CN104726817B - Directional ultrahigh-velocity spraying method and device based on laser induced shock wave technology - Google Patents
Directional ultrahigh-velocity spraying method and device based on laser induced shock wave technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a directional ultrahigh-velocity spraying method and device based on a laser induced shock wave technology, belonging to the technical field of part processing and remanufacturing. According to the spraying method, a high-temperature electric arc generated by an electrode is firstly used for heating and melting spray wires of a coating material to form molten drops and the molten drops fall off and are atomized into a microdrop stream; then a laser pulse beam is used for irradiating the surface of the microdrop stream; a part of microdrops on the surface absorb laser energy and are instantly gasified and ionized into high-pressure plasma; the high-pressure plasma further absorbs laser energy and expands and blows up to form high-pressure shock waves at GPa grade; the high-pressure shock waves drive the corpuscular stream to jet onto the surface of a workpiece at a high velocity to form a coating. The spraying device comprises a laser generator, a beam guiding and splitting system, an electric arc liquid making system, a workpiece clamp system, a recycling system and a control system. The spraying device can be used for realizing high-velocity high-efficiency spraying; the combination strength of the coating and a substrate is good; the coating has high density and low void content and also has relatively high thermal fatigue resistance and mechanical fatigue resistance.
Description
Technical field：
A kind of the present invention relates to part processing re-manufacturing technology field, more particularly to shock wave boosting of utilization induced with laser
Microgranule hits workpiece at a high speed, forms the method and device of coating on its surface, is particularly well-suited to the high speed spray of orientation, long range
Apply.
Background technology：
With the development of science and technology, there has been proposed many methods for promoting object to advance, such as laser threat warner, electromagnetic field
Propulsion, nuclear reaction propulsion etc..Wherein laser threat warner mode is better than alternate manner in many performance indications, and technically again
It is easier to realize.Laser threat warner has both of which：A kind of is " air breathing mode "；Another is " Investigation of Ablation Mode ".Greatly
Gas breathing pattern refers to that the air that laser pulse Jing optical systems puncture in air produces plasma blast air mass, before promoting object
Enter.Investigation of Ablation Mode refers to laser ablation material surface and produces high pressure plasma for motive force, promotion object advance.Such as 1997
Year, NASA and USAF have carried out laser threat warner rocket flight Collaborative experiment in the desert of New Mexico.Its
The High Temperature High Pressure high-density plasma of transient state is produced using the laser irradiation propellant of high intensity, plasma expands rapidly,
Rocket model is promoted to rise 20 meters.Chinese patent CN102513696A proposes to utilize laser irradiation on film flying surface, film flying quilt
Laser ablation and produce GPa magnitude shock waves, and high-pressure shocking wave drives remaining film flying to hit elastic mantle, and elastic soft mode is by shape
Inotropic action makes target workpiece that plastic deformation to occur on target workpiece.At present, pulse laser irradiation is induced in material surface
High-pressure shocking wave is widely used in materials processing, such as directly material is impacted using laser-driven shock wave
Loading, realizes piece surface reinforcing and sheet moulding etc..
The spraying technology that the particle of melting is coated on matrix surface is driven to obtain certain application, such as flame spray with external force
Painting, supersonic spray coating etc..It can manufacture a special new working surface in piece surface, the composition of its coating layer material
Can be entirely different with parent, mechanical performance is better than parent, to realize to the pre- protection of part, so as to extend its service life, fills
The economic benefit of engineering goods is waved in distribution.Existing result of study and engineering practice show, coating quality and spraying coating process, spraying
The factors such as powder size, spray distance are relevant, and especially spraying substance particle sprays to the performance shadow of the speed to coating of matrix
Ring maximum.The speed that particle sprays to surface of the work is bigger, stronger to the effect of impact of matrix, and particle deformation is more abundant, so as to
Increase coating and the bond strength of matrix, reduce coating porosity.The flight speed of particle is higher simultaneously, and the residual pressure of coating should
Power is bigger, and this is directly proportional to the flight speed of sprayed particle due to the compressive strain of matrix surface.
The detonation flame spraying of particle is driven to have started to be applied with shock wave, it is that the heat energy discharged with instant of detonation will
Sprayed on material heating melting, and deposit it into the process that surface of the work forms coating.Used during conventional detonation flame spraying
Gas pressure be respectively：O2：0.1-0.2MPa, C2H2：0.05-0.1MPa, N2:0.02-0.06MPa, these admixture of gas
Resulting detonation pressure force value is in the range of the MPa of several MPa to tens.With the spraying technology phase such as flame-spraying, plasma spraying
Than the jet velocity of particle has been greatly improved, and can reach 760-1200m/s, therefore coating quality has larger
Improvement：, coating consistency higher with the bond strength of matrix is high, voidage is relatively low.The technology has started to be applied to aviation boat
The field such as it and nuclear industry.But the parameter that the technology has blast is difficult to control to, poor stability, noise is big to wait not enough, needs
Carry out in special soundproof room, and due to intermittent operation, cause spray efficiency low.
