CN104738348A - Beef cattle feed composition capable of improving beef quality and feeding method of feed composition - Google Patents
Beef cattle feed composition capable of improving beef quality and feeding method of feed composition Download PDFInfo
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- CN104738348A CN104738348A CN201510159985.7A CN201510159985A CN104738348A CN 104738348 A CN104738348 A CN 104738348A CN 201510159985 A CN201510159985 A CN 201510159985A CN 104738348 A CN104738348 A CN 104738348A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention relates to a beef cattle feed composition capable of improving beef quality. Raw materials for preparing the feed composition consist of a fine feed, residual slags and a coarse feed, the composition and weight ratios of the three materials are as follows: (1) the fine feed consists of apple peel and cores, broccoli, yellow corns, wheat, barley, sodium bicarbonate, soybean meal, cotton pulp, rapeseed meal, shell powder, beef cattle premix, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, salt, rice bran and wheat bran; (2) the residual slags consist of vinasse and tofukasu; and (3) the coarse feed consists of silo corns, ammoniation straws, microbiological storage peanut straws, ammoniation wheat straws and green hay. The invention further discloses a feeding method of the composition. The beef cattle feed composition has the advantages that the raw materials are rich, the formula and matching are reasonable, the modulation method is simple, the cost is low, and the quality of beef can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fodder compound for animal, particularly a kind of cattle feed composition improving beef quality.The invention still further relates to the feeding method of this fodder compound.
Background technology
Beef is a kind of food be of high nutritive value, and the market price is also higher.The fodder compound of the existing fattening stage beef cattle of current China is normally become to be grouped into by corn, wheat bran, cottonseed cake, barley, stone flour, bone meal, salt, sodium acid carbonate etc., this formula not only cost is high, and the beef fiber of feeding ox is out thick, mouthfeel is bad.Consumer, for the satisfaction of beef-flavouring, is directly connected to the economic worth of beef items.Along with improving constantly of people's living standard, also more and more higher to the requirement of food, although the beef price of import is high, be still subject to pursuing of part high-income group.Therefore, China's Beef production, on the basis of improving output, also needs the raising strengthening quality, to strengthen competitiveness in the international market, meets the needs of consumer to superior flavor beef.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of aboundresources, with low cost, reasonable recipe are provided, can effectively improve beef quality cattle feed composition.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the feeding method of fodder compound described above.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is realized by following technical scheme.The present invention is a kind of cattle feed composition improving beef quality, is characterized in, the raw material making fodder compound is made up of fine fodder, poor slag and coarse fodder, and composition and the weight ratio of 3 kinds of raw materials are respectively:
(1) fine fodder:
Apple skin and core 1.5 ~ 2.5; Broccoli root 1 ~ 2; Yellow maize 50 ~ 60;
Wheat 4 ~ 5; Barley 4 ~ 6; Sodium acid carbonate 1.2 ~ 1.6;
Dregs of beans 8 ~ 15; Cotton dregs 10 ~ 15; The dish dregs of rice 1 ~ 3;
Oyster shell whiting 0.1 ~ 0.3; Beef cattle premix 3 ~ 4; Peanut oil 0.05 ~ 0.15;
Cottonseed oil 0.05 ~ 0.15; Rapeseed oil 0.05 ~ 0.15; Soya-bean oil 0.05 ~ 0.15;
Salt 0.8 ~ 1.2; Rice bran 0.2 ~ 0.4; Wheat bran 0.1 ~ 0.3;
(2) poor slag:
Vinasse 3.5 ~ 5.5; Soybean residue 2.0 ~ 3.5;
(3) coarse fodder:
Silage corn 60 ~ 70; Ammoniated rice straw 8 ~ 12; Microbial peanut seedling 10 ~ 15;
Ammoniated straw 6 ~ 10; Green hay 3 ~ 7.
The cattle feed composition of raising beef quality of the present invention, preferred technical scheme is further: the raw material making fodder compound is made up of fine fodder, poor slag and coarse fodder, and composition and the weight ratio of 3 kinds of raw materials are respectively:
(1) fine fodder:
Apple skin and core 2; Broccoli root 1.5; Yellow maize 55;
Wheat 4.5; Barley 5; Sodium acid carbonate 1.4;
Dregs of beans 11; Cotton dregs 12; The dish dregs of rice 2;
Oyster shell whiting 0.2; Beef cattle premix 3.5; Peanut oil 0.1;
Cottonseed oil 0.1; Rapeseed oil 0.1; Soya-bean oil 0.1;
Salt 1; Rice bran 0.3; Wheat bran 0.2;
(2) poor slag:
Vinasse 4.5; Soybean residue 3;
(3) coarse fodder:
Silage corn 65; Ammoniated rice straw 10; Microbial peanut seedling 12;
Ammoniated straw 8; Green hay 5.
