KR101354449B1 - Verification method for hydrologic effectiveness performance of low impact development - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a verifying experiment method for the hydrologic cycle efficiency performance of a low impact development (LID) element technology for processing rainfall effluent. To be more particular, the present invention relates to rainfall intensity certification and verification appropriate for hydrologic balance, sample manufacturing and experiment error suppression where middle process parameters of a hydrologic cycle occur, and data collection and storage by an automatic measurement system. In addition, disclosed are an efficiency verification evaluation of the LID element technology, soil quality coefficient calculation, and a penetration model by hydrologic balance analysis for the collected data. [Reference numerals] (S100) Step of selecting a nozzle applying to a rainfall simulator according to the characteristics of rainfall particles and setting a minimum injection range corresponding to the area of a unit plot of an effluent plot; (S200) Step of verifying spatial distribution in order to verify whether or not the rainfall injected from the rainfall simulator is evenly distributed into the unit plot of the effluent plot and to set conditions of forming even rainfall spatial distribution; (S300) Step of quantifying the intensity of the rainfall injected from the rainfall simulator; (S400) Step of constructing by filling a sample to be experimented into a sample frame; (S500) Step of experimenting the efficiency performance of a hydrologic cycle by sample using the sample frame filled with the sample, the effluent plot, and the rainfall simulator; (S600) Step of collecting and analyzing data measured through S500

Description

LED Element Technology Verification Method for Hydrologic Effectiveness Performance of Low Impact Development

The present invention relates to a method for verifying water circulation efficiency for the LID (Low Impact Development) element technology, which is an effective way to cope with natural disasters such as flood and drought caused by climate change.

Atmospheric greenhouse gases, which cause global warming, have risen 0.74 over the past 100 years due to various activities such as fossil fuels since the Industrial Revolution. Due to this, the types of precipitation are mostly heavy rains, and damage to property and lives due to loss of natural flood control capacity and increased frequency of drought due to poor development and indiscriminate deforestation in urban areas without drainage facilities. Is increasing year by year.

In particular, developing countries near Asia and the Pacific are one of the most vulnerable regions of natural disasters. In order to cope with climate change, increasing hydrological and meteorological disasters, preemptive responses to natural disaster risk reduction are needed.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the hydrological cycle of the natural system, the peak outflow is rapidly increased according to the difficult development and indiscriminate deforestation of the urban area, the delay time is shortened. The rate of subsurface runoff along the surface through infiltration is also decreasing, and groundwater runoff to the groundwater level is also reduced. As a result, hydrological conditions are changed, water circulation system is destroyed, and non-point source is leaked together, adversely affecting the river environment and ecosystem. Therefore, as a countermeasure to solve this water management issue, Low Impact Development (LID) has been developed to minimize the impact of development and improve the water circulation structure by simulating the hydrological cycle before development. As a keyword, the US, UK, and Japan, which are advanced countries in the watershed management field, also agree on the need to change the watershed management method using the LID technique.

However, most of the LID techniques have 5mm effective rainfall as the treatment and reduction efficiency in the literature, and LID element technologies are scattered that do not consider internal and external realistic constraints. The situation is not.

This necessity necessitates a strategy of acquiring verification technology and selecting construction evaluation technology by establishing a preemptive efficiency experiment building, which can have a huge impact on the practicality, commerciality and ripple of the LID technology.

Therefore, in the present invention, the nozzle selection according to the characteristics of the rainfall particles and the minimum spraying range setting step (S100), rainfall space distribution verification step (S200), quantification of the rainfall intensity (S300), sample production step (S400), sample LID element technology Water circulation efficiency performance verification experiment is performed through the water circulation efficiency performance test step (S500) and the measurement data collection and utilization step (S600). Rainfall-flow water reduction efficiency, soil coefficient calculation and penetration model not only verify the efficiency of element technology, but also establish a methodology of efficiency verification experiments worldwide, proactive verification technology acquisition and construction evaluation technology selection strategy The task is to make a huge impact on the practicality, commerciality and ripple of LID technology.

