CN101316982B - Cogeneration systems and processes for treating hydrocarbon containing formations - Google Patents
Cogeneration systems and processes for treating hydrocarbon containing formations Download PDFInfo
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- CN101316982B CN101316982B CN2006800447682A CN200680044768A CN101316982B CN 101316982 B CN101316982 B CN 101316982B CN 2006800447682 A CN2006800447682 A CN 2006800447682A CN 200680044768 A CN200680044768 A CN 200680044768A CN 101316982 B CN101316982 B CN 101316982B
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
A system for treating a hydrocarbon containing formation (212) includes a steam and electricity cogeneration facility (218) . At least one injection well (216) is located in a first portion of the formation. The injection well is configured to provide steam from the steam and electricity cogeneration facility to the first portion. At least one production well (206A) is located in the first portion. The production well is configured to produce first hydrocarbons. At least one electrical heater (214) is located in the first portion and/or a second portion of the formation and is configured to be powered by electricity from the steam and electricity cogeneration facility. At least one production well is located in the first portion and/or the second portion. The production well is configured to produce second hydrocarbons. The steam and electricity cogeneration facility is configured to use the first hydrocarbons and/or the second hydrocarbons to generate electricity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relate in general to be used for from various subsurface formations for example hydrocarbon containing formation produce the method and system of hydrocarbon, hydrogen and/or other products.Particularly, some embodiments relate to and inject the combination of gathering with the in-situ treatment hydrocarbon containing formation with steam and use steam and Electricity Federation product equipment.
Background technology
The hydrocarbon that from subsurface formations, obtains usually as the energy, as raw material with as the consumer goods.The worry that obtainable hydrocarbon source is exhausted and the worry that the gross mass of the hydrocarbon produced descends caused having developed the method for gathering more effectively, processing and/or using obtainable hydrocarbon source.Can use in-situ method from subsurface formations, to shift out hydrocarbon materials.Possibly need to change the chemistry and/or the physical property of the hydrocarbon materials in the subsurface formations, from subsurface formations, shift out with being more prone to allow hydrocarbon materials.Chemistry and physical change can comprise the reaction in-situ of the viscosity variation that produces extensible fluid, forms hydrocarbon materials in variation, changes in solubility, variable density, phase transformation and/or the stratum.Fluid can be but be not limited to gas, liquid, emulsion, slurry and/or have the logistics with the solid particle of the similar flow performance of liquid flow.
In the North America, South America, Africa and Asia find big heavy hydrocarbon (mink cell focus and/or the pitch) reserves that (for example in Tar sands) comprise in impermeable relatively stratum.Tar can become lighter hydrocarbon such as crude oil, naphtha, kerosene and/or gas oil by surface mining with upgrading.The ground ore dressing is handled pitch is separated with sand.The pitch that separates can use conventional method of refining to change into light hydrocarbon.Compare than lighter hydrocarbons with from the oily reservoir of routine, producing, mining and upgrading Tar sands are obviously more expensive usually.
The produced in situ hydrocarbon can adopt heating and/or gas injected the stratum realize from Tar sands.People's such as Ostapovich United States Patent(USP) No. 5211230 and the United States Patent(USP) No. 5339897 of Leaute have been described the horizontal production well that is arranged in oil reservoirs.Vertical conduit can be used to that oxidant gas is injected reservoir and is used for situ combustion.
The United States Patent(USP) No. 2780450 of Ljungstrom has been described original position heating bituminous geo-logical terrain and has been made conversion of tar liquid shape material or cracking for oily gentle.
People's such as Ware United States Patent(USP) No. 4597441 has been described at reservoir PetroChina Company Limited., heat and hydrogen and has been contacted simultaneously, and hydrogenation can improve the recovery ratio of oil from reservoir.
People's such as the United States Patent(USP) No. 5046559 of Glandt and Glandt No.5060726 has described the part tar sand formation between preheating injector well and the producing well.Can steam be injected in the stratum to produce hydrocarbon at producing well from injector well.
As stated, do a large amount of effort and developed the method and system of producing hydrocarbon, hydrogen and/or other products from hydrocarbon containing formation economically.Through steam inject and the situ heat treatment method the two produce hydrocarbon and can increase from the overall recovery factor of the hydrocarbon of hydrocarbon containing formation.Use two kinds of methods maybe be more economically than the arbitrary method of independent use.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of describing among this paper relates in general to system, method and the heater that is used to handle subsurface formations.The embodiment of describing among this paper also relates in general to the heater that wherein has novel component.Through using the system and method for describing among this paper can obtain this type heater.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides one or more systems, method and/or heater.In some embodiments, this system, method and/or heater are used to handle subsurface formations.
