CN104729548A - Bio-directional common optical path distributed fiber optic interferometer - Google Patents
Bio-directional common optical path distributed fiber optic interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104729548A CN104729548A CN201510072805.1A CN201510072805A CN104729548A CN 104729548 A CN104729548 A CN 104729548A CN 201510072805 A CN201510072805 A CN 201510072805A CN 104729548 A CN104729548 A CN 104729548A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bio-directional common optical path distributed fiber optic interferometer. The bio-directional common optical path distributed fiber optic interferometer comprises a fiber optic isolator, a first fiber optic optical splitter, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer composed of a same second fiber optic optical splitter and a third fiber optic optical splitter, a first fiber optic circulator and a second fiber optic circulator; light enters the first fiber optic optical splitter after passing through the fiber optic isolator, the light is divided into two paths of the light with the same light intensity, one path of the light enters the second fiber optic optical splitter after passing through the first fiber optic circulator, the other path of the light enters the third fiber optic optical splitter after passing through the second fiber optic circulator, the light in the positive and the light in the negative directions are connected directly through a straight-through arm, one path of interference signals output by the third fiber optic optical splitter enters a first receiving end after passing through the first fiber optic circulator, the other path of the interference signals output by the third fiber optic optical splitter enters a second receiving end after passing through the second fiber optic circulator, and the waveforms of the two paths of the interference signals are consistent. The bio-directional common optical path distributed fiber optic interferometer has the advantages that the number of occupied cores of fiber optic in communication optical cables is reduced, and the signal intensity of the optical signals received by the receiving ends is increased greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fibre optic interferometer, especially relate to a kind of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer.
Background technology
Fibre optic interferometer is a kind of basic optical structure in Fibre Optical Sensor and detection technique, is the gordian technique realizing high sensitivity and high-acruracy survey.Traditional fibre optic interferometer mainly contains Michelson interferometer, Fabry-Perot interferometer, ring cavity interferometer and Mach-Zehnder interferometer, due to the check configuration that these fibre optic interferometers are one end input, one end output, the optical interference signals that output terminal obtains is the integration of all disturbance quantities along fiber distribution, cannot be separated the disturbance information on specific range, therefore these fibre optic interferometers cannot realize distributed detection.
When Fibre Optical Sensor and detection technique are popularized day by day, the technical matters that someone exists for traditional fibre optic interferometer proposes new fibre optic interferometer, the patent No. as China's bulletin is the utility model patent of 200820085440.1, it discloses a kind of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer, mainly comprise fiber splitter, fibre optic isolater and sensor fibre, two identical fiber splitters and sensor fibre such as to form jointly at the Mach-Zehnder interferometer of brachium; From the light of the LASER Light Source of external system after fibre optic isolater, fiber splitter is adopted to be divided into aplanatic two-way, the two ends of Mach-Zehnder interferometer are input to respectively through different fiber, in order to make the additional phase error of two-way interference signal consistent, after the light of positive and negative both direction enters the fiber splitter forming Mach-Zehnder interferometer, directly must be connected by straight-through arm.This Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer may be used for optical cable, the external safety early-warning of photoelectric compound cable and location, the actual time safety of communications optical cable is reported to the police and accurately located optics basic structure is provided, without the need to doing any construction on existing fiber optic network, be not only applicable to terrestrial environment, also be applicable to underwater environment, make it to use simple, suitable environment is wide.But this Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer need take four optical fiber in communications optical cable, and in Practical Project, the optical fiber of communications optical cable uses more and more nervous, which increases the practical difficulty of fiber distribution; On the other hand, use this Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer, the light signal that receiving end receives is more weak, and the more weak length that can reduce detection range of the light signal received.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer, and what which reduce optical fiber in communications optical cable takies core number, and effectively can increase the signal intensity of the light signal that receiving end receives.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer, comprise fibre optic isolater, the first fiber splitter and by the second identical fiber splitter and the 3rd fiber splitter, sensor fibre jointly form etc. the Mach-Zehnder interferometer of brachium, characterized by further comprising the first optical fiber circulator and the second optical fiber circulator, light from the LASER Light Source of external system enters the first described fiber splitter after described fibre optic isolater, light is divided into aplanatic two-way light by the first described fiber splitter, wherein a road light is by entering the second described fiber splitter after the first described optical fiber circulator, another road light is by entering the 3rd described fiber splitter after the second described optical fiber circulator, the light entering the positive and negative both direction of described Mach-Zehnder interferometer is directly connected by straight-through arm, the road interference signal that the second described fiber splitter exports is by entering the first receiving end after the first described optical fiber circulator, another road interference signal that the 3rd described fiber splitter exports is by entering the second receiving end after the second described optical fiber circulator, the interference signal that the first described receiving end receives is consistent with the waveform of the interference signal that the second described receiving end receives.
