CN104757280A - Feed additive for improving crab meat quality - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive for improving crab meat quality. The additive contains natural plant and animal raw materials, natural Chinese herbs and other ingredients, and can solve the problem of insufficient vitamin and trace elements in crab feed. The invention selects carrot powder, spinach powder, spirulina powder, yeast powder, silkworm chrysalis powder, orange peel powder, pig liver powder, earthworm powder, Tenebrio molitor powder, Astragalus powder, mentha haplocalyx powder, Radix Scutellariae powder, folium artemisiae argyi powder, Plantain Herb powder and other plant and animal raw materials and Chinese herbs as the feed additive effective ingredients, and the multiple components co-act to improve the meat quality of crab and promote rab healthy growth. The feed additive provided by the invention has the advantages of wide raw material sources, simple and practicable operation, reasonable ratio, and low cost.

Description

Improve the feed addictive of river crab meat

Technical field

The present invention relates to aquaculture field, be specifically related to the feed addictive improving river crab meat.

Background technology

River crab, also known as eriocheir sinensis or crab, belongs to Arthropoda Crustacea animal; River crab formal name used at school Eriocheir sinensis, the expensive freshwater product of generic name, delicious flavour, nutritious, there is very high economic worth; The head of river crab and chest combine and form carapace is square circular, and quality is hard; Front end body has a pair, and side has two to very hard sharp crab tooth; Crab a pair appendage is foremost the foot of a chela, and surface covers with fine hair; 4 pairs of steps are had after the foot of a chela, flat-sided and longer; Abdominal appendage is degenerated; River crab often lives in caves the mud bank of Yu Jiang, river, lakes and marhshes, and nocturnalism, with fish, shrimp, spoil and cereal for food, annual autumn, normal migration was laid eggs to the river mouth gone to sea, and Second Year hatching in 3 ~ May, after developing into young crab, trace back again rivers and on, educate at fresh water relaying supervention and grow up.

River crab Fresh & Tender in Texture is the food be simply loved by the people; River crab is everlasting water-bed life, the toys such as eating fish, shrimp, and melon skin fruit bits, green grass and cereal etc. also can be ingested; River crab nutritive value is very high, according to analysis, in every 100 grams of edible parts, protein is 14 grams, and fat is 5.9 grams, and carbohydrate is 7.4 grams, vitamin A 5960 international unit, 0.71 gram, riboflavin, all higher than general aquatic products, the benefit of food is a lot, especially the vitamin A in river crab body and the content of riboflavin are premier in the recipe of people.

River crab is nourishing treasure, and people like very much, and naturally wild river crab can not meet the requirement of people far away, and the river crab of cultivation is because density is large, feed foot, growing way are fast and poor quality, and meat is not good, and taste is impure, body colour is lighter, is difficult to the requirement meeting people; The feed meeting ecology natural condition is adopted to carry out culture of Chinese mitten crab, become development trend, the present invention, by being rich in the feed addictive of protein, vitamin, micro-natural mode, improves river crab quality, produces the river crab having natural, ecological local flavor, can meet people's requirement.

Summary of the invention

This is for overcoming above-mentioned defect, and the present invention devises the feed addictive improving river crab meat.

Technical scheme of the present invention is, improve the feed addictive of river crab meat, it is characterized in that: additive component is: carrot 10%-15%, spinach 9%-13%, spirulina powder 5%-8%, dusty yeast 5%-8%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 10%-15%, citrus peel meal 3%-7%, pork liver xeraphium 12%-16%, earthworm powder 5%-7%, yellow meal worm powder 3%-5%, astragalus membranaceus powder 4%-6%, peppermint grass meal 3%-5%, root of large-flowered skullcap powder 3%-5%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 4%-6%, Asiatic plantain powder 2%-5%.

Preferably, improve the feed addictive of river crab meat, it is characterized in that, optimization of C/C composites component is: carrot meal 15%, spinach powder 9%, spirulina powder 8%, dusty yeast 5%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 15%, citrus peel meal 7%, pork liver xeraphium 12%, earthworm powder 5%, yellow meal worm powder 3%, astragalus membranaceus powder 4%, peppermint grass meal 5%, root of large-flowered skullcap powder 5%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 5%, Asiatic plantain powder 2%.

Preferably, improve the feed addictive of river crab meat, it is characterized in that, optimization of C/C composites component is: carrot meal 10%, spinach powder 13%, spirulina powder 5%, dusty yeast 7%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 13%, citrus peel meal 5%, pork liver xeraphium 15%, earthworm powder 5%, yellow meal worm powder 5%, astragalus membranaceus powder 4%, peppermint grass meal 5%, root of large-flowered skullcap powder 3%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 6%, Asiatic plantain powder 4%.

