CN104746489A - Plunge pool with efficient flushing preventing and energy dissipating structure and building method thereof - Google Patents
Plunge pool with efficient flushing preventing and energy dissipating structure and building method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104746489A CN104746489A CN201510141438.6A CN201510141438A CN104746489A CN 104746489 A CN104746489 A CN 104746489A CN 201510141438 A CN201510141438 A CN 201510141438A CN 104746489 A CN104746489 A CN 104746489A
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- dissipating structure
- cushion pool
- erosion control
- pool
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002089 crippling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a plunge pool with an efficient flushing preventing and energy dissipating structure and a building method thereof. The plunge pool comprises a bottom and side lopes on two sides, wherein a water-permeable layer and a water impact resisting layer are laid on a base plate from bottom to top, the water impact resisting layer is divided into an area above a scouring area, the scouring area and an area below the scouring area, the water-permeable layer, the area above the scouring area and the area below the scouring area are all filled with particulates in different sizes and shapes, the scouring area is formed by stacking of multiple steel wire cages which are filled with multiple particulates in different sizes and shapes, and each steel wire cage is a cube or cuboid. By arranging the particulates and steel wire cages in the plunge pool, energy dissipating capacity is improved, reliability is high, enlargement of a scouring pit can be prevented, a riverbed can be effectively protected, flexibility is high, structure can also be repaired automatically, and later-stage maintenance cost is reduced greatly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cushion pool field, be specifically related to a kind of cushion pool and the construction method thereof with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure.
Background technology
At present, the cushion pool form that induced joint adopts mainly is divided into shore protection river bottom protection cushion pool and shore protection not river bottom protection cushion pool two kinds.Shore protection river bottom protection cushion pool mainly contains the cushion pool that two kinds of forms one are trapezoidal duplex sections, is called for short flat cushion pool, and two is cushion pools of anti-crowned section, is called for short arch invert water cushion pool.Going deep into afterwards along with the continuous mechanism of energy dissipation to cushion pool and Scouring Characteristic understanding, starts to attempt gradually to adopt the cushion pool of permeable base plate, shore protection not some new models such as river bottom protection.
1, flat cushion pool: follow gravity plate Stability Design criterion in design for flat this apron slab of apron slab pattern in the middle part of it, stabilizes to controlled condition with base plate buoyance lift.
2, arch invert water cushion pool: this cushion pool according to the shape of valley natural river course, is designed to the arch build that middle part is low, two sides are high, instead of base slab structure with the antiarch housing of lateral arrangement on cross section.
3, shore protection not river bottom protection cushion pool: do not carry out lining cutting to cushion pool, is only digging position, punching hole in advance, is processing tomography, basement rock anchoring and two sides bank protection etc.
4, permeable base plate cushion pool: arrange permeable hole in plunge pool floor, the compression wave of base plate upper and lower surface can transmit mutually, thus reduces the pressure differential of base plate upper and lower surface, improves the safety of safeguard structure, reduces the thickness of base plate, saves concrete square.
These 4 kinds of methods are cushion pool forms that current induced joint mainly adopts, and respectively have pluses and minuses.If consider that base plate anchoring construction is bad not to base plate block uplift force size in scheme 1, so once base plate gap sealing facility destroys, will there is unstable failure in base plate.In scheme 2, the base plate of cushion pool stabilizes to controlled condition with whole arch ring, and utilize the effect of arch to resist huge base plate block uplift force, improve the safety of safeguard structure, its stability is far above flat cushion pool.But the impact load that jet flow produces at plunge pool floor, the pulsation of load are uneven.And the constuction joint existed between each plate of bottom result in arch ring can not be an overall elastic construction.When effect is greater than with the uplift force of some plates the drag stoping this plate unstability time, just there is the trend of radially moving, finally form the crippling of base plate.Openr in scheme 3 middle and lower reaches riverbed, when cushion pool base rock condition is better, not necessarily want lining cutting cushion pool, the brush portion position that only need liquidate is dug in advance, process tomography, basement rock anchoring and two sides bank protection etc., its cost is more much lower than lining cutting cushion pool.But adopt slope but no bottom protection plunge pool to be subject to the strict restriction of topographic and geologic condition.In scheme 4, the appearance of permeable base plate is a progress in protection theory, concentrates Energy Dissipation Modes to disperse Energy Dissipation Modes to step to flexible anti-impact go a step further by rigid anti-impact.But permeable base plate remains and uses steel concrete this hard material, same exist the Domino effect destroyed, and just will extend rapidly once certain local is destroyed, and the difficulty of repair and cost often very large.
