CN104765160B - A kind of light beam bearing calibration system and calibration method - Google Patents

A kind of light beam bearing calibration system and calibration method Download PDF

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CN104765160B
CN104765160B CN201510218382.XA CN201510218382A CN104765160B CN 104765160 B CN104765160 B CN 104765160B CN 201510218382 A CN201510218382 A CN 201510218382A CN 104765160 B CN104765160 B CN 104765160B
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optical
light
offset
mirror
optical lens
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CN104765160A (en
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陈志峰
欧叙文
贺巍威
黎达宇
钟永贤
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Guangdong Tianshi Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of light beam bearing calibration system, including the first optical frames, the second optical frames, the 3rd optical frames, the 4th optical frames and wedge, light beam is successively by after the reflection of the first optical frames and the second optical frames, pass through from above or below the 4th optical frames, and wedge is incident upon from the 3rd optical frames below or above after being reflected via the 3rd optical frames and the 4th optical frames, two reflecting surfaces of the wedge favour incident beam direction;Including two optical pickup apparatus, for receiving through the light beam after two reflecting surfaces reflection of wedge;Second optical frames and the 4th optical frames are adjustable optical mirror.The invention also discloses the calibration method of above-mentioned calibration system.Light beam alignment system of the invention and calibration method have the automatic real time calibration function in light beam orientation, can be used as the front-end system of various laser accurate application systems.The state of normal work light path is able to record that using the system, realizes that quick accurate light path is recovered.

Description

Light beam direction calibration system and calibration method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectricity, and particularly relates to a light beam azimuth calibration system and a calibration method thereof.
Background
In the application field of laser technology, such as free space optical communication, laser precision measurement, laser biomedicine and other application fields, the method has higher requirements on the direction and the orientation stability of the laser beam.
For precision laser applications, the laser beam always experiences slight azimuthal shifts, including angular shifts and parallel shifts, due to temperature distortion of the laser cavity, instability of optical components in the transmission path, and various environmental perturbation factors. When the offset is large, the operation stability of the subsequent system is seriously affected.
In addition, in actual work, the optical path of the optical system needs to be restored in the changed working environment, and for a large-scale optical system, the precise optical path restoration work is very time-consuming and labor-consuming.
How to effectively calibrate an optical system conveniently, quickly and accurately is always a focus and hot point of research in the field of laser technology application or the field of optical-electromechanical technology. In the existing technical scheme of light beam orientation calibration, precision and convenience cannot be achieved at the same time, although a complex optical system is precise, the calibration or recovery of a light path cannot be performed quickly and conveniently, and the general cost is high; although the latter is considered, the simple optical system is often not accurate enough, and the existing scheme greatly restricts the application of the laser in the field with the requirement of precise pointing.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the above problems and providing a new system and method for calibrating a light beam.
One of the technical schemes adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a light beam azimuth calibration system comprises a first optical mirror, a second optical mirror, a third optical mirror, a fourth optical mirror and an optical wedge, wherein light beams pass through the upper part or the lower part of the fourth optical mirror after being reflected by the first optical mirror and the second optical mirror in sequence, and are reflected by the third optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror to be emitted to the optical wedge from the lower part or the upper part of the third optical mirror, and two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge are inclined to the direction of incident light beams; the optical wedge comprises two light receiving devices which are respectively used for receiving light beams reflected by two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge; the second optical lens is an adjustable optical lens, can perform reciprocating translation along the direction of a light beam incident on the second optical lens and can rotate in a horizontal plane; the fourth optical lens is an adjustable optical lens, can perform reciprocating translation along the direction of a light beam which exits the fourth optical lens, and can rotate in a vertical plane.
The meaning of the "azimuth" calibration in the present invention is that, assuming that the transmitted light needs to pass through the diaphragms D1 and D2 and finally enters the subsequent working system, the straight line determined by the diaphragms D1 and D2 is the direction of the specific target that we need to correct, which is different from the general geometric direction definition without position requirement in the prior art.
In a further improvement, the optical system further comprises a controller for respectively controlling the movement of the second optical lens and the fourth optical lens; the second optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror are respectively connected with a rotating motor and an electric control translation table, and the controller controls the second reflecting mirror and the fourth reflecting mirror to move by driving the rotating motor and the electric control translation table.