The invention also discloses a kind of feeding method of cattle feed composition of the raising beef quality as described in above technical scheme, be characterized in, its step is as follows:
(1) evenly render to preparing the coarse fodder mixed by described weight proportion in crib by the feeding volume of 7 ~ 11 kg/ heads, then poor slag is put into coarse fodder by the feeding volume of 3.5 ~ 5.5kg/ head vinasse, 2.0 ~ 3.5kg/ head soybean residue, stir, finally by the fine fodder prepared by described weight by Niu Tichong 1.2 ~ 1.7% feeding volume evenly throw in the good poor slag of above-mentioned spreading and coarse fodder surface, stir;
(2) all feeds until step (1) described input are searched for food totally, then supply enough coarse fodders and drinking-water.
The feeding method of the cattle feed composition of raising beef quality of the present invention, further: in step (1), described coarse fodder is preferably evenly rendered in crib by the feeding volume of 9 kg/ heads.
The feeding method of the cattle feed composition of raising beef quality of the present invention, further: in step (1), described poor slag preferably puts into coarse fodder by the feeding volume of 4.5kg/ head vinasse, 3.0kg/ head soybean residue.
The feeding method of the cattle feed composition of raising beef quality of the present invention, further: described fine fodder preferably by Niu Tichong 1.4 ~ 1.5% feeding volume evenly throw in the good poor slag of above-mentioned spreading and coarse fodder surface, stir.
The feeding method of the cattle feed composition of raising beef quality of the present invention, further: in step (1), the equal ox of the head crib length taken of searching for food preferably is not less than 45cm.
The feeding method of the cattle feed composition of raising beef quality of the present invention, further: in step (1), the slot order when coarse fodder thrown, poor slag, fine fodder 3 kinds of raw materials are thrown something and fed is identical.
Compared with prior art, the present composition is applicable to the nursing of beef cattle, and said composition has aboundresources, with low cost, and modulator approach is simple, adds the advantages such as fruits and vegetables byproduct, is particularly suitable for the beef cattle of body weight at 400 ~ 550 kg fattening stages.The present invention not only makes these byproducts abandoned of apple skin, apple core, broccoli root fully be recycled, and saves feed spending, turns waste into wealth, and makes beef-flavouring better, and quality is better.Through contrast test, market price can exceed 33.89% than common beef, and the equal economic benefit of head increases about 37.69%.
detailed description of the invention
Below further describe concrete technical scheme of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further, and do not form the restriction to its right.
Embodiment 1, a kind of cattle feed composition improving beef quality, the raw material making fodder compound is made up of fine fodder, poor slag and coarse fodder, and composition and the weight ratio of 3 kinds of raw materials are respectively:
(1) fine fodder:
Apple skin and core 1.5; Broccoli root 1; Yellow maize 50;
Wheat 4; Barley 4; Sodium acid carbonate 1.2;
Dregs of beans 8; Cotton dregs 10; The dish dregs of rice 1;
Oyster shell whiting 0.1; Beef cattle premix 3; Peanut oil 0.05;
Cottonseed oil 0.05; Rapeseed oil 0.05; Soya-bean oil 0.05;
Salt 0.8; Rice bran 0.2; Wheat bran 0.1;
(2) poor slag:
Vinasse 3.5; Soybean residue 2.0;
(3) coarse fodder:
Silage corn 60; Ammoniated rice straw 8; Microbial peanut seedling 10;
Ammoniated straw 6; Green hay 3.
Embodiment 2, a kind of cattle feed composition improving beef quality, the raw material making fodder compound is made up of fine fodder, poor slag and coarse fodder, and composition and the weight ratio of 3 kinds of raw materials are respectively:
(1) fine fodder:
Apple skin and core 2.5; Broccoli root 2; Yellow maize 60;
Wheat 5; Barley 6; Sodium acid carbonate 1.6;
Dregs of beans 15; Cotton dregs 15; The dish dregs of rice 3;
Oyster shell whiting 0.3; Beef cattle premix 4; Peanut oil 0.15;
Cottonseed oil 0.15; Rapeseed oil 0.15; Soya-bean oil 0.15;
Salt 1.2; Rice bran 0.4; Wheat bran 0.3;
(2) poor slag:
Vinasse 5.5; Soybean residue 3.5;
(3) coarse fodder:
Silage corn 70; Ammoniated rice straw 12; Microbial peanut seedling 15;
Ammoniated straw 10; Green hay 7.