Therefore further investigate the mechanism of energy dissipation of cushion pool further, improve the deficiency that existing cushion pool wash-prime coat form of structure exists, improve engineering economy, proposing the anti-punching method of a kind of novel plunge pool has important Practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above problem, a kind of cushion pool and the construction method thereof with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure are provided, are applied to dam dissipation and scouring field, during in particular for solving high dam flip trajectory bucket erosion control river bottom protection problem, can efficiently erosion control energy dissipating.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of cushion pool with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure, comprise at the bottom of the pool and the side slope of both sides, base plate is equipped with from the bottom to top pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer, the Thickness Ratio of pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer is 5 ~ 6:3 ~ 4, and anti-current-rush floor is divided into again and washes away upstream, district, washes away district and wash away downstream, district; Its length ratio is followed successively by 2 ~ 4:1 ~ 2:3 ~ 6, wherein pervious layer, wash away upstream, district and wash away downstream, district and all adopt the shot block mixing filling of different size, shape to form, washing away district adopts stacking the piling up of multiple wire basket to form, and is filled with shot block in wire basket; Described wire basket is square or rectangular structure.
Further, the length of wire basket × wide × high is of a size of 1 ~ 5m × 1 ~ 1.5 × 1 ~ 1.5, and the mesh of wire basket is 60 ~ 200mm × 80 ~ 220mm.The size of wire basket and the size of mesh are all selected according to engine request, and fill boulder in wire basket, porosity is large as far as possible; The size of shot block is filled in the size impact the inside of mesh in addition, and the size of shot block need be greater than the size in aperture, prevents it from spilling, and the size of mesh also can remote-effects to porosity, the block of filling is larger, and porosity is larger, and effect of energy dissipation is better.
Described wire basket adopts zinc-coated wire, Gao Erfan steel wire, plastic galvanized steel wire netting or plastic Gao Erfan steel wire to make.Adopt the wire basket that these materials are made, all there is stronger tensile strength and impact resistance.
Described wire basket adopts plastic galvanized steel wire netting or plastic Gao Erfan steel wire to make, by adopting plastic material to make wire basket, covered plastics layer will increase the protection of wire basket in high pollution environment greatly, and by the selection of different colours, can and surroundings; General covered plastics layer adopts PVC or PE to make.
Described shot block is one or more in positive tetrahedron, the square bodily form, spheroid or blocks of natural stone.Further, described shot block is positive tetrahedron; Because the porosity of positive tetrahedron is large, effect of energy dissipation is better.
Wash away district and carry topmost effect when water resistant stream rushes, high to the requirement of porosity, porosity is larger, and effect of energy dissipation is better, therefore washes away district and preferentially adopts wire basket to fill positive tetrahedron shot block.
Pervious layer porosity requires low, generally adopts cubic, sphere-like or natural shot block, can reduce costs.Particularly can gather materials on the spot, select the blocks of natural stone of surrounding, shape size does not limit, for the laying of pervious layer, significantly cost-saving.
Described shot block adopts concrete or cast iron materials to make, and washing away, the shot block impact resistance that district adopts cast iron to prepare is better.
The method with the cushion pool of efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure described in construction, concrete steps are:
First build at the bottom of the pool and the side slope of both sides according to required size, then the shot block that particle diameter of jettisoninging is relatively little forms pervious layer, the degree of depth of pervious layer is at more than 5m, two ends again above the pervious layer relatively large shot block of particle diameter of jettisoninging is formed and washes away upstream, district and wash away downstream, district, finally lay wire basket in centre, be filled with the shot block that particle diameter is relatively large in wire basket, obtain the cushion pool with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure.
The present invention utilizes the shot block of different size and shape or natural block of stone to be deposited in the bottom of cushion pool for erosion control energy dissipating, has good water permeability; Traditional rigid anti-impact concentrated Energy Dissipation Modes to change flexible anti-impact dispersion Energy Dissipation Modes into, be a kind of safe and reliable, economical rationality, the new and effective erosion control energy-dissipating structure that simple and practical, effect of energy dissipation is good.The current of anti-current-rush layer, the current particularly washing away district are generally high-velocity flow, and single wide current contained energy is large, how can produce more serious erosion damage, belong to and seriously wash away location, adopt positive tetrahedron shape concret block to carry out filler wires cage, antiscour is effective; When current enter pervious layer, energy is obviously decayed, and major function is permeable, can use the shot block of other shapes.