In a further improvement, the controller is connected with two light receiving devices, the light receiving devices are used for monitoring the light spot center deviation information of the light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge and transmitting the light spot center deviation information to the controller, and the controller automatically adjusts the second optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror according to the light spot center deviation information so as to calibrate the emergent direction of the light beams.
In a further improvement, the first, second, third and fourth optical mirrors are mirrors, and other similar optical mirror devices capable of changing the optical propagation direction are also possible.
In a further refinement, the first and third optical mirrors are fixedly arranged.
In a further refinement, the direction of the light beam exiting the calibration system is parallel to the direction of the light beam entering the calibration system.
In a further improvement, the light receiving device is a light blocking screen, an area array photoelectric detector, a four-quadrant detector or a display with a light signal receiving end.
In a further improvement, the light receiving device is a light blocking screen, an area array photodetector or a display with a light signal receiving end, such as a CMOS camera. The light receiving device is provided with a receiving area divided into 4 quadrants of an orthogonal coordinate system, and the origin position of the coordinate system is the central coordinate position. Different light receiving devices may be used for different calibration scenarios.
In a further improvement, the second optical lens and the third optical lens are located on the same operation plane, and the fourth optical lens is lower than the second optical lens and the third optical lens.
In a further improvement, the translation stage is a high-precision electric control translation stage; the rotating motor is a high-precision stepping motor.
The system is further improved by comprising an upper computer such as a PC (personal computer) and the like, wherein the upper computer is connected with the controller and is used for visual communication control, interface operation or auxiliary light spot image denoising and offset calculation.
The second technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a method for beam azimuth calibration, comprising a first optic, a second optic, a third optic, a fourth optic, an optical wedge, a light receiving device and a controller, the method comprising the steps of:
A. firstly, manually adjusting a second optical lens and a fourth optical lens to enable light beams to accurately pass through two diaphragms, wherein the light spot central position of light reflected by an optical wedge detected by a light receiving device is an initial light spot central position;
B. the light beams are reflected by the first optical mirror and the second optical mirror in sequence, pass through the upper part or the lower part of the fourth optical mirror, are reflected by the third optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror, and then are emitted to the optical wedge from the lower part or the upper part of the third optical mirror, and the light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge are received by the light receiving device;
C. the light receiving device detects the offset information of the light spot center of the received light beam in real time and transmits the offset information to the controller;
D. the controller controls the second optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror to translate or rotate according to the offset information so as to change the light spot center offset positions of light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge;
the two light receiving devices are respectively used for detecting the deviation information of the light spot centers of the light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge, and the distances between the two light receiving devices and the reflecting point of the optical wedge are different.
In a further improvement, the second optical lens and the fourth optical lens are controlled to rotate, so that the deviation information detected by the two light receiving devices tends to be the same, and the deviation amount of the light spot center is reduced; the second optical lens is controlled to translate, so that the offset position of the center of the light spot in the horizontal direction can be changed; and controlling the fourth optical lens to translate, so that the offset position of the center of the light spot in the vertical direction can be changed.
In a further improvement, the light receiving device is an area array photodetector, the controller calculates the offset of the center of the light spot according to the light intensity distribution information of the light spot detected by the light receiving device, and automatically controls the second optical lens and the fourth optical lens according to the offset to calibrate the emergent direction of the light beam.
In a further improvement, the calculation method of the offset magnitude includes one or both of the following two calculation methods:
the first calculation method and the fast positioning algorithm are as follows:
wherein, Deltax and Delay are the offset of the light spot center on X and Y coordinates, S、S、S、SAreas of the light spot center falling on four quadrants divided by the photosensitive surface of the detector are obtained by summing intensity values of the four quadrants respectively; k is a constant coefficient;
a second calculation method and an accurate positioning algorithm:
wherein,i.e. the calculated central coordinate value of the light spot, I (x)i,yi) The intensity, x, obtained for the ith pixel element on the photosensitive surface of the detectori、yiCoordinate value of ith pixel element;
when the fast positioning algorithm and the accurate positioning algorithm are jointly included, the two calculation methods can be freely switched to use.
In a further improvement, before the offset is calculated by the accurate positioning algorithm, the light spot image information detected by the light receiving device is denoised.