The first described fiber splitter, the second described fiber splitter and the 3rd described fiber splitter all adopt reflection film coated type fiber splitter.
The first described optical fiber circulator and the second described optical fiber circulator all adopt three fiber port circulators.
First port of the first described optical fiber circulator is connected with second port of the first described fiber splitter, second port of the first described optical fiber circulator is connected with first port of the second described fiber splitter, and the 3rd port of the first described optical fiber circulator is connected with the first described receiving end; First port of the second described optical fiber circulator is connected with the 3rd port of the first described fiber splitter, second port of the second described optical fiber circulator is connected with first port of the 3rd described fiber splitter, and the 3rd port of the second described optical fiber circulator is connected with the second described receiving end; First port of the first described fiber splitter is connected with the output terminal of described fibre optic isolater; Second port of the second described fiber splitter is connected by second port of sensor fibre with the 3rd described fiber splitter, and the 3rd port of the second described fiber splitter is connected with the 3rd port of the 3rd described fiber splitter by sensor fibre.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the consistent and two-way interference signal that time delay is inconsistent of the waveform when external disturbance is exported from the two ends of Mach-Zehnder interferometer, by measuring the time delay of two-way interference signal, the position that somewhere disturbance gone up along the line by optical fiber can be told, and provide the range information that the disturbance of certain position gone up along the line by optical fiber, thus Distributed Detection can be realized.
2) only occupy three optical fiber in communications optical cable (that is: be connected to the optical fiber between the second end of the second fiber splitter and the second end of the 3rd fiber splitter, be connected to optical fiber between the 3rd end of the second fiber splitter and the 3rd end of the 3rd fiber splitter, be connected to optical fiber between the first end of the second fiber splitter and the second end of the first optical fiber circulator), take fiber number few.
3) the two-way interferometer structure of altogether light path is adopted, simply compact, cost is low, be easy to realize.
4) because this Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer use only three fiber splitters, and make use of two optical fiber circulators, each fiber splitter has the loss of 3dB, and each optical fiber circulator passes through and only has the loss of 0.5dB, therefore the patent No. of relatively existing China bulletin is the utility model patent (have employed four fiber splitters) of 200820085440.1, after this Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer, overall light path decreases the loss of 2dB, and the signal intensity of the light signal that receiving end is received increases.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle of work structural representation of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the application structure schematic diagram of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer that the present invention proposes, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises fibre optic isolater 2, first fiber splitter 3, first optical fiber circulator 4, second optical fiber circulator 5 and the second identical fiber splitter 7 had nothing to do by polarization and the 3rd fiber splitter 6, two sensor fibres 91 in communications optical cable, the 92 Mach-Zehnder interferometers waiting brachium jointly formed, in order to make the additional phase error of the two-way interference signal exported from the two ends of Mach-Zehnder interferometer consistent, require that the second fiber splitter 7 that the light of positive and negative both direction enters in Mach-Zehnder interferometer respectively directly must be connected by straight-through arm with after the 3rd fiber splitter 6, the input end of fibre optic isolater 2 receives the light from the LASER Light Source of external system, the output terminal of fibre optic isolater 2 is connected with first port 311 of the first fiber splitter 3, first port 411 of the first optical fiber circulator 4 is connected with second port 312 of the first fiber splitter 3, second port 412 of the first optical fiber circulator 4 is connected with first port 711 of the second fiber splitter 7,3rd port 413 of the first optical fiber circulator 4 is connected with the first receiving end 81, first port 511 of the second optical fiber circulator 5 is connected with the 3rd port 313 of the first fiber splitter 3, second port 512 of the second optical fiber circulator 5 is connected with first port 611 of the 3rd fiber splitter 6,3rd port 513 of the second optical fiber circulator 5 is connected with the second receiving end 82, second port 712 of the second fiber splitter 7 is connected with second port 612 of the 3rd fiber splitter 6 by sensor fibre 91,3rd port 713 of the second fiber splitter 7 is connected with the 3rd port 613 of the 3rd fiber splitter 6 by sensor fibre 92.
During Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer work of the present invention, after fibre optic isolater 2, enter first port 311 of the first fiber splitter 3 from optical fiber 1 from the light of the LASER Light Source of external system, light is divided into aplanatic two-way light by the first fiber splitter 3, wherein a road light exports from second port 312 of the first fiber splitter 3 first port 411 entering the first optical fiber circulator 4, the light of second port 412 output of the first optical fiber circulator 4 enters first port 711 of the second fiber splitter 7 by sensor fibre 93, interference signal is exported from first port 611 of the 3rd fiber splitter 6, the interference signal of first port 611 output of the 3rd fiber splitter 6 enters second port 512 of the second optical fiber circulator 5, the interference signal that 3rd port 513 of the second optical fiber circulator 5 exports is received by the second receiving end 82, 3rd port 313 of another Lu Guangcong first fiber splitter 3 exports first port 511 entering the second optical fiber circulator 5, the light of second port 512 output of the second optical fiber circulator 5 enters first port 611 of the 3rd fiber splitter 6, interference signal is exported from first port 711 of the second fiber splitter 7, the interference signal of first port 711 output of the second fiber splitter 7 enters second port 412 of the first optical fiber circulator 4 by sensor fibre 93, the interference signal that 3rd port 413 of the first optical fiber circulator 4 exports is received by the first receiving end 81, the interference signal that first receiving end receives is consistent with the waveform of the interference signal that the second receiving end receives.