In some embodiments, the present invention is provided for handling the system of hydrocarbon containing formation, comprising: equipment is produced in steam and Electricity Federation; Be positioned at least one injector well of stratum first, this injector well is configured to from steam and Electricity Federation product equipment the first of steam to the stratum is provided; Be positioned at least one producing well of stratum first, this producing well is configured to produce first hydrocarbon; Be positioned at least one electric heater of stratum first and/or stratum second portion, at least one in this electric heater is configured to by supplying with power from the electricity of steam and Electricity Federation product equipment; Be positioned at least one producing well of stratum first and/or stratum second portion, this producing well is configured to produce second hydrocarbon; Produce equipment with steam and Electricity Federation, it is configured to use first hydrocarbon and/or the generating of second hydrocarbon.
In some embodiments, the present invention is provided for handling the method for hydrocarbon containing formation, comprising: first provides steam to the stratum; First produces first hydrocarbon from the stratum; To stratum first and/or stratum second portion heat is provided from one or more electric heaters; The heat that allows to provide is delivered to stratum first and/or stratum second portion from heater; Second portion is produced second hydrocarbon from the stratum; With in steam and Electricity Federation product equipment, use first hydrocarbon and/or second hydrocarbon, wherein this equipment provides steam and provides to heater to stratum first.
In further embodiment, capable of being combined from specific embodiments characteristic and from the characteristic of other embodiment.For example the characteristic from an embodiment can make up with the characteristic from any other embodiment.
In further embodiment, use any method, system or heater described herein, carry out the processing of subsurface formations.
In further embodiment, can add additional characteristic in specific embodiments described herein.
Description of drawings
Benefiting under following detailed description and the situation with reference to accompanying drawing, advantage of the present invention will become obviously for a person skilled in the art, wherein:
Fig. 1 has described the explanation to the stage of heating hydrocarbon containing formation.
Fig. 2 has provided the sketch map of embodiment of the part of the situ heat treatment system that is used to handle hydrocarbon containing formation.
Accompanying drawing 3 has been described the sketch map that is used for producing from hydrocarbon containing formation the embodiment of hydrocarbon.
Although the present invention is easy to carry out various improvement and alternative form, its specific embodiments provides through the by way of example in the accompanying drawing, and can describe in detail herein.Accompanying drawing possibly not be pro rata.Yet, should be appreciated that accompanying drawing and detailed description thereof are not intended to limit the invention to particular forms disclosed, on the contrary, the present invention intends and covers spirit of the present invention and interior all improvement, equivalence and the replacement scheme of scope that drops on the accompanying claims definition.
The specific embodiment
Following explanation relate generally to is handled the System and method for of the hydrocarbon in the stratum.This stratum be can handle and hydrocarbon product, hydrogen and other products obtained.
" hydrocarbon " is normally defined the molecule that is mainly formed by carbon and hydrogen atom.Hydrocarbon also can comprise other element, such as but not limited to halogen, metallic element, nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulphur.Hydrocarbon can be but be not limited to kerogen, pitch, pyrobitumen, oil, natural mineral wax and natural rock asphalt.Hydrocarbon can be positioned at intracrustal matrices or adjacent with it.Parent rock can include but not limited to sedimentary rock, sand, silicate, carbonate, kieselguhr and other porous media." hydrocarbon fluid " is the fluid that comprises hydrocarbon.Hydrocarbon fluid can comprise, carries secretly or be entrained in the non-hydrocarbon fluids, and said non-hydrocarbon fluids is hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, water and ammonia for example.
" stratum " comprises one or more layers hydrocarbon bearing formation, one or more layers nonhydrocarbon layer, superstratum and/or underlying strata." superstratum " and/or " underlying strata " comprises one type or more how inhomogeneous impermeable material.For example superstratum and/or underlying strata can comprise rock, shale, mud stone or wet/tight carbonate.In position in some embodiments of heat treating process; Superstratum and/or underlying strata can comprise one deck hydrocarbon bearing formation or multilayer hydrocarbon bearing formation, and said hydrocarbon bearing formation is impermeable relatively and do not have experience to cause the temperature in the situ heat treatment process of the remarkable characteristic variations of hydrocarbon bearing formation in superstratum and/or the underlying strata.For example underlying strata can comprise shale or mud stone, but does not allow to heat under the pyrolysis temperature during the situ heat treatment method is arrived in the superstratum.In some cases, superstratum and/or underlying strata can have some permeability.
" formation fluid " is meant the fluid that is present in the stratum, and can comprise pyrolyzation fluid, synthesis gas, moving fluid, visbreaking fluid and water (steam).Formation fluid can comprise hydrocarbon fluid and non-hydrocarbon fluids.Fluid in the hydrocarbon containing formation that the result as the heat treatment stratum that is meant term " moving fluid " can flow." visbreaking fluid " is meant the fluid that reduces because of stratum heat treatment viscosity.
" fluid of being produced " is meant the formation fluid that from the stratum, shifts out.
