CN104754250A - Infrared imaging and evidence collecting system based on acousto-optic tunable light filter and method of correcting image surface drift - Google Patents
Infrared imaging and evidence collecting system based on acousto-optic tunable light filter and method of correcting image surface drift Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an infrared imaging and evidence collecting system based on an acousto-optic tunable light filter and method. The infrared imaging and evidence collecting system comprises an infrared lens, an infrared acousto-optic tunable light filter, an infrared imaging camera, an acousto-optic tunable light filter driver, an image acquisition module, a computer and an automatic correcting image surface drift control device, wherein the automatic correcting image surface drift control device comprises a stepper motor used for focusing the infrared lens, a stepper motor drive circuit, a position detection sensor used for detecting the focusing position of the infrared lens and the controller; the first signal input end of the controller is connected with an interface of the computer, the second signal input end is connected with a signal output end of the position detection sensor, and the control output end is connected with the input end of the stepper motor drive circuit. The invention further provides a method of correcting the image surface drift of the infrared lens.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to forensic science criminal case crime scene evidence obtaining technology, particularly relate to based on acousto-optic tunable filter infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system and correct image planes drift method.
Background technology
Infrared ray is the sightless heat ray of a kind of human eye, and it observes the laws such as the straightline propagation of light, reflection and refraction.A lot of materials in nature to ultrared absorption, reflect, ability and the visible ray such as to penetrate, ultraviolet is different, infrared penetration ability is stronger, material inside can be entered and arrive more deep layer position, even can penetrate some visible rays and the intransitable material of ultraviolet.Therefore, infrared imaging is carried out to object, the object information different from visible ray and ultraviolet imagery or details can be obtained.
In forensic science and material evidence qualification field, infrared photography technology is often adopted to manifest and extract potential material evidence.As: manifest all kinds of writing words and by the writing smeared; Carry out the discriminating of true and false coin; The writing burnt on paper is taken pictures reduction; Taken pictures in outdoor haze flue dust scene; Swoon vestige and dust footprint of rifle is manifested; Writing on dark cloth, seal, bloodstain etc. are taken pictures and manifests.The current restriction by camera devices, the infrared filter of scene evidence taking adopts long-pass optical filtering usually, because long-pass optical filtering wave-length coverage is wider, is unfavorable for the discriminating of material evidence.
In addition, in forensic science and material evidence qualification field, conventional infrared photography wave band is 700-1200nm.Because Infrared wavelength its penetration capacity longer is also stronger, therefore, be necessary that research and development wavelength is greater than the infrared imaging device of 1200nm, to improve the extractability of on-the-spot potential material evidence, for solving criminal cases provides technical support.
Imaging spectrometer is developed by the principle of the multiple remote sensing instrument such as infrared line scanner and multispectral scanner, can achieve scanning imagery and meticulous light splitting simultaneously.It is on the basis of scanning imagery principle, the wave band of image-forming radiation is divided into more narrow multiple wave bands and carries out imaging, same scenery is obtained to the image of more spectral band.Imaging spectrometer comprises image-generating unit and spectrum unit two parts, and image-generating unit is used for the aerial image to ground object target, and spectrophotometric unit is used for spectral band segmentation or the scanning of spectrum dimension.Spectrographic detection instrument can be divided into optical filtering flap-type, grating type, Fourier blade profile, diode array type, acousto-optic tunable filter (Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter is called for short AOTF) type etc. by the difference of spectroscopic modes.
Acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is a kind of automatically controlled light filter, it is based on the principle of acoustooptical effect, when a branch of polychromatic light by a dither there is the crystal of Photoelasticity time, the monochromatic light of a certain wavelength will produce diffraction at crystals, transmit from crystal at a certain angle, the polychromatic light that diffraction do not occur then along former light transmition direction directly transmitted through crystal, reach the object of light splitting thus.Acousto-optic tunable filter is mainly divided into conllinear type acousto-optic tunable filter and non-co-line style acousto-optic tunable filter, because non-co-line style acousto-optic tunable filter has larger bore and the angle of visual field, diffraction light and non-diffraction light have certain separation angle simultaneously, spatially achieve separation, crystalline material is easy to obtain, diffraction can be carried out to natural daylight, become the type generally used at present.When crystal vibration frequency changes, diffraction light wavelength is corresponding change also, the general principle of acousto-optic tunable filter light splitting that Here it is.