The content of the invention：
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method and device for orienting ultrahigh velocity spraying based on laser shock wave technology.This
The there is provided one kind of invention is comprised the following steps that based on laser shock wave technology orientation ultrahigh velocity spraying method：
(1) first with the high-temperature electric arc heating fusing produced between the electrode 27 of setting symmetrical above and below as sprayed on material
26 one-tenth molten drops of Spray Wire come off, the molten drop for coming off is atomized gas atomization into droplet stream 30, and the atomization gas promote
Under, arc region is left in 30 low-speed operations of the droplet stream.
(2) by laser generator 1 send pulsewidth for ns magnitudes, pulse energy be 2-100J, power density be GW/
cm2The laser pulse beam 2 of magnitude, it is complete that 2 Jing of the laser pulse beam leaded lights beam splitting system is divided into four bundles light feature
Identical shunt excitation light pulse beam：First shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and
4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11, the first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10
And the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11 simultaneously irradiation on 30 surface of the droplet stream, the Outboard Sections of the droplet stream 30 absorb
Laser energy, transient evaporation and ionization, form high pressure plasma 29, and the high pressure plasma 29 continues to absorb laser energy
Expansion blast forms the high-pressure shocking wave of GPa magnitudes, the first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam the 9, the 3rd
Shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11 at an angle, are produced on 30 surface of droplet stream with horizontal axis
The pressure field of shock wave is overlapped mutually, and makes the pressure along horizontal axis direction maximum；The high-pressure shocking wave is by the microdroplet
Stream 30 is atomized into more tiny microgranule stream again, makes the microgranule stream be ejected into 32 table of workpiece in the form of near linear at a high speed
Face, 32 surface solidification of the workpiece, accumulation and form the coating 31 of high-compactness and high bond strength.
(3) when the coating layer thickness of spraying is thicker, enforcement need to be repeated in a certain position and is repeatedly sprayed, until thickness meets wanting
Till asking；When repeatedly spraying, instruction is sent again by computer 37, the laser generator 1 is controlled by controller 38 and is sent
The time interval of the pulse number and adjacent pulse of laser pulse beam 2, the pulse number of the laser pulse beam 2 are determined
The number of times of spraying, adjacent 2 time interval of laser pulse beam were determined by the time that the Spray Wire 26 forms metal drop.
(4) when workpiece 32 needs large area spraying and part in irregular shape is sprayed, by five axle workbench 34
Under, move left and right and rotate, change the position of the workpiece 32, sprayed on new position, it is progressive complete large area and
Spraying to special shape, till 32 surface of the workpiece reaches requirement.
(5) after spraying is finished, first close power supply 21 and stopping is passed through atomization gas, after the workpiece 32 is cooled down, then beat
Workpiece is taken out by the active window for opening jet chamber 28.
Spraying while, the first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 with
And the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11 fraction of laser light pulsed beams irradiation on 31 base of coating for having deposited, and the gasification of its surface,
Ionization produces high-pressure shocking wave, makes the 31 base skin-material of coating for having deposited that plastic deformation to occur at short notice, and induces product
Raw high-amplitude residual compressive stress field, realizes spraying, while impact suppress, the coating 31 for obtaining not only and workpiece 32 combination
Intensity is good, porosity is low, and is all dispersed with residual compressive stress on whole thickness direction, so as to increase substantially coating 31
Anti-fatigue ability.
A kind of laser shock wave technology orientation ultrahigh velocity spraying device that is based on provided by the present invention includes laser generator
1st, guide-lighting beam splitting system, arc system liquid system, workpiece clamp system, recovery system and control system.
