CN101458363B - Michelson interferometer based on coaxial optical fiber - Google Patents
Michelson interferometer based on coaxial optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN101458363B CN101458363B CN2009100448074A CN200910044807A CN101458363B CN 101458363 B CN101458363 B CN 101458363B CN 2009100448074 A CN2009100448074 A CN 2009100448074A CN 200910044807 A CN200910044807 A CN 200910044807A CN 101458363 B CN101458363 B CN 101458363B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Michelson interferometer which is based on a coaxial fiber, comprising a first single mode fiber, a coaxial fiber, a second single mode fiber and a reflector of a third single mode fiber end face light; the first single mode fiber and the second single mode fiber are fused with the two ends of the coaxial fiber to form a light beam splitter and a light combiner; a single mode fiber for signal input is connected with the first single mode fiber by the light beam splitter and the light beam splitter is provided with a single mode fiber for light signal output. The interferometer has the advantages of good temperature stability, compact structure, easy control for interference transmission characteristics and the like; meanwhile, the interferometer is easy to integrate with the existing fiber system and is characterized by simple manufacturing method, convenient use and the like. The interferometer can be applied to tests of a fiber spectrum filter, fiber pressure, refractive index, a temperature sensor, optical signal phase and the like in the fields of fiber communication devices, fiber sensors, signal processing and the like.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of Michelson interferometer, belong to the optical fiber technology field based on coaxial optical fiber.
Background technology:
The optical fiber Michelson interferometer has in fields such as optical fiber communication, Fibre Optical Sensor, light signal processing very widely to be used, and comprises fiber optic interferometric wave filter, fiber optic modulator, fiber stress sensing, optical fibre refractivity sensing, light signal phase-detection etc.Conventional Michelson fibre optic interferometer is to utilize a fiber coupler (2 * 2 and 1 * 2) as beam splitter, light signal is input to two individual fibers respectively interferes in the arms and transmits, after transmitting a segment distance, incide light reflection mirror, again respectively along optical fiber reverse transfer separately to fiber coupler, at this moment fiber coupler interferes two light beams as wave multiplexer, thus the reflected light signal that acquisition has the spectral filtering characteristic.This common optical fiber Michelson interferometer has had considerable bibliographical information, for example: L.A.Ferreira, J.L.Santos, and F.Farahi.Applied Optics, 1995,34 (28): 6399-6402; DdjiaoLin, Xiangqian Jiang and Fang Xie, Wei Zhang, Lin Zhang and Ian Bennion.OPTICS EXPRESS, 2004,12 (23): 5729-5743.But the weak point of this optical fiber Michelson interferometer is to be difficult in the preparation process interference arm length difference is accurately controlled, thereby is difficult for the filtering characteristic of interfering the output light signal is controlled.In addition, this structure is in application process, and the less stable of temperature is easy to be subjected to the interference of external disturbance simultaneously.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned ordinary optic fibre Michelson interference technique, disclose a kind of Michelson interferometer based on coaxial optical fiber, it has, and manufacturing process is simple, simple optical fiber is integrated, easy for operation, temperature stability advantages of higher.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of Michelson interferometer based on coaxial optical fiber, comprise first single-mode fiber, coaxial optical fiber, second single-mode fiber and the second single-mode fiber end face light reflection mirror, it is characterized in that described first single-mode fiber and described second single-mode fiber constitute core mode and disc waveguide cladding mode coupling light circulator by the optical fiber splicer welding at the two ends of described coaxial optical fiber, a light signal input single-mode fiber links to each other by described optical circulator with described first single-mode fiber, and described optical circulator has a light signal output single-mode fiber.Described optical circulator has a light signal output single-mode fiber; Light signal is coupled in the coaxial optical fiber and transmits, by the coupling of optical fiber evanescent wave, coaxial optical fiber has been realized the beam splitter effect, light signal reflects through light reflection mirror, injects coaxial optical fiber, and two parts of signals light intercouples by the evanescent wave coupling again in coaxial optical fiber, interference of light takes place, be the effect that coaxial optical fiber has been realized optical multiplexer, interference light signal is through first single-mode fiber transmission key light circulator, and the output single-mode fiber output that is being connected with optical circulator.
Above-mentioned coaxial optical fiber is the double clad structured optical fiber, perhaps is the triple clad structured optical fiber.
The splitting ratio of above-mentioned core mode and disc waveguide cladding mode coupling light beam splitter and optical multiplexer is by the access length control of coaxial optical fiber.
The phase delay that above-mentioned core mode and cladding mode transmit in described second single-mode fiber inserts length control by this second single-mode fiber.
