CN104729434A - Quantification ultrasonic nondestructive detection method of diameter of spot weld nugget - Google Patents
Quantification ultrasonic nondestructive detection method of diameter of spot weld nugget Download PDFInfo
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- CN104729434A CN104729434A CN201510099820.5A CN201510099820A CN104729434A CN 104729434 A CN104729434 A CN 104729434A CN 201510099820 A CN201510099820 A CN 201510099820A CN 104729434 A CN104729434 A CN 104729434A
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- nugget
- receiving transducer
- diameter
- transmitting probe
- spot
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
- G01S15/08—Systems for measuring distance only
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a quantification ultrasonic nondestructive detection method of a diameter of a spot weld nugget. The quantification ultrasonic nondestructive detection method of the diameter of the spot weld nugget includes the steps that step 1, a transmitting probe and a receiving probe are installed on the two sides of the spot weld nugget of a spot weld sample; step 2, a relation curve of amplitude B and a displacement x is drawn; step 3, an actual nugget diameter is measured; step 4, a straight line is made in the relation curve, the difference of two horizontal coordinates of the cut curve is the sum of the actual nugget diameter and the effective diameter of the receiving probe, and a corresponding B0 value of the current vertical coordinate of the straight line is recoded and stored; step 5, the transmitting probe and the receiving probe are installed on the two sides of the spot weld nugget of an actual welding spot to be detected, when the receiving probe receives that the amplitude B reaches the B0 for the first time, a displacement Xa is recorded, when the receiving probe receives that the amplitude B reaches the B0 for the second time, a displacement Xb is recorded, Xt=Xb-Xa, and the diameter of the spot weld nugget of the actual welding spot to be detected is Xt-dmin. The quantification ultrasonic nondestructive detection method of the diameter of the spot weld nugget quantitatively detects the nugget diameter of the resistance spot welding quickly and accurately and visually reflects the welding spot quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically related to a kind of quantification Ultrasonic Nondestructive method of dot weld nugget diameter, it is a kind of Ultrasonic Nondestructive method being applicable to the dot weld nugget diameter of various metal sheet and thickness of slab, accurately can measure the size of metal sheet dot weld nugget diameter.
Background technology
Resistance spot welding is one of welding technology of widespread use during modern industry manufactures, especially in body of a motor car manufacture process, therefore ensures that spot welding welding quality becomes body of a motor car assembly quality, controls the key of car body error.The quality of solder joint is characterized by Joint Strength, and Joint Strength depends primarily on the physical dimension of solder joint.Experiment shows, nugget size and Joint Strength are approximated to direct ratio, and therefore, nugget size is the main determining factor of quality of welding spot.
The means that the detection of current domestic car load factory butt welding point quality is inspected by random samples mainly through destructiveness realize, and its effect is delayed, time-consuming, cost is high, waste material is many, and therefore Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement is wished the detection being incorporated into quality of welding spot urgently.The Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement of existing dot weld nugget diameter, generally first set a typical curve, ultrasonic signal Amplitude Ratio reality detected again and established standards curve compare, when nugget size is less than the standard value of setting, judge that quality of welding spot is defective, this method directly can reflect the whether up-to-standard of solder joint, but, this method is qualitative non-quantitative only, can not provide the precise measurements of nugget size quickly and accurately.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quantification Ultrasonic Nondestructive method of dot weld nugget diameter, it quantification can detect the nugget size of resistance spot welding quickly and accurately, intuitively reflects quality of welding spot.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A quantification Ultrasonic Nondestructive method for dot weld nugget diameter, comprises the following steps:
S1, select, with the spot-welding sample of actual phase of solder joint to be measured with material and thickness, transmitting probe and receiving transducer to be arranged on the both sides of the nugget of spot-welding sample, the effective diameter d of described transmitting probe
maxbe greater than the diameter of nugget, the effective diameter d of described receiving transducer
minbe less than the diameter of nugget;
S2, mobile reception are popped one's head in, every displacement certain distance x, and in the ultrasonic a sweep signal that the transmitting probe that record receiving transducer receives is launched, the amplitude B of the first main echo, draws the B-x relation curve of amplitude B and receiving transducer displacement x;
S3, along the diametric(al) of nugget, spot-welding sample solder joint to be cut, carry out microscopic examination, measure the actual nugget size D of solder joint
0;
S4, in B-x relation curve, be the straight line l that is parallel to x-axis, translated linear l, the difference making l intercept curve 2 horizontal ordinates is actual nugget size D
0with receiving transducer effective diameter d
minsum, records and stores the B that now straight line l ordinate is corresponding
0value;
S5, transmitting probe and receiving transducer are arranged on the both sides of the nugget of actual solder joint to be measured, mobile reception is popped one's head in, and in the ultrasonic a sweep signal that the transmitting probe received when receiving transducer is launched, the amplitude B first time of the first main echo reaches B
0time, the displacement X of record receiving transducer
a, in the ultrasonic a sweep signal that the transmitting probe received when receiving transducer is launched, the amplitude B second time of the first main echo reaches B
0time, the displacement X of record receiving transducer
b, the difference X of the displacement of receiving transducer
t=X
b-X
a, the diameter of the nugget of actual solder joint to be measured is X
t-d
min.