The present invention includes a rain simulator 100 simulating an input system during a water circulation process; LID element technology water circulation efficiency using the LID verification device comprising; and Runoff Plot (200) consisting of 10 unit plots 21 to simulate the output system during the water circulation process In the verification experiment method,

Selecting the nozzle 11 to be applied to the rainfall simulator 100 according to the characteristics of the rainfall particles, and setting the minimum spraying range (21a) corresponding to the area of the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200 (S100) ;

Spatial distribution verification step (S200) for verifying whether the rainfall sprayed from the rainfall simulator 100 is uniformly distributed in the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200 and setting a condition for forming a uniform rainfall spatial distribution. ;

Quantifying the intensity of the rainfall injected from the rainfall simulator 100 (S300);

Constructing a sample to be tested in the sample frame 300 (S400);

Testing the water circulation efficiency of each sample by using the sample frame 300, the spill plot 200, and the rainfall simulator 100 filled with the sample (S500); And

Collecting the data measured through the step S500 and analyzing it (S600); LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification experiment method characterized in that it comprises a as a means of solving the problem.

In operation S100,

Using the indicators on the characteristics of the nozzle, the type of the nozzle 11 according to the characteristics of the rainfall particles is selected,

Using the flow rate control valve 12 of the rainfall simulator 100, it is preferable to set the minimum injection range 21a in which the injection range can be formed in the entire area of the unit plot 21.

In addition, in operation S200,

Nine rain gauges 21b are installed in the unit plot 21 constituting the outflow plot 200,

Using the rainfall simulator 100 to which the nozzle 11 set in the step S100 is applied to simulate the rainfall per unit plot 21 for 25 to 35 minutes,

When the simulation is performed, it is preferable to perform the spatial distribution verification step by moving the rainfall system 21b in different unit plots 21 'in the same arrangement.

On the other hand, the step S300,

After the rainfall is simulated in the unit plot 21 for 5 to 15 minutes using the rainfall simulator 100 to which the nozzle 11 set in step S100 is applied,

The simulated rainfall is collected in the sump tank 22 of the outflow plot 200,

It is preferable to quantify the rainfall amount according to the inflow flow rate by converting the collected quantity (m 3) into the rainfall amount per unit area (mm).

In addition, the S400 step,

After forming the base layer serving as the base of the sidewalk block pavement inside the sample frame 300,

Construct the blocks on the upper side of the substrate using the target sample and the comparative sample, respectively,

The sample frame 300,

A box-shaped frame with an open top, a wall surface 31 made of acrylic plate is formed on the front and side, and a wall surface 32 made of stainless steel is formed on the rear side.

A reinforcing support 33 for withstanding earth pressure according to the load of the sample is padded on the walls 31 and 32,

It is preferable that an acrylic order wall 34 is installed at the lower end of the sample frame 300 configured as described above.

In addition, the S500 step

The sample frame 300 constructed through the steps S100 ~ S400 is seated on the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200,

After setting the experimental conditions including the rainfall intensity or the slope of the sample to be tested,

It is preferable to test the efficiency of water circulation efficiency for each sample by spraying the rainfall toward the outflow plot 200 using the rainfall simulator 100.

In addition, the S600 step,

The water level change in the water collection tank 22 is measured at an interval of 1 to 5 minutes using the automatic water level measuring instrument 22a installed in the water collection tank 22 of the outflow plot 200,

After transferring the measured data to the PC through the data logger,

It is desirable to analyze based on the LID verification device analysis program.

The present invention is not only effective for verifying the efficiency of urea technology through the scattered LID urea technology through the input / output system of the efficiency verification device, and the rainfall-runoff reduction efficiency, the soil coefficient calculation, and the penetration model. By establishing the methodology of the efficiency verification experiment, there is an effect that can profoundly affect the practicality, commerciality and ripple of the LID technology by proactive verification technology acquisition and construction evaluation technology selection strategy.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing the hydrological circulation of the natural world
2 is a view showing an outflow plot of the LID verification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing the rainfall simulator of the LID verification apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
4 is a flow chart showing a water circulation efficiency verification test method for the LID element technology according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
5 is a conceptual diagram showing the force affecting the rainfall particles during the fall according to the rainfall test
6 is a view showing a minimum spray range of rainfall applied to the unit plot of FIG.
7 is a view showing the position of the rainfall system applied to the unit plot of FIG.
8 is a result of rainfall spatial distribution test
9 is a result of rainfall intensity verification experiment
10 is a view showing a sample frame according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a ground floor construction panoramic view of the sidewalk pavement
12 is a general block and permeable block paving construction foreground
13 illustrates a spacer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
14 is a foreground view of a reduction tank area for observation errors
15 is a conceptual view of watertight work to suppress the error of the overestimated input data
16 is a real picture of a LID verification apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
17 is Holton's penetration model due to water balance analysis and soil coefficient calculation

The present invention for achieving the above effect relates to the LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification test method, only the parts necessary for understanding the technical configuration of the present invention will be described, and the description of other parts scatter the gist of the present invention. Note that it will be omitted so as not to fall short.

