CN104763396A - Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands with heat created drainage paths - Google Patents
Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands with heat created drainage paths Download PDFInfo
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- CN104763396A CN104763396A CN201510064077.XA CN201510064077A CN104763396A CN 104763396 A CN104763396 A CN 104763396A CN 201510064077 A CN201510064077 A CN 201510064077A CN 104763396 A CN104763396 A CN 104763396A
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- stratum
- producing well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling, insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
Abstract
A system for treating a tar sand stratum is described to include a plurality of heaters arranged in the stratum. The heaters include at least partially horizontally heating parts at least partially located in a stratum hydrocarbon. The heating parts are at least arranged in the hydrocarbon layer according to a pattern. The heaters are arranged to provide heat for the hydrocarbon layer. The provided heat generates a plurality of drainage paths of a moving flow. At least two of the drainage paths are converged. A producing well is configured to collect and generate the moving flow from the converged hydrocarbon layer.
Description
The application is divisional application, and the applying date of its parent application is on October 20th, 2006, and application number is 200680044203.4, and denomination of invention is " system and method that the passing away utilizing heat to produce produces hydrocarbon from Tar sands ".
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to the method and system for producing hydrocarbon, hydrogen and/or other products from various subsurface formations such as hydrocarbon containing formation.
Background technology
The hydrocarbon obtained from subsurface formations is usually used as the energy, as raw material with as the consumer goods.The worry that obtainable hydrocarbon source is exhausted and caused developing the method more effectively gathering, process and/or use obtainable hydrocarbon source to the worry that the gross mass of produced hydrocarbon declines.In-situ method can be used from subsurface formations to shift out hydrocarbon materials.Chemistry and/or the physical property of the hydrocarbon materials changed in subsurface formations may be needed, shift out from subsurface formations more easily to allow hydrocarbon materials.Chemistry and physical change can comprise the reaction in-situ of the viscosity B coefficent producing hydrocarbon materials in extensible fluid, composition change, changes in solubility, variable density, phase transformation and/or stratum.Fluid can be but be not limited to gas, liquid, emulsion, slurry and/or have the logistics of solid particle of the similar flow performance with liquid flow.
In North America, South America, Africa finds with Asia large heavy hydrocarbon (mink cell focus and/or the pitch) reserves that (such as in Tar sands) comprises in relative impermeable stratum.Tar can become lighter hydrocarbon as crude oil, naphtha, kerosene and/or gas oil by surface mining with upgrading.Ground ore dressing process can make pitch be separated with sand further.The pitch be separated can use conventional method of refining to change into light hydrocarbon.With produce comparatively compared with lighter hydrocarbons from conventional oil reservoirs, mining and upgrading tar sand are usually obvious more expensive.
Produce hydrocarbon from Tar sands situ can adopt heating and/or gas inject stratum is realized.The U.S. Patent No. 5211230 of the people such as Ostapovich and the U.S. Patent No. 5339897 of Leaute describe the horizontal production well being arranged in oil reservoirs.Vertical conduit can be used to that oxidant gas is injected reservoir and is used for situ combustion.
The U.S. Patent No. 2780450 of Ljungstrom describes In Situ Heating bituminous geo-logical terrain and makes liquid tar-like substance conversion or cracking for oily gentle.
The U.S. Patent No. 4597441 of the people such as Ware describes and contacts at reservoir PetroChina Company Limited., heat and hydrogen simultaneously, and hydrogenation can improve oil from the recovery ratio reservoir.
The No.5060726 of the people such as the U.S. Patent No. 5046559 of Glandt and Glandt describes the part tar sand formation between preheating injector well and producing well.Steam can be injected in stratum from injector well to produce hydrocarbon at producing well.
As mentioned above, do a large amount of effort and develop the method and system producing hydrocarbon, hydrogen and/or other products from hydrocarbon containing formation economically.But, still have many hydrocarbon containing formations therefrom can not produce hydrocarbon, hydrogen and/or other products economically at present.Therefore, still need to produce improving one's methods of hydrocarbon, hydrogen and/or other products and system economically from various hydrocarbon containing formation.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment described herein relates in general to for the treatment of the system of subsurface formations, method and heater.Embodiment described herein also relates in general to the heater wherein with novel component.This kind of heater can be obtained by using system and method described herein.
In some embodiments, the invention provides one or more systems, method and/or heater.In some embodiments, this system, method and/or heater are for the treatment of subsurface formations.
In some embodiments, the invention provides a kind of system for the treatment of tar sand formation, comprise: the multiple heaters being arranged in stratum, wherein heater comprises the heating part of at least part of level being arranged in stratum hydrocarbon layers at least partly, described heating part presses pattern setting at least partly in hydrocarbon layers, be set to provide heat to hydrocarbon layers with heater, the heat provided produces multiple passing aways of moving fluid, and at least two in passing away are converged; The passing away being set to converge from hydrocarbon layers with producing well is collected and produces moving fluid.
In some embodiments, the invention provides a kind of method for the treatment of tar sand formation, comprising: provide heat from the multiple heaters being arranged in stratum at least part of hydrocarbon layers on stratum; At least some moving fluid is allowed to flow to producing well along passing away and/or the passing away that converges from stratum; With by producing well production at least some moving fluid.
In further embodiment, the characteristic sum from specific embodiments capable of being combined is from the feature of other embodiment.Feature such as from an embodiment can with the Feature Combination from other embodiment any.
In further embodiment, use any one method, system or heater described herein, carry out the process of subsurface formations.
In further embodiment, additional feature can be added in specific embodiments described herein.
Accompanying drawing explanation
When benefiting from following detailed description and with reference to accompanying drawing, advantage of the present invention will become apparent for a person skilled in the art, wherein:
Fig. 1 describes the explanation in the stage to heating hydrocarbon containing formation.
Fig. 2 gives the schematic diagram of the embodiment of a part for the situ heat treatment system for the treatment of hydrocarbon containing formation.
Fig. 3 describes the lateral view of the embodiment of producing moving fluid from the tar sand formation with relative thin hydrocarbon layers.
Fig. 4 describes the lateral view producing the embodiment of moving fluid from the tar sand formation with the hydrocarbon layers thicker than the hydrocarbon layers shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 describes the lateral view producing the embodiment of moving fluid from the tar sand formation with the hydrocarbon layers thicker than the hydrocarbon layers shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 describe from have intercalated shale hydrocarbon layers tar sand formation produce the lateral view of the embodiment of moving fluid.
Fig. 7 describes with the temperature profile after 360 days of STARS simulation in stratum.
Fig. 8 describes with the saturated sectional drawing of oil after 360 days of STARS simulation in stratum.
Fig. 9 describes with the saturated sectional drawing of oil after 1095 days of STARS simulation in stratum.
Figure 10 describes with the saturated sectional drawing of oil after 1470 days of STARS simulation in stratum.