Embodiment 3, a kind of cattle feed composition improving beef quality, the raw material making fodder compound is made up of fine fodder, poor slag and coarse fodder, and composition and the weight ratio of 3 kinds of raw materials are respectively:
(1) fine fodder:
Apple skin and core 1.8; Broccoli root 1.8; Yellow maize 58;
Wheat 4.2; Barley 5.5; Sodium acid carbonate 1.5;
Dregs of beans 12; Cotton dregs 13; The dish dregs of rice 2.8;
Oyster shell whiting 0.15; Beef cattle premix 3.2; Peanut oil 0.08;
Cottonseed oil 0.12; Rapeseed oil 0.07; Soya-bean oil 0.11;
Salt 0.9; Rice bran 0.35; Wheat bran 0.25;
(2) poor slag:
Vinasse 4.0; Soybean residue 2.5;
(3) coarse fodder:
Silage corn 62; Ammoniated rice straw 11; Microbial peanut seedling 14
Ammoniated straw 7; Green hay 4.
Embodiment 4, a kind of cattle feed composition improving beef quality, the raw material making fodder compound is made up of fine fodder, poor slag and coarse fodder, and composition and the weight ratio of 3 kinds of raw materials are respectively:
(1) fine fodder:
Apple skin and core 2; Broccoli root 1.5; Yellow maize 55;
Wheat 4.5; Barley 5; Sodium acid carbonate 1.4;
Dregs of beans 11; Cotton dregs 12; The dish dregs of rice 2;
Oyster shell whiting 0.2; Beef cattle premix 3.5; Peanut oil 0.1;
Cottonseed oil 0.1; Rapeseed oil 0.1; Soya-bean oil 0.1;
Salt 1; Rice bran 0.3; Wheat bran 0.2;
(2) poor slag:
Vinasse 4.5; Soybean residue 3;
(3) coarse fodder:
Silage corn 65; Ammoniated rice straw 10; Microbial peanut seedling 12;
Ammoniated straw 8; Green hay 5.
Embodiment 5, a kind of feeding method of the cattle feed composition as the raising beef quality of embodiment 1-4 as described in any one, its step is as follows:
(1) evenly render to preparing the coarse fodder mixed by described weight proportion in crib by the feeding volume of 7kg/ head, then poor slag is put into coarse fodder by the feeding volume of 3.5 ~ 5.5kg/ head vinasse, 2.0 ~ 3.5kg/ head soybean residue, stir, finally by the fine fodder prepared by described weight by Niu Tichong 1.2% feeding volume evenly throw in the good poor slag of above-mentioned spreading and coarse fodder surface, stir;
(2) all feeds until step (1) described input are searched for food totally, then supply enough coarse fodders and drinking-water.
Embodiment 6, a kind of feeding method of the cattle feed composition as the raising beef quality of embodiment 1-4 as described in any one, its step is as follows:
(1) evenly render to preparing the coarse fodder mixed by described weight proportion in crib by the feeding volume of 11 kg/ heads, then poor slag is put into coarse fodder by the feeding volume of 3.5 ~ 5.5kg/ head vinasse, 2.0 ~ 3.5kg/ head soybean residue, stir, finally by the fine fodder prepared by described weight by Niu Tichong 1.7% feeding volume evenly throw in the good poor slag of above-mentioned spreading and coarse fodder surface, stir;
(2) all feeds until step (1) described input are searched for food totally, then supply enough coarse fodders and drinking-water.
Embodiment 7, a kind of feeding method of the cattle feed composition as the raising beef quality of embodiment 1-4 as described in any one, its step is as follows:
(1) evenly render to preparing the coarse fodder mixed by described weight proportion in crib by the feeding volume of 9 kg/ heads, then poor slag is put into coarse fodder by the feeding volume of 3.5 ~ 5.5kg/ head vinasse, 2.0 ~ 3.5kg/ head soybean residue, stir, finally by the fine fodder prepared by described weight by Niu Tichong 1.5% feeding volume evenly throw in the good poor slag of above-mentioned spreading and coarse fodder surface, stir;
(2) all feeds until step (1) described input are searched for food totally, then supply enough coarse fodders and drinking-water.