1 to 3 and 16, the Rain Simulator (Rainfall Simulator) for simulating the input (Input) system during the water circulation process; LID element technology water circulation efficiency using the LID verification device comprising; and Runoff Plot (200) consisting of 10 unit plots 21 to simulate the output system during the water circulation process In the verification experiment method,

As shown in FIG. 4, the nozzles 11 to be applied to the rainfall simulator 100 are selected according to the characteristics of the rainfall particles, and the minimum injection range 21a corresponding to the area of the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200 is shown. Step (S100) and the rainfall sprayed by the rainfall simulator 100 is verified whether or not uniformly distributed in the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200, and the conditions for forming a uniform rainfall space distribution The space distribution verification step (S200) for setting, the step of quantifying the intensity of the rainfall sprayed from the rainfall simulator 100 (S300), and the step of filling the sample frame 300 to be tested (S400) construction ), And the step of testing the water circulation efficiency of each sample using the sample frame 300, the outflow plot 200 and the rainfall simulator 100 filled with the sample (S500), and measured through the S500 step Collecting data and analyzing it (S600) It is configured to include.

Meanwhile, the rainfall simulator 100 includes a nozzle 11, a flow control valve 12, an oscillator 13, a flow meter 14, a flow supply pump 15, and a bypass flow rate on the support frame 16. The control valve 17 and the bypass 18, etc., and the outflow plot 200 includes a sump tank 22, an automatic water level gauge 22a, a flow rate supply tank 23, and a flow rate pump 24. And a flow pipe 25, etc., wherein the types, quantities, and installation positions of the parts and devices listed above are within a range that can be variously designed and changed by those skilled in the art to fit the devices of the device. The detailed description thereof is omitted as already known parts and devices.

Hereinafter, the LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification test method according to the present invention in more detail as follows.

Nozzle selection and minimum spray range setting step according to the characteristics of rainfall particle ( S100 )

Since the temporal and temporal variability of the rainfall process is greater than that of any other process, it is necessary to quantify the average rainfall characteristics of the rainfall process.

In order to simulate the rainfall artificially, the rainfall size distribution should be similar to the natural rainfall and the experiment, and should have a uniform distribution of rainfall intensity and rainfall size.

In addition, a spatially uniform distribution should be formed in the outflow plot 200, and the rainfall duration and the reproducible rainfall pattern should be maintained.

In order to meet the above conditions of rainfall simulation, it is necessary to first understand the characteristics of the rainfall particles.

Rainfall size in the natural state is 1mm ~ 5mm, when the rainfall particles fall, gravity due to the weight of the particles, the buoyancy due to the movement of air when the particles fall and frictional resistance between the particles and the air generated when falling The same three forces work.

Rainfall particle shape is spherical up to 2mm or less. When 2 mm is included, the lower part of the rainfall particles is flattened by air frictional resistance and forms an ellipse.

In addition, the maximum diameter range of rainfall is 6mm, but rainfall particles larger than 3mm are rare and unstable by air resistance. Rainfall particles larger than 5mm have more frictional resistance of air than surface tension, so they are divided into several rainfall particles.

In order to satisfy these conditions, it is preferable to select the nozzle 11 with reference to the indicators of the characteristics of the nozzle according to [Table 1] below, and to determine the rotation frequency of the oscillator 13 for uniform rainfall space distribution. It is preferable to carry out the assay of rainfall intensity quantification according to flow rate.

The LID element technology verification of the present invention uses a LID verification device composed of a 2 x 5m outflow plot 200 as shown in Figure 2 and the rainfall simulator 100 as shown in FIG. The outflow plot 200 is composed of ten unit plots 21 in a 1 × 1m standard. This makes it easy to combine element technologies with different functions.

As a test method for forming a uniform spatial distribution of rainfall, the minimum spray range 21a of rainfall should be formed in an area corresponding to the unit plot 21 as shown in FIG. 6. To this end, the minimum injection range 21a that can be formed as a whole can be formed in the area of the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200 by using the flow control valve 12 of the rainfall simulator 100.

nozzle Type angle of injection drop
size (mm) range of flow injection
(ℓ / min) 1 / 4FF-SS14W Full-cone 120 0.5 ~ 3 22-28 HM-FF Full-cone 58 0.1 to 1 14-22 1 / 4FF-SS1.5 Full-cone 65 0.1 to 0.5 8-14

Rainfall space distribution verification step (S200)

Referring to the test method for rainfall spatial distribution according to the present invention.

