CN104727265A - Risk prediction method for crossing-dyke sluice - Google Patents
Risk prediction method for crossing-dyke sluice Download PDFInfo
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- CN104727265A CN104727265A CN201510161223.0A CN201510161223A CN104727265A CN 104727265 A CN104727265 A CN 104727265A CN 201510161223 A CN201510161223 A CN 201510161223A CN 104727265 A CN104727265 A CN 104727265A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
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Abstract
The invention relates to a risk prediction method for a crossing-dyke sluice, in particular to a method for predicting the risks of the crossing-dyke sluice during a flooding period and providing an early warning means for emergency protection in flood defense, and belongs to the field of water conservancy, and the IPC number is E02B 1/100. According to the prediction method, the soil of a soil and stone combination part of the sluice and a dyke is detected through detection equipment, the damage conditions of the soil and stone combination part of the sluice under different levels of waterheads are determined, then the risk conditions of the sluice during different levels of flooding periods are predicted, and early warning and decision-making basis are provided for emergency protection in flood defense. According to the scheme, the risk prediction method for the crossing-dyke sluice is high in practicability, easy to operate, small in investment and capable of being applied and popularized in the emergency protection in flood defense of large rivers.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic engineering dangerous situation in flood season Forecasting Methodology, particularly one is predicted wearing dike culverts and water gates dangerous situation between flood period, and for emergency flood fighting provides the method for early warning means, its IPC international Patent classificating number E02B 1/00, belongs to Water Resources Domain.
Background technology:
In order to draw Huanghe water, Dike Along Lower Yellow River has and draws yellow culverts and water gates, these native stone joint portions of wearing dike culverts and water gates and dyke are the weak links of dyke, have saying of " culverts and water gates one dangerous section ", culverts and water gates abutment pier, quaywall, the concrete such as bank protection or masonry and soil matrix or levee body joint portion, due to backfill leakiness, or the load that lock body and embankment bear is uneven, cause differential settlement, the fissure of displacement, when there is flood, at high water level, under long-time action of soaking, flood causes along crack and concentrates around oozing, if particle is taken out of from seepage exit, and then formation seepage channel, finally even leak can be developed into, cause dike breaching.Therefore, carry out dyke and wear the research of dike culverts and water gates soil stone joint portion contact scour seepage failure relevant issues, the possibility of culverts and water gates generation dangerous situation when flood at different levels being predicted, has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of principle simple, be easy to operate, can truly reflect the Forecasting Methodology be in danger in the native stone joint portion of culverts and water gates and embankment, for emergency flood fighting provides early warning means.Technical scheme of the present invention:
One wears dike culverts and water gates dangerous situation Forecasting Methodology, comprises the following steps:
(1) checkout equipment is set: described checkout equipment comprises water supply installation and contact scour detector, described water supply installation comprises that revolution is hung, electric block and water tank, described electric block is fixed on described revolution and hangs on, and described water tank is fixed on the suspension hook of described electric block; Described contact scour detector comprises casing, base, upper limb and top cover, described top cover, upper limb and base are rectangular steel plates, the middle part of described top cover is provided with movable top cover, and described movable top cover surrounding is provided with multiple bolt, is fixed on by movable top cover on described top cover; The surrounding of described upper limb and base is equipped with indent, is provided with the silica gel sealing bar of thick 12mm in described indent; The transparent organic glass square tube that described casing is rectangle by cross section is made, and wall thickness is 8mm, and described casing is placed in the described indent of described upper limb and base, is provided with delivery port in a side of described casing; Described top cover covers on described upper limb, is provided with sealing ring therebetween; The bottom of described base is provided with water inlet, and described water tank is communicated with described water inlet by rubber hose; The part that described base is positioned at described casing is provided with rectangular recess, and the top of described groove is provided with permeable steel plate, and the permeable aperture of described permeable steel plate is
the upper surface of described permeable steel plate and the upper surface of described base are in same plane; Current enter in described groove by described water inlet, then by the even transition of the permeable hole on described permeable steel plate, enter in casing; Multiple push rod, through described top cover, upper limb and base, utilizes fastening bolt described top cover, upper limb, casing and base to be fixed together;