Light-dividing principle due to acousto-optic tunable filter is different from traditional dispersion element (as prism and grating), its diffraction dissociation angle, namely diffraction light becomes with wavelength with the space angle of departure of non-diffraction light, is not fixed value, therefore will causes the dispersion-shifted problem of image.The basic reason of dispersion-shifted is the TeO of acousto-optic tunable filter
2the dispersion characteristics that crystal itself has, the angle of diffraction of diffraction light changes with the change of wavelength.Therefore, the image of different-waveband has aberration on planar array detector, drifts about, thus there will be the unsharp phenomenon of spectrum picture, brings larger difficulty to the pixel registration of acousto-optic tunable filter spectroscopic data.
Summary of the invention
The precision that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of can carry out infrared imaging evidence obtaining at criminal case crime scene, have higher infrared imaging with the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system of automatic calibration image planes drift function.
Present invention also offers a kind of infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system correct image planes drift method, its can overcome existing acousto-optic tunable filter type spectrum imaging system exist due to image generation drift cause focusing unsharp defect.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Based on an infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system for acousto-optic tunable filter, comprise infrared lens, Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter, Infrared imaging cameras, acousto-optic tunable filter driver, image capture module, computer and automatic calibration image planes drift control;
After Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter is positioned at described infrared lens, after Infrared imaging cameras is positioned at Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter, the picture signal that image capture module exports for gathering Infrared imaging cameras, and the picture signal of collection is sent to computer, the first interface of computer is connected with the input of acousto-optic tunable filter driver, and the output of acousto-optic tunable filter driver is connected with the signal input part of Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter;
This automatic calibration image planes drift control comprise stepping motor for focusing to infrared lens, stepper motor driving circuit, for detecting position-detection sensor and the controller of the focusing position of infrared lens; First signal input part of controller is connected with the second interface of computer, the secondary signal input of controller is connected with the signal output part of described position-detection sensor, the control output end of controller is connected with the input of described stepper motor driving circuit, and the output of stepper motor driving circuit is connected with stepping motor.
The invention also discloses a kind of method that above-mentioned infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system based on acousto-optic tunable filter corrects image planes drift, comprise the following steps:
The step motion scope of the controller setting stepping motor of step one, automatic calibration image planes drift control and step-length, this step motion scope is covered by stepper motor driving circuit Driving Stepping Motor, according to the picture signal received from image capture module and the position detection signal received from position-detection sensor, calculate the image focus criteria function value of each the focusing position at infrared lens, and obtain maximum image focus criteria function value within the scope of this step motion and corresponding stepping position thereof by comparing;
Step 2, then, the controller of automatic calibration image planes drift control sets step motion scope and the step-length of stepping motor again, the starting point of the step motion scope again set is set in the last stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, the terminal of the step motion scope again set is set in a rear stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, the step-length once set before the step-length again set is less than; This step motion scope again set is covered by stepper motor driving circuit Driving Stepping Motor, according to the picture signal received from image capture module and the position detection signal received from position-detection sensor, calculate the image focus criteria function value of each the focusing position at infrared lens, and by comparing maximum image focus criteria function value within the scope of the step motion that again set and corresponding stepping position thereof;
Step 3, repeat above-mentioned step 2 to reach N time, N is more than or equal to 0, the controller of this automatic calibration image planes drift control is by comparing the maximum image focus criteria function value obtained in all step motion scopes, and control step driven by motor infrared lens moves to the corresponding focusing position of maximum image focus criteria function value in step motion scope all with this.
After adopting technique scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention replaces traditional long-pass infrared ray optical filtering with Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter, makes ultrared imaging band more accurate, thus enhances the distinguishing ability of infrared imaging to similar material evidence;
2, the present invention is provided with automatic calibration image planes drift control, the focusing position of the lens focusing position detection signal adjustment infrared lens that it can detect according to the picture signal of image capture module collection and position-detection sensor, obtain image the most clearly, thus the image solving the different-waveband caused due to acousto-optic tunable filter self character has aberration, drifts about on planar array detector, thus there will be the unsharp phenomenon of spectrum picture;
3, present invention employs indium gallium arsenic area array CCD infrared image sensor and carry out imaging, the wave band that infrared imaging is collected evidence reaches 1000 nm-1700nm, has stronger penetration capacity, thus enhances the detectivity of infrared imaging to potential material evidence.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is according to an embodiment of the invention based on the theory diagram of the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system of acousto-optic tunable filter.
Fig. 2 shows the theory diagram of automatic calibration image planes drift control according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of ramping constraint.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention made and further illustrating.
Please refer to Fig. 1.According to an embodiment of the invention based on the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system of acousto-optic tunable filter, comprise infrared lens 1, Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2, Infrared imaging cameras 3, acousto-optic tunable filter driver 4, image capture module 5, computer 6 and automatic calibration image planes drift control 7.
After Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2 is positioned at infrared lens 1.Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter can adopt the TeO of Brimrose company of the U.S.
2non-co-line style acousto-optic tunable filter, service band is 1000 ~ 1700nm, clear aperture 10 × 10mm, and spectral resolution becomes with diffraction centre wavelength, and excursion is 0.6 ~ 8nm.Peak value diffraction efficiency is 75%, and radiofrequency signal modulation frequency is 60 ~ 130MHz ~ 208MHz.
After Infrared imaging cameras 3 is positioned at Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2.This Infrared imaging cameras 3 is preferably indium gallium arsenic area array CCD infrared image sensor, and valid pixel number 320 (H) × 256 (V), to the infrared ray responsive of 1000-1700nm wave-length coverage, thus has stronger penetration capacity.The opto-electronic conversion of this Array CCD transducer settling signal, electric charge read, A/D conversion and digital signal export, and are accompanied with controller and Pierre pastes cooling assembly.
The signal output part of acousto-optic tunable filter driver 4 is connected with the signal input part of Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2, generation that frequency resolution is the radio-frequency (RF) driving signal of Hz level, conditioning, amplification and output can be realized, control the work of Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2, i.e. the spectral selection of control system.
The picture signal that image capture module 5 exports for gathering Infrared imaging cameras 3, and the picture signal of collection is sent to computer 6.Image capture module 4 preferably adopts Camera Link image pick-up card, is inserted in the slot of computer 6.
The first interface of computer 6 is connected with the input of acousto-optic tunable filter driver 4.Computer 6, for realizing overall control and the scheduling of system, is comprised the output parameter of configuration acousto-optic tunable filter driver 4 and controls its operating state, configured the running parameter of Infrared imaging cameras 3 by image capture module 5 and control the synchronism etc. between its exposure process, the picture signal of storage of collected, holdout device.
As shown in Figure 2.Automatic calibration image planes drift control 7 comprise stepping motor 71 for focusing to infrared lens 1, stepper motor driving circuit 72, for detecting position-detection sensor 73 and the controller 74 of the focusing position of infrared lens 1.First signal input part of controller 74 is connected with the second interface of computer 6, the picture signal that image capture module 5 collects is received by computer 6, the secondary signal input of controller 74 is connected with the signal output part of position-detection sensor 73, the lens focusing position detection signal that receiving position detecting sensor 73 exports, the control output end of controller 74 is connected with the input of stepper motor driving circuit 72, the output of stepper motor driving circuit 72 is connected with stepping motor 71, in order to the action of Driving Stepping Motor 71.Position-detection sensor 73 can adopt grating scale.The picture signal that Infrared imaging cameras 3 exports, sends into the controller 74 also sending into automatic calibration image planes drift control 7 while computer 6 carries out display in real time and carries out calculation process after gathering through image capture module 5.Controller 74 is analyzed according to the image collected, and sends control signal to stepper motor driving circuit 72, regulates the infrared lens 1 of front end, realizes automatic focusing, obtain image the most clearly.
Controller 74 comprises picture signal further and receives unit 741, position detection signal receiving element 742, driving control unit 743 and focusing control unit 744.
Picture signal receives the picture signal that unit 741 is collected for being received image capture module 5 by computer 6.The lens focusing position detection signal that position detection signal receiving element 742 exports for receiving position detecting sensor 73.Driving control unit 743 is for passing through stepper drive circuit 72 Driving Stepping Motor 71.Focusing control unit 744 is for repeatedly setting step motion scope and the step-length of stepping motor 71, the step motion scope of each setting is covered by driving control unit 743 Driving Stepping Motor 71, the lens focusing position detection signal that the picture signal received according to image receiving unit 741 and position detection signal unit 742 receive, calculate the image focus criteria function value of each the focusing position at infrared lens 1, and obtain maximum image focus criteria function value within the scope of each step motion and corresponding stepping position thereof by comparing; Wherein, from the step motion scope and step-length of second time setting stepping motor 71, after the starting point of step motion scope be once set in the last stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, after the terminal of step motion scope be once set in the rear stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, after the step-length that once sets be less than before the step-length that once sets; Cover the step motion scope of all settings at Driving Stepping Motor 71 after, this focusing control unit 744 is by comparing the maximum image focus criteria function value obtained in all step motion scopes, and control step motor 71 drives infrared lens 1 to move to the corresponding focusing position of maximum image focus criteria function value in step motion scope all with this, thus obtain image the most clearly.In a specific embodiment, above-mentioned is repeatedly at least 3 times, and above-mentioned image focus criteria function value can adopt the image focus criteria function value in spatial domain, and its specific algorithm is known, and the larger representative image of image focus criteria function value calculated is more clear.
