成的流体隔离装置，用于当对覆盖物(17)热焊接时防止热空气外泄。另外，可以从附图看出：用于来自加热元件(5)的空气出口开口与轮(15)的下表面之间隔开一定距离，从而形成了特定间隙，优选地为从地面开始的10-30毫米，以便优化执行热焊接。
最后，图6展示了涂设最终(11)的详图，涂设最终(11)优选地为通过钩子固持在结构(1)的两个外侧面上的纵长辊子，其将优选地为聚合覆盖物的覆盖物(17)缠绕在卷轴上。

Claims (17)

1.一种热焊接系统，包括：分配器，其用于将覆盖物(17)分配到田地上，并且允许在相邻覆盖物之间重叠放置覆盖物(17)，其特征在于：其包括至少一个具有连接装置的结构(1)，所述连接装置允许将所述结构连接到牵引车辆，所述结构(1)包括至少一个允许将相邻的覆盖物(17)的重叠纵向边缘互相粘结起来的热焊接装置(3a，3b)，并且具有连接装置(4)，该连接装置(4)允许将该焊接装置(3a，3b)连接到该结构(1)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述结构(1)包括：沟槽开口装置(10)、返回装置(16)、夯实装置(9)、插入装置(8)及涂设装置(11)。
3.根据前述任何一项权利要求所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：该系统包括两个热焊接装置(3a，3b)，其中，第一热焊接装置(3a)位于所述结构(1)的第一外部内，第二热焊接装置位于所述结构(1)的第二外部内。
4.根据前述任何一项权利要求所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述热焊接装置(3a，3b)中的每一个包括至少一个高度调平装置和相对于所述结构(1)的侧向移动装置。
5.根据前述任何一项权利要求所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：至少一个热焊接装置(3a，3b)中的每一个包括至少一个加热元件(5)，多个辊子装置(6)及空气传导装置(7).
6.根据权利要求5所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述至少两个加热元件(5)与所述辊子装置(6)的下表面分开，该下表面与所述地面接触。
7.根据权利要求5或6中任何一项所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述至少两个加热元件(5)中的每一个包括至少一个高度调节装置。
8.根据权利要求5-7中任何一项所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述热焊接装置(3a，3b)的至少一个加热元件(5)的每一个包括至少一个枢转装置(15)。
9.根据权利要求5-8中任何一项所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述结构(1)包括与所述至少一个加热元件(5)连接的至少一个通风装置。
10.根据前述任何一项权利要求所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：至少一个热焊接装置(3a，3b)中的每一个包括隔离装置(13)。
11.根据前述任何一项权利要求所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述隔离装置(13)位于一个空间内，所述空间位于所述至少一个热焊接装置(3a，3b)中的每一个的辊子装置(6)之间。
12.根据权利要求2-11中任何一项所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述涂设装置(11)包括一卷聚合材料覆盖物(17)。
13.根据权利要求2-12中任何一项所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述沟槽开口装置(10)、返回装置(16)、插入装置(8)及所述至少一个热焊接装置(3a，3b)包括摆动装置(12)。
14.根据权利要求2-13中任何一项所述的热焊接系统，其特征在于：所述沟槽开口装置(10)和所述返回装置(16)中的每一个均在其至少一个端部具有碟形截面。
15.一种热焊接方法，其特征在于包括步骤：
(i)展开沟槽开口装置(10)、允许将所述覆盖物(17)的边缘插入所述沟槽内的插入装置(8)及与用于在地面上制备第一覆盖物(17)的系统的第一和第二侧边对应的返回装置(16)，并且将设置在涂设装置(11)内的该第一覆盖物(17)解开；
(ii)启动在一个方向上拉动所述系统的牵引车辆，并且在前一阶段描述的开动田地上的所述系统、所述沟槽开口装置(10)、所述插入装置(8)、所述返回装置(16)及所述涂设装置(11)；
(iii)在通过阶段(i)、(ii)而将地面的第一通和第一部位覆盖上在地面上适当延伸的覆盖物(17)之后，停止车辆移动，阶段(i)中位于系统的第一侧边上的除了涂设装置(11)之外的装置退回，并且展开位于该第一侧边上的包括加热元件(5)的热焊接装置(3)，让所述第二侧边的沟槽开口装置(10)、插入装置(8)和返回装置(16)保持展开；
(iv)打开所述牵引车辆，将行进方向改变成与阶段(ii)中指示的方向相反，让第二覆盖物(17)靠近第一覆盖物延伸，且两个覆盖物(17)的纵向边缘互相重叠，且在阶段(iii)中描述的热焊接装置(3)作用于这些覆盖物，同时沟槽开口装置(10)、用于插入边缘的插入装置(8)及返回装置(16)作用于该第二覆盖物(17)的相反的纵向边缘上，从而留下了在田地上制备的纵向边缘；
(v)根据需要多次重复阶段(iii)和(iv)，以便在地面上延伸并且制备覆盖物(17)，根据地面延伸的需求而粘结或密封尽可能多的相邻覆盖物(17)的纵向边缘，添入热焊接装置(3)的退回和展开，及添入用于在设置在系统的第一和第二侧边上的田地上制备覆盖物(17)的装置的退回和展开。
16.根据前述任何一项权利要求所述的热焊接方法，其特征在于：步骤(v)包括启动从步骤(iii)和(iv)中选择的热焊接装置(3)的相反侧边上设置的热焊接装置(3)。
17.根据权利要求15-16中任何一项所述的热焊接方法，其特征在于：步骤(iii)、(iv)或(v)中通过风扇馈送热焊接装置中存在的加热元件(5)的步骤。
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