The present invention copies the principle of normal erosion, shot block river bottom protection cushion pool is adopted to have obvious advantage, its structure is the result that balance is washed away in the decay of flip shot current jet diffusion, stress condition is best, the balanced structure of this best has good reliability, because of " flexibility " feature of block packed structures, its construction, maintenance have good flexibility, and its structure can self-regeneration.By every Data Comparison of physical model and numerical model, cushion pool provided by the invention can reduce the physical dimension of traditional cushion pool, not only save engineering quantity and investment, later maintenance is more convenient, returns the type selecting of energy-disspating entirety, layout optimization brings more more options leeway.
Cushion pool provided by the invention is not subject to the strict restriction of topographic and geologic condition.Underwater bed is narrow, still can apply when cushion pool base rock condition is poor.In traditional shore protection river bottom protection cushion pool, suffered by plate, bourn acting force and the active position action direction between current and plate have sizable relation, in the fluidised form of cushion pool complexity, active force suffered by plate is also fast changing, very easily started, block stressed even, more stable comparatively speaking by contrast.The hydraulic characteristic(s) of the river bottom protection cushion pool that shot block is combined with wire basket has more advantage than flat cushion pool, just can obtain sufficient energy dissipating with less cushion pool.
The loose particle agglomerate layer be laid in cushion pool forms the surface of a coarse entirety; form flexible; the structure of high water-permeability; the block structure of impact zone can have an impact to current; when permeable structure is let out under having cushioning effect to work as current by current, the rough surface of block makes overflow fragmentation reduce flow velocity; the water permeability of bulk solid is to the dissipation of water energy; the a large amount of aeration in gap reduced between block eliminates the energy of current; promote that velocity flow profile adjusts further, these are to preventing the expansion in punching hole and having important effect to the protection in riverbed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the energy dissipating view of embodiment 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to the scope of embodiment statement.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of cushion pool with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure, comprise at the bottom of the pool and the side slope of both sides, base plate is equipped with from the bottom to top pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer, the Thickness Ratio of pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer is 6:4, and anti-current-rush floor is divided into again and washes away upstream, district, washes away district and wash away downstream, district; Its length ratio is followed successively by 2:1:3, wherein pervious layer, wash away upstream, district and wash away downstream, district and all adopt the shot block mixing filling of different size, shape to form, washing away district adopts stacking the piling up of multiple wire basket to form, and loads the shot block of multiple different size, shape in wire basket; The length of described wire basket × wide × high is of a size of m × 1,1m × 1 m, and the mesh of wire basket is 60mm × 80mm.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of cushion pool with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure, comprise at the bottom of the pool and the side slope of both sides, base plate is equipped with from the bottom to top pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer, the Thickness Ratio of pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer is 5:4, and anti-current-rush floor is divided into again and washes away upstream, district, washes away district and wash away downstream, district; Its length ratio is followed successively by 3:1:4, wherein pervious layer, wash away upstream, district and wash away downstream, district and all adopt the shot block mixing filling of different size, shape to form, washing away district adopts stacking the piling up of multiple wire basket to form, the shot block of multiple positive tetrahedron is loaded in wire basket, the length that the length of side is wire basket described in the positive tetrahedron of 0.5m × wide × high is of a size of m × 1,2m × 1 m, and the mesh of wire basket is 100mm × 120mm; Plastic Gao Erfan steel wire is adopted to make.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of cushion pool with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure, comprise at the bottom of the pool and the side slope of both sides, base plate is equipped with from the bottom to top pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer, the Thickness Ratio of pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer is 6:3, and anti-current-rush floor is divided into again and washes away upstream, district, washes away district and wash away downstream, district; Its length ratio is followed successively by 2:1:6, wherein pervious layer, wash away upstream, district and wash away downstream, district and all adopt the shot block mixing filling of the positive tetrahedron of different size, the square bodily form and spheroid form to form, washing away district adopts stacking the piling up of multiple wire basket to form, the shot block of multiple square is loaded in wire basket, the length of described wire basket × wide × high is of a size of m × 1,2m × 1 m, adopts zinc-coated wire to make.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of cushion pool with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure, comprise at the bottom of the pool and the side slope of both sides, base plate is equipped with from the bottom to top pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer, the Thickness Ratio of pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer is 5:4, and anti-current-rush floor is divided into again and washes away upstream, district, washes away district and wash away downstream, district; Its length ratio is followed successively by 2:1:3, wherein pervious layer adopts blocks of natural stone, cube concrete block and spheroid concrete block mixing place mat to form, washing away upstream, district and washing away downstream, district all adopts positive tetrahedron place mat to form, washing away district adopts stacking the piling up of multiple wire basket to form, the concrete shot block of positive tetrahedron is loaded in wire basket, described wire basket is cubic, adopts zinc-coated wire to make.Wherein Fig. 1 is the effect schematic diagram of this cushion pool for high dam flip trajectory bucket erosion control river bottom protection.As seen from the figure, the impact force that impact zone bears is maximum, and now water velocity is maximum, and adopts wire basket filling positive tetrahedron shot block efficiently can weaken its flow velocity, makes overflow broken, and prevents the expansion of rushing hole, available protecting riverbed.