Embodiment 8, a kind of feeding method of the cattle feed composition as the raising beef quality of embodiment 5-7 as described in any one, in step (1), the equal ox of the head crib length taken of searching for food is not less than 45cm; Slot order when the coarse fodder thrown, poor slag, fine fodder 3 kinds of raw materials are thrown something and fed is identical.
Embodiment 9, improves the nursing experiment of the cattle feed composition of beef quality:
1. experiment material of the present invention:
(1) raw material and composition: by embodiment 4;
(2) feeding method: by embodiment 7, and the equal ox of head searches for food, the crib length taken is not less than 45cm; Slot order when the coarse fodder thrown, poor slag, fine fodder 3 kinds of raw materials are thrown something and fed is identical.
2. contrast experiment:
(1) Niu Laiyuan and grouping is tested
Test ox from scale cattle fattening farm choose body weight at about 400 kg, be in the beef cattle 600 of fattening the starting stage, be divided into test group and control group at random, often organize each 300.Test group uses the fodder compound of this invention, and control group uses the forage not adding the prior art of apple skin, apple core and broccoli root.The associated shape difference such as kind, body weight, the growth of livestock of 2 groups of oxen is not remarkable.
(2) beef outward appearance, local flavor criticism
Select and there is physiology, chemistry, mathematics and knowledge of statistics, understand the process of manufacture of beef, possesses the professional knowledge of beef processing, inspection aspect, physical condition is good, possess the beef-flavouring valuation officer 7 of good psychological quality, be arranged in air circulation respectively, there is no peculiar smell, be furnished with and prepare in the compartment of beef sample.In the last day of off-test, from test group ox and control group ox, each selection 1 ox is butchered at random.Select the identical sample of beef manufacturing specification of beef fillet, western cold, eye meat, stern meat, loin, tendon, body meat, neck neck meat 8 place same area respectively, be numbered with sequence number.All operations process is maintained secrecy without exception to valuation officer.Valuation officer is only responsible for by sense organs such as vision, sense of smell, sense of touch, the sense of taste to the appearance character such as color, gloss, marble grain, smell, elasticity of fresh meat sample with do not add any seasoning matter and toast after ripe beef sample is tasted and give a mark respectively.Fresh meat and cooked beef carry out 5 fraction systems and the marking of 9 fraction systems respectively, and the beef-flavouring that rank is higher is better, and quality is higher, and economic benefit is more remarkable.
(3) result of the test, sees the following form
Contrast test list position: head, sky, kg, unit, unit/kg
In analysis, table can be found out, the average daily net gain of test group 1.68 kilograms, improves 30.23% than 1.29 kilograms of control group, and through biometric analysis, difference extremely significantly (P < 0.01).All increasing weight 1 kilogram needs cost test group to be 15.02 yuan, props up 19.04%, significant difference (P < 0.05) than 17.88 yuan of joints of control group.Test group beef outward appearance yellowish pink is scarlet, and marble grain is obvious, and smell, gloss, elasticity tool are good.Reach 5 grade standards of highest level, higher than control group 2 grades, difference extremely significantly (P < 0.01).Test group cooked beef is tasted through valuation officer and is unanimously thought that juice is many, thick flavor, level of residue seldom, are easily chewed, good palatability, to take like a shot, and reach 9 grade standards of full marks, higher than control group 3 grades, difference extremely significantly (P < 0.01).Fresh meat price test group is 79.8 yuan/kilogram, improve 33.89%, and supply falls short of demand than 59.6 yuan/kilogram of control group.Head all economic benefit test group is 2965.46 yuan, increases by 37.69 %, significant difference (P < 0.05) than 2153.78 yuan of control group.