Figure 11 describes with the saturated sectional drawing of oil after 1826 days of STARS simulation in stratum.
Figure 12 describes with the temperature profile after 1826 days of STARS simulation in stratum.
Figure 13 describes the gentle throughput rate of oily throughput rate and the relation of time.
Although the present invention is easy to carry out various improvement and alternative form, its specific embodiments is provided by the way of example in accompanying drawing, and can describe in detail herein.Accompanying drawing may not be pro rata.But, should be appreciated that accompanying drawing and detailed description thereof are not intended to limit the invention to particular forms disclosed, on the contrary, the present invention intend covering drop on claims definition spirit of the present invention and scope in all improvement, equivalence and replacement scheme.
Detailed description of the invention
The System and method for of the hydrocarbon in following explanation relate generally to process stratum.This stratum can be processed and obtain hydrocarbon product, hydrogen and other products.
" hydrocarbon " is normally defined the molecule formed primarily of carbon and hydrogen atom.Hydrocarbon also can comprise other element, such as but not limited to halogen, metallic element, nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulphur.Hydrocarbon can be but be not limited to kerogen, pitch, pyrobitumen, oil, natural mineral wax and natural rock asphalt.Hydrocarbon can be positioned at intracrustal matrices or adjacent with it.Parent rock can include but not limited to sedimentary rock, sand, silicate, carbonate, kieselguhr and other porous media." hydrocarbon fluid " is the fluid comprising hydrocarbon.Hydrocarbon fluid can comprise, carries secretly or be entrained in non-hydrocarbon fluids, and described non-hydrocarbon fluids is hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, water and ammonia such as.
" stratum " comprises one or more layers hydrocarbon bearing formation, one or more layers non-hydrocarbon layers, superstratum and/or underlying strata." superstratum " and/or " underlying strata " comprises the inhomogeneous impermeable material of class or more.Such as superstratum and/or underlying strata can comprise rock, shale, mud stone or wet/tight carbonate.In some embodiments of heat treating process in position, superstratum and/or underlying strata can comprise one deck hydrocarbon bearing formation or multilayer hydrocarbon bearing formation, and described hydrocarbon bearing formation is relatively impermeable and do not have to experience the temperature causing in the situ heat treatment process of the remarkable characteristic variations of hydrocarbon bearing formation in superstratum and/or underlying strata.Such as underlying strata can comprise shale or mud stone, but under not allowing to heat the pyrolysis temperature during superstratum to situ heat treatment process.In some cases, superstratum and/or underlying strata can have some permeability.
" formation fluid " refers to the fluid be present in stratum, and can comprise pyrolyzation fluid, synthesis gas, moving fluid, visbroken fluid and water (steam).Formation fluid can comprise hydrocarbon fluid and non-hydrocarbon fluids.Term " moving fluid " refers to the fluid in the hydrocarbon containing formation that the result as heat treatment stratum can flow." visbroken fluid " refers to the fluid that viscosity reduces because of stratum heat treatment.
" fluid produced " refers to the formation fluid shifted out from stratum.
" thermal source " provides heat to arrive any system on stratum at least partially essentially by conduction and/or radiant heat transfer.Such as thermal source can comprise electric heater, such as insulated electric conductor, elongate member and/or the conductor arranged in conduit.Thermal source also can comprise the system by or burning fuels inside Heat of Formation outside on stratum.This system can be the burner of surface combustion burner, downhole gas burner, aphlogistic distributed combustor and NATURAL DISTRIBUTION.In some embodiments, by heat that other energy supply provides or generates in one or more thermal source.Other energy can direct formation, or can apply energy on Transfer Medium, the direct or indirect formation of described Transfer Medium.The one or more thermals source applying heat to stratum should be understood and can use the different energy.Therefore, such as given stratum, some thermal source can supply heat by resistance heater, some thermal source can provide heat by burning, and some thermal source can provide heat by one or more other energy (such as chemical reaction, solar energy, wind energy, biological substance or other reproducible energy).Chemical reaction can comprise exothermic reaction (such as oxidation reaction).Thermal source also can comprise provides heat to arrive and heating location adjacent area and/or the heater in its peripheral region such as heater well.
" heater " is any system or the thermal source of Heat of Formation in well or in nigh well bore region.Heater can be but be not limited to electric heater, burner, the burner reacted with the material in stratum or the material that produces from stratum and/or their combination.
" situ heat treatment process " refers to heat source hydrocarbon containing formation the temperature of layer to be at least partially elevated on flowing or visbreaking or pyrolysis temperature to make to produce in the earth formation the method for the fluid of flowing, visbroken fluid or pyrolyzation fluid.
" temperature-limiting heater " typically refers to the heater regulating thermal output (such as reducing thermal output) when not using external control such as temperature controller, power governor, rectifier or miscellaneous equipment on assigned temperature.Temperature-limiting heater can be the resistance heater that AC (alternating current) or modulation (such as " copped wave ") DC (DC current) are powered.
Term " wellhole " refers to by drilling in stratum or inserting the hole in the stratum of conduit formation.Wellhole can have substantially circular cross section, or is other cross sectional shape.Term as used herein " well " and " opening ", when referring to the opening in stratum, can exchange with term " wellhole " and use.
" u-shape wellhole " refers to from the first opening stratum and extends through stratum at least partially and the wellhole of the second opening pass-out in the earth formation.In the present context, wellhole only can be roughly the shape of " v " or " u ", is understood that for being considered to the wellhole of " u-shape ", and " leg " that be somebody's turn to do " u " does not need parallel to each other or vertical with " bottom " of " u ".
" visbreaking " refer to fluid molecule in heat treatment unwrapping and/or in heat treatment large molecular breakdown be the reduction that Small molecular causes fluid viscosity.
" pyrolysis " is the chemical bond rupture caused owing to applying heat.Such as pyrolysis can comprise, by heating separately, converting compounds become one or more other materials.Heat can be transferred on a part of stratum to cause pyrolysis.
" pyrolyzation fluid " or " pyrolysis product " refers to the fluid substantially produced in the process of pyrolysed hydrocarbon.The fluid produced by pyrolytic reaction can with other fluid chemical field in stratum.This mixture will be regarded as pyrolyzation fluid or pyrolysis product." pyrolysis zone " as used herein refers to the formation volume (such as relatively permeable stratum, as tar sand formation) having reacted or reacted and formed pyrolyzation fluid.
" cracking " refers to that the decomposition and molecular recombination that include organic compounds are to produce the process than initial larger quantity molecule.In cracking process, there is a series of reaction with the transfer of hydrogen atom between molecule.Such as naphtha can be passed through heat cracking reaction and forms ethene and H
2.
" heat superposition " refers to from two or more thermals source and provides heat to selected ground layer segment, thus makes the formation temperature of at least one position between thermal source be subject to the impact of thermal source.