Principle of work of the present invention: according to coupled mode theory, light transmits in two close optical waveguides, and when the pattern of being transmitted satisfied phase-matching condition, light wave can be implemented in positive energy exchange between two waveguides by the evanescent wave Mode Coupling.There is the thin inner cladding of a size between the fibre core of coaxial optical fiber and the disc waveguide covering, therefore, meets the technical requirement of above-mentioned Mode Coupling, promptly can realize the coupling between core mode and the disc waveguide cladding mode.The present invention utilizes beam splitter and the optical multiplexer of coaxial optical fiber coupling mechanism as light wave, constitutes Michelson interferometer in conjunction with general single mode fiber.The course of work of this Michelson interferometer is: light signal is input to beam splitter from the input single-mode fiber, be input to first single-mode fiber by beam splitter, when optical signal transmission arrives coaxial optical fiber, be coupled to again in the fibre core of coaxial optical fiber and transmit, by evanescent wave the part light wave is coupled in the covering disc waveguide afterwards and transmits, when transferring to second single-mode fiber, the core mode of second single-mode fiber and cladding mode are excited respectively and transmit, when the second single-mode fiber structure during without any disturbance, core mode and cladding mode can be separate stable transfer, when treating that it transfers to light reflection mirror, core mode and cladding mode are reflected, again respectively along fibre core and covering to reverse transfer, after being transferred in the coaxial optical fiber, cladding mode and core mode interfere, and interference light signal is exported from the output single-mode fiber by beam splitter, thereby realize Michelson interferometer.
Compare with common Michelson interferometer, the present invention has following advantage:
1. this Michelson interferometer has all optical fibre structure, coaxial optical fiber has identical external diameter with single-mode fiber, and their index distribution all has axially symmetric structure, coaxial optical fiber and single-mode fiber can directly utilize conventional optical fiber splicer to carry out welding like this, therefore, it is simple to have manufacture method, stable performance, advantage such as easy to use;
2. because fibre core and covering are interfered arm as two of Michelson respectively, interferometer brachium difference can be controlled by the length of institute's order mode fiber, and therefore, arm length difference can point-devicely be adjusted, thereby realizes interfering the optimization of transport property;
3. because two to interfere arms be the fibre core and the covering of same optical fiber, so ambient temperature has improved the temperature stability of interferometer to the influence of interfering arm indifference almost;
4. the Michelson fibre optic interferometer only can obtain interference spectrum with simple optical fiber, promptly has reflective structure, therefore, need not other optical fiber circuit and can realize the interference signal detection;
5. owing to adopt coaxial optical fiber, and need not to adopt traditional body optical splitter, body wave multiplexer and conventional fiber coupler as beam splitter and optical multiplexer, therefore compact more on the structure, be easy to existing fibre system integrated.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is Michelson interferometer embodiment 1 structural representation that the present invention is based on coaxial optical fiber;
Fig. 2 is Michelson interferometer embodiment 2 structural representations that the present invention is based on coaxial optical fiber;
Fig. 3 is Michelson interferometer embodiment 3 structural representations that the present invention is based on coaxial optical fiber;
Fig. 4 is Michelson interferometer embodiment 4 structural representations that the present invention is based on coaxial optical fiber;
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete enforcement of the present invention is further specified.Referring to Fig. 1, structural representation for embodiments of the invention 1, form by seven parts: first single-mode fiber 1, coaxial optical fiber 2, second single-mode fiber 3, light reflection mirror 4, input single-mode fiber 5, optical circulator 6 and output single-mode fiber 7, wherein, coaxial optical fiber 2 has the double clad structure, and the refractive index of fibre core 8 and covering 9 is higher than the refractive index of covering 10, can directly carry out welding between first single-mode fiber 1, coaxial optical fiber 2 and second single-mode fiber 3 with heat sealing machine, light reflection mirror 4 adopts the technique for vacuum coating preparation, has high reflectance.Broadband optical signal is from single-mode fiber 5 inputs, be coupled in first single-mode fiber 1 through optical circulator 6, be coupled to transmission in the coaxial optical fiber 2 afterwards, by the coupling of optical fiber evanescent wave, the part signal light of transmission will be coupled to transmission in the covering 9 by covering 10 in the fibre core 8, be the effect that coaxial optical fiber 2 has been realized beam splitter, light splitting ratio size is controlled by the access length of coaxial optical fiber 2.Be coupled respectively to transmission in the fibre core 11 of second single-mode fiber 3 and the covering 12 by the light signal after the beam splitting, at this moment covering 12 and fibre core 11 be that two of Michelson interferometer interfere arms, and the interference arm length difference is controlled by the length of second single-mode fiber 3 that is inserted.Afterwards through light reflection mirror 10 reflections, along fibre core 11 and covering 12 reverse transfer, be injected into again in the coaxial optical fiber 2 respectively, two parts of signals light intercouples by the evanescent wave coupling again in coaxial optical fiber 2, interference of light takes place, and promptly coaxial optical fiber 2 has been realized the effect of optical multiplexer.Interference light signal transfers to optical circulator 6 through first single-mode fiber 1, and in single-mode fiber 7 outputs, utilizes spectrum test equipment can test the Michelson interference spectrum.Referring to Fig. 2, be the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, in the present embodiment, the structure of Michelson interferometer is identical with embodiment 1, just utilizes fiber coupler 13 to replace optical circulator 6, as input and output light signal beam splitter.Referring to Fig. 3, be the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 3, in the present embodiment, the structure of Michelson interferometer is identical with embodiment 1, just utilize triple clad coaxial optical fiber 14 to replace double clad coaxial optical fiber 2, with the beam splitter and the optical multiplexer of Michelson interferometer.In the triple clad coaxial optical fiber 14, fibre core 15 and covering 16 refractive indexes are higher than covering 17 and covering 18, and triple clad coaxial optical fiber 14 can be realized the disc waveguide cladding mode coupling of the core mode and the covering 16 of fibre core 15 in this scheme.Referring to Fig. 4, be the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 4, in the present embodiment, the structure of Michelson interferometer is identical with embodiment 3, just utilizes fiber coupler 13 to replace optical circulator 6, as input and output light signal beam splitter.