The course of work according to an embodiment of the invention based on the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system of acousto-optic tunable filter is roughly as follows: target optical spectrum incides in Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2 by infrared lens 1, and acousto-optic tunable filter driver 4 produces rf signal and is applied in Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2.TeO in Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2
2transducer excited crystal surface under radiofrequency signal effect of crystal one end produces ultrasonic wave, diffraction grating is formed at plane of crystal, impact is by the wave propagation of plane of crystal light, like this by changing radiofrequency signal source frequency size, just can change the wavelength of the light wave by Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2, thus have object selective light spectrum wavelength, reach the object of light splitting.After Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter 2, the light of selected spectral band is detected by Infrared imaging cameras 3, define the spectrum picture of corresponding spectral band, by automatic calibration image planes drift control 7, fine setting optical infrared camera lens 1, obtain most picture rich in detail, be finally stored in computer 6 by image capture module 5 collection.
The invention also discloses a kind of method that infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system based on acousto-optic tunable filter corrects image planes drift, comprise the following steps:
The controller 74 of step one, automatic calibration image planes drift control 7 sets step motion scope and the step-length of stepping motor 71, this step motion scope is covered by stepper motor driving circuit 72 Driving Stepping Motor 71, according to the picture signal received from image capture module 5 and the position detection signal received from position-detection sensor 73, calculate the image focus criteria function value of each the focusing position at infrared lens 1, and obtain maximum image focus criteria function value within the scope of this step motion and corresponding stepping position thereof by comparing; The stepping position of stepping motor 71 and focusing position are relations one to one, and a stepping position often walked by stepping motor 71, and infrared lens 1 correspondingly can be driven to advance to a focusing position;
Step 2, then, the controller 74 of automatic calibration image planes drift control 7 sets step motion scope and the step-length of stepping motor 71 again, the starting point of the step motion scope again set is set in the last stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, the terminal of the step motion scope again set is set in a rear stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, the step-length once set before the step-length again set is less than; This step motion scope again set is covered by stepper motor driving circuit 72 Driving Stepping Motor 71, according to the picture signal received from image capture module 5 and the position detection signal received from position-detection sensor 73, calculate the image focus criteria function value of each the focusing position at infrared lens, and by comparing maximum image focus criteria function value within the scope of the step motion that again set and corresponding stepping position thereof;
Step 3, repeat above-mentioned step 2 to reach N time, N is more than or equal to 0, the controller 74 of this automatic calibration image planes drift control is by comparing the maximum image focus criteria function value obtained in all step motion scopes, and control step motor 71 drives infrared lens 1 to move to the corresponding focusing position of maximum image focus criteria function value in step motion scope all with this.
The method of above-mentioned correction image planes drift based on be a kind of ramping constraint of optimization, this algorithm first draws the maximum of the whole stroke interior focusing evaluation function value at infrared lens, then hunting zone is reduced, improve search precision, again search near maximum, this process is carried out repeatedly, until obtain the search value of full accuracy.Its principle as shown in Figure 3.
In a specific embodiment, should comprise the following steps based on the method for the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system correction image planes drift of acousto-optic tunable filter:
Step motion range L=[a, the b] of A, setting stepping motor 71, the starting point stepping position that step-length is λ, a, b is respectively stepping motor and terminal stepping position; Make λ=(b a)/5;
B, be starting point with a, take λ as the image of the whole L/λ of step-length collection focusing position and calculate its focus criteria function value;
C, compare L/λ focus criteria function value, recording the stepping position corresponding with maximum focus criteria function value is xth station;
D, be that step-length returns (x-1) and stands with λ;
E, make step motion range L=[(x-1) stands, and (x+1) stands] of stepping motor 71, λ=(b a)/10;
F, stand as starting point with (x-1), so that λ=(b a)/10 is the image of the whole L/λ of step-length collection focusing position and calculates its focus criteria function value;
G, compare L/λ focus criteria function value, recording the stepping position corresponding with maximum focus criteria function value is xth 1 station;
H, so that λ=(b a)/10 stands for step-length returns (x1-1);
I, make step motion range L=[(x1-1) stands, and (x1+1) stands] of stepping motor 71, λ=(b a)/30;
J, stand as starting point with (x1-1), so that λ=(b a)/30 is the image of the whole L/λ of step-length collection focusing position and calculates its focus criteria function value;
K, compare L/λ focus criteria function value, when declining appears in focus criteria function value, return focus criteria function value maximum in three step motion scopes, and control step motor 71 drives infrared lens 1 to move to the focusing position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in these three step motion scopes, thus complete focusing.