(2) soil sample is chosen and preparation: choose embankment and culverts and water gates abutment pier respectively, quaywall, the joint portion of base plate is as detection position, multiple sample point is determined according to the size of native stone contact area in each detection position, detection soil sample is got at each sample point determined, detection soil sample is numbered, after air-dry, smash with wooden mallet, sieving for standby, then with optimum moisture content and maximum dry density for Con trolling index, detection soil sample is laid in pallet, with the amount of water that atomizers spray is estimated, a wetting night in closed container is placed into after layering uniform mixing, be distributed in earth material to make uniform moisture,
(3) sample preparation:
(1) normal contact sample preparation:
The movable top cover of described contact scour detector is opened, contact scour detector is vertically placed and carries out dress sample; Before dress sample, select one of them side of casing as inspection surface, prevent limit wall concentrative seepage at inwall uniform application one deck swell soil of other three sides; Each sample divides four layers of charging, compacting of vibrating after surfacing, every layer all needed for sample maximum dry density hit actual arrival predetermined altitude, during every layer of filler, make even particle distribution and will carry out between layers cuing open hair process, cuing open mao degree of depth is 1 ~ 2cm; Hit in real time, hammer will be evenly distributed, and the periphery that sample contacts with cabinet wall must hit reality;
(2) sample preparation during contact surface existing defects:
A there is the sample preparation in leakiness district in () contact surface: first calculates every layer of native quality and compacting height respectively according to the degree of compaction in compact zone and leakiness district, by controlling the difference of compacting height of every layer, produce compact zone and leakiness district; Every layer is all compacted to required height to ensure degree of compaction; During every layer of filler, make even particle distribution and will carry out between layers cuing open hair process, cuing open mao degree of depth is 1 ~ 2cm; Hit in real time, hammer will be evenly distributed, and the periphery that sample contacts with cabinet wall must hit reality;
B there is the sample preparation in crack in () contact surface: being arranged through of contact surface Fracture Width has the control of certain thickness thin plate, before sample preparation, need according to detection, the inwall certain thickness thin plate being close to casing is placed, inwall uniform application one deck swell soil retaining wall in its excess-three face, and then carry out the preparation of soil sample, preparation process is with the preparation of normal contact sample, and extracting thin plate after the preparation of soil sample is good can detect;
(4) operation is detected
(1) determine according to regimen data the water level before gates that flood at different levels is corresponding, with the depth displacement of water level before gates and test point, as detection head, start electric block, according to detection head, by water tank hoisting to corresponding height, described contact scour detector is supplied water, checks whether the sealing position of described contact scour detector leaks;
(2) need according to detecting the modes of emplacement choosing contact scour detector: when detecting the joint portion of culverts and water gates base plate and embankment, contact surface is laterally placed; When detecting the joint portion of culverts and water gates abutment pier, quaywall and embankment, contact surface is vertically placed;
(3) need according to detection the state that movable top cover is set: detect downstream when having the contact scour of lateral limitation, open delivery port, by the bolt tightening of movable top cover surrounding, movable top cover and described top cover are closely fixed together; When detecting the contact scour of downstream without lateral limitation, close delivery port, movable top cover is removed, or the bolt of surrounding is unscrewed, make to maintain a certain distance between movable top cover and described top cover;
(4) start to detect: according to testing requirement, regulate and detect head, then open each valve and start to detect; Observe and record soil sample from wetting, infiltration, destruction, the time of leakage passage formation and the head of correspondence;
(5) empty the soil sample in contact scour detector, load soil sample to be detected, repeat step (three)-(four);
(6) according to testing result, the flood level that each test section potential energy is enough resisted and soak time is determined.
Forecasting Methodology of the present invention, can to the detection of wearing dike culverts and water gates soil stone joint portion and carrying out under different flood condition, easy to operate and simple, practical, simple testing equipment is applied to emergency flood fighting one line, the be in danger situation of culverts and water gates when flood at different levels can be predicted more exactly, for emergency flood fighting provides decision-making foundation.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1, contact scour detector top view of the present invention;
Fig. 2, contact scour detector longitudinal section of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is top cover, and 2 is movable top cover, and 3 is sealing ring, and 4 is fastening bolt, and 5 is delivery port, and 6 is indent, and 7 is upper limb, and 8 is casing, and 9 is push rod, and 10 is base, and 11 is permeable steel plate, and 12 is water inlet.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1-2, the present invention is elaborated.