In order to determine the conditions for forming a uniform rainfall space distribution, nine units are plotted on the unit plot 21 using the HM-FF nozzle selected with reference to the indicators of the nozzle characteristics according to [Table 1] below. The rainfall system 21b is installed to simulate the rainfall of the oscillator 13 of the rainfall simulator 100 for 25 to 35 minutes per unit plot 21 for each RPM of the central fixed RPMs 0, 10, 30 and 60.

In addition, when the rainfall simulation for each RPM is terminated, the rainfall system 21b is moved in the same arrangement by different unit plots 21 ', and the space distribution verification experiment is repeated with a total of 40 CASEs.

Quantification of Rainfall Intensity (S300)

Referring to the quantification of the rainfall intensity corresponding to the input (refer to Figure 1) in the water circulation process according to the present invention.

In consideration of the uncertainty of the rainfall observation data of the rainfall system 21b, the rainfall is simulated for each of the nozzles 11 for 5 to 15 minutes within the flow rate range applicable to the unit plot 21. After the rainfall simulation, the rainfall is collected to the water collection tank 22, and the collected water quantity (㎥) is converted into the rainfall amount per unit area (mm) according to Equation 1 below to quantify the rainfall according to the inflow flow rate. Equation 1 below shows an example of calculating the quantity of rainfall as rainfall.

(1)

An example of the rainfall space distribution experiment based on the method as described above will be described using FIG. 8 and the following [Table 2], and the embodiment for quantifying rainfall intensity by inflow flow is shown in Table 3 below. It demonstrates using [Table 5].

division RPM0 RPM10 RPM30 RPM60 Mean 22.14 18.71 18.66 18.73 St. DEV 10.61 5.77 4.81 4.78 Variance 112.59 33.30 30.83 30.43

As a result of the verification experiment within the flow rate range applicable to the unit plot 21 using the HM-FF nozzle, the standard deviation of the observed value of each rainfall meter 21b was the highest from RPM 0 to 10.61, RPM The lowest value was in order of 5.77 at 10, 4.81 at RPM 30, and 4.78 at RPM 60.

In addition, when the rotation frequency was fixed, the average rainfall value was the highest with 22.14mm, and RPM 10, 30, and 60 showed similar results with 18.71, 18.66, and 18.73, respectively. Rainfall appears spatially uniform when the conditions above RPM 30 are formed by this rainfall verification experiment.

The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the rainfall intensity test for each inflow flow. [Table 3] shows the results of the 10-minute rainfall intensity test results for the 1/4 FF-1.5 nozzles corresponding to [Table 1], and [Table 4] shows the 10-minutes of the HM-FF nozzles corresponding to [Table 1]. The rainfall intensity test result table of. And Table 5 shows the results of the 10-minute rainfall intensity test results of the 1/4 FF-14W nozzle corresponding to Table 1.

The flow rate flowing through the pump is monitored by the automatic flowmeter and automatically stored in the PC. As a result of comparing the injection angle generated by the injection pressure of the nozzle 11 and the loss amount driven by the RPM, the loss amount of 25.63% was found to be 2.39% to 37.32%.

In addition, despite the same flow rate of 22Lℓ / min of HM-FF and 1 / 4FF-SS14W, the latter rainfall was remarkably large. This decreases the injection angle due to the decrease in the injection pressure of the 1 / 4FF-SS14W nozzle, it is considered that the amount of water particles is increased to reduce the amount of loss to the outside of the outflow plot 200 by gravity.

The flow rate for 20 minutes in the rainfall spatial distribution experiment was 320 L (32 mm / m 2), and the value observed in the rainfall system 21b was over 18 mm. This means that the loss rate outside the outflow plot 200 due to the rotation of the oscillator 13 is about 56%. However, as shown in [Table 4], the average rainfall was 10.96mm when the inflow flow rate was 16ℓ / min for 10 minutes, and it was 21.92mm in 20 minutes.