The third technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a calibration method for the above calibration system, comprising the steps of:
a. the two light receiving devices respectively monitor the light spot deviation information of light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge in real time, the light spot deviation information is obtained by calculating the center coordinates of the light spots and the initial center coordinates, and the angle deviation amounts of the light beams in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are calculated in real time by using the light spot deviation information and the optical path difference of the two light receiving devices;
b. controlling the second optical mirror and/or the fourth optical mirror to rotate, and reducing the angle offset of the light beam;
c. the steps a and b are circulated, so that the angle offset is continuously reduced to the minimum or is lower than the error tolerance;
d. calculating the transverse offset of the light beam in the horizontal direction and the vertical offset of the light beam in the vertical direction in real time by using the central coordinate of the light spot and the initial central coordinate;
e. adjusting the second optical lens and/or the fourth optical lens to translate, and reducing the transverse and vertical offset of the light beam;
f. and d, repeating the steps d and e, and reducing the transverse offset and the vertical offset to the minimum or lower than the error tolerance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a novel optical path calibration scheme, which is different from other existing light beam direction correction or alignment (single target) technologies, and adopts a double-target optical path calibration based on a rotating mirror translation method.
2. Because the sensitive angle deflection quantity is converted into insensitive translation quantity, the adjustment precision ratio is obviously improved by only using the method of rotating the mirror on the premise of using the same device. Therefore, the system has simple calibration light path, can achieve very high accuracy for single-target alignment application, and can make up the deficiency of angle adjustment accuracy of a common rotating motor to a certain extent by a translation method for azimuth offset correction (double-target) application.
3. The optical wedge is introduced into the light beam calibration idea, and for the initially determined light beam orientation, the light spot center positions of light reflected by two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge recorded by two light receiving devices can uniquely reflect the orientation of the light beam (two points determine a straight line). If the incident beam direction is deviated, the light spot centers on the two detectors are also correspondingly deviated.
4. The invention has the function of automatic real-time calibration of beam direction and can be used as a front-end system of various laser precision application systems. The system can record the state of a normal working light path and realize rapid and accurate light path recovery.
5. The invention has a plurality of light beam correction algorithms, namely a quick positioning algorithm and an accurate positioning algorithm, wherein the quick positioning algorithm is faster than the accurate positioning algorithm, and the accurate positioning algorithm is faster than the accurate positioning algorithm, so that the calibration speed is lower than the accurate positioning algorithm, and the light beam correction algorithm can be switched and used conveniently according to different occasion requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a structural connection of one embodiment of a beam orientation calibration system of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a side view of the positional relationship of the optical mirrors according to the embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is an exemplary image of a light spot received by a light receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 4 is another exemplary image of a light spot received by a light receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the light beam azimuth calibration system comprises a first optical mirror, a second optical mirror, a third optical mirror, a fourth optical mirror and an optical wedge, wherein a light beam passes through the fourth optical mirror from the upper part or the lower part after being reflected by the first optical mirror and the second optical mirror in sequence, and is reflected by the third optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror to be emitted to the optical wedge from the lower part or the upper part of the third optical mirror, and two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge are inclined to the direction of an incident light beam; the optical wedge comprises two light receiving devices which are respectively used for receiving light beams reflected by two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge; the second optical lens is an adjustable optical lens, can perform reciprocating translation along one side of a light beam incident on the second optical lens and can rotate in a horizontal plane; the fourth optical lens is an adjustable optical lens, can perform reciprocating translation along one side of a light beam which exits the fourth optical lens, and can rotate in a vertical plane. The first optical mirror, the second optical mirror, the third optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror are reflectors, and the first optical mirror and the third optical mirror are fixedly arranged. The light receiving device is a receiving end of the display, the display displays the received light spots on the screen, the screen is divided into 4 quadrants of an orthogonal coordinate system, and the origin position of the coordinate system is the central coordinate position.