Preferably, improve river crab meat body colour feed addictive, it is characterized in that, optimization of C/C composites component is: carrot meal 11%, spinach powder 12%, spirulina powder 6%, dusty yeast 8%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 10%, citrus peel meal 3%, pork liver xeraphium 16%, earthworm powder 7%, yellow meal worm powder 4%, astragalus membranaceus powder 6%, peppermint grass meal 3%, root of large-flowered skullcap powder 4%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 4%, Asiatic plantain powder 5%.

Percentage described above is weight percentage; According to known technology, various raw material is pulverized respectively, sieve with 80 eye mesh screens, stir 50 minutes in fodder mixing machine, bag distribution packaging.

Beneficial effect: employing of the present invention contains the compositions such as natural animal-plant raw material, natural Chinese medicinal herb, can solve the problem of feed for river crab vitamin, trace element deficiency; As feed addictive active ingredient, the present invention has screened animal-plant material and the Chinese herbal medicines such as carrot meal, spinach powder, spirulina powder, dusty yeast, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, citrus peel meal, pork liver powder, earthworm powder, yellow meal worm powder, astragalus membranaceus powder, peppermint grass meal, root of large-flowered skullcap powder, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, Asiatic plantain powder, by the acting in conjunction of Multiple components, improve the meat taste of river crab, promote river crab healthy growth.

Carrot: be Umbelliferae Daucus biennial herb plant, does vegetables with fleshy root and eats, rich in nutrition content, in every 100 grams of carrots, about containing 0.6 gram, protein, 0.3 gram, fat, sugar 7.6 ~ 8.3 grams, iron 0.6 milligram, retinol1 .35 ~ 17.25 milligram, vitamin B1 0.02 ~ 0.04 milligram, vitamin B2 0.04 ~ 0.05 milligram, vitamin C 12 milligrams, heat 150.7 kilojoule, another containing pectin, starch, inorganic salts and several amino acids, have the title of " glabrousleaf asiabell root "; Carrot is also rich in the nutritional labeling of the needed by human body such as volatile oil, carrotene, anthocyanidin, calcium, iron.

Spinach: be the whole herb with root of amaranthaceous plant spinach, has effect of profit behaviour laxation, clearing heat and relieving fidgetness; The rich in nutritive value of spinach, except containing except carbohydrate, protein, fat, dietary fiber, also containing nutrients such as carrotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, milling, magnesium; If the leaf of spinach is containing 56 ~ 68 mgs/kg, zinc (dry weight), folic acid 1.22 microgram/gram, amino acid and lutein, beta carotene, Neo-3-CaroteneB, new-beta carotene.The carotenoid such as spinacin U, also containing hitodesterol, cholesterine and sterol ester and sterol glycoside, patuletin, spinacetin, and one livid purple look fluorescent substance 2-acetyl group-3-para hydroxybenzene acryloyl group mesotartaric acid.

Spirulina: containing a large amount of protein, accounts for the 55%-77% of net weight; Comprise all essential amino acids in contained protein, but compare with protein such as meat, egg or the milk of standard, the content of methionine, cysteine and lysine is then less; If compare with the phytoprotein of standard, as pod, then more superior; Spirulina comprises a large amount of vitamin, as vitamin B1 (thiamines), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (nicotinic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxol), FA (Die Ke glutamic acid), vitamin B12 (cobalamin), vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E; Spirulina, containing very abundant potassium, also contains calcium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, selenium, sodium and zinc etc. simultaneously.

Dusty yeast: nutritious, protein content is high, and the amino acid necessary containing 18 kinds of human bodies and functional polypeptide, also containing dietary fiber glucose and mannosan, the indispensable nucleic acid of human body and nucleotides, B family vitamin, being rich in various trace elements, is the natural flavouring that a kind of nutritive value is very high.

Silkworm chrysalis: be a kind of rich in nutrition content, the animal fodder additive that particularly fat is abundant, pupa is containing protein, fat oil, and wherein main component is unrighted acid, glycerine vinegar, a small amount of lecithin, black alcohol, liposoluble vitamin etc.; Silkworm excrement (silkworm dung), containing organic matter, wherein has protein and chlorophyll, and containing auxin and histidine.