Inflow
(ℓ / min) RPM 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Average
6
Inflow Flow (mm) 6.15 5.95 6.04 6.05 6.12 6.12 6.09 6.06 Rainfall (mm) 5.91 5.24 5.23 5.22 5.29 5.27 5.21 5.24 % Loss 3.90 28.74 29.97 30.25 29.90 30.23 30.87 29.99
8
Inflow Flow (mm) 8.4 8.44 8.35 8.4 8.39 8.39 8.39 8.39 Rainfall (mm) 8.01 6.42 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.41 6.41 % Loss 4.64 23.93 23.35 23.81 23.72 23.72 23.60 23.69
10
Inflow Flow (mm) 10.2 10.4 10.34 10.32 10.4 10.4 10.31 10.36 Rainfall (mm) 9.7 7.6 7.51 7.63 7.56 7.49 7.49 7.55 % Loss 4.90 26.92 27.37 26.07 27.31 27.98 27.35 27.17
12
Inflow Flow (mm) 12.23 12.04 12.16 12.1 12.1 12.13 12.10 12.11 Rainfall (mm) 10.99 8.69 8.51 8.59 8.59 8.59 8.61 8.60 % Loss 10.14 27.82 30.02 29.01 29.01 29.18 28.87 28.98
14
Inflow Flow (mm) 14.15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14.00 Rainfall (mm) 12.96 9.78 9.78 10.02 9.78 9.78 9.78 9.82 % Loss 8.41 23.00 23.00 21.29 23.00 23.00 23.00 22.71

Inflow
(ℓ / min) RPM 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Average
14
Inflow Flow (mm) 14.17 14.25 14.01 13.79 14.47 14.33 14.23 14.18 Rainfall (mm) 10.26 9.01 8.97 8.81 9.07 9.12 9.89 9.15 % Loss 27.59 36.77 35.97 36.11 37.32 36.36 30.50 35.51
16
Inflow Flow (mm) 16.69 16.53 16.71 16.88 16.55 16.56 16.89 16.69 Rainfall (mm) 12.37 10.89 11.02 11.52 10.91 10.48 10.95 10.96 % Loss 25.88 34.12 34.05 31.75 34.08 36.71 35.17 34.31
18
Inflow Flow (mm) 18.27 17.61 17.61 17.82 18.54 18.66 18.96 18.20 Rainfall (mm) 14.27 13.05 12.98 12.91 13.1 13.1 12.97 13.02 % Loss 21.89 25.89 26.29 27.55 29.34 29.80 31.59 28.41
20
Inflow Flow (mm) 20.13 20.08 20.16 20.06 19.95 20.27 20.13 20.11 Rainfall (mm) 15.23 14.09 14.13 14.09 14.1 14.11 14.11 14.11 % Loss 24.34 29.83 29.91 29.76 29.32 30.39 29.91 29.85
22
Inflow Flow (mm) 22.99 23.11 23.21 22.92 23.05 23 23.33 23.10 Rainfall (mm) 16.78 15.33 15.61 15.78 15.42 15.4 15.47 15.50 % Loss 27.01 33.67 32.74 31.15 33.10 33.04 33.69 32.90

Inflow
(ℓ / min) RPM 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Average
22
Inflow Flow (mm) 23.05 22.85 23.01 23.95 23.84 23.8 23.83 23.55 Rainfall (mm) 22.5 21.16 20.83 21.69 21.46 21.16 21.09 21.23 % Loss 2.39 7.40 9.47 9.44 9.98 11.09 11.50 9.81
24
Inflow Flow (mm) 27.33 27.76 27.65 27.81 27.34 26.91 25.77 27.21 Rainfall (mm) 24.33 22.97 22.94 23.05 22.9 22.93 22.82 22.94 % Loss 10.98 17.26 17.03 17.12 16.24 14.79 11.45 15.65
26
Inflow Flow (mm) 28.44 25.95 28.91 28.71 29.14 28.47 29.34 28.42 Rainfall (mm) 25.11 23.13 23.52 23.66 23.65 23.61 23.92 23.58 % Loss 11.71 10.87 18.64 17.59 18.84 17.07 18.47 16.91
28
Inflow Flow (mm) 31.23 31.02 30.92 31.05 30.75 31.02 30.69 30.91 Rainfall (mm) 26.1 24.41 24.38 24.61 24.36 24.21 24.97 24.49 % Loss 16.43 21.31 21.15 20.74 20.78 21.95 18.64 20.76

The following is a verification method for the rainfall intensity test according to the inflow flow rate, by collecting rainfall for 1 minute in the beaker to the unit plot 21 in a beaker to convert the unit to the rainfall intensity of 1 hour in the same manner as the equation (1). Convert.