The embodiment is a simple application scheme, and the translation or rotation of the second optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror is manually adjusted by observing the light spot deviation condition of the light spot on the screen, so that the light spot on the screen recovers the central coordinate position, and the calibration effect is achieved. This embodiment is of primary utility and may be used in subsequent improved embodiment scenarios.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the beam azimuth calibration system of this embodiment, the optical mirrors adopt mirrors, and include a first mirror M1, a second mirror M2, a third mirror M3, and a fourth mirror M4, and adopt a wedge W as a light splitting element, and the two light receiving devices adopt two CMOS detectors C1, C2, which are respectively used for receiving the light beams reflected by two reflecting surfaces of the wedge. Attenuation plates F are selectively placed in the reflected light path of the wedge W to control the light intensity entering detectors C1 and C2 to avoid saturation.
The first mirror M1 and the third mirror M3 are fixed mirrors, the second mirror M2 and the fourth mirror M4 are adjustable mirrors, wherein the second mirror M2 is rotatable in the XY plane and translatable in the Y direction, and the fourth mirror M4 is rotatable in the XZ plane and translatable in the X direction. In the figure, D1 and D2 are positioning diaphragms. A controller 10 and a computer 20 are also included.
Laser (Laser) enters the system, and is reflected by the first reflecting mirror M1, the second reflecting mirror M2, the third reflecting mirror M3 and the fourth reflecting mirror M4 in sequence and then enters the optical wedge W, wherein most of light can transmit the optical wedge W, and a small part of light can be reflected by two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge W and can be reflected by two CMOS detectors C1 and C2 at two different positions.
The transmitted light passes through the diaphragms D1 and D2 and finally enters a subsequent working system, and the straight line determined by the diaphragms D1 and D2 is a specific target direction which needs to be corrected, and is distinguished from a general geometric direction definition without position requirements, and is called light beam azimuth calibration.
Before the system works for the first time, the second reflector M2 and the fourth reflector M4 are manually adjusted to enable the light beams to accurately pass through the two diaphragms, at the moment, the light spot center positions of light reflected by the optical wedges recorded by the CMOS detectors C1 and C2 are the initial light spot center positions, and at the moment, the positions of the diaphragms D1 and D2 are uniquely reflected (two points determine a straight line). If the incident beam direction is deviated, the light spot centers on the two detectors are also correspondingly deviated.
When the system works, the light intensity distribution information measured in real time on the CMOS detectors C1 and C2 is input into the controller 10 developed based on the single chip microcomputer, and the controller 10 controls the deflection or translation of the second reflector M2 and the fourth reflector M4 in real time through the light spot center offset information in a feedback mode, so that the emergent light beam can be automatically calibrated and restored to the original orientation in real time.
In fig. 1, when the light beam accurately passes through the diaphragms D1 and D2, the spot center positions recorded by the detectors C1 and C2 reflect the beam orientations determined by the diaphragms D1 and D2 (double targets). When the light beam is deviated, the adjustable reflecting mirror can be controlled by the obtained deviation information to adjust the light beam direction, and when the centers of the light spots on the C1 and the C2 return to the original recording positions, the light beam returns to the original positions determined by the D1 and the D2.
Unlike other beam direction correction or alignment (single target) techniques that have been disclosed or reported, the present embodiment employs a dual target alignment path based on a rotating mirror translation method. In fig. 1, the second mirror M2 and the fourth mirror M4 are driven by a stepping motor and an electrically controlled translation stage (in other embodiments, more expensive devices such as a piezoelectric ceramic galvanometer and a nano translation stage can be used, higher adjustment precision can be obtained, but the cost is relatively high), respectively, wherein the second mirror M2 can be controlled to horizontally deflect in the XY plane and can translate along the light beam direction (Y direction); the fourth mirror M4 is vertically deflectable in the XZ plane and is translatable in the beam direction (X direction).
The light beam is reflected at about 90 degrees from the second mirror M2 in the XY plane (fig. 1), and the fourth mirror M4 is positioned slightly lower than the second mirror M2 and the third mirror M3, as shown in fig. 2.
The translation of the second mirror M2 may produce a horizontal parallel displacement of the beam. On the other hand, in the XY plane (fig. 1), the light beam returns substantially along the original path at the fourth mirror M4, so that the translation of the fourth mirror M4 only causes the light beam to be displaced in parallel in the vertical direction.
The translation of the second mirror M2 is used for correcting the translation of the beam in the horizontal direction, the translation of the fourth mirror M4 is used for adjusting the translation in the vertical direction, and the translations in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be respectively and independently calibrated, so that the angles and the parallel offset in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be accurately corrected based on the calibration process.