" thermal source " is to provide heat to arrive any system at least a portion stratum through conduction and/or radiant heat transfer basically.For example thermal source can comprise electric heater, for example insulated electric conductor, elongate member and/or the conductor in conduit, arranged.Thermal source also can comprise the system that generates heat through or internal-combustion fuel outside on the stratum.This system can be the burner of surface combustion burner, downhole gas burner, aphlogistic distributed combustion device and NATURAL DISTRIBUTION.The heat that in some embodiments, can in one or more thermals source, provide or generate through other energy supply.Other energy can directly heat the stratum, perhaps can apply energy to transmitting on the medium, and said transmission medium directly or indirectly heats the stratum.The one or more thermals source that apply heat to the stratum should be understood and the different energy can be used.Therefore; For example for given stratum; Some thermal source can be supplied heat by resistance heater; Some thermal source can provide heat by burning, and some thermal source can provide heat by one or more other energy (for example chemical reaction, solar energy, wind energy, biological substance or other reproducible energy).Chemical reaction can comprise exothermic reaction (for example oxidation reaction).Thermal source also can comprise provide heat arrive with the heating location adjacent area and/or in its peripheral region the heater of heater well for example.
" heater " is in well, perhaps to generate hot any system or thermal source in the nigh well bore region.Heater can be but be not limited to electric heater, burner, with the burner of material in the stratum or the material reaction that from the stratum, produces and/or their combination.
" situ heat treatment method " is meant that the temperature of layer is elevated on mobile or visbreaking or the pyrolysis temperature so that in the stratum, produce the method for flowing fluid, visbreaking fluid or pyrolyzation fluid to incite somebody to action at least partially with thermal source heating hydrocarbon containing formation.
" temperature-limiting heater " typically refers to and do not using external control for example on assigned temperature, to regulate the heater of thermal output (for example reducing thermal output) under the situation of temperature controller, power governor, rectifier or miscellaneous equipment.Temperature-limiting heater can be the resistance heater of (for example " copped wave ") DC (DC current) power supply of AC (alternating current) or modulation.
Term " wellhole " is meant through the hole in the stratum of in the stratum, drilling or inserting conduit formation.Wellhole can have circular basically cross section, perhaps is other cross sectional shape.Term as used herein " well " and " opening " can exchange with term " wellhole " and use when the opening that is meant in the stratum.
" u-shape wellhole " is meant that first opening from the stratum extends through the wellhole of at least a portion stratum and the second opening pass-out in the stratum.In this context, wellhole can only be roughly the shape of " v " or " u ", is understood that for the wellhole that is considered to " u-shape ", and " leg " that be somebody's turn to do " u " do not need parallel or vertical with " bottom " of " u ".
" visbreaking " be meant that separating of in heat treatment fluid molecule twined and/or in heat treatment big molecular breakdown be the reduction that little molecule causes fluid viscosity.
" pyrolysis " is owing to apply the chemical bond rupture that heat causes.For example pyrolysis can comprise through independent heating compound is changed into one or more other materials.Heat can be transferred on a part of stratum to cause pyrolysis.
" pyrolyzation fluid " or " pyrolysis product " is meant the fluid that in the process of pyrolysed hydrocarbon, produces basically.The fluid that produces through pyrolytic reaction can mix with other fluid in the stratum.This mixture will be regarded as pyrolyzation fluid or pyrolysis product." pyrolysis zone " as used herein is meant and reacted or reacted the stratum volume (for example permeable relatively stratum is like tar sand formation) that forms pyrolyzation fluid.
" cracking " is meant that the decomposition and the molecular recombination that include organic compounds compare the process of bigger quantity molecule at first to produce.In cracking process, follow that a series of reaction takes place in the transfer of hydrogen atom between the molecule.For example naphtha can pass through heat cracking reaction and form ethene and H
2
" heat stack " is meant from two or more thermals source provides heat to selected ground layer segment, thereby makes the formation temperature of at least one position between the thermal source receive the influence of thermal source.
" fluid pressure " is the pressure that the fluid in the stratum produces." lithostatic pressure " (being sometimes referred to as " rock static stress ") is the pressure in the stratum, equals the weight of overlying strata stone material on the unit area." hydrostatic pressure " is the pressure that water column is applied to the stratum.
" API Gravity " is meant the API Gravity at 15.5 ℃ (60 ℉).API Gravity is confirmed with ASTM method D6822.
Layer " thickness " is meant the thickness of layer cross section, and wherein cross section is vertical with aspect.
" heavy hydrocarbon " is the hydrocarbon fluid of thickness.Heavy hydrocarbon can comprise high sticking hydrocarbon fluid, like mink cell focus, tar and/or pitch.Heavy hydrocarbon can comprise carbon and hydrogen and than sulphur, oxygen and the nitrogen of small concentration.Other element that also can have trace in the heavy hydrocarbon.Heavy hydrocarbon can be classified with API Gravity.The API Gravity of heavy hydrocarbon is usually less than about 20 °.For example the API Gravity of mink cell focus is about 10-20 ° usually, and the API Gravity of tar is usually less than about 10 °.The viscosity of heavy hydrocarbon under 15 ℃ is usually greater than about 100 centipoises.Heavy hydrocarbon can comprise aromatic hydrocarbons or other complicated cyclic hydrocarbon.