Example for the present invention by selecting the spray rainfall intensity of three (= 30mm / hr, 50mm / hr, 100mm / hr) of 10 minutes of rainfall intensity quantified as shown in [Table 3] ~ [Table 5] Rainfall intensity was verified.

Rainfall intensity 30mm / hr applied 5.24mm rainfall average value of flow rate 6 according to the test table of [Table 3], and rainfall intensity 50mm / hr applied 9.15mm rainfall average value of 14 flow rate according to the test table of [Table 4]. Was,

In the case of rainfall intensity 100mm / hr, if you look at the test table in [Table 4], the rainfall increases constantly as the inflow flow rate increases. Select 26 liters per minute flow rate.

On the other hand, if the LID verifier is equipped with five nozzles 11 in two lines and the same type of nozzles 11 are mounted, the rainfall sprayed for each nozzle 11 is constant. In the verification method, only one nozzle 11 is used for one unit plot 21.

In addition, by calculating 1/5 of the selected flow rate of the nozzle 11 and reading the value appearing on the flow meter 14, the unit converts the beaker to determine whether or not the rainfall desired to be obtained at the flow rate is sprayed. 9 shows an embodiment of verifying the inflow flow rate according to the rainfall intensity of the present invention. The present invention must be a method for reproducing any rainfall intensity to be simulated using a quantified rainfall assay table.

Sample production step (S400)

Next, a method of manufacturing a sample of the element technology to test the efficiency verification will be described in detail using a permeable block technique, which is one of the LID element technologies.

10 is a unit plot 21 for the experimental sample frame 300, a wall surface 31 made of an acrylic plate is formed on the front and side of the frame in a box shape, and a wall surface 32 made of stainless steel is formed on the back of the sample. Reinforcing support 33 for withstanding the earth pressure according to the load is configured to be padded on the respective wall surfaces (31, 32).

More specifically, it consists of 1 × 1 × 0.75m (left) and 1 × 1 × 0.85m (right) standards. Verification Experiment The combination verification of LID element technology is possible by connecting each sample frame according to CASE. The reason for the different left and right heights is to make it easy to separate the front and rear walls when the frames are combined.

In addition, as described above, the front and side surfaces were constructed with an acrylic plate so that the inside of the element technology could be observed, and the reinforcing support 33 was padded in consideration of the earth pressure according to the load of the sample.

In addition, by configuring the intermediate layer in the sample frame 300 was configured to facilitate the preparation of the sample according to the layer depth of the element technology.

Using the sample frame 300, a general block sample for comparative experiments with a water-permeable block, which is one of the LID element technologies, was directly manufactured in a laboratory as shown in FIG. The base layer of the pavement block pavement was formed by using the washed gravel (a) to form a gravel layer (b) at the bottom, and then forming a sand layer (c) thereon and then compacting (d) the same way as the field conditions. Samples were constructed.

Thereafter, as shown in (a) and (c) and (b) and (d) of FIG. 12, the general block and the permeable block may be constructed, respectively, and in the case of the permeable paving block, water may be stored in the center of the block. The product of Red Green Co., Ltd., which has a lot of space, is used, and it is considered to have an excellent effect on reducing rainfall runoff.

In addition, in the case of a general block, the gap between the block and the block is repeatedly filled by using dry sand, and the gap is filled in the case of the permeable block, so that the drainage of rainfall is useful between the block and the upper block as shown in FIG. The construction was given by using a space 40, the thickness of which becomes thinner from (41) to the lower portion (42).

On the other hand, the collection tank 22 of the LID verification apparatus used in the present invention is composed of an area of 1 x 1m, the change of the water level is small in the case of a small flow rate, the error for measurement becomes large. Therefore, it is necessary to perform more accurate measurement by reducing the area of the water collecting tank 22 by using the acrylic plate and increasing the amount of change of the number. FIG. 14 shows a construction process for reducing the area of the water collecting tank 22. The change of the water level is increased four times by reducing the area of the water collecting tank 22 to 1/4 using an acrylic plate as shown in FIG. .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 15, the gaps should be taped and ordered to prevent hardware errors due to gaps in the watershed dividing line.

In addition, the present invention has been verified rainfall rainfall in the unit basin of 1㎡, the rainfall is sprayed coincides with the rainfall collected in the 1㎡ unit basin. However, since the rainfall is sprayed according to the injection angle of the nozzle 11 exceeds 1 m 2, the rainfall α falling behind the sample frame 300 flows into the unit watershed along the outflow plot 200 of the LID verification apparatus. do.