" fluid pressure " is the pressure that the fluid in stratum produces." lithostatic pressure " (being sometimes referred to as " rock static stress ") is the pressure in stratum, equals weight unit area being covered rock substance." hydrostatic pressure " is the pressure that water column is applied to stratum.
" API Gravity " refers to the API Gravity at 15.5 DEG C (60 ℉).API Gravity ASTM method D6822 determines.
Layer " thickness " refers to the thickness of layer cross section, and wherein cross section is vertical with aspect.
" heavy hydrocarbon " is the hydrocarbon fluid of thickness.Heavy hydrocarbon can comprise high sticky hydrocarbon fluid, as mink cell focus, tar and/or pitch.Heavy hydrocarbon can comprise carbon and hydrogen and compared with the sulphur of small concentration, oxygen and nitrogen.Also other element of trace can be there is in heavy hydrocarbon.Heavy hydrocarbon can be classified with API Gravity.The API Gravity of heavy hydrocarbon is usually less than about 20 °.The API Gravity of such as mink cell focus is about 10-20 ° usually, and the API Gravity of tar is usually less than about 10 °.The viscosity of heavy hydrocarbon at 15 DEG C is greater than about 100 centipoises usually.Heavy hydrocarbon can comprise the cyclic hydrocarbon of aromatic hydrocarbons or other complexity.
Heavy hydrocarbon can be found in relatively permeable stratum.Relatively permeable stratum can comprise the hydrocarbon be entrained in such as sand or carbonate." relatively permeable " is defined as stratum or formation average permeability is 10 millidarcies or larger (such as 10 millidarcies or 100 millidarcies)." relative hypotonicity " is defined as stratum or formation average permeability lower than about 10 millidarcies.1 darcy equals about 0.99 square millimeter.The permeability of impermeable barrier is less than about 0.1 millidarcy usually.
" tar " is the viscous hydrocarbon that the viscosity at 15 DEG C is greater than about 10000 centipoises usually.The proportion of tar is usually more than 1.000.The API Gravity of tar can be less than 10 °.
" tar sand formation " be wherein hydrocarbon mainly to be entrained in the stratum that heavy hydrocarbon in mineral grain framework or other host rock (such as sand or carbonate) and/or tar form exist.The example of tar sand formation comprises the Faja stratum in Orinoco area of Athabasca stratum, Grosmont stratum and Peace River stratum (these three kinds of stratum all are all at Canadian Alberta) and Venezuela.
In some cases, some or all hydrocarbon parts of relative permeable formation can mainly heavy hydrocarbon and/or tar, and do not support mineral grain framework and only have floating (or not having) mineral matter (such as pitch lake).
Some type containing heavy hydrocarbon stratum also can be but be not limited to natural mineral wax or natural asphalt." natural mineral wax " usually appears at and is essentially in the mineral ore of tubulose, and it can be wide several meters, several kilometers long and dark hundreds of rice." natural asphalt " comprises the solid hydrocarbons of aromatic composition, and usually appears in large mineral ore.Melting can be comprised from formation crude position recovery of hydrocarbons such as natural mineral wax and natural asphalt and form liquid hydrocarbon and/or solution mining hydrocarbon from stratum.
" upgrading " refers to the quality improving hydrocarbon.Such as upgrading of heavy hydrocarbons can make the API Gravity of heavy hydrocarbon improve.
Hydrocarbon in stratum can be processed in every way with obtained many different products.In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon in stratum processes stage by stage.Fig. 1 describes the explanation in the stage to heating hydrocarbon containing formation.Fig. 1 also describe from stratum formation fluid in the productive rate of barrels of oil equivalent/ton (" Y ") (y-axis) in DEG C the example of temperature (" T ") (x-axis) of formation.
The desorb of methane and the vaporization of water has been there is between the period of heating in stage 1.Can as far as possible promptly be carried out by stage 1 formation.Such as when the hydrocarbon containing formation is initially heated, the methane that the hydrocarbon desorb in stratum is adsorbed.Can the methane of production desorb from stratum.If hydrocarbon containing formation is heated further, then the water vapor in hydrocarbon containing formation.In some hydrocarbon containing formations, water can occupy the 10-50% of the pore volume in stratum.In other stratum, water occupies the pore volume of greater or lesser ratio.Water is vaporized under the pressure of 600-7000kPa absolute pressure at 160-285 DEG C usually in the earth formation.In some embodiments, the wetability change in the aquatic products dried rhizome of rehmannia layer of vaporization and/or the strata pressure increased.The change of this wetability and/or the pressure increased can affect pyrolytic reaction in stratum or other reaction.In some embodiments, from stratum, produce the water of vaporization.In other embodiments, the water of vaporization is used for drawing gas and/or distilling in the earth formation or outside stratum.Water to be discharged from stratum and the pore volume improved in stratum adds the storage area of hydrocarbon in pore volume.
In some embodiments, after stage 1 heating stratum is heated further, reach (at least) initial pyrolysis temperature (such as in the temperature of temperature range lower end as shown in stage 2) to make the temperature in stratum.Hydrocarbon in stratum may in the stage 2 by pyrolysis.Pyrolysis temperature range depends on the kind of hydrocarbon in stratum and changes.Pyrolysis temperature range can comprise the temperature of 250-900 DEG C.Pyrolysis temperature range for the production of desired product can extend through an only part for total pyrolysis temperature range.In some embodiments, the pyrolysis temperature range for the production of desired product can comprise the temperature of 250-400 DEG C or the temperature of 270-350 DEG C.If the temperature of hydrocarbon is slowly raised through the temperature of 250-400 DEG C in stratum, then when temperature reaches 400 DEG C, the production of pyrolysis product may complete substantially.The average temperature of hydrocarbon can being less than 5 DEG C/day, be less than 2 DEG C/day, be less than 1 DEG C/day or be less than 0.5 DEG C/day speed under be raised through pyrolysis temperature range for the production of desired product.Thermal gradient can be set up around thermal source with multiple heat source hydrocarbon containing formation, pass through pyrolysis temperature range slowly to raise the temperature of hydrocarbon in stratum.
Quality and the quantity of the formation fluid produced from hydrocarbon containing formation may be affected by the temperature increase rate of the pyrolysis temperature range for desired product.Pyrolysis temperature range temperature be slowly raised through for desired product may suppress the flowing of long-chain molecule in stratum.Pyrolysis temperature range temperature be slowly raised through for desired product may limit the reaction producing undesirable product between mobilized hydrocarbons.The pyrolysis temperature range temperature on stratum be slowly raised through for desired product can make to produce the hydrocarbon of high-quality, high API Gravity from stratum.The pyrolysis temperature range temperature on stratum be slowly raised through for desired product can make to take out as hydrocarbon product a large amount of hydrocarbon existed in the earth formation.