By technique scheme, the effective diameter d of described transmitting probe
max=13mm.
By technique scheme, the effective diameter d of described receiving transducer
min=3mm.
By technique scheme, between described transmitting probe and nugget, fill stickiness couplant.
By technique scheme, described stickiness couplant is machine oil.
By technique scheme, between described receiving transducer and nugget, be provided with certain lift-off distance 3-5mm.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is: the ultrasonic a scanning technique through transmission technique that the present invention utilizes precision high, can the nugget size of the actual solder joint to be measured of measurement quickly and accurately, reflection quality of welding spot directly perceived, also for follow-up quality of welding spot Quantitative study provides foundation.The requirement of the method to operating environment and apparatus is lower, and efficiency is high also can ensure accuracy of detection, simple to operate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of quantification ultrasonic nondestructive testing device in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the displacement diagram of receiving transducer in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the B-x graph of relation of 2+2mmQ235 mild carbon steel model solder joint;
Fig. 4 is that straight line l cuts two extreme positions corresponding to B-x Curves.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, a kind of quantification Ultrasonic Nondestructive method of dot weld nugget diameter, comprises the following steps:
S1, select, with the spot-welding sample of actual phase of solder joint to be measured with material and thickness, transmitting probe and receiving transducer to be arranged on the both sides of the nugget of spot-welding sample, the effective diameter d of described transmitting probe
maxbe greater than the diameter of nugget, to cover whole solder joint and vertical wafer transmitting ultrasonic signal, the effective diameter d of described receiving transducer
minbe less than the diameter of nugget;
S2, mobile reception are popped one's head in, every displacement certain distance x, and in the ultrasonic a sweep signal that the transmitting probe that record receiving transducer receives is launched, the amplitude B of the first main echo, draws the B-x relation curve of amplitude B and receiving transducer displacement x;
S3, along the diametric(al) of nugget, spot-welding sample solder joint to be cut, carry out microscopic examination, measure the actual nugget size D of solder joint
0;
S4, in B-x relation curve, be the straight line l that is parallel to x-axis, translated linear l, the difference making l intercept curve 2 horizontal ordinates is actual nugget size D
0with receiving transducer effective diameter d
minsum, records and stores the B that now straight line l ordinate is corresponding
0value;
S5, transmitting probe and receiving transducer are arranged on the both sides of the nugget of actual solder joint to be measured, mobile reception is popped one's head in, and in the ultrasonic a sweep signal that the transmitting probe received when receiving transducer is launched, the amplitude B first time of the first main echo reaches B
0time, the displacement X of record receiving transducer
a, in the ultrasonic a sweep signal that the transmitting probe received when receiving transducer is launched, the amplitude B second time of the first main echo reaches B
0time, the displacement X of record receiving transducer
b, the difference X of the displacement of receiving transducer
t=X
b-X
a, the diameter of the nugget of actual solder joint to be measured is X
t-d
min.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the effective diameter d of transmitting probe
max=13mm.
In theory, the effective diameter of receiving transducer is the smaller the better, and as being regarded as a point, when receiving transducer arrives position 3 in Fig. 2, its ultrasonic area coverage will directly reach maximum, and namely B value directly arrives maximum, and so in B-x curve, ordinate only has 0 and B
0value, but due to the restriction of processing conditions, the minimum wafer diameter of high frequency ultrasound probe is 3mm, therefore in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the effective diameter d of receiving transducer
min=3mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, stickiness couplant is filled between transmitting probe and nugget.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, stickiness couplant is machine oil, to increase its viscosity, makes the coupling effect of transmitting probe and solder joint better.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, certain lift-off distance 3-5mm is provided with between receiving transducer and nugget.