One of the present invention wears dike culverts and water gates dangerous situation Forecasting Methodology, comprises the following steps:
(1) checkout equipment is set: described checkout equipment comprises water supply installation and contact scour detector, described water supply installation comprises that revolution is hung, electric block and water tank, described electric block is fixed on described revolution and hangs on, and described water tank is fixed on the suspension hook of described electric block; Described contact scour detector comprises casing 8, base 10, upper limb 7 and top cover 1, described top cover 1, upper limb 7 and base 10 are the rectangular steel plates of thickness 200mm, the middle part of described top cover 1 is provided with movable top cover 2, described movable top cover 2 is made up of the organic glass that 8mm is thick, is bolted on described top cover 1 by being arranged on the multiple of movable top cover 2 surrounding; The surrounding of described upper limb 7 and base 10 is equipped with indent 6, is provided with the silica gel sealing bar of thick 12mm in described indent 6.The transparent organic glass square tube that described casing 8 is rectangle by cross section is made, and wall thickness is 8mm, and described casing 8 is placed in the described indent 6 of described upper limb 7 and base 10, is provided with delivery port 5 in a side of described casing 8; Described top cover 1 covers on described upper limb 7, is provided with sealing ring 3 therebetween; The bottom of described base 10 is provided with water inlet 12, and described water tank is communicated with described water inlet 12 by rubber hose; The part that described base 10 is positioned at described casing 8 is provided with rectangular recess, and the top of described groove is provided with permeable steel plate 11, and the permeable aperture of described permeable steel plate 11 is
the upper surface of described permeable steel plate 11 and the upper surface of described base 10 are in same plane; Current enter in described groove by described water inlet 12, then by the even transition of the permeable hole on described permeable steel plate 11, enter in casing 8; Multiple push rod 9, through described top cover 1, upper limb 7 and base 10, utilizes top cover 1 described in fastening bolt 4, upper limb 7, casing 8 and base 10 to be fixed together.
(2) soil sample preparation: after detection is dry with folk song, smash with wooden mallet, sieving for standby, then with optimum moisture content and maximum dry density for Con trolling index, soil sample is laid in pallet, with the amount of water that atomizers spray is estimated, be placed into a wetting night in closed container after layering uniform mixing, be distributed in earth material to make uniform moisture.
(3) sample preparation:
(1) normal contact sample preparation:
The movable top cover 2 of described contact scour detector is opened, contact scour detector is vertically placed and carries out dress sample; Before dress sample, inwall uniform application one deck swell soil of other three outside casing 8 inspection surface prevents limit wall concentrative seepage; Each sample divides four layers of charging, compacting of vibrating after surfacing, every layer all needed for sample maximum dry density hit actual arrival predetermined altitude, during every layer of filler, make even particle distribution and will carry out between layers cuing open hair process, cuing open mao degree of depth is 1 ~ 2cm; Hit in real time, hammer will be evenly distributed and attack required thickness directly, and the periphery of sample and casing 8 contact internal walls must hit reality.
(2) sample preparation during contact surface existing defects:
There is the sample preparation in leakiness district in (a) contact surface:
The preparation of contact surface leakiness district sample is controlled by the prefabricated height of compact zone and leakiness district (being controlled by the degree of compaction changing soil sample) soil sample every layer.Before soil body sample modelling, first calculating every layer of native quality and compacting height respectively according to the degree of compaction in compact zone and leakiness district, by controlling the difference of compacting height of every layer, producing compact zone and leakiness district; Every layer is all compacted to required height to ensure degree of compaction; During every layer of filler, make even particle distribution and will carry out between layers cuing open hair process, cuing open mao degree of depth is 1 ~ 2cm; Hit in real time, hammer will be evenly distributed and attack required thickness directly, and the periphery of sample and casing 8 contact internal walls must hit reality.
There is the sample preparation in crack in (b) contact surface:
Being arranged through of contact surface Fracture Width has the control of certain thickness thin plate, before sample preparation, need according to detection, the inwall certain thickness thin plate being close to casing 8 is placed, inwall uniform application one deck swell soil retaining wall in its excess-three face, and then carry out the preparation of soil sample, preparation process is with the preparation of normal contact sample, and extracting thin plate after the preparation of soil sample is good can detect.
(4) operation is detected
(1) debugging of checkout equipment: organic glass is a rigid media inherently, can directly it can be used as a rigid contact surfaces, and detects the soil body and the contact scour detection case between different roughness rigid building by changing its roughness.Can according to the kind of the rigid building contacted with the soil body, such as stone or concrete, arrange the roughness of casing 8 inwall.