Each parameter, particularly numerical parameter in above embodiment, only for further illustrating the present invention, do not limit its scope.In addition, also can gather materials on the spot in actual applications, construct efficient erosion control river bottom protection system by the block stone of jettisoninging natural with the prefabricated wire basket being filled with Large stone block stone, greatly improve economy.
Claims (10)
1. one kind has the cushion pool of efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure, it is characterized in that: comprise at the bottom of the pool and the side slope of both sides, base plate is equipped with from the bottom to top pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer, the Thickness Ratio of pervious layer and anti-current-rush layer is 5 ~ 6:3 ~ 4, and anti-current-rush floor is divided into again and washes away upstream, district, washes away district and wash away downstream, district; Its length ratio is followed successively by 2 ~ 4:1 ~ 2:3 ~ 6, wherein pervious layer, wash away upstream, district and wash away downstream, district and all adopt the shot block mixing filling of different size, shape to form, washing away district adopts stacking the piling up of multiple wire basket to form, and is filled with shot block in wire basket; Described wire basket is square or rectangular structure.
2. the cushion pool of effect erosion control energy-dissipating structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length of wire basket × wide × high is of a size of 1 ~ 5m × 1 ~ 1.5 × 1 ~ 1.5, and the mesh of wire basket is 60 ~ 200mm × 80 ~ 220mm.
3. the cushion pool of effect erosion control energy-dissipating structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described wire basket adopts zinc-coated wire, Gao Erfan steel wire, plastic galvanized steel wire netting or plastic Gao Erfan steel wire to make.
4. the cushion pool of effect erosion control energy-dissipating structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described wire basket adopts plastic galvanized steel wire netting or plastic Gao Erfan steel wire to make.
5. the cushion pool of effect erosion control energy-dissipating structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shot block is one or more in positive tetrahedron, the square bodily form, spheroid or blocks of natural stone.
6. the cushion pool of effect erosion control energy-dissipating structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shot block is positive tetrahedron.
7. the cushion pool of effect erosion control energy-dissipating structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in wash away district and adopt wire basket to fill positive tetrahedron shot block, the length of side is 0.5-1m.
8. the cushion pool with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure according to claim 1 ~ 7 any one, is characterized in that: described shot block adopts concrete or cast iron materials to make.
9. the cushion pool with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the shot block of described pervious layer selects blocks of natural stone, and shape size does not limit.
10. build the method with the cushion pool of efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure described in claim 1 ~ 9 any one, it is characterized in that concrete steps are:
First build at the bottom of the pool and the side slope of both sides according to required size, then the shot block that particle diameter of jettisoninging is relatively little forms pervious layer, the degree of depth of pervious layer is at more than 5m, two ends again above the pervious layer relatively large shot block of particle diameter of jettisoninging is formed and washes away upstream, district and wash away downstream, district, finally lay wire basket in centre, be filled with the shot block that particle diameter is relatively large in wire basket, obtain the cushion pool with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510141438.6A CN104746489B (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | A kind of cushion pool and its method of construction with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510141438.6A CN104746489B (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | A kind of cushion pool and its method of construction with efficient erosion control energy-dissipating structure |
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| CN104746489A true CN104746489A (en) | 2015-07-01 |
| CN104746489B CN104746489B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107100145A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-08-29 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of cushion pool structure and its construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107100145A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-08-29 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of cushion pool structure and its construction method |
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| CN104746489B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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