For this reason, the amount of runoff is overestimated and the hydrological equilibrium is shifted, so the amount of storage in the soil is underestimated, resulting in errors in the relationship between Water & Soil. In this case, it is preferable that an acrylic order wall 34 is provided at the lower end of the sample frame 300 to be watertight with silicon. Such a relationship is shown in (Equation 2) to (Equation 4).

(2)

(3)

(Equation 4)

Experimental step for water circulation efficiency per sample (S500)

As described above, the nozzle selection according to the characteristics of the rainfall particles and the minimum spraying range setting of the rainfall, rainfall space distribution verification and quantification of the rainfall intensity, and when the sample production is completed, the sample frame 300 is constructed After seating on the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200, the experimental conditions such as the rainfall intensity, the inclination of the sample to be tested, etc. are set, and the rainfall is sprayed to the outflow plot 200 using the rainfall simulator 100. Therefore, the water circulation efficiency of each LID element technology is tested.

Measurement data collection and utilization stage ( S600 )

Next, the measurement data collection and utilization will be described in detail.

The water level change of the sump 22 should be observed at intervals of 1 minute and 5 minutes from the start of the rainfall simulation to the completion of the surface and underground runoff. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the automatic water level measuring instrument 22a or the like automatically transmits data to a PC through a conventional data logger. In addition, it is possible to check, store and analyze data in the PC's LID verification device analysis program.

The stored data analyzes total surface runoff, total infiltration runoff, and water content in soil by hydrologic water balance analysis, and calculates the time from the time of occurrence of infiltration runoff to calculate the average permeability coefficient according to the element technology. .

In addition, it is possible to calculate the average porosity by using the water content in the soil below (Equation 5).

(5)

The following is an embodiment of the data analysis of the present invention shows the results of water balance analysis when the rainfall intensity is 30mm / hr and the rainfall intensity is 100mm / hr. [Table 6] shows the water balance analysis results when the rainfall intensity is 30mm / hr, and [Table 7] below shows the soil coefficient calculation results accordingly.

In addition, Table 8 shows the result of water balance analysis when rainfall intensity is 100mm / hr. When the rainfall intensity was 30mm / hr, the surface runoff did not occur in both normal and permeable blocks, and both were infiltrated.

In addition, the water content in the soil was 30.65mm for general blocks and 30.68mm for permeable blocks, which all functioned about 90% of the total rainfall.

In addition, the rainfall intensity 100mm / hr was carried out with the same sample 24 hours after the end of the 30mm / hr verification experiment. Soil was tested in the wet state.

Surface leakage occurred in both cases, but the average block was 30.25mm and the permeation block was 9.5mm. In addition, the water content shows a different result compared to the rainfall intensity 30mm / hr. In the case of 30 mm / hr, the condition includes the surface of sand when completely dry. Therefore, it is desirable to use water content data of 100mm / hr rainfall intensity to be tested when the average porosity is used when wet.

General block pavement (mm) Rainfall Surface runoff Groundwater runoff Storage 34 0
(0%) 3.35
(9.85%) 30.65
(90.15%) General block pavement (mm) Rainfall Surface runoff Groundwater runoff Storage 34 0
(0%) 3.425
(10.07%) 30.575
(89.93%)

General block pavement (mm) Conductivity (cm / sec) Porosity 2.2 × 10 ^-2 22.64 Pervious block pavement (mm) Conductivity (cm / sec) Porosity 2.2 × 10 ^-2 22.59

General block pavement (mm) Rainfall Surface runoff Groundwater runoff Storage 108 30.25
(28.01%) 65.75
(60.88%) 12
(11.11%) General block pavement (mm) Rainfall Surface runoff Groundwater runoff Storage 108 9.5
(8.80%) 82.5
(76.39%) 16
(14.81%)

In addition, it is preferable to present the penetration model of Holton using the data through the water balance analysis according to the embodiment of the present invention. Based on the observed data, the initial infiltration by rainfall intensity is determined by the difference between the surface runoff and rainfall.

In addition, it is possible to determine the initial infiltration capacity and the boil infiltration capacity by determining the trend of penetration according to the determined time, determine the attenuation coefficient according to the decreasing trend, and then substitute the Holton's penetration model equation (Equation 6) below to penetrate the arbitrary trial. Determine. An example thereof is shown in FIG. 17.