Can in permeable relatively stratum, find heavy hydrocarbon.Permeable relatively stratum can comprise the hydrocarbon that is entrained in sand for example or the carbonate." permeable relatively " is defined as for the average permeability in stratum or part stratum is 10 millidarcies or bigger (for example 10 millidarcies or 100 millidarcies)." hypotonicity relatively " is defined as for the average permeability in stratum or part stratum and is lower than about 10 millidarcies.1 darcy equals about 0.99 square millimeter.The permeability of impermeable barrier is usually less than about 0.1 millidarcy.
" tar " is that viscosity under 15 ℃ is usually greater than the viscous hydrocarbon of about 10000 centipoises.The proportion of tar surpasses 1.000 usually.The API Gravity of tar can be less than 10 °.
" tar sand formation " is the stratum that mainly exists with heavy hydrocarbon and/or the tar form that is entrained in ore particle skeleton or other host rock (for example sand or carbonate) of hydrocarbon wherein.Tar sand formation comprises stratum for example Athabasca tar sand formation and Grosmont carbonate strata, and the two is all at Canadian Alberta.
In some cases, some or all hydrocarbon parts of permeable formation can mainly be heavy hydrocarbon and/or tar relatively, and do not support the ore particle framework and floating (or not having) mineral matter (for example pitch lake) is only arranged.
Some type that contains the heavy hydrocarbon stratum also can be but be not limited to natural mineral wax or natural asphalt." natural mineral wax " appears in the mineral ore that is essentially tubulose usually, and it can be wide several meters, long number kilometer and dark hundreds of rice." natural asphalt " comprises the solid hydrocarbons of aromatic composition, and appears at usually in the big mineral ore.For example natural mineral wax and natural asphalt can comprise that fusion forms liquid hydrocarbon and/or solution mining hydrocarbon from the stratum to recovery of hydrocarbons from the formation crude position.
" upgrading " is meant the quality that improves hydrocarbon.For example upgrading of heavy hydrocarbons can make the API Gravity of heavy hydrocarbon improve.
Hydrocarbon in can the treated in various ways stratum is to make many different products.In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon in the stratum is handled stage by stage.Fig. 1 has described the explanation to the stage of heating hydrocarbon containing formation.Fig. 1 also described from the formation fluid on stratum in the productive rate (" Y ") (y axle) of barrels of oil equivalent/ton in ℃ the example of temperature (" T ") (x axle) on heating stratum.
The desorb of methane and the vaporization of water appearred between 1 period of heating of stage.Can as far as possible promptly carry out through stage 1 heating stratum.For example when at first hydrocarbon containing formation being heated, the adsorbed methane of hydrocarbon desorb in the stratum.Methane that can production desorb from the stratum.If hydrocarbon containing formation is further heated, the then water vapor in the hydrocarbon containing formation.In some hydrocarbon containing formations, water can occupy the 10-50% of the pore volume in the stratum.In other stratum, water occupies the pore volume of greater or lesser ratio.Water is vaporized under the pressure of 600-7000kPa absolute pressure at 160-285 ℃ in the stratum usually.In some embodiments, the strata pressure of variation of the wetability in the water generates stratum of vaporization and/or increase.The pressure that this wetability changes and/or increases can influence pyrolytic reaction or other reaction in the stratum.In some embodiments, from the stratum, produce the water of vaporization.In other embodiments, the water of vaporization is used on the stratum or the drawing gas and/or distill of stratum outside.Water is discharged from the stratum and the pore volume that improves in the stratum has increased the storage area of hydrocarbon in the pore volume.
In some embodiments, after stage 1 heating, the stratum is further heated, so that the temperature in the stratum reaches (at least) the initial pyrolysis temperature temperature of the temperature range lower end shown in the stage 2 (for example).Hydrocarbon in the stratum maybe the stage 2 by pyrolysis.Pyrolysis temperature range depends on the kind of hydrocarbon in the stratum and changes.Pyrolysis temperature range can comprise 250-900 ℃ temperature.The pyrolysis temperature range that is used to produce desirable product can extend through the only part of total pyro lysis temperature temperature range.In some embodiments, the pyrolysis temperature range that is used to produce desirable product can comprise 250-400 ℃ temperature or 270-350 ℃ temperature.If the temperature of hydrocarbon slowly raises and passes through 250-400 ℃ temperature in the stratum, then the production of pyrolysis product possibly accomplished basically when temperature reaches 400 ℃.The average temperature of hydrocarbon can less than 5 ℃/day, less than 2 ℃/day, less than 1 ℃/day or less than 0.5 ℃/day speed under raise through being used to produce the pyrolysis temperature range of desirable product.Can around thermal source, set up thermal gradient with a plurality of thermal source heating hydrocarbon containing formations, pass through pyrolysis temperature range with the temperature of hydrocarbon in the slow rising stratum.