From the above embodiments explanations as can be seen, this invention is very easy based on the manufacture method of the Michelson interferometer of coaxial optical fiber, the structural parameters of interferometer can interfere the access length of arm to be controlled by coaxial optical fiber and single-mode fiber, because interfering arm is the fibre core and the covering of same optical fiber, therefore, has good temperature stability, anti-external interference ability.
Claims (4)
1. Michelson interferometer based on coaxial optical fiber, comprise first single-mode fiber (1), coaxial optical fiber (2), second single-mode fiber (3) and the second single-mode fiber end face light reflection mirror (4), it is characterized in that described first single-mode fiber (1) and described second single-mode fiber (3) constitute core mode and disc waveguide cladding mode coupling light circulator (6) by the optical fiber splicer welding at the two ends of described coaxial optical fiber (2), a light signal input single-mode fiber (5) links to each other by described optical circulator (6) with described first single-mode fiber (1), and described optical circulator (6) has a light signal output single-mode fiber (7); Light signal is coupled to transmission in the coaxial optical fiber (2), by the coupling of optical fiber evanescent wave, coaxial optical fiber (2) has been realized the beam splitter effect, light signal reflects through light reflection mirror (4), inject coaxial optical fiber (2), two parts of signals light intercouples by the evanescent wave coupling again in coaxial optical fiber (2), interference of light takes place, it is the effect that coaxial optical fiber (2) has been realized optical multiplexer, interference light signal is through first single-mode fiber (1) transmission key light circulator (6), and output single-mode fiber (7) output that is being connected with optical circulator (6).
2. the Michelson interferometer based on coaxial optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that described coaxial optical fiber (2) is the double clad structured optical fiber, perhaps is the triple clad structured optical fiber.
3. the Michelson interferometer based on coaxial optical fiber according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the access length control of the splitting ratio of described core mode and disc waveguide cladding mode coupling light beam splitter and optical multiplexer by coaxial optical fiber (2).
4. the Michelson interferometer based on coaxial optical fiber according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the phase delay that described core mode and cladding mode transmit inserts length control by this second single-mode fiber (3) in described second single-mode fiber (3).
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| CN2009100448074A CN101458363B (en) | 2009-01-04 | 2009-01-04 | Michelson interferometer based on coaxial optical fiber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101614601B (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2010-09-08 | 重庆大学 | Internal fiber integration type miniature Michelson interferometric sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101846491B (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2012-01-04 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Interferometer combined by double F-P chambers and Michelson |
| CN102096158B (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-12-05 | 北京交通大学 | All-fiber flat filter and fabricating method thereof |
| CN103900994A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-02 | 深圳大学 | All-fiber refractive index meter based on michelson interferometer, manufacturing method and system |
| CN108872234B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2023-09-26 | 浙江工业大学 | Single-fiber OCT system based on LPFG |
| CN112747847B (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2021-10-15 | 上海交通大学 | Optical waveguide pressure measurement system |
| CN109974814B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2021-05-04 | 重庆理工大学 | Low-temperature response Michelson liquid level sensor based on multimode interference and measuring method |
| CN110208215A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-06 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of humidity sensor based on graphene oxide Michelson's interferometer |
| CN111404611B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-07-06 | 南京信息工程大学 | Double-signal transmission optical fiber and transmission device and method using same |
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