The present invention is when embody rule, as shown in Figure 1, such as quantification Ultrasonic Nondestructive is carried out to the nugget size of 2+2mmQ235 low carbon steel plate resistance spot welding, the spot welding parameter of specification is first utilized to carry out resistance spot welding to 2+2mmQ235 mild carbon steel model 4, obtain solder joint 12, then quantification ultrasonic nondestructive testing device is installed: an effective diameter d
maxlarger high frequency ultrasound probe 17 is fixed on round-meshed test specimen bracing frame 15 by the probe stationary housings 16 matched, reserved certain gap, as transmitting probe, stickiness couplant-machine oil 13 is filled in the gap that transmitting probe is reserved, and by placed on it for solder joint 12, place the moderate ring-shaped magnet 5 of a diameter of bore above solder joint, be fixed on plate by suction, an effective diameter d
minless high frequency ultrasound probe 10 is fixed on carriage release lever 8 by trip bolt 11, as receiving transducer, carriage release lever 8 is contained on the stepper motor 7 on stepper motor experiment table 6, to realize transversal displacement, two probes to be all connected on ultrasound measuring instrument 14 and to be placed in the both sides of the nugget 12 of spot-welding sample 4, detector chooses Phascan portable ultraphonic phased array detector, the transmitting probe that effective diameter is larger covers whole solder joint, wafer vibration frequency 10MHz, the receiving transducer wafer vibration frequency 10MHz that effective diameter is less, laterally move, carry out the detection of quantification nugget size, by couplant 13 direct-coupling between transmitting probe and solder joint, be coupled by the water 9 in magnet ring 5 between receiving transducer with solder joint, stepper motor experiment table 6, reaction stepping motor 7 and computing machine 18 form receiving transducer transversal displacement and measurement mechanism, base 1, elevating lever 2, lifting handle 3 forms receiving transducer lengthwise position stationary installation, regulate length travel lifting handle 3, make between receiving transducer 10 and solder joint 12, there is certain lift-off distance (3 ~ 5mm is advisable), fixing lifting handle 3, water filling in magnet ring 5, the water surface covers bottom receiving transducer 10, mobile reception probe 10.
As shown in Figure 2, in the middle of the process of receiving transducer movement, it receives the ultrasonic signal that transmitting probe launches and can change: when receiving transducer is in position 1 time, do not receive the ultrasonic signal of transmitting probe completely, ultrasonic energy is 0; When being in position 2, a part of ultrasonic signal of transmitting probe received because the impact of clearance between two-ply cannot be received probe, the received probe of a part of ultrasonic signal only through coupling layer and nugget obtains, the capture area of receiving transducer is less, and the ultrasonic energy received is less; The capture area of position 3 is maximum, and receiving transducer can obtain the ultrasonic energy of transmitting probe completely; Continuing to move in the process of position 4 and position 5, capture area can reduce gradually, and ultrasonic energy weakens thereupon.
Visible, in the moving process of receiving transducer 10, ultrasonic signal can change, and token state is ultrasonic energy, detector 14 shows as the amplitude B of the first main echo in ultrasonic signal the most intuitively, therefore will determine that receiving transducer is in the initial amplitude B at nugget edge
0.Control step motor 7 mobile reception probe 10, the amplitude B by ultrasound measuring instrument 14 ultrasonic a being swept the first main echo in signal imports in computing machine 18, computing machine records the amplitude B of the first main echo in a ultrasonic signal at step motor control receiving transducer every displacement 0.5mm, draw the B-x relation curve of 2+2mmQ235 low carbon steel plate amplitude and receiving transducer displacement, as shown in Figure 3.
Along nugget size direction, metal sheet solder joint is cut, and carry out microscopic examination, measure the actual nugget size D of solder joint
0, in the B-x relation curve of Fig. 3, be the straight line l that is parallel to x-axis, the difference making l intercept curve 2 horizontal ordinates equals actual nugget size and receiving transducer effective diameter sum 9.55mm (D
0+ d
min=6.55mm+3mm=9.55mm), the ordinate recording now straight line l is required initial amplitude B
0, B
0value is 5%.
Taking off model, carrying out the detection of nugget size quantification to needing the 2+2mmQ235 low carbon steel plate solder joint detected.Above the transmitting probe 17 solder joint to be measured being placed in same position, inject and inspect agent, couplant kind, quantity, device relative position remains unchanged, and the amplitude B (valve can be utilized intuitively to show) that ultrasonic a to be swept the first main echo in signal by detector 14 by same control step motor 7 imports in computing machine 18.Computer Automatic Monitor, when B value reaches B
0when=5%, record the displacement X that now stepper motor 7 controls receiving transducer 10
a=2.75mm; When B value second time reaches B
0when=5%, record the displacement X that now stepper motor 7 controls receiving transducer 10
b=11.60mm, then the difference of displacement is X
t=11.60-2.75=8.85mm, the nugget size D of solder joint to be measured is 8.85-3=5.85mm.
In order to verify this reliability of inventing, carrying out metallographic experiment to solder joint to be measured, measuring its actual nugget size, it is 5.96mm that experiment obtains its nugget size actual value.Visible, the nugget size that the present invention detects is 1.88% with actual measurement nugget size error, shows that detecting reliability of the present invention is comparatively strong, precision is higher, can realize the quantification Ultrasonic Nondestructive of metal sheet nugget formation in resistance spot welding diameter accurately and rapidly.