Example three:
the third embodiment is a method for calibrating the beam orientation, and the second embodiment can be combined with the third embodiment to form a more preferred embodiment.
The third embodiment of the method for calibrating the beam orientation includes a first optical mirror, a second optical mirror, a third optical mirror, a fourth optical mirror, an optical wedge, a light receiving device, and a controller, and includes the following steps:
A. firstly, manually adjusting a second optical lens and a fourth optical lens to enable light beams to accurately pass through two diaphragms, wherein the light spot central position of light reflected by an optical wedge detected by a light receiving device is an initial light spot central position;
B. the light beams are reflected by the first optical mirror and the second optical mirror in sequence, pass through the upper part or the lower part of the fourth optical mirror, are reflected by the third optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror, and then are emitted to the optical wedge from the lower part or the upper part of the third optical mirror, and the light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge are received by the light receiving device;
C. the light receiving device detects the offset information of the light spot center of the received light beam in real time and transmits the offset information to the controller;
D. the controller controls the second optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror to translate or rotate according to the offset information so as to change the light spot center offset positions of light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge;
for the scheme described in the above step, the two light receiving devices are respectively used for detecting the offset information of the centers of the light spots of the light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge, and the distances between the two light receiving devices and the reflecting point of the optical wedge are different.
Controlling the second optical lens and the fourth optical lens to rotate, so that the offset information detected by the two light receiving devices tends to be the same, and reducing the offset of the center of the light spot; the second optical lens is controlled to translate, so that the offset position of the center of the light spot in the horizontal direction can be changed; and controlling the fourth optical lens to translate, so that the offset position of the center of the light spot in the vertical direction can be changed. And repeatedly controlling the second optical lens to translate and the fourth optical lens to translate so as to reduce the offset of the center of the light spot.
The light receiving device is an area array photoelectric detector, the controller calculates the offset of the center of the light spot according to the light intensity distribution information of the light spot detected by the light receiving device, and automatically controls the second optical lens and the fourth optical lens according to the offset so as to calibrate the emergent direction of the light beam.
To achieve real-time alignment of the beam (laser beam), it is first positioned. As can be seen with reference to the optical path principle shown in fig. 1, positioning the laser beam is actually determining the spot center coordinates on the two detectors. The CMOS is adopted as a detector, so that absolute position information and comprehensive transverse light intensity distribution information can be obtained.
In addition, in consideration of different application requirements, two sets of different positioning algorithms are adopted in the system, and the two sets of algorithms can be freely switched in use.
(1) The first set of algorithm is a rapid positioning algorithm, is operated by a controller based on a single chip microcomputer, and is used for occasions with low precision requirement but high real-time speed requirement. The CMOS image plane is regarded as the image plane of the four-quadrant detector and is subjected to arithmetic processing.
As shown in fig. 3, the CMOS pixel array is divided into four quadrants and the light spot falling thereon is divided into four segments, each having an area designated S、S、S、S. The size of the four portions of the spot area reflects the information of the offset of the center of the spot with respect to the center of the photosurface (the origin of the four quadrants). The pixel gray value summation is carried out on the four quadrants, the obtained values are respectively proportional to the areas of the four quadrants of the light spot, and the light spot center offset delta x and delta y can be expressed as the following calculation formulas:
where k is a constant coefficient (for a certain light source, the coefficient is certain, and for different light sources the coefficient k needs to be calibrated). The algorithm has high calculation speed, and the processing speed can be further improved by adopting an interval point taking mode.
(2) The second set of algorithm is an accurate positioning algorithm and is used in occasions with high accuracy requirement but low real-time speed requirement. Preferably, the operation is performed by an upper computer (e.g., computer 20 shown in fig. 1) which is in communication with the controller. The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,i.e. the calculated central coordinate value of the light spot, I (x)i,yi) Is the ith one on the photosensitive surface of the detectorLight intensity, x, obtained by the pixel elementi、yiIs the coordinate value of the ith pixel element.
The first moment calculation method of the above formula (2) is suitable for the single mode and multimode distribution. The method can fully utilize the light intensity distribution information obtained by the CMOS sensor, and can obtain accurate light spot center coordinate information under any condition that the light spot falls on the photosensitive surface. As for the case shown in fig. 4, the first positioning method cannot obtain the coordinates of the center of the light spot, and this method is not limited, which is one of the advantages of this method.