(6)

As described above, the LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification test method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been shown in accordance with the above description, the embodiment and the drawings, but this is only described by way of example and the spirit of the present invention Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

100: Rainfall Simulator 200: Outflow Plot
300: sample frame 11: nozzle
12: flow control valve 13: oscillator
14: flow meter 15: flow rate supply pump
16: support frame 17: bypass flow control valve
18: Bypass 21: Unit Plot
21a: minimum injection range 21b: rainfall
22: water collection tank 22a: automatic water level gauge
23: flow rate supply tank 24: flow rate pump
25: flow piping 31, 32: wall surface
33: reinforcement support 34: acrylic back wall
40: space 41: upper part
42: lower

Claims (7)

A rain simulator 100 that simulates an input system during a water circulation process; LID element technology water circulation efficiency using the LID verification device comprising; and Runoff Plot (200) consisting of 10 unit plots 21 to simulate the output system during the water circulation process In the verification experiment method,
Selecting the nozzle 11 to be applied to the rainfall simulator 100 according to the characteristics of the rainfall particles, and setting the minimum spraying range (21a) corresponding to the area of the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200 (S100) ;
Spatial distribution verification step (S200) for verifying whether the rainfall sprayed from the rainfall simulator 100 is uniformly distributed in the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200 and setting a condition for forming a uniform rainfall spatial distribution. ;
Quantifying the intensity of the rainfall injected from the rainfall simulator 100 (S300);
Constructing a sample to be tested in the sample frame 300 (S400);
Testing the water circulation efficiency of each sample by using the sample frame 300, the spill plot 200, and the rainfall simulator 100 filled with the sample (S500); And
Collecting and analyzing the measured data through the step S500 (S600); LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification experiment method, characterized in that it comprises a.
The method of claim 1,
In operation S100,
Using the indicators on the characteristics of the nozzle, the type of the nozzle 11 according to the characteristics of the rainfall particles is selected,
LID element technology water circulation efficiency, characterized in that by using the flow control valve 12 of the rainfall simulator 100 to set the minimum injection range (21a) that can be formed in the entire area of the unit plot 21 Performance Verification Experiment Method.
The method of claim 1,
In operation S200,
Nine rain gauges 21b are installed in the unit plot 21 constituting the outflow plot 200,
Using the rainfall simulator 100 to which the nozzle 11 set in the step S100 is applied to simulate the rainfall per unit plot 21 for 25 to 35 minutes,
LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification test method characterized in that if the simulation is performed, the rainfall system (21b) is moved to each other unit plot (21 ') in the same arrangement and performing the spatial distribution verification step.
The method of claim 1,
In operation S300,
After the rainfall is simulated in the unit plot 21 for 5 to 15 minutes using the rainfall simulator 100 to which the nozzle 11 set in step S100 is applied,
The simulated rainfall is collected in the sump tank 22 of the outflow plot 200,
LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification experiment method, characterized in that the amount of rainfall (mm) converted into the amount of rainfall (mm) per unit area to quantify the rainfall according to the inflow.
The method of claim 1,
The S400 step,
After forming the base layer serving as the base of the sidewalk block pavement inside the sample frame 300,
Construct the blocks on the upper side of the substrate using the target sample and the comparative sample, respectively,
The sample frame 300,
A box-shaped frame with an open top, a wall surface 31 made of acrylic plate is formed on the front and side, and a wall surface 32 made of stainless steel is formed on the rear side.
A reinforcing support 33 for withstanding earth pressure according to the load of the sample is padded on the walls 31 and 32,
LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification experiment method, characterized in that the acrylic frame wall 34 is installed on the lower end of the sample frame 300 is configured as described above.
The method of claim 1,
The S500 step
The sample frame 300 constructed through the steps S100 ~ S400 is seated on the unit plot 21 of the outflow plot 200,
After setting the experimental conditions including the rainfall intensity or the slope of the sample to be tested,
LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification experiment method, characterized in that the experiment to test the water circulation efficiency performance for each sample by spraying the rainfall to the outlet plot 200 using the rainfall simulator (100).
The method of claim 1,
The step S600,
The water level change in the water collection tank 22 is measured at an interval of 1 to 5 minutes using the automatic water level measuring instrument 22a installed in the water collection tank 22 of the outflow plot 200,
After transferring the measured data to the PC through the data logger,
LID element technology water circulation efficiency verification experiment method characterized in that the analysis based on the LID verification device analysis program.

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