In some situ heat treatment embodiments, a part of stratum is heated to desired temperature instead of slowly heats make temperature pass through temperature range.In some embodiments, desired temperature is 300 DEG C, 325 DEG C or 350 DEG C.Other temperature can be selected as desired temperature.The superposition carrying out the heat of self-heat power makes in the earth formation relatively rapidly and effectively set up desired temperature.The energy in from thermal source to stratum can be regulated to input with under the temperature in stratum is remained on desired temperature substantially.Until pyrolysis minimizing makes to produce desired formation fluid from stratum become uneconomical under the stratum of heating part is remained on desired temperature substantially.The ground layer segment standing pyrolysis can comprise the region be brought in pyrolysis temperature range by only being conducted heat by a thermal source.
In some embodiments, from stratum, produce the formation fluid comprising pyrolyzation fluid.When formation temperature increases, in the formation fluid of production, the quantity of condensable hydrocarbon may reduce.At high temperature, stratum may output major part methane and/or hydrogen.If hydrocarbon containing formation is heated by whole pyrolysis range, then for the upper limit of pyrolysis range, the hydrogen that stratum possibility output is only a small amount of.After all of the available hydrogen is depleted, the fluid-withdrawal rate of minimum number will usually occurred from stratum.
After pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, a large amount of carbon and some hydrogen may still be present in stratum.The carbon retaining obvious ratio in the earth formation can the form of synthesis gas be produced from stratum.Between the period of heating in stage 3 described in FIG, can occur that synthesis gas generates.Stage 3 can comprise the temperature being heated to by hydrocarbon containing formation be enough to synthesis gas is generated.Such as can produce synthesis gas in the temperature range of about 400-about 1200 DEG C, about 500-about 1100 DEG C or about 550-about 1000 DEG C.When the fluid producing synthesis gas is introduced stratum, the temperature of the heating part on stratum determines the composition of the synthesis gas produced in the earth formation.Produced synthesis gas can be shifted out from stratum by producing well.
Between pyrolysis and synthesis gas generation, the total energy content of the fluid produced from hydrocarbon containing formation can keep relative constancy.Under relatively low formation temperature during pyrolysis, the fluid produced of obvious ratio can be the condensable hydrocarbons with high energy content.But at higher pyrolysis temperatures, less formation fluid can comprise condensable hydrocarbon.More can not condensable formation fluids can produce from stratum.Be mainly can not between the generation of condensable formation fluids, the energy content of the fluid produced of per unit volume may reduce a little.During synthesis gas produces, compared with the energy content of pyrolyzation fluid, the energy content of the synthesis gas produced of per unit volume obviously reduces.But the volume of the synthesis gas of production will obviously increase in many cases, make up the energy content of reduction thus.
Fig. 2 describes the schematic diagram of the embodiment of a part of situ heat treatment system of process hydrocarbon containing formation.Situ heat treatment system can comprise barrier wells 200.Barrier wells is used to form screen layer around processing region.Screen layer suppression fluid flows out and/or flows into processing region.Barrier wells includes but not limited to dewatering well, vacuum well, trapping well, injector well, mud well, freezing well or their combination.In some embodiments, barrier wells 200 is dewatering wells.Dewatering well can remove liquid water and/or suppress liquid water to enter in a part of stratum to be heated or in the stratum of heating.In the embodiment that Fig. 2 describes, give only along the barrier wells 200 that the side of thermal source 202 extends, but barrier wells typically surrounds whole thermals source 202 of the processing region of formation used or to be used.
Thermal source 202 is placed at least partially in stratum.Thermal source 202 can comprise heater, the burner of such as, conductor heater in insulated electric conductor, conduit, surface combustion burner, aphlogistic distribution/or NATURAL DISTRIBUTION.Thermal source 202 also can comprise the heater of other type.Thermal source 202 provide heat arrive at least partially stratum with the hydrocarbon in formation.By supply line 204 supplying energy to thermal source 202.Supply line 204 structurally can be different, and this depends on the type of a kind of thermal source that formation uses or various heating sources.Supply line 204 for thermal source can carry the electricity for electric heater, can transport the fuel for burner, or can transport the heat exchanging fluid at stratum Inner eycle.
Producing well 206 is used to remove formation fluid from stratum.In some embodiments, producing well 206 comprises thermal source.Thermal source in producing well can heat the one or more parts at producing well place or the stratum near it.In some situ heat treatment process embodiments, in every meter of producing well, the heat be fed in stratum from producing well is less than the heat being fed to stratum in every meter of thermal source from the thermal source of formation.
In some embodiments, the thermal source in producing well 206 allows the gas phase shifting out formation fluid from stratum.Producing well place or provided by producing well heat can: (1) when produce move in the producing well of fluid near superstratum time, these are suppressed to produce condenses and/or backflow, (2) the heat input in stratum is increased to, (3) compared with the producing well not having thermal source, increase the throughput rate of producing well, (4) suppress the high (C of carbon number in producing well
6and C
6compound condensation above), and/or (5) increase producing well place or the permeability on stratum near it.
The subsurface pressure on stratum is equivalent to the pressure of the fluid produced in stratum.When the temperature in the heating part of stratum raises, the fluid due to generation increases and the vaporization of water increases, and the pressure of heating part also increases.The speed controlling to shift out fluid from stratum can allow to control the pressure in stratum.The pressure on stratum can be determined in much different positions, such as near or at producing well place, near or at thermal source place or at monitor well place.
In some hydrocarbon containing formations, until at least some hydrocarbon pyrolysis in stratum, from stratum, produce hydrocarbon is all downtrod.When formation fluid has selected quality, can from stratum producing formation fluid.In some embodiments, selected quality comprises API Gravity and is at least about 20 °, 30 ° or 40 °.Suppress to produce until at least some hydrocarbon pyrolysis in stratum can improve the conversion ratio of heavy hydrocarbon to lighter hydrocarbons.The heavy hydrocarbon suppressing initial production can make to produce from stratum is minimum.The production of a large amount of heavy hydrocarbon may need expensive equipment and/or shorten the life-span of production equipment.
Reach pyrolysis temperature and allow from stratum produce after, strata pressure can be changed to change and/or the composition of formation fluid of production control, with control in formation fluid with can not the percentage of condensable fluid compared with condensed fluid, and/or control the API Gravity of the formation fluid produced.Such as pressure drop may cause producing more condensable fluid component.Condensable fluid component can comprise the alkene of larger percentage.
In the embodiment of some situ heat treatment process, strata pressure can keep enough high, to promote that API Gravity is greater than the production of the formation fluid of 20 °.Keep the pressure increased that stratum can be suppressed to sink in heat treatment in position in the earth formation.Keep the pressure increased can promote production gaseous fluid from stratum.The size that production gas phase can be allowed for the collecting pipe carrying the fluid produced from stratum reduces.Keep the pressure increased can reduce or eliminate the needs of layer fluid compressively when the fluid in collecting pipe to be transported on ground treatment facility.