The guide-lighting beam splitting system include the first spectroscope 3, the second spectroscope 4, the 3rd spectroscope 5, the first total reflective mirror 6,
Second total reflective mirror 7, the 3rd total reflective mirror 12, the 4th total reflective mirror 13, the 5th total reflective mirror 14, the 6th total reflective mirror 15, the first condenser lenses
16th, the second condenser lenses 17, tertiary focusing lens 18, the 4th condenser lenses 19；The laser pulse beam 2 is through described first
Spectroscope 3, the second spectroscope 4, the 3rd spectroscope 5 and first total reflective mirror 6, the second total reflective mirror 7, the 3rd total reflective mirror 12,
It is divided into the identical first shunt excitation light arteries and veins of four beams after 4th total reflective mirror 13, the 5th total reflective mirror 14, the 6th total reflective mirror 15
Rush beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11, first shunt excitation
The energy of light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11 point
The a quarter of the laser pulse beam 2 that Wei be not incident, the first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam
9th, the other parameters of the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11 and 2 complete phase of the laser pulse beam
Together；3rd total reflective mirror 12 and the 6th total reflective mirror 15 respectively positioned at space both sides up and down, the 4th total reflective mirror 13 with
And the 5th total reflective mirror 14 respectively positioned at both sides before and after space, first spectroscope 3, the second spectroscope 4, the 3rd spectroscope 5
Adjustable angle；The first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8 and the 3rd total reflective mirror 12 described in the difference Jing of the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11
And the 6th after total reflective mirror 15, occur respectively obliquely and upward deflect, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light
After pulsed beams 10 distinguish the 4th total reflective mirror 13 and the 5th total reflective mirror 14 described in, occur diagonally forward and to post deflection respectively；Institute
State the 3rd total reflective mirror 12, the 4th total reflective mirror 13, the 5th total reflective mirror 14, the 6th total reflective mirror 15 position it is adjustable, it is possible to by changing
Become its inclined angle to adjust the first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam
10 and the 4th angle for deflecting of shunt excitation light pulse beam 11, to ensure the first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light
First condenser lenses 16, second described in pulsed beams 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11 difference Jing
Condenser lenses 17, tertiary focusing lens 18, the 4th condenser lenses 19 can be focused in the droplet stream of spraying area simultaneously；Described first
Shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11 are passed through
With horizontal axis in 5 ° -15 ° after 3rd total reflective mirror 12, the 4th total reflective mirror 13, the 5th total reflective mirror 14, the 6th total reflective mirror 15
Angle.The first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light arteries and veins
Rushing beam 11 induces four pressure fields of generation laser blast wave, generation to be overlapped mutually on droplet stream surface respectively, makes along level
The pressure of axis direction is maximum, promotes microgranule stream 30 outwards to spray near linear mode.
The arc system liquid system include air inlet pipe 20, power supply 21, motor 22, decelerator 23, roller 24, wire tray 25,
Spray Wire 26 and electrode 27；The motor 22 controlled positioned at upper and lower both sides respectively using controller 38 drives decelerator 23 and rolling
Wheel 24 is rotated, by the feeding electrode 27 of 26 continuous uniform of Spray Wire；A diameter of 0.8-2mm of the Spray Wire 26, the spray
Silk 26 is applied in the wire tray 25 of setting symmetrical above and below, the Spray Wire 26 is synchronously worn under the promotion of the roller 24
Cross the electrode 27；The electrode 27 is electrically connected with power supply 21 by wire, the angle of the electrode 27 be maintained at 30 ° -60 ° it
Between, the electric arc running voltage of electrode 27 is 15-25V, and electric arc operating current is 100-300A；The air inlet pipe 20 is placed on described
In the middle of electrode 27 and against spraying area, the pressure of the atomization gas is 0.05-0.1MPa.
The workpiece clamp system includes jet chamber 28, workpiece 32, fixture 33, five axle workbench 34；The workpiece 32 is solid
Be scheduled on the fixture 33, the fixture 33 is fixed on the five axles workbench 34, the five axles workbench 34 can up and down,
Move left and right and rotate, the five axles workbench 34 is placed on the inside of jet chamber 28, the jet chamber 28 carries active window.
The recovery system includes jet chamber 28, withdrawer 35, accumulator tank 36；The withdrawer 35 is arranged on the injection
The right side of room 28, for reclaiming some particles or metal fumes for being free in the jet chamber 28, it is to avoid pollution environment, described
Accumulator tank 36 is placed on the bottom of the jet chamber 28, for reclaim in spraying process due to size is larger and flight speed compared with
The low particle fallen under its own action of gravity.
The control system includes computer 37 and controller 38, and control information passes to institute by the input of the computer 37
Controller 38 is stated, the controller 38 connects the work of the laser generator 1, motor 22 and five axles respectively by data wire
Platform 34, for controlling the parameter and umber of pulse of the laser pulse beam 2 that laser generator 1 sends, controls the rotating speed of motor 22
To control the speed of wire feed, the movement of five axle workbench 34 and the position of rotation and workpiece 32 is controlled.
The present invention using pulsewidth be ns magnitudes, pulse energy be 2-100J, power density be GW/cm2Magnitude it is strong
On the molten drop for having flown, the gasification, ionization using which with molten drop surface trace substance produces pressure and is the direct irradiation of laser beam
The high-pressure shocking wave of GPa magnitudes is used as the driving force for driving coated substance.
According to Newton's second law, F=ma, m are mass particle, and acceleration of a for particle, the speed of particle can use following formula
Represent：
In formula, CdrgFor co-moving coordinate；ρgFor the density of air-flow；VgFor the speed of high pressure plasma volume expansion；ρdFor to be painted
Apply the density of particle；VdFor particle rapidity；Diameters of the d for particle.
From above formula, particle diameter is less, and particle rapidity is bigger, and the speed of particle additionally depends on high pressure plasma
Relative velocity between body and particle, when the speed of