The second set of algorithms is preferred because the actual spot intensity distribution image detected by the detector will typically have some noise that has an effect on the spot analysis. Therefore, before the positioning calculation, the denoising treatment can be carried out by utilizing a space domain sparse constraint algorithm. Specifically, the speckle image is subjected to sparse principal component analysis to obtain a wavelet filter bank, the image is transformed to a wavelet domain by the wavelet filter bank, thresholding is performed, and finally inverse wavelet transform is performed. And for different light sources, only one sparse principal component analysis is needed to be carried out initially when the light sources are replaced. The quality of the denoised spot image is obviously improved, but the original spot characteristics are not changed. And then, calculating the coordinate offset of the center of the light spot by using the first moment shown in the formula (2).
Example four:
the fourth embodiment is a calibration method applied to the above embodiments, and the fourth embodiment can be combined with the second embodiment or the third embodiment to form a more preferable implementation.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a method for calibrating the orientation of a light beam, which comprises the following steps:
a. the two light receiving devices respectively monitor the light spot deviation information of light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge in real time, the light spot deviation information is obtained by calculating the center coordinates of the light spots and the initial center coordinates, and the angle deviation amounts of the light beams in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are calculated in real time by using the light spot deviation information and the optical path difference of the two light receiving devices;
b. controlling the second optical mirror and/or the fourth optical mirror to rotate, and reducing the angle offset of the light beam;
c. the steps a and b are circulated, so that the angle offset is continuously reduced to the minimum or is lower than the error tolerance;
d. calculating the transverse offset of the light beam in the horizontal direction and the vertical offset of the light beam in the vertical direction in real time by using the central coordinate of the light spot and the initial central coordinate;
e. adjusting the second optical lens and/or the fourth optical lens to translate, and reducing the transverse and vertical offset of the light beam;
f. and d, repeating the steps d and e, and reducing the transverse offset and the vertical offset to the minimum or lower than the error tolerance.
For applications requiring only single target alignment, the above steps d-f can be performed in a cyclic manner to achieve precise alignment. And because the sensitive angle deflection amount is converted into the insensitive translation amount, the adjustment precision ratio is obviously improved by only using the method of rotating the mirror on the premise of using the same device. The system has simple calibration light path, can achieve very high accuracy for single-target alignment application, and can make up the deficiency of angle adjustment accuracy of a common stepping motor to a greater extent by a translation method for azimuth offset correction (double-target) application.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims (10)

1. A beam orientation calibration system, comprising:
the optical wedge comprises a first optical mirror, a second optical mirror, a third optical mirror, a fourth optical mirror and an optical wedge, wherein light beams pass through the upper part or the lower part of the fourth optical mirror after being reflected by the first optical mirror and the second optical mirror in sequence, and are reflected by the third optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror to be emitted to the optical wedge from the lower part or the upper part of the third optical mirror, and two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge are inclined to the direction of incident light beams;
the optical wedge comprises two light receiving devices which are respectively used for receiving light beams reflected by two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge;
the second optical lens is an adjustable optical lens, can perform reciprocating translation along the direction of a light beam incident on the second optical lens and can rotate in a horizontal plane;
the fourth optical lens is an adjustable optical lens, can perform reciprocating translation along the direction of a light beam which exits the fourth optical lens, and can rotate in a vertical plane.
2. The calibration system of claim 1, wherein: the controller is used for respectively controlling the movement of the second optical lens and the fourth optical lens; the second optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror are respectively connected with a rotating motor and an electric control translation table, and the controller controls the second reflecting mirror and the fourth reflecting mirror to move by driving the rotating motor and the electric control translation table.
3. The calibration system of claim 2, wherein: the controller is connected with the two light receiving devices, the light receiving devices are used for monitoring the light spot center offset information of the light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge and transmitting the light spot center offset information to the controller, and the controller automatically adjusts the second optical lens and the fourth optical lens according to the light spot center offset information so as to calibrate the emergent direction of the light beams.
4. The calibration system of claim 1, wherein: the light receiving device is a light blocking screen, an area array photoelectric detector, a four-quadrant detector or a display with a light signal receiving end.