Heating part on stratum keeps the pressure increased shockingly can allow to produce a large amount of Quality advance and the relatively low hydrocarbon of molecular weight.Pressure can be kept, with the compound making the formation fluid of production have more than the selected carbon number of minimum.Selected carbon number can be maximum 25, maximum 20, maximum 12 or maximum 8.Some high carbon number compounds can be carried secretly in steam in the earth formation, and can shift out from stratum together with steam.Keep the pressure increased can suppress entrainment of high carbon number compound and/or polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds in steam in the earth formation.High carbon number compounds and/or polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds can keep liquid phase within quite long period in stratum.Described quite long period can provide time enough to form low carbon number compound with pyrolysis for compound.
The formation fluid produced by producing well 206 is transported in treatment facility 210 by collection conduit 208.Also can by thermal source 202 producing formation fluid.Such as can produce fluid by thermal source 202, to control the pressure in the stratum adjacent with thermal source.The fluid produced by thermal source 202 is transported in gathering line 208 by pipeline or pipeline, or the fluid produced is delivered directly in treatment facility 210 by pipeline or pipeline.Treatment facility 210 can comprise the separative element of formation fluid, reaction member, upgrading unit, fuel cell, turbine, reservoir vessel and/or other system and unit that machining produces.The hydrocarbon at least partially that treatment facility can be produced by stratum forms transport fuel.In some embodiments, transport fuel can be jet fuel such as JP-8.
In some embodiments, temperature-limiting heater is used for heavy oil application (such as the process of relative permeable formation or tar sand formation).Temperature-limiting heater can provide relatively low Curie temperature, is less than 350 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 250 DEG C, 225 DEG C, 200 DEG C or 150 DEG C to make the highest average operating temperature of heater.In one embodiment (such as tar sand formation), the maximum temperature of heater is less than about 250 DEG C, with the generation of the generation He other crackate that suppress alkene.In some embodiments, the heater maximum temperature higher than about 250 DEG C can be used, to produce lighter hydrocarbon product.The maximum temperature of such as heater can be or be less than about 500 DEG C.
Heater can heat the formation volume (near the region of producing well) near producing well, with to make in producing well and near the fluid temperature (F.T.) of the volume of producing well lower than the temperature causing fluid degradation.Thermal source can be positioned at producing well or close producing well.In some embodiments, thermal source is temperature-limiting heater.In some embodiments, two or more thermals source can provide heat for described volume.The heat carrying out self-heat power can reduce in producing well or the former oil viscosity of close producing well.In some embodiments, the heat carrying out self-heat power makes the fluid in producing well or near producing well move and/or strengthen the Radial Flow of fluid to producing well.In some embodiments, reduce former oil viscosity and allow or strengthen the heavy oil oil of about 10 ° (about API Gravity at most) or medium specific weight oil (oil that about API Gravity is about 10 °-20 °) gas lift from producing well.In some embodiments, in stratum, the initial API gravity degree of oil mostly is 10 °, maximum 20 °, maximum 25 ° or maximum 30 ° most.In some embodiments, in stratum, oil viscosity is at least 0.05Pas (50cp).In some embodiments, in stratum, oil viscosity is at least 0.10Pas (100cp), at least 0.15Pas (150cp) or at least 0.20Pas (200cp).A large amount of natural gas may must be used for providing viscosity to be greater than the gas lift of the oil of 0.05Pas.By being reduced to that viscosity is 0.05Pas (50cp) in producing well in stratum or near the oil viscosity of producing well, 0.03Pas (30cp), 0.02Pas (20cp), 0.01Pas (10cp) or less (being low to moderate 0.001Pas (1cp) or lower) reduce from the amount of natural gas needed for the elevate a turnable ladder oil of stratum.In some embodiments, visbreaking oil is produced by the such as pumping of other method.
By the temperature near raising producing well place or producing well to reduce oil viscosity in the stratum in producing well or near producing well, the speed produced oil from stratum can be increased.In some embodiments, when the speed ratio that produces oil from stratum is produced, stratum does not have the cold production of the standard of external heat to be increased to 2 times, 3 times, 4 times or up to 20 times.Owing to adopting the strengthening oil of heating near producing well region to produce, specific stratum may be more economical feasible.For cold throughput rate about 0.05m
3/ (every meter, sky length of hole) is to 0.20m
3stratum between/(every meter, sky length of hole), the viscosity that heating reduces near well bore region may make throughput rate have great raising.In some stratum, use length up to 775m, up to 1000m or the producing well up to 1500m.Such as use the producing well of length between 450m to 775m, use the producing well of length between 550m to 800m, or use the producing well of length between 650m to 900m.Therefore the great raising of output can be obtained in some stratum.Heating may be used for cold throughput rate not at 0.05m near producing well region
3/ (every meter, sky length of hole) is to 0.20m
3stratum between/(every meter, sky length of hole), but heating this stratum may not be economical advantages.Heating may can not make higher cold throughput rate have great raising near the region of wellhole, but lower throughput rate may can not bring up to value useful economically.
Use temperature-limiting heater reduce producing well place or neighbouring oil viscosity, with suppress the problem relevant to non-temperature-limiting heater and with the problem of closing due to the oil phase in focus formation.A possible problem is that non-temperature-limiting heater can cause producing well place or neighbouring oily coking if make heater superheated oil because heater is in too high temperature.Temperature in producing well is higher also may cause the salt solution in well to seethe with excitement, and this will cause formation scaling in well.The non-temperature-limiting heater reaching higher temperature also may damage other element (being such as used for controlling the screen cloth of sand, pump or valve) in well.Focus may be to expand against heater due to formation or collapse on heater and cause.In some embodiments, heater (the non-temperature-limiting heater of temperature-limiting heater or other type) has due to lower section sagging in very long heater distance.These lower section can be located in the heavy oil or pitch that wellhole collects compared with lower part.At these lower section, due to heavy oil or asphalt coking, heater may form focus.The non-temperature-limiting heater of standard may be overheated at these focus places, and the length therefore along heater produces uneven heat.Use temperature-limiting heater that heater can be suppressed focus or lower section overheated, and along length of hole provide evenly heating.
In some embodiments, the pyrolysis comprising fluid in the relative permeable formation of heavy hydrocarbon hydrocarbon in the earth formation seldom or under the condition do not had is produced.In some embodiments, the relative permeable formation comprising heavy hydrocarbon is tar sand formation.Such as stratum can be tar sand formation, the Athabasca tar sand formation of such as Canadian Alberta, or carbonate strata, the Grosmont carbonate strata of such as Canadian Alberta.The fluid produced from stratum is moving fluid.Producing moving fluid from tar sand formation may be more more economical than production pyrolyzation fluid.Produce the total amount that moving fluid also can increase the hydrocarbon produced from tar sand formation.