Want accurately to determine B
0value, first experimentally first must determine the nugget size D of sample solder joint
0, as shown in Figure 4, intercepted the B of B-x Curves acquisition by straight line l
0value is actually corresponding B value when receiving transducer has entered nugget δ length and (is considered as B
0value), and δ is here the source of error between nugget size measured value and actual value, but due to δ very little for nugget size, therefore error is less.
The ultrasonic a scanning technique through transmission technique that the present invention utilizes precision high, can the nugget size of the actual solder joint to be measured of measurement quickly and accurately, reflection quality of welding spot directly perceived, also for follow-up quality of welding spot Quantitative study provides foundation, the metal sheet solder joint of described value to identical material and thickness of slab only need be measured once.The requirement of the method to operating environment and apparatus is lower, and efficiency is high also can ensure accuracy of detection, simple to operate, strong adaptability.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a quantification Ultrasonic Nondestructive method for dot weld nugget diameter, comprises the following steps:
S1, select, with the spot-welding sample of actual phase of solder joint to be measured with material and thickness, transmitting probe and receiving transducer to be arranged on the both sides of the nugget of spot-welding sample, the effective diameter d of described transmitting probe
maxbe greater than the diameter of nugget, the effective diameter d of described receiving transducer
minbe less than the diameter of nugget;
S2, mobile reception are popped one's head in, every displacement certain distance x, and in the ultrasonic a sweep signal that the transmitting probe that record receiving transducer receives is launched, the amplitude B of the first main echo, draws the B-x relation curve of amplitude B and receiving transducer displacement x;
S3, along the diametric(al) of nugget, spot-welding sample solder joint to be cut, carry out microscopic examination, measure the actual nugget size D of solder joint
0;
S4, in B-x relation curve, be the straight line l that is parallel to x-axis, translated linear l, the difference making l intercept curve 2 horizontal ordinates is actual nugget size D
0with receiving transducer effective diameter d
minsum, records and stores the B that now straight line l ordinate is corresponding
0value;
S5, transmitting probe and receiving transducer are arranged on the both sides of the nugget of actual solder joint to be measured, mobile reception is popped one's head in, and in the ultrasonic a sweep signal that the transmitting probe received when receiving transducer is launched, the amplitude B first time of the first main echo reaches B
0time, the displacement X of record receiving transducer
a, in the ultrasonic a sweep signal that the transmitting probe received when receiving transducer is launched, the amplitude B second time of the first main echo reaches B
0time, the displacement X of record receiving transducer
b, the difference X of the displacement of receiving transducer
t=X
b-X
a, the diameter of the nugget of actual solder joint to be measured is X
t-d
min.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the effective diameter d of described transmitting probe
max=13mm.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the effective diameter d of described receiving transducer
min=3mm.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, fills stickiness couplant between described transmitting probe and nugget.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described stickiness couplant is machine oil.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with certain lift-off distance 3-5mm between described receiving transducer and nugget.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510099820.5A CN104729434B (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2015-03-06 | A kind of quantification Ultrasonic Nondestructive method of dot weld nugget diameter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510099820.5A CN104729434B (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2015-03-06 | A kind of quantification Ultrasonic Nondestructive method of dot weld nugget diameter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104729434A true CN104729434A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| CN104729434B CN104729434B (en) | 2017-11-17 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108414623A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-17 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of resistance spot welding quality evaluation method based on ultrasonic scanning imaging |
| CN111912905A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-11-10 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Method, device and system for determining diameter of resistance spot welding nugget, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0287060A (en) * | 1988-09-22 | 1990-03-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | Inspecting method for spot-welded part |
| US5920014A (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1999-07-06 | Fraunhofer -Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Process for assessing welded joints |
| CN1811335A (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2006-08-02 | 北京工业大学 | Non-destructive testing method of dot weld nugget diameter |
| JP2007232525A (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method and device for evaluating spot welding section by ultrasonic wave |
-
2015
- 2015-03-06 CN CN201510099820.5A patent/CN104729434B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0287060A (en) * | 1988-09-22 | 1990-03-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | Inspecting method for spot-welded part |
| US5920014A (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1999-07-06 | Fraunhofer -Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Process for assessing welded joints |
| JP2007232525A (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method and device for evaluating spot welding section by ultrasonic wave |
| CN1811335A (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2006-08-02 | 北京工业大学 | Non-destructive testing method of dot weld nugget diameter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 杨思乾等: "超声水浸聚焦法检测1Cr18Ni9Ti点焊熔核直径", 《焊接技术》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108414623A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-17 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of resistance spot welding quality evaluation method based on ultrasonic scanning imaging |
| CN108414623B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Resistance spot welding quality evaluation method based on ultrasonic scanning imaging |
| CN111912905A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-11-10 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Method, device and system for determining diameter of resistance spot welding nugget, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN111912905B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Method, device and system for determining diameter of resistance spot welding nugget and electronic equipment |
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