Claims (6)
1. based on the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system of acousto-optic tunable filter, it is characterized in that: comprise infrared lens, Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter, Infrared imaging cameras, acousto-optic tunable filter driver, image capture module, computer and automatic calibration image planes drift control;
After described Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter is positioned at described infrared lens, after described Infrared imaging cameras is positioned at Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter, the picture signal that described image capture module exports for gathering Infrared imaging cameras, and the picture signal of collection is sent to described computer, the first interface of computer is connected with the input of described acousto-optic tunable filter driver, and the output of acousto-optic tunable filter driver is connected with the signal input part of Infrared Acousto-optical Tunable Filter;
This automatic calibration image planes drift control comprise stepping motor for focusing to described infrared lens, stepper motor driving circuit, for detecting position-detection sensor and the controller of the focusing position of described infrared lens; First signal input part of described controller is connected with the second interface of described computer, the secondary signal input of controller is connected with the signal output part of described position-detection sensor, the control output end of controller is connected with the input of described stepper motor driving circuit, and the output of stepper motor driving circuit is connected with stepping motor.
2., as claimed in claim 1 based on the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system of acousto-optic tunable filter, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises:
Picture signal receives unit, for being received the picture signal that described image capture module collects by described computer;
Position detection signal receiving element, for receiving the lens focusing position detection signal that described position-detection sensor exports;
Driving control unit, for by described stepper drive drives stepping motor;
Focusing control unit, for repeatedly setting step motion scope and the step-length of stepping motor, the step motion scope of each setting is covered by described driving control unit Driving Stepping Motor, the lens focusing position detection signal that the picture signal received according to described image receiving unit and described position detection signal unit receive, calculate the image focus criteria function value of each the focusing position at infrared lens, and obtain maximum image focus criteria function value within the scope of each step motion and corresponding stepping position thereof by comparing; Wherein, from the step motion scope and step-length of second time setting stepping motor, after the starting point of step motion scope be once set in the last stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, after the terminal of step motion scope be once set in the rear stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, after the step-length that once sets be less than before the step-length that once sets; Cover the step motion scope of all settings at Driving Stepping Motor after, this focusing control unit is by comparing the maximum image focus criteria function value obtained in all step motion scopes, and control step driven by motor infrared lens moves to the corresponding focusing position of maximum image focus criteria function value in step motion scope all with this.
3., as claimed in claim 2 based on the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system of acousto-optic tunable filter, it is characterized in that, described is repeatedly at least 3 times.
4., as claimed in claim 1 based on the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system of acousto-optic tunable filter, it is characterized in that, described Infrared imaging cameras is indium gallium arsenic area array CCD infrared image sensor.
5., as claimed in claim 1 based on the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system of acousto-optic tunable filter, it is characterized in that, described position-detection sensor is grating scale.
6., as claimed in claim 1 based on the method for the infrared imaging evidence-obtaining system correction image planes drift of acousto-optic tunable filter, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The step motion scope of the controller setting stepping motor of step one, automatic calibration image planes drift control and step-length, this step motion scope is covered by stepper motor driving circuit Driving Stepping Motor, according to the picture signal received from image capture module and the position detection signal received from position-detection sensor, calculate the image focus criteria function value of each the focusing position at infrared lens, and obtain maximum image focus criteria function value within the scope of this step motion and corresponding stepping position thereof by comparing;
Step 2, then, the controller of automatic calibration image planes drift control sets step motion scope and the step-length of stepping motor again, the starting point of the step motion scope again set is set in the last stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, the terminal of the step motion scope again set is set in a rear stepping position of the stepping position corresponding with the maximum image focus criteria function value in last stepping range of movement, the step-length once set before the step-length again set is less than; This step motion scope again set is covered by stepper motor driving circuit Driving Stepping Motor, according to the picture signal received from image capture module and the position detection signal received from position-detection sensor, calculate the image focus criteria function value of each the focusing position at infrared lens, and by comparing maximum image focus criteria function value within the scope of the step motion that again set and corresponding stepping position thereof;
Step 3, repeat above-mentioned step 2 to reach N time, N is more than or equal to 0, the controller of this automatic calibration image planes drift control is by comparing the maximum image focus criteria function value obtained in all step motion scopes, and control step driven by motor infrared lens moves to the corresponding focusing position of maximum image focus criteria function value in step motion scope all with this.
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