In the present embodiment, fibre optic isolater 2 adopts the fibre optic isolater that existing isolation is greater than 30dB, band tail optical fiber exports; First fiber splitter, the second fiber splitter and the 3rd fiber splitter all adopt reflection film coated type fiber splitter, namely existing reflection plated film device is adopted to carry out light splitting, by general single mode fiber input and output, can be 1 × 2 optical splitter or 2 × 2 optical splitters, splitting ratio can adopt 50:50, utilize the optical fibre light splitting device that commercial polarization is irrelevant, the interferometer system of high consistency can be had by batch making; First optical fiber circulator and the second optical fiber circulator all adopt existing three fiber port circulators, and isolation is greater than 40dB; Three sensor fibres 91,92,93 all adopt existing general optical communication single-mode fiber.
The Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer that polarization of the present invention has nothing to do without the need to doing any construction on existing fiber optic network, only need connect according to optical texture of the present invention at the node two ends of communication optical fiber, the design function of fibre optic interferometer can be reached, therefore, fibre optic interferometer of the present invention is not only applicable to terrestrial environment, also underwater environment is applicable to, make it to use simply, suitable environment is wide, as may be used for optical cable, the external safety early-warning of photoelectric compound cable and location, the actual time safety of communications optical cable is reported to the police and accurately located optics basic structure is provided.
Fig. 2 gives the application of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer in the external safety early-warning and positioning system of optical cable, photoelectric compound cable that polarization of the present invention has nothing to do.
Front end sensing unit 2211, rear end sensing unit 2221 and communications optical cable 10 form the irrelevant Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer of polarization according to light channel structure of the present invention, the two-way interference signal exported is by the pre-service of signal processing unit 3211, enter into control module 4211 and host server 11, host server 11 realizes outside invasion behavior to infringement optical cable (as people pass through, climbing etc.) security incident carry out the feature identification of event and delay time signal extracts, thus the early warning realized infringement event and location.
Claims (4)
1. a Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer, comprise fibre optic isolater, the first fiber splitter and by the second identical fiber splitter and the 3rd fiber splitter, sensor fibre jointly form etc. the Mach-Zehnder interferometer of brachium, characterized by further comprising the first optical fiber circulator and the second optical fiber circulator, light from the LASER Light Source of external system enters the first described fiber splitter after described fibre optic isolater, light is divided into aplanatic two-way light by the first described fiber splitter, wherein a road light is by entering the second described fiber splitter after the first described optical fiber circulator, another road light is by entering the 3rd described fiber splitter after the second described optical fiber circulator, the light entering the positive and negative both direction of described Mach-Zehnder interferometer is directly connected by straight-through arm, the road interference signal that the second described fiber splitter exports is by entering the first receiving end after the first described optical fiber circulator, another road interference signal that the 3rd described fiber splitter exports is by entering the second receiving end after the second described optical fiber circulator, the interference signal that the first described receiving end receives is consistent with the waveform of the interference signal that the second described receiving end receives.
2. a kind of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer according to claim 1, is characterized in that the first described fiber splitter, the second described fiber splitter and the 3rd described fiber splitter all adopt reflection film coated type fiber splitter.
3. a kind of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that the first described optical fiber circulator and the second described optical fiber circulator all adopt three fiber port circulators.
4. a kind of Bidirectional light path-sharing distributed optical fibre interferometer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that first port of the first described optical fiber circulator is connected with second port of the first described fiber splitter, second port of the first described optical fiber circulator is connected with first port of the second described fiber splitter, and the 3rd port of the first described optical fiber circulator is connected with the first described receiving end; First port of the second described optical fiber circulator is connected with the 3rd port of the first described fiber splitter, second port of the second described optical fiber circulator is connected with first port of the 3rd described fiber splitter, and the 3rd port of the second described optical fiber circulator is connected with the second described receiving end; First port of the first described fiber splitter is connected with the output terminal of described fibre optic isolater; Second port of the second described fiber splitter is connected by second port of sensor fibre with the 3rd described fiber splitter, and the 3rd port of the second described fiber splitter is connected with the 3rd port of the 3rd described fiber splitter by sensor fibre.
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| CN105371941A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | Distributed optical fiber vibration sensing detection method based on optical circulator |
| CN106225666A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-14 | 南京大学 | A kind of quantum fibre optic interferometer |
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