Claims (8)
1. improve a cattle feed composition for beef quality, it is characterized in that, the raw material making fodder compound is made up of fine fodder, poor slag and coarse fodder, and composition and the weight ratio of 3 kinds of raw materials are respectively:
(1) fine fodder:
Apple skin and core 1.5 ~ 2.5; Broccoli root 1 ~ 2; Yellow maize 50 ~ 60;
Wheat 4 ~ 5; Barley 4 ~ 6; Sodium acid carbonate 1.2 ~ 1.6;
Dregs of beans 8 ~ 15; Cotton dregs 10 ~ 15; The dish dregs of rice 1 ~ 3;
Oyster shell whiting 0.1 ~ 0.3; Beef cattle premix 3 ~ 4; Peanut oil 0.05 ~ 0.15;
Cottonseed oil 0.05 ~ 0.15; Rapeseed oil 0.05 ~ 0.15; Soya-bean oil 0.05 ~ 0.15;
Salt 0.8 ~ 1.2; Rice bran 0.2 ~ 0.4; Wheat bran 0.1 ~ 0.3;
(2) poor slag:
Vinasse 3.5 ~ 5.5; Soybean residue 2.0 ~ 3.5;
(3) coarse fodder:
Silage corn 60 ~ 70; Ammoniated rice straw 8 ~ 12; Microbial peanut seedling 10 ~ 15;
Ammoniated straw 6 ~ 10; Green hay 3 ~ 7.
2. the cattle feed composition of raising beef quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the raw material making fodder compound is made up of fine fodder, poor slag and coarse fodder, and composition and the weight ratio of 3 kinds of raw materials are respectively:
(1) fine fodder:
Apple skin and core 2; Broccoli root 1.5; Yellow maize 55;
Wheat 4.5; Barley 5; Sodium acid carbonate 1.4;
Dregs of beans 11; Cotton dregs 12; The dish dregs of rice 2;
Oyster shell whiting 0.2; Beef cattle premix 3.5; Peanut oil 0.1;
Cottonseed oil 0.1; Rapeseed oil 0.1; Soya-bean oil 0.1;
Salt 1; Rice bran 0.3; Wheat bran 0.2;
(2) poor slag:
Vinasse 4.5; Soybean residue 3;
(3) coarse fodder:
Silage corn 65; Ammoniated rice straw 10; Microbial peanut seedling 12;
Ammoniated straw 8; Green hay 5.
3. the feeding method improving the cattle feed composition of beef quality as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, its step is as follows:
(1) evenly render to preparing the coarse fodder mixed by described weight proportion in crib by the feeding volume of 7 ~ 11 kg/ heads, then poor slag is put into coarse fodder by the feeding volume of 3.5 ~ 5.5kg/ head vinasse, 2.0 ~ 3.5kg/ head soybean residue, stir, finally by the fine fodder prepared by described weight by Niu Tichong 1.2 ~ 1.7% feeding volume evenly throw in the good poor slag of above-mentioned spreading and coarse fodder surface, stir;
(2) all feeds until step (1) described input are searched for food totally, then supply enough coarse fodders and drinking-water.
4. the feeding method of the cattle feed composition of raising beef quality according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (1), and described coarse fodder is evenly rendered in crib by the feeding volume of 9 kg/ heads.
5. the feeding method of the cattle feed composition of raising beef quality according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (1), and described poor slag puts into coarse fodder by the feeding volume of 4.5kg/ head vinasse, 3.0kg/ head soybean residue.
6. the feeding method of the cattle feed composition of raising beef quality according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in step (1), described fine fodder by Niu Tichong 1.4 ~ 1.5% feeding volume evenly throw in the good poor slag of above-mentioned spreading and coarse fodder surface, stir.
7. according to the feeding method of the cattle feed composition of the raising beef quality in claim 3-6 described in any one, it is characterized in that: in step (1), the equal ox of the head crib length taken of searching for food is not less than 45cm.
8. according to the feeding method of the cattle feed composition of the raising beef quality in claim 3-6 described in any one, it is characterized in that: in step (1), the slot order when coarse fodder thrown, poor slag, fine fodder 3 kinds of raw materials are thrown something and fed is identical.
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| CN106538853A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-29 | 昆明象牛牧业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of steer ration feedstuff and its feeding method |
| CN107041471A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-15 | 徐孝连 | A kind of beef cattle forage |
| CN108308107A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-24 | 何成辉 | A kind of cowboying method that can improve meat |
| CN110771569A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-11 | 海南慧牛农业科技有限公司 | Fattening method of beef cattle |
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| CN106538853A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-29 | 昆明象牛牧业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of steer ration feedstuff and its feeding method |
| CN108308107A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-24 | 何成辉 | A kind of cowboying method that can improve meat |
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| CN110771569A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-11 | 海南慧牛农业科技有限公司 | Fattening method of beef cattle |
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Application publication date: 20150701 |
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