The water level before gates that flood at different levels is corresponding is determined, with the depth displacement of water level before gates and test point, as detection head according to regimen data.Start electric block, according to the head detected, by water tank hoisting to corresponding height, described contact scour detector is supplied water, checks whether the sealing position of described contact scour detector leaks.
(2) need according to detecting the modes of emplacement choosing contact scour detector: when detecting the joint portion of culverts and water gates base plate and embankment, contact surface is laterally placed; When detecting the joint portion of culverts and water gates abutment pier, quaywall and embankment, contact surface is vertically placed;
(3) need according to detection the state that movable top cover 2 is set: detect downstream when having the contact scour of lateral limitation, open delivery port 5, by the bolt tightening of movable top cover 2 surrounding, be closely fixed together with described top cover 1 by movable top cover 2; When detecting the contact scour of downstream without lateral limitation, close delivery port 5, movable top cover 2 is removed, or the bolt of surrounding is unscrewed, make to maintain a certain distance between movable top cover 2 and described top cover 1;
(4) start to detect: according to testing requirement, regulate and detect head, then open each valve and start to detect; Observe and record soil sample from wetting, infiltration, destruction, the time of leakage passage formation and the head of correspondence;
(5) empty the soil sample in contact scour detector, load soil sample to be detected, repeat step (three)-(four);
(6) according to testing result, the flood level that each test section potential energy is enough resisted and soak time is determined.
Technical scheme of the present invention, single contact scour detector manufacturing cost about 2000 yuan, in addition reusable, reduce the cost of detection.Casing 8 adopts transparent organic glass, facilitates the observation of various phenomenon in testing process.Testing result can predict that the situation of dangerous situation occurs when flood at different levels each native stone binding site of gate more exactly, emergency flood fighting department can according to flood forecasting, the culverts and water gates preparation plans of Emergency that can be in danger in prediction and material, realize robbing and early rob little principle of speedily carrying out rescue work.
Claims (1)
1. wear a dike culverts and water gates dangerous situation Forecasting Methodology, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) checkout equipment is set: described checkout equipment comprises water supply installation and contact scour detector, described water supply installation comprises that revolution is hung, electric block and water tank, described electric block is fixed on described revolution and hangs on, and described water tank is fixed on the suspension hook of described electric block; Described contact scour detector comprises casing (8), base (10), upper limb (7) and top cover (1), described top cover (1), upper limb (7) and base (10) are rectangular steel plates, the middle part of described top cover (1) is provided with movable top cover (2), described movable top cover (2) surrounding is provided with multiple bolt, is fixed on by movable top cover (2) on described top cover (1); The surrounding of described upper limb (7) and base (10) is equipped with indent (6), is provided with the silica gel sealing bar of thick 12mm in described indent (6); The transparent organic glass square tube that described casing (8) is rectangle by cross section is made, wall thickness is 8mm, described casing (8) is placed in the described indent (6) of described upper limb (7) and base (10), is provided with delivery port (5) in a side of described casing (8); Described top cover (1) covers on described upper limb (7), is provided with sealing ring (3) therebetween; The bottom of described base (10) is provided with water inlet (12), and described water tank is communicated with described water inlet (12) by rubber hose; The part that described base (10) is positioned at described casing (8) is provided with rectangular recess, and the top of described groove is provided with permeable steel plate (11), and the permeable aperture of described permeable steel plate (11) is
the upper surface of described permeable steel plate (11) and the upper surface of described base (10) are in same plane; Current enter in described groove by described water inlet (12), then by the even transition of the permeable hole on described permeable steel plate (11), enter in casing (8); Multiple push rod (9), through described top cover (1), upper limb (7) and base (10), utilizes fastening bolt (4) described top cover (1), upper limb (7), casing (8) and base (10) base (10) base (10) base (10) to be fixed together;
(2) soil sample is chosen and preparation: choose embankment and culverts and water gates abutment pier respectively, quaywall, the joint portion of base plate is as detection position, multiple sample point is determined according to the size of native stone contact area in each detection position, detection soil sample is got at each sample point determined, detection soil sample is numbered, after air-dry, smash with wooden mallet, sieving for standby, then with optimum moisture content and maximum dry density for Con trolling index, detection soil sample is laid in pallet, with the amount of water that atomizers spray is estimated, a wetting night in closed container is placed into after layering uniform mixing, be distributed in earth material to make uniform moisture,
(3) sample preparation:
(1) normal contact sample preparation:
The movable top cover (2) of described contact scour detector is opened, contact scour detector is vertically placed and carries out dress sample; Before dress sample, select one of them side of casing (8) as inspection surface, prevent limit wall concentrative seepage at inwall uniform application one deck swell soil of other three sides; Each sample divides four layers of charging, compacting of vibrating after surfacing, every layer all needed for sample maximum dry density hit actual arrival predetermined altitude, during every layer of filler, make even particle distribution and will carry out between layers cuing open hair process, cuing open mao degree of depth is 1 ~ 2cm; Hit in real time, hammer will be evenly distributed, and the periphery of sample and casing (8) contact internal walls must hit reality;
(2) sample preparation during contact surface existing defects:
A there is the sample preparation in leakiness district in () contact surface: first calculates every layer of native quality and compacting height respectively according to the degree of compaction in compact zone and leakiness district, by controlling the difference of compacting height of every layer, produce compact zone and leakiness district; Every layer is all compacted to required height to ensure degree of compaction; During every layer of filler, make even particle distribution and will carry out between layers cuing open hair process, cuing open mao degree of depth is 1 ~ 2cm; Hit in real time, hammer will be evenly distributed, and the periphery of sample and casing (8) contact internal walls must hit reality;
B there is the sample preparation in crack in () contact surface: being arranged through of contact surface Fracture Width has the control of certain thickness thin plate, before sample preparation, need according to detection, the inwall certain thickness thin plate being close to casing (8) is placed, inwall uniform application one deck swell soil retaining wall in its excess-three face, and then carry out the preparation of soil sample, preparation process is with the preparation of normal contact sample, and extracting thin plate after the preparation of soil sample is good can detect;
(4) operation is detected
(1) determine according to regimen data the water level before gates that flood at different levels is corresponding, with the depth displacement of water level before gates and test point, as detection head, start electric block, according to detection head, by water tank hoisting to corresponding height, described contact scour detector is supplied water, checks whether the sealing position of described contact scour detector leaks;
(2) need according to detecting the modes of emplacement choosing contact scour detector: when detecting the joint portion of culverts and water gates base plate and embankment, contact surface is laterally placed; When detecting the joint portion of culverts and water gates abutment pier, quaywall and embankment, contact surface is vertically placed;
(3) need according to detection the state that movable top cover (2) are set: when there is the contact scour of lateral limitation in simulation downstream, open delivery port (5), by the bolt tightening of movable top cover (2) surrounding, movable top cover (2) and described top cover (1) are closely fixed together; During the simulation contact scour of downstream without lateral limitation, close delivery port (5), movable top cover (2) is removed, or the bolt of surrounding is unscrewed, make to maintain a certain distance between movable top cover (2) and described top cover (1);
(4) start to detect: according to testing requirement, regulate and detect head, then open each valve and start to detect; Observe and record soil sample from wetting, infiltration, destruction, the time of leakage passage formation and the head of correspondence;
(5) empty the soil sample in contact scour detector, load soil sample to be detected, repeat step (three)-(four);
(6) according to testing result, the flood level that each test section potential energy is enough resisted and soak time is determined.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510161223.0A CN104727265B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | One is worn dike culverts and water gates dangerous situation Forecasting Methodology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510161223.0A CN104727265B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | One is worn dike culverts and water gates dangerous situation Forecasting Methodology |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104727265A true CN104727265A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| CN104727265B CN104727265B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101788451A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2010-07-28 | 浙江树人大学 | Silt anti-permeability strength measuring equipment and method |
| CN203213070U (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-09-25 | 河海大学 | Model test device for researching damage of flowing soil of levee of river |
| KR101354449B1 (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-01-27 | (주)웸스 | Verification method for hydrologic effectiveness performance of low impact development |
| CN104406874A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Erosion testing device of dike breach |
| CN104452651A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-03-25 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | River flow bed hydraulic model |
-
2015
- 2015-04-07 CN CN201510161223.0A patent/CN104727265B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101788451A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2010-07-28 | 浙江树人大学 | Silt anti-permeability strength measuring equipment and method |
| CN203213070U (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-09-25 | 河海大学 | Model test device for researching damage of flowing soil of levee of river |
| KR101354449B1 (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-01-27 | (주)웸스 | Verification method for hydrologic effectiveness performance of low impact development |
| CN104452651A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-03-25 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | River flow bed hydraulic model |
| CN104406874A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Erosion testing device of dike breach |
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| CN104727265B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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