Fig. 3-6 describes the lateral view of the embodiment of producing moving fluid from tar sand formation.In Fig. 3-6, heater 212 has the heating part (heater has the heating part entering or pass paper as shown in the figure) of basic horizontal in hydrocarbon layers 214.Fig. 3 describes the lateral view of the embodiment of producing moving fluid from the tar sand formation with relatively thin hydrocarbon layers.Fig. 4 describes the lateral view of the embodiment of producing moving fluid from thicker hydrocarbon layers (hydrocarbon layers shown in Fig. 4 is thicker than the hydrocarbon layers shown in Fig. 3).Fig. 5 describes the lateral view of the embodiment of producing moving fluid from thicker hydrocarbon layers (hydrocarbon layers shown in Fig. 5 is thicker than the hydrocarbon layers shown in Fig. 4).Fig. 6 describe from have intercalated shale hydrocarbon layers tar sand formation produce the lateral view of the embodiment of moving fluid.
In figure 3, heater 212 is arranged with the delta pattern replaced in hydrocarbon layers 214.In Fig. 4,5 and 6, heater 212 is arranged with the delta pattern replaced in hydrocarbon layers 214, and this mode vertically repeats to surround majority or maximum all hydrocarbon layers.In figure 6, the heater 212 of the delta pattern replaced in hydrocarbon layers 214 repeats to pass uninterrupted through intercalated shale 216.In Fig. 3-6, heater 212 can be spaced equally spacedly.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3-6, the vertical line number of heater 212 depends on that factor is such as but not limited to the thickness of the desired spacing between heater, hydrocarbon layers 214 and/or the quantity of intercalated shale 216 and position.In some embodiments, heater 212 is arranged to other pattern.Such as heater 212 can be arranged such as but not limited to hexagonal shaped pattern, square pattern or rectangular patterns by pattern.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3-6, heater 212 provides and the hydrocarbon in hydrocarbon layers 214 is moved the heat of the viscosity of hydrocarbon (reduce).In some embodiments, the heat that heater 212 provides makes the viscosity of the hydrocarbon in hydrocarbon layers 214 be reduced to lower than about 0.50Pas (500cp), lower than about 0.10Pas (100cp) or lower than about 0.05Pas (50cp).Distance between heater 212 and/or the thermal output of heater can design and/or control that the viscosity of the hydrocarbon in hydrocarbon layers 214 is reduced to desired value.Can the heat that provides of control heater 212, to make seldom or not pyrolysis to occur in hydrocarbon layers 214.Heat superposition between heater can form the one or more passing aways (passage of such as fluid flowing) between heater.In some embodiments, producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B is positioned near heater 212, to be added on producing well from the heat of heater.Be added on producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B from the heat of heater 212 and form one or more passing away from heater to producing well.In some embodiments, one or more passing away converges.Such as passing away can or near minimum heater converge and/or passing away can or converge near producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B.The heat set up due to gravity and heater and/or producing well and the effect of barometric gradient, the moving fluid in hydrocarbon layers 214 trends towards heater 212 minimum in hydrocarbon layers, producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B and flows.Passing away and/or the passing away converged allow the moving fluid in producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B collection hydrocarbon layers 214.
In some embodiments, hydrocarbon layers 214 has enough permeability to enter producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B to allow moving fluid.The permeability of such as hydrocarbon layers 214 can be at least about 0.1 darcy, at least about 1 darcy, at least about 10 darcies or at least about 100 darcies.In some embodiments, hydrocarbon layers 214 has relatively large vertical permeability and horizontal permeability ratio (K
v/ K
h).The such as K of hydrocarbon layers 214
v/ K
hratio can about 0.01 to about between 2, about 0.1 and about between 1 or about 0.3 and about between 0.7.
In some embodiments, fluid is produced by being positioned at hydrocarbon layers 214 compared with the producing well 206A near the heater 212 of lower part.In some embodiments, produce fluid by producing well 206B, the position of producing well 206B lower than and close to hydrocarbon layers 214 compared with the mid point between the heater 212 in lower part.Producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B can be oriented to basic horizontal (as seen in figures 3-6, producing well has the horizontal component entering or pass paper) in hydrocarbon layers 214 at least partially.Producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B can be positioned near lower heater 212 or minimum heater.
In some embodiments, producing well 206A is vertically installed in the below of minimum heater in hydrocarbon layers 214 substantially.Producing well 206A can be set to the heater 212 (bottom apex of the triangular heat device pattern such as shown in Fig. 3-6) lower than heater pattern bottom apex place.Below producing well 206A being vertically installed in substantially minimum heater can collect the moving fluid in hydrocarbon layers 214 effectively.
In some embodiments, the distance bottom minimum heater to hydrocarbon layers 214 about 2 to the distance about between 10m, bottom hydrocarbon layers about 4 to the distance about between 8m or bottom hydrocarbon layers about 5 to about between 7m.In some embodiments, producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B allows to be added on producing well from the heat of heater from the distance of minimum heater 212, but suppresses again in the coking of producing well place from the distance of heater.Distance between producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B and nearest heater (such as minimum heater) mostly is 3/4 of the spacing of the heater in heater pattern (triangle pattern of the heater such as shown in Fig. 3-6) most.In some embodiments, producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B is maximum 2/3, maximum 1/2 or maximum 1/3 of the spacing of heater in heater pattern from the distance of nearest heater.In some embodiments, producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B from minimum heater about 2 to about between 10m, from minimum heater about 4 to about between 8m or from minimum heater about 5 to about between 7m.Distance bottom producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B to hydrocarbon layers 214 about 0.5 to the distance about between 8m, bottom hydrocarbon layers about 1 to the distance about between 5m or bottom hydrocarbon layers about 2 to about between 4m.
In some embodiments, at least some producing well 206A is vertically installed in the below of the heater 212 near intercalated shale 216 substantially, as shown in Figure 6.Producing well 206A can between heater 212 and intercalated shale 216, with the fluid producing above intercalated shale flowing and collect.Intercalated shale 216 may be impermeable shielding in hydrocarbon layers 214.In some embodiments, intercalated shale 216 thickness about 1 to about between 6m, about 2 to about between 5m or about 3 to about between 4m.As shown in Figure 6, producing well 206A between heater 212 and intercalated shale 216 can produce fluid from hydrocarbon layers 214 top (above intercalated shale), and the producing well 206A below minimum heater in hydrocarbon layers can produce fluid from hydrocarbon layers bottom (below intercalated shale).In some embodiments, two or more intercalated shales may be there are in hydrocarbon layers.In such an implementation, producing well be arranged on each intercalated shale place or near, with the fluid producing above intercalated shale flowing and collect.
In some embodiments, when intercalated shale is heated by the heater 212 of intercalated shale either side, intercalated shale 216 breaks (desiccation).Because intercalated shale 216 breaks, the permeability of intercalated shale increases, and intercalated shale allows fluid to flow through intercalated shale.Once fluid can flow through intercalated shale 216, the producing well above intercalated shale may just not need for production, because fluid can flow to producing well bottom hydrocarbon layers 214 or neighbouring and produce there.