The temperature increase rate of the pyrolysis temperature range through being used for desirable product possibly influence the quality and the quantity of the formation fluid of producing from hydrocarbon containing formation.The slow rising of temperature possibly suppressed flowing of stratum long-chain molecule through the pyrolysis temperature range that is used for desirable product.The slow rising of temperature possibly is limited in the reaction that produces undesirable product between the mobile hydrocarbon through the pyrolysis temperature range that is used for desirable product.Can be with the pyrolysis temperature range that the temperature on stratum slowly raises through being used for desirable product so that produce the hydrocarbon of high-quality, high API Gravity from the stratum.Can be so that a large amount of hydrocarbon that taking-up exists on the stratum as hydrocarbon product with slow rising of temperature on stratum through the pyrolysis temperature range that is used for desirable product.
In some situ heat treatment embodiments, with a part of stratum be heated to temperature desired rather than slowly heating make temperature pass through temperature range.In some embodiments, temperature desired is 300 ℃, 325 ℃ or 350 ℃.The temperature that can select other is as temperature desired.Make from the stack of the heat of thermal source and in the stratum, to set up temperature desired relatively rapidly and effectively.Energy input in can regulating from the thermal source to the stratum is to remain on the temperature in the stratum under the temperature desired basically.The stratum of heating part remained under the temperature desired to reduce up to pyrolysis basically make that from the stratum, producing desirable formation fluid becomes uneconomical.The ground layer segment that stands pyrolysis can comprise through only being brought into the zone in the pyrolysis temperature range by a thermal source heat transfer.
In some embodiments, from the stratum, produce the formation fluid that comprises pyrolyzation fluid.When the stratum temperature increased, the quantity of condensable hydrocarbon possibly reduce in the formation fluid of production.At high temperature, the stratum maybe most of methane of output and/or hydrogen.If through whole pyrolysis range, then for the upper limit of pyrolysis range, the stratum maybe the only a spot of hydrogen of output with the hydrocarbon containing formation heating.After all obtainable hydrogen exhaustions, with the fluid-withdrawal rate that occurs usually from the minimum number on stratum.
After the hydrocarbon pyrolysis, a large amount of carbon possibly still be present in the stratum with some hydrogen.Being retained in the form that the carbon of the obvious ratio in the stratum can synthesis gas produces from the stratum.Between 3 periods of heating of stage of in Fig. 1, describing, synthesis gas can occur and generate.Stage 3 can comprise hydrocarbon containing formation is heated to the temperature that is enough to make that synthesis gas generates.For example can in about 1200 ℃ of about 400-, the about 1100 ℃ of temperature ranges that perhaps about 550-is about 1000 ℃ of about 500-, produce synthesis gas.When the fluid that will produce synthesis gas is introduced the stratum, the composition of the synthesis gas that the temperature of the heating part on stratum has determined in the stratum, to produce.Can from the stratum, shift out the synthesis gas that is produced through producing well.
During pyrolysis and synthesis gas generation, it is constant relatively that the total energy content of the fluid of from hydrocarbon containing formation, producing can keep.During pyrolysis under the low relatively formation temperature, obviously the fluid of being produced of ratio can be the condensable hydrocarbons with high energy content.Yet under higher pyrolysis temperature, less formation fluid can comprise condensable hydrocarbon.More can not condensable formation fluids can from the stratum, produce.Be mainly can not the generation of condensable formation fluids during, the energy content of the fluid of being produced of per unit volume possibly reduce a little.During synthesis gas produces, to compare with the energy content of pyrolyzation fluid, the energy content of the synthesis gas of being produced of per unit volume obviously reduces.Yet the volume of the synthesis gas of production will obviously increase in many cases, remedy the energy content of reduction thus.
Fig. 2 has described the sketch map of handling a part of situ heat treatment system implementation scheme of hydrocarbon containing formation.The situ heat treatment system can comprise barrier wells 200.Use barrier wells around processing region, to form screen layer.The screen layer suppression fluid flows out and/or the inflow processing region.Barrier wells includes but not limited to dewatering well, vacuum well, capture well, injector well, mud well, freeze or their combination.In some embodiments, barrier wells 200 is dewatering wells.Dewatering well can be removed liquid water and/or suppress liquid water and get in the stratum of perhaps heating in a part of stratum to be heated.In the embodiment that Fig. 2 describes, provided the barrier wells 200 of only extending, but barrier wells is typically surrounded whole thermals source 202 of the processing region on heating stratum employed or to be used along a side of thermal source 202.