5. A method for beam azimuth alignment, comprising a first optic, a second optic, a third optic, a fourth optic, an optical wedge, a light receiving device, and a controller, the method comprising the steps of:
A. firstly, manually adjusting a second optical lens and a fourth optical lens to enable light beams to accurately pass through two diaphragms, wherein the light spot central position of light reflected by an optical wedge detected by a light receiving device is an initial light spot central position;
B. the light beams are reflected by the first optical mirror and the second optical mirror in sequence, pass through the upper part or the lower part of the fourth optical mirror, are reflected by the third optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror, and then are emitted to the optical wedge from the lower part or the upper part of the third optical mirror, and the light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge are received by the light receiving device;
C. the light receiving device detects the offset information of the light spot center of the received light beam in real time and transmits the offset information to the controller;
D. the controller controls the second optical mirror and the fourth optical mirror to translate or rotate according to the offset information so as to change the light spot center offset positions of light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge;
the two light receiving devices are respectively used for detecting the deviation information of the light spot centers of the light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge, and the distances between the two light receiving devices and the reflecting point of the optical wedge are different.
6. The calibration method according to claim 5, wherein: controlling the second optical lens and the fourth optical lens to rotate, so that the offset information detected by the two light receiving devices tends to be the same, and reducing the offset of the center of the light spot;
the second optical lens is controlled to translate, so that the offset position of the center of the light spot in the horizontal direction can be changed; and controlling the fourth optical lens to translate, so that the offset position of the center of the light spot in the vertical direction can be changed.
7. The calibration method according to claim 6, wherein: the light receiving device is an area array photoelectric detector, the controller calculates the offset of the center of the light spot according to the light intensity distribution information of the light spot detected by the light receiving device, and automatically controls the second optical lens and the fourth optical lens according to the offset so as to calibrate the emergent direction of the light beam.
8. The calibration method according to claim 7, wherein: the calculation method of the offset magnitude comprises one or all of the following two calculation methods:
the first calculation method and the fast positioning algorithm are as follows:
Δ x = k S I + S I V - S I I - S I I I S I + S I I + S I I I + S I V , Δ y = k S I + S I I - S I I I - S I V S I + S I I + S I I I + S I V
wherein, Δ X and Δ Y are the offset of the light spot center on X and Y coordinates; s、S、S、SThe areas of the centers of the light spots falling on four quadrants divided by a photosensitive surface of the detector are respectively, and k is a constant coefficient;
a second calculation method and an accurate positioning algorithm:
x ‾ = Σ i I ( x i , y i ) x i Σ i I ( x i , y i ) , y ‾ = Σ i I ( x i , y i ) y i Σ i I ( x i , y i )
wherein,i.e. the calculated central coordinate value of the light spot, I (x)i,yi) The intensity, x, obtained for the ith pixel element on the photosensitive surface of the detectori、yiCoordinate value of ith pixel element;
when the fast positioning algorithm and the accurate positioning algorithm are jointly included, the two calculation methods can be freely switched to use.
9. The calibration method according to claim 8, wherein: and denoising the light spot image information detected by the light receiving device before calculating the offset by using the accurate positioning algorithm.
10. A calibration method for use with the calibration system of claim 3, comprising the steps of:
a. the two light receiving devices respectively monitor the light spot deviation information of light beams reflected by the two reflecting surfaces of the optical wedge in real time, the light spot deviation information is obtained by calculating the center coordinates of the light spots and the initial center coordinates, and the angle deviation amounts of the light beams in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are calculated in real time by using the light spot deviation information and the optical path difference of the two light receiving devices;
b. controlling the second optical mirror and/or the fourth optical mirror to rotate, and reducing the angle offset of the light beam;
c. the steps a and b are circulated, so that the angle offset is continuously reduced to the minimum or is lower than the error tolerance;
d. calculating the transverse offset of the light beam in the horizontal direction and the vertical offset of the light beam in the vertical direction in real time by using the central coordinate of the light spot and the initial central coordinate;
e. adjusting the second optical lens and/or the fourth optical lens to translate, and reducing the transverse and vertical offset of the light beam;
f. and d, repeating the steps d and e, and reducing the transverse offset and the vertical offset to the minimum or lower than the error tolerance.
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