Orange peel: also known as dried orange peel, the bitter substance of orange peel is with limonin and bitter principle for representative " limonoid ", and this limonoid taste is gentle, soluble in water, contributes to the digestion of food; Dried orange peel contains the compositions such as volatile oil, hesperidine, Cobastab, C, and the volatile oil contained by it has gentle spread effect to intestines and stomach, can promote the secretion of digestive juice, gets rid of pneumatosis in intestinal tube, increases appetite; Dried orange peel is conventional Chinese medicine simply, having the invigorating the spleen of ventilation, eliminating dampness and eliminating phlegm, the effect of separating greasy lasting, stopping nausea and vomiting by lowering the adverse flow of QI, having critical function to improving river crab meat.

Pork liver: pork liver taste is sweet, bitterness temperature returns Liver Channel, has tonifying liver improving eyesight and to nourish blood function; , the disease such as yctalopia, hot eyes, edema, beriberi sallow for the deficiency of blood; Its rich in nutrition content, every 100 grams of edible parts are containing 21.3 grams, protein, 4.5 grams, fat, 1.4 grams, carbohydrate, calcium 11 milligrams, 270 milligrams, phosphorus, iron 25.0 milligrams, 5.78 milligrams, zinc, thiamine 0.40 milligram, Riboflavin Tetrabutyrate .11 milligram, niacin 16.2 milligrams, 18 milligrams, ascorbic acid according to surveying and determination.

Earthworm: Chinese medicine claims earthworm, earthworm taste cold in nature is salty; Function: heat-clearing, flat liver, Zhichuan, dredging collateral; Cure mainly high fanatical dry, convulsion, headache due to pathogenic wind-heat, hot eyes, hemiplegia etc.; Earthworm is rich in protein, fat and carbohydrate, and protein content accounts for 53.5% ~ 65.1% of dry weight, and fat content is about 4.4% ~ 17.38%, and carbohydrate is about 11% ~ 17.4%, ash content 7.8% ~ 23%; Also containing abundant vitamin D in earthworm body, and the mineral matter element such as calcium and phosphorus; Containing the multiple medicinal ingredient such as earthworm element, earthworm toxolysin, xanthine, antihistaminicum and Cobastab in earthworm body.

Yellow meal worm: be commonly called as bread worm, is rich in very high protein, mineral matter and 17 seed amino acids etc., not only rich in protein, amino acid contained A wide selection of colours and designs, and composition rationally; The multiple nutrients of its uniqueness of yellow meal worm is easy to absorption and digestion, can improve immunity, and the effect such as enhance metabolism.

The Radix Astragali: immunologic function can be strengthened, strengthen body hypoxia-bearing and stress ability, promotion organism metabolism, antibacterial and antiviral effect.

Peppermint grass: taste is pungent, cool in nature, nontoxic; Have antibacterial, antivirus action and detoxication, can improve body's immunity, peppermint stem and leaf has peat-reek, has the effect improving river crab meat.

The root of large-flowered skullcap: be the labiate root of large-flowered skullcap, be used as medicine with root; There is heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, cool blood is antiabortive, detoxicating functions, cure mainly the diseases such as warm heat disease, the clinical practice of the root of large-flowered skullcap is antibacterial not worse than the coptis, and does not develop immunity to drugs, by the feature that broad-spectrum antibacterial action is strong, being used in fungal culture miscellaneous bacteria infects special severe, fine by root of large-flowered skullcap extract effect, is Chinese medicine desirable simply.

Tarragon: fragrant temperature is fallen apart, have hemostasis, effect of loose cold, wet down, desinsection, improves have better effects to river crab meat.

Asiatic plantain: can reducing fever and causing diuresis, cool blood, removing toxic substances, resisting pathogenic microbes and antiinflammatory action.

Above-mentioned multiple Chinese herbal medicine scientific compatibility, is conducive to the immunocompetence strengthening river crab, reduces river crab infection chance.

Add above-mentioned additive make feed fragrant odour, good palatability, easy to digest, absorb fast, river crab robust growth, resistance against diseases are strong, cultivation survival rate is high, have the meat flavor of natural, ecological river crab.

Raw material sources of the present invention are wide, easy to operation, reasonable mixture ratio, with low cost.

Detailed description of the invention

embodiment 1:improve the feed addictive of river crab meat, its optimization of C/C composites component is: carrot meal 15%, spinach powder 9%, spirulina powder 8%, dusty yeast 5%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 15%, citrus peel meal 7%, pork liver xeraphium 12%, earthworm powder 5%, yellow meal worm powder 3%, astragalus membranaceus powder 4%, peppermint grass meal 5%, root of large-flowered skullcap powder 5%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 5%, Asiatic plantain powder 2%, and described percentage is weight percentage; Various raw material is pulverized respectively, sieves with 80 eye mesh screens, stirs 50 minutes in fodder mixing machine, bag distribution packaging.

Verification experimental verification: during certain pond, culture of Chinese mitten crab field culture of Chinese mitten crab, the additive of above-mentioned formulated is used in feed, according to the addition of 8%, add in feed, through 5 months feed, October harvesting river crab average size about 0.3 jin, river crab bright, figure rectify, take action rapidly, observe meat exquisiteness, do not have fishy smell, after processing shortening, the fresh perfume (or spice) of taste is honest, and flavour sweet-smelling as wild Freshwater Crabs is delicious.

embodiment 2:improve the feed addictive of river crab meat, its optimization of C/C composites component is: carrot meal 10%, spinach powder 13%, spirulina powder 5%, dusty yeast 7%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 13%, citrus peel meal 5%, pork liver xeraphium 15%, earthworm powder 5%, yellow meal worm powder 5%, astragalus membranaceus powder 4%, peppermint grass meal 5%, root of large-flowered skullcap powder 3%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 6%, Asiatic plantain powder 4%, and described percentage is weight percentage; Various raw material is pulverized respectively, sieves with 80 eye mesh screens, stirs 50 minutes in fodder mixing machine, bag distribution packaging.

Verification experimental verification: enclose culture of Chinese mitten crab field during culture of Chinese mitten crab at certain lake net, river crab is fed, use the additive of above-mentioned formulated in feed, according to the addition of 10%, add in feed, through the feedstuff feeding of 4 months, keep water quality salubrious, river crab in Wang Wei district is bright and lustrous, action is rapid, compared with not using the river crab of additive, color and luster obviously changes, and river crab meat is compact, do not have fishy smell, after processing shortening, the fresh perfume (or spice) of taste is honest, the fragrant U.S. of flavour.

embodiment 3:improve the feed addictive of river crab meat, its optimization of C/C composites component is: carrot meal 11%, spinach powder 12%, spirulina powder 6%, dusty yeast 8%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 10%, citrus peel meal 3%, pork liver xeraphium 16%, earthworm powder 7%, yellow meal worm powder 4%, astragalus membranaceus powder 6%, peppermint grass meal 3%, root of large-flowered skullcap powder 4%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 4%, Asiatic plantain powder 5%, and described percentage is weight percentage; Various raw material is pulverized respectively, sieves with 80 eye mesh screens, stirs 50 minutes in fodder mixing machine, bag distribution packaging.

Verification experimental verification: in the pool cultivated pond of river crab soil, in pond, raise river crab put in a suitable place to breed by the density of every square metre of 3-5 river crab, about river crab specification 80 Zhi ∕ jin, in feed, use the additive of above-mentioned formulated, according to the addition of 5%, add in feed, through 5 months feed, the river crab growth specification average out to 0.28 jin in pond, the speed of growth is obviously faster than similar river crab, and river crab does not have disease, bright and lustrous, figure rectifies, action is alert and resourceful; Compared with not using the river crab of additive, color and luster obviously changes, and back crab shell gloss is obvious, Quick off the mark, and during upset, appendage coordinates, quite flexible; River crab meat is compact, do not have fishy smell, and after processing shortening, the fresh perfume (or spice) of taste is honest, flavour sweet-smelling as wild Freshwater Crabs is delicious.

Claims (2)

1. improve the feed addictive of river crab meat, it is characterized in that: additive component is: carrot 10%-15%, spinach 9%-13%, spirulina powder 5%-8%, dusty yeast 5%-8%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 10%-15%, citrus peel meal 3%-7%, pork liver xeraphium 12%-16%, earthworm powder 5%-7%, yellow meal worm powder 3%-5%, astragalus membranaceus powder 4%-6%, peppermint grass meal 3%-5%, root of large-flowered skullcap powder 3%-5%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 4%-6%, Asiatic plantain powder 2%-5%.

2. as the feed addictive improving river crab meat according to claim 1, preferably it is characterized in that, optimization of C/C composites component is: carrot meal 15%, spinach powder 9%, spirulina powder 8%, dusty yeast 5%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 15%, citrus peel meal 7%, pork liver xeraphium 12%, earthworm powder 5%, yellow meal worm powder 3%, astragalus membranaceus powder 4%, peppermint grass meal 5%, root of large-flowered skullcap powder 5%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 5%, Asiatic plantain powder 2%.