In some embodiments, the minimum heater above intercalated shale 216 to the distance of intercalated shale at about 2m and about between 10m, to the distance of intercalated shale at about 4m with about between 8m or to the distance of intercalated shale at about 5m with about between 7m.The distance of the minimum heater above producing well 206A to intercalated shale 216 in the distance of about 2m and the minimum heater about between 10m, above intercalated shale in the distance of about 4m and the minimum heater about between 8m or above intercalated shale at about 5m with about between 7m.Producing well 206A to the distance of intercalated shale 216 at about 0.5m and about between 8m, to the distance of intercalated shale at about 1m with about between 5m or to the distance of intercalated shale at about 2m with about between 4m.
In some embodiments, in producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B, heat is provided, as seen in figures 3-6.In producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B, provide heat can keep and/or improve the motility of fluid in producing well.The heat provided in producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B can superpose with the heat from heater 212, forms the flow channel from heater to producing well.In some embodiments, producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B comprises pump, so that fluid is moved out to surface of stratum.In some embodiments, utilize heater and/or inject thinner (such as utilize the conduit of producing well to inject and penetrate thinner), the viscosity of the fluid (oil) in producing well 206A and/or producing well 206B is reduced.
In some embodiments, except situ heat treatment process, drive method (steam injection method, solvent injection method or carbon dioxide injection method that such as such as cyclic steam injects) for the treatment of tar sand formation.In some embodiments, heater is used in the earth formation for driving method forms high osmosis district (or injection zone).Heater may be used for forming kinematic geometry structure in the earth formation or producing network, flows through stratum to allow fluid during driving method.Such as, heater may be used between heater and producing well for driving method forms passing away.In some embodiments, heater is used for providing heat during driving method.The heat that heater provides may be less than heat input (heat such as from steam injection inputs) of driving method.
In some embodiments, method (such as steam injection method) is driven for before heat treating process in position, fluid to be moved.Steam injection may be used for making hydrocarbon (oil) away from the rock in stratum or other layer.Steam injection can make oil move, and does not heat rock.
In some embodiments, method is driven to be used for process and production hydrocarbon from stratum.Driving method can from a small amount of oil (being such as less than the recovery ratio from formation crude position extraction oil of 20%) of formation crude position extraction.Situ heat treatment process may be used for driving method after to increase from the recovery ratio of formation crude position extraction oil.In some embodiments, driving method is the pre-hot formation of situ heat treatment process.In some embodiments, after the process of driving method has been used on stratum, stratum is with situ heat treatment process treatment considerable time (such as after driving method, use situ heat treatment process 1 year, 2 years or 3 years).
Embodiment
The following describes the non-limiting example of heating tar sand formation.
STARS simulation (Computer Model l ing Group, LTD., Calgary, Alberta, Canada) is for simulating the heater well pattern heating tar sand formation adopted shown in Fig. 3.In tar sand formation, heater has the horizontal length of 600m.The rate of heat addition of heater is about 750W/m.Producing well 206B shown in Fig. 3 is used as the producing well in simulation.The bottom pressure of horizontal production well maintains about 690kPa.The character of tar sand formation is based on Athabasca Tar sands.The input character of tar sand formation simulation comprises: initial porosity=0.28; Initial oil is saturated=and 0.8; Initial water is saturated=and 0.2; Initial free gas is saturated=and 0.0; Initial perpendicular permeability=250 millidarcy; Initial level permeability=500 millidarcy; Initial K
v/ K
h=0.5; Hydrocarbon layers thickness=28m; The hydrocarbon layers degree of depth=587m; Initial reservoir pressure=3771kPa; Producing well and hydrocarbon layers are compared with the distance=2.5m of lower boundary; Distance=the 9m of the highest heater and superstratum; Distance=9.5m between heater; Initial hydrocarbon layers temperature=18.6 DEG C; Viscosity=53Pas (53000cp) under initial temperature; And gas-oil ratio (the GOR)=50 standard cubic foots/standard drum in tar.The heater of heater to be wattage be constant, the maximum temperature on sand surface is 538 DEG C, and heater power is 755W/m.Heater well diameter is 15.2cm.
Fig. 7 describes with the temperature profile after 360 days of STARS simulation in stratum.Hottest point is positioned at or close to heater 212.The temperature of the ground layer segment between temperature profile display heater is higher than other ground layer segment.These hotter parts form more motility between heater, and form fluid in the earth formation towards the flow channel that producing well is discharged downwards.
Fig. 8 describes with the saturated sectional drawing of oil after 360 days of STARS simulation in stratum.The saturated scale of oil of display 0.00 to oily saturated be 100% 1.00 between.Oil saturation scale shows on side slat.In 360 days, oil saturated some heater 880 and producing well 206B place lower.Fig. 9 describes with the saturated sectional drawing of oil after 1095 days of STARS simulation in stratum.After 1095 days, the saturated comprehensive decline of the oil in stratum, the saturated decline of oil near heater and between heater is more.Figure 10 describes with the saturated sectional drawing of oil after 1470 days of STARS simulation in stratum.Oil in Figure 10 saturated sectional drawing display oil is motion and the comparatively lower part flowing towards stratum.Figure 11 describes with the saturated sectional drawing of oil after 1826 days of STARS simulation in stratum.The oil on major part stratum is saturated all lower, and bottom the stratum of producing well 206B lower part or to have some higher oil near it saturated.The most of oil that the saturated sectional drawing of oil describes in stratum was produced after 1826 days from stratum.
Figure 12 describes with the temperature profile after 1826 days of STARS simulation in stratum.Temperature profile display is except heater 212 place and stratum extreme portion (corner) place, and the temperature profile in stratum is relatively uniform.Temperature profile is presented between heater and producing well 206B and defines flow channel.
Figure 13 describes the gentle throughput rate 220 (ft of oily throughput rate 218 (bucket/sky) (left axle)
3/ sky) relation of (right axle) and time (year).The gentle output figure line of oil output shows, when producing early stage (0-1.5) and producing oil, to only have a small amount of gas generation.At the heavier motion oil that the oil produced this period is most possibly non-pyrolysis.After about 1.5 years, gas output increases sharply and oily output falls sharply.Gas throughput rate reduced fast about 2 years time.Then oily output slowly increases, until reached maximum output near about 3.75.Then because the oil consumption in stratum is most, oily output slowly declines.
According to STARS simulation, the ratio that the Energy transmission (the gentle energy content of oil of production) after about 5 years calculated and energy input (heater in stratum inputs) is about 12 to 1.After about 5 years, the oily original position overall recovery factor percentage calculated is about 60%.Therefore, utilize the embodiment of the heater shown in Fig. 3 and producing well pattern to produce oil from tar sand formation can obtain high oil recovery and high Energy transmission and input ratio with energy.