Thermal source 202 places at least a portion stratum.Thermal source 202 can comprise heater, for example the conductor heater in the insulated electric conductor, conduit, surface combustion burner, aphlogistic distribution/or the burner of NATURAL DISTRIBUTION.Thermal source 202 also can comprise the heater of other type.Thermal source 202 provides heat to arrive at least a portion stratum with the hydrocarbon in the heating stratum.Can be through supply line 204 supplying energies to thermal source 202.Supply line 204 structurally can be different, and this depends on the type of heating employed a kind of thermal source in stratum or multiple thermal source.The supply line 204 that is used for thermal source can be carried the electricity that is used for electric heater, can transport the fuel that is used for burner, perhaps can transport the heat exchanging fluid that in the stratum, circulates.
Use producing well 206 from the stratum, to remove formation fluid.In some embodiments, producing well 206 comprises thermal source.Thermal source in producing well can heat at the producing well place or near one or more parts on the stratum it.In some situ heat treatment method embodiments,, be fed to heat in the stratum less than being fed to the heat on stratum from the thermal source on heating stratum in every meter thermal source from producing well in every meter producing well.
The formation fluid of being produced by producing well 206 can be transported in the treatment facility 210 through conduit 208.Also can be by thermal source 202 grown place layer fluid.For example can produce fluid, with the pressure in the control stratum adjacent with thermal source by thermal source 202.The fluid of being produced by thermal source 202 can be transported in the gathering line 208 through pipeline or pipeline, and the fluid of perhaps being produced can be delivered directly in the treatment facility 210 through pipeline or pipeline.Treatment facility 210 can comprise separative element, reaction member, upgrading unit, fuel cell, turbine, reservoir vessel and/or other system and the unit that formation fluid that processing is produced is used.Treatment facility can form transport fuel by at least a portion hydrocarbon that the stratum produces.In some embodiments, transport fuel can be for example JP-8 of jet fuel.
Accompanying drawing 3 has been described the sketch map that is used for producing from hydrocarbon containing formation (for example tar sand formation) embodiment of hydrocarbon.Hydrocarbon layer 212 comprises one or more parts that contain heavy hydrocarbon.Utilize more than one methods from hydrocarbon layer 212, to produce hydrocarbon.In certain some embodiment, utilize steam injection method (gravitational discharge that for example cyclic steam injects or steam is auxiliary) to produce hydrocarbon and utilize the situ heat treatment method to produce hydrocarbon from the second portion of hydrocarbon layer from the first of hydrocarbon layer 212.In the steam injection method, steam is injected into the first of hydrocarbon layer 212 through injector well 216.Produce first hydrocarbon through producing well 206A from first.First hydrocarbon comprises the hydrocarbon that is flowed by the steam injection.In certain some embodiment, first hydrocarbon has 15 ° at the most, 10 ° at the most, 8 ° or 6 ° API Gravity at the most at the most.
The second portion that heater 214 is used for heat hydrocarbon layer 212 arrive to flow, visbreaking and/or pyrolysis temperature.Produce second hydrocarbon through producing well 206B from second portion.In some embodiments, second hydrocarbon comprises the hydrocarbon of at least some pyrolysis.In certain some embodiment, second hydrocarbon has the API Gravity of at least 15 °, at least 20 ° or at least 25 °.
In some embodiments, the first of hydrocarbon layer 212 utilizes heater to handle after the steam injection method.Heater can be used for improving the temperature of first and/or utilizes situ heat treatment process treatment first.Second hydrocarbon (hydrocarbon that comprises at least some pyrolysis) can be produced from first through producing well 206A.
In some embodiments, the second portion of hydrocarbon layer 212 utilized the steam injection method to handle before utilizing heater 214 processing second portions.The steam injection method can be used for producing some fluids (for example first hydrocarbon or inject the hydrocarbon that flows through steam) and/or utilizing heater 214 preheating second portion before from second portion through producing well 206B.In some embodiments, the steam injection method can be used to handle first and/or second portion after using heater 214.
Producing hydrocarbon through two kinds of methods has increased from the overall recovery factor of the hydrocarbon of hydrocarbon layer 212, maybe be than the arbitrary method of independent use all more economically.In some embodiments,, the steam injection method utilizes situ heat treatment process treatment first after accomplishing.For example at the steam injection method no longer behind the hydrocarbon of first's output viable quantities, the situ heat treatment method can be used for first.
Provide steam to injector well 216 from equipment 218.Equipment 218 is cogeneration facility of steam and electricity.Equipment 218 can be in the generator burn hydrocarbons with generating.Equipment 218 can combustion of gaseous and/or liquid hydrocarbon with generating.The electricity that produces is used for heater 214 provides electric energy.Used heat from generator is used to produce steam.In some embodiments, if the heater using gases provides heat to the stratum, some hydrocarbon that produce from the stratum are used for to heater 214 gas being provided.The electricity that equipment 218 produces and the amount of steam can be controlled to change from the output speed and/or the quality of the hydrocarbon of the first of hydrocarbon layer 212 and/or second portion generation.The output speed of the hydrocarbon that produces from first and/or second portion and/or quality can be changed with through mixing the selected API Gravity of output the mixture that first hydrocarbon and second hydrocarbon produce.First hydrocarbon and second hydrocarbon can be mixed with the selected API Gravity of output after output.Can change to the variation of the mixture of first hydrocarbon, second hydrocarbon and/or first and second hydrocarbon in response to market from first and/or second portion output.
Can be used as the fuel of equipment 218 from first hydrocarbon of producing well 206A output and/or from second hydrocarbon of producing well 206B output.In some embodiments, first hydrocarbon and/or second hydrocarbon were processed (for example removing unwanted product) before the fuel as equipment 218.Can confirm by following factor as first hydrocarbon of the fuel of equipment 218 and the amount of second hydrocarbon, for example the market of the economy of whole technology, first or second hydrocarbon, be used for first or second hydrocarbon treatment facility availability and/or be used for the availability of the conveying equipment of first or second hydrocarbon.In some embodiments, the fuel that is used as equipment 218 from most of or whole hydrocarbon of hydrocarbon layer 212 output.All appropriate hydrocarbon gas of burning have been cancelled from the processing of hydrocarbon layer 212 output gas and/or the needs of conveying in equipment 218.
First hydrocarbon of output and second hydrocarbon can be handled in equipment 220 and/or mix.In some embodiments, first hydrocarbon and second hydrocarbon are mixed so that obtain can be through the mixture of line transportation.In some embodiments, first hydrocarbon and second hydrocarbon are mixed to obtain can be used as the mixture that refinery's raw material uses.First hydrocarbon of output and the amount of second hydrocarbon can be based on handling and/or the variation of the needs of hydrocarbon mixture and changing.In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon of handling is used in the equipment 218.
Based on this manual, other of various aspects of the present invention improve and alternate embodiment possibly be tangible for a person skilled in the art.Therefore, it only is illustrative that this manual will be counted as, and its purpose is to instruct the general fashion of those skilled in the art's embodiment of the present invention.Should understand the form of the present invention that provides among this paper and describe and to be counted as present embodiment preferred.Some key elements and material can replace among this paper describing and explanation those, some parts and technology can put upside down with some characteristic of the present invention and can use separately; All these all are tangible after benefiting from description of the invention for a person skilled in the art.Can change in the key element of describing in this article, only otherwise depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention that are described in the following claim.In addition, it will be appreciated that in some embodiments and can the characteristic of describing among this paper be made up independently.
Claims (17)
1. system that is used to handle hydrocarbon containing formation comprises:
Equipment is produced in steam and Electricity Federation;
Be positioned at least one injector well of stratum first, this injector well is configured to from steam and Electricity Federation product equipment the first of steam to the stratum is provided;
Be positioned at least one producing well of stratum first, this producing well is configured to produce first hydrocarbon;
Be positioned at least one electric heater of stratum first and/or stratum second portion, at least one in this electric heater is configured to separated with steam and Electricity Federation product equipment by electricity supply power and this at least one electric heater from steam and Electricity Federation product equipment;
Be positioned at least one producing well of stratum first and/or stratum second portion, this producing well is configured to produce second hydrocarbon; With
Treatment facility, it is used for before steam and the use of Electricity Federation product equipment, handling first hydrocarbon and/or second hydrocarbon;
Be characterised in that:
Wherein said treatment facility is configured to make first hydrocarbon and second hydrocarbon to mix and wherein said steam is configured to use mixed first hydrocarbon and second hydrocarbon to generate electricity with Electricity Federation product equipment.
2. the system of claim 1, wherein said steam and Electricity Federation product equipment are configured to use first hydrocarbon and/or second hydrocarbon to produce steam.
3. claim 1 or 2 system, wherein first hydrocarbon has 15 ° API Gravity at the most.
4. claim 1 or 2 system, wherein second hydrocarbon has at least 15 ° API Gravity.
5. claim 1 or 2 system, the electric weight that wherein said system construction for a change produces and the quantity of steam of generation are to change the production of first hydrocarbon and/or second hydrocarbon.
6. claim 1 or 2 system, wherein said system also comprises at least one injector well that is positioned at the stratum second portion, at least one in this injector well is configured to from steam and Electricity Federation product equipment the second portion of steam to the stratum is provided.
7. claim 1 or 2 system, wherein said steam and Electricity Federation product equipment are configured to combustion of gaseous and liquid two kinds of hydrocarbon.
8. one kind is utilized each the method for system handles hydrocarbon containing formation of claim 1-7, comprising:
To stratum first steam is provided from steam and Electricity Federation product equipment;
First produces first hydrocarbon from the stratum;
To stratum first and/or stratum second portion heat is provided from one or more electric heaters, said electric heater produces the equipment supply capability by steam and Electricity Federation and said electric heater separates with steam and Electricity Federation product equipment;
The heat that allows to provide is delivered to stratum first and/or stratum second portion from electric heater;
Second portion is produced second hydrocarbon from the stratum; With
In treatment facility, handle first hydrocarbon and/or second hydrocarbon before in steam and Electricity Federation product equipment, using first hydrocarbon and/or second hydrocarbon;
Be characterised in that:
Wherein in said treatment facility, mix first hydrocarbon and second hydrocarbon and wherein in steam and Electricity Federation product equipment, use mixed first hydrocarbon and the generating of second hydrocarbon.
9. the method for claim 8 also comprises and uses first hydrocarbon and/or second hydrocarbon to produce steam.
10. claim 8 or 9 method, wherein first hydrocarbon has 15 ° API Gravity at the most.
11. the method for claim 8 or 9, wherein second hydrocarbon has at least 15 ° AP I degree of specific gravity.
12. the method for claim 8 or 9, also comprise mix part first hydrocarbon at least and at least part second hydrocarbon be used for the fuel that equipment is produced in steam and Electricity Federation with preparation.
13. the method for claim 8 or 9 also comprises the gas that uses part second hydrocarbon conduct at least to be used for the one or more electric heaters in stratum.
14. the method for claim 8 or 9 also comprises whole first hydrocarbon of use and/or second hydrocarbon fuel as generating and/or generation steam.
15. the method for claim 8 or 9, the quantity of steam that also comprises the electric weight that change to produce and generation is to change the production of first hydrocarbon and/or second hydrocarbon.
16. the method for claim 8 or 9, also being included in provides from electric heater that the second portion to the stratum provides steam before the heat.
17. the method for claim 8 or 9 also comprises from steam and Electricity Federation product equipment to the stratum second portion steam being provided.
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| US60/794,298 | 2006-04-21 | ||
| PCT/US2006/040980 WO2007050445A1 (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Cogeneration systems and processes for treating hydrocarbon containing formations |
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| CNA2006800395616A Pending CN101297021A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Methods of cracking a crude product to produce additional crude products |
| CN2006800394933A Expired - Fee Related CN101297096B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | System and method for heating hydrocarbon containing formation and method for installing system in formation opening |
| CN2006800441544A Expired - Fee Related CN101316983B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Methods of filtering a liquid stream produced from an in situ heat treatment process |
| CN2006800447682A Active CN101316982B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Cogeneration systems and processes for treating hydrocarbon containing formations |
| CN2006800432738A Expired - Fee Related CN101313126B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Solution mining systems and methods for treating hydrocarbon containing formations |
| CNA2006800441440A Pending CN101316913A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Methods of producing alkylated hydrocarbons from a liquid produced from an in situ heat treatment |
| CN200680044224.6A Expired - Fee Related CN101316916B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Hydrotreated liquid logistics is to remove the method for clogging compounds |
| CNA2006800442034A Pending CN101316984A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands with heat created drainage paths |
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| CNA2006800395616A Pending CN101297021A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Methods of cracking a crude product to produce additional crude products |
| CN2006800394933A Expired - Fee Related CN101297096B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | System and method for heating hydrocarbon containing formation and method for installing system in formation opening |
| CN2006800441544A Expired - Fee Related CN101316983B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Methods of filtering a liquid stream produced from an in situ heat treatment process |
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| CNA2006800441440A Pending CN101316913A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Methods of producing alkylated hydrocarbons from a liquid produced from an in situ heat treatment |
| CN200680044224.6A Expired - Fee Related CN101316916B (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Hydrotreated liquid logistics is to remove the method for clogging compounds |
| CNA2006800442034A Pending CN101316984A (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-10-20 | Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from tar sands with heat created drainage paths |
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| CN104763396B (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2018-08-10 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | The system and method that the passing away generated using heat produces hydrocarbon from Tar sands |
| MX2018014994A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-05-13 | Mawetal Llc | Polished turbine fuel. |
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Also Published As
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| CN101313126A (en) | 2008-11-26 |
| CN101297021A (en) | 2008-10-29 |
| ZA200803160B (en) | 2009-01-28 |
| ZA200803322B (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| ZA200802758B (en) | 2009-01-28 |
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| CN101316916B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| CN101316913A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| ZA200803159B (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| CN101316983B (en) | 2012-11-28 |
| ZA200802850B (en) | 2008-12-31 |
| CN101297096B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
| ZA200803161B (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| ZA200802759B (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| ZA200803321B (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| ZA200803158B (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| CN101297096A (en) | 2008-10-29 |
| CN104763396A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
| CN101316983A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| CN101313126B (en) | 2013-01-16 |
| CN104763396B (en) | 2018-08-10 |
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