Based on this manual, other improvement of various aspects of the present invention and alternate embodiment may be obvious for a person skilled in the art.Therefore, this manual will be counted as being only illustrative, its object is to instruction those skilled in the art and implement general fashion of the present invention.The form of the present invention providing and describe should be understood herein and will be counted as preferred embodiment at present.Some key elements and material can replace describing herein and illustrate those, some parts and technique can put upside down and can be used alone with some feature of the present invention, all these are after benefiting from description of the invention, are all obvious for a person skilled in the art.Can change in the key element described in this article, only otherwise depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention be described in following claim.In addition, it will be appreciated that and feature independence described herein can be combined in some embodiments.
Claims (24)
1. process a system for tar sand formation, comprising:
Be arranged in multiple heaters on stratum, wherein heater comprises the heating part of at least part of level being arranged in stratum hydrocarbon layers at least partly, described heating part presses pattern setting at least partly in hydrocarbon layers, and heater is set to provide heat to hydrocarbon layers, the heat provided produces multiple passing aways of moving fluid, and at least two in passing away are converged; With
Producing well, its passing away being set to converge from hydrocarbon layers is collected and produces moving fluid.
2. the system of claim 1, the heat wherein from heater is set to be added at least partly producing well, to form the passage that at least some moving fluid flows to producing well.
3. the system of claim 1 or 2, wherein producing well is arranged so that at least some formation fluid is discharged to producing well.
4. the system any one of claim 1-3, wherein producing well comprises the heater providing heat at least part of stratum around producing well and producing well.
5. the system any one of claim 1-4, wherein producing well is set to from stratum production at least some pyrolyzation fluid.
6. the system any one of claim 1-5, system be also included in producing well be used for shifting out from stratum fluid pump.
7. the system any one of claim 1-6, wherein heater is elongated heater.
8. the system any one of claim 1-7, wherein said pattern comprises heating part, and the distance between the heating part in pattern is equal.
9. the system any one of claim 1-8, wherein said pattern is the triangle pattern of heating part.
10. the system any one of claim 1-9, wherein system also comprises the vapour source being set to provide steam to stratum.
System any one of 11. claim 1-10, wherein the pattern of heating part comprises towards the summit of hydrocarbon layers bottom alignment.
The system of 12. claims 11, wherein producing well be set near or lower than the summit towards hydrocarbon layers bottom alignment.
System any one of 13. claim 1-12, wherein producing well is arranged so that the heat from least one heater is heated to the hydrocarbon layers of small part near producing well.
System any one of 14. claim 1-13, wherein producing well be set to from the distance of nearest heater be the maximum of the spacing of heater in pattern
2/
3, at most
1/
2or at most
1/
3, and/or producing well is set between nearest heater 2 to 10m, between nearest heater 4 to 8m or between nearest heater 5 to 7m.
15. 1 kinds of methods using the system process tar sand formation any one of claim 1-14, described method comprises:
Heat is provided at least part of hydrocarbon layers on stratum by the multiple heaters being arranged in stratum;
At least some moving fluid is allowed to flow to producing well along passing away and/or the passing away that converges from stratum; With
By producing at least some moving fluid in producing well.
The method of 16. claims 15, wherein producing well is set to lower than the summit towards hydrocarbon layers bottom alignment.
The method of 17. claims 15 or 16, also comprises and provides heat from heater to hydrocarbon layers, to make heat be added at least partly producing well, to form the passage that at least some moving fluid flows to producing well.
Method any one of 18. claim 15-17, also comprises and allows the fluid in hydrocarbon layers to be discharged in producing well along passing away and/or the passing away that converges.
Method any one of 19. claim 15-18, is also included in producing well and provides heat to provide heat at least part of stratum around producing well and producing well.
Method any one of 20. claim 15-19, also comprises production at least some pyrolyzation fluid from stratum.
Method any one of 21. claim 15-20, also comprises and pumps fluid to surface of stratum.
Method any one of 22. claim 15-21, also comprises and provides steam to stratum.
The composition of 23. hydrocarbon comprising the system any one of claim 1-14 of use or use the method any one of claim 15-22 to produce.
24. transport fuels be made up of the composition of claim 23.
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| CNA2006800442034A CN101316984A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands with heat created drainage paths |
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| CNA2006800442034A Pending CN101316984A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands with heat created drainage paths |
| CNA2006800441440A Pending CN101316913A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Methods of producing alkylated hydrocarbons from a liquid produced from an in situ heat treatment |
| CN2006800394933A Expired - Fee Related CN101297096B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | System and method for heating hydrocarbon containing formation and method for installing system in formation opening |
| CN2006800447682A Active CN101316982B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Cogeneration systems and processes for treating hydrocarbon containing formations |
| CN200680044224.6A Expired - Fee Related CN101316916B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Hydrotreated liquid logistics is to remove the method for clogging compounds |
| CN2006800432738A Expired - Fee Related CN101313126B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Solution mining systems and methods for treating hydrocarbon containing formations |
| CN201510064077.XA Active CN104763396B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | The system and method that the passing away generated using heat produces hydrocarbon from Tar sands |
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| CNA2006800441440A Pending CN101316913A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Methods of producing alkylated hydrocarbons from a liquid produced from an in situ heat treatment |
| CN2006800394933A Expired - Fee Related CN101297096B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | System and method for heating hydrocarbon containing formation and method for installing system in formation opening |
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-
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- 2006-10-20 CN CNA2006800442034A patent/CN101316984A/en active Pending
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- 2006-10-20 CN CN201510064077.XA patent/CN104763396B/en active Active
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2008
- 2008-03-28 ZA ZA200802759A patent/ZA200802759B/en unknown
- 2008-03-28 ZA ZA200802758A patent/ZA200802758B/en unknown
- 2008-04-01 ZA ZA200802850A patent/ZA200802850B/en unknown
- 2008-04-10 ZA ZA200803159A patent/ZA200803159B/en unknown
- 2008-04-10 ZA ZA200803161A patent/ZA200803161B/en unknown
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101316982A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| CN101297021A (en) | 2008-10-29 |
| ZA200802758B (en) | 2009-01-28 |
| CN101316916B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| ZA200803160B (en) | 2009-01-28 |
| ZA200803161B (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| CN101316982B (en) | 2012-06-20 |
| CN101316913A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| ZA200803158B (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| ZA200803321B (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| ZA200802759B (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| CN104763396B (en) | 2018-08-10 |
| CN101316916A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| CN101316983A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| ZA200802850B (en) | 2008-12-31 |
| CN101316983B (en) | 2012-11-28 |
| CN101297096B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
| CN101316984A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| CN101313126A (en) | 2008-11-26 |
| ZA200803159B (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| CN101313126B (en) | 2013-01-16 |
| ZA200803322B (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| CN101297096A (en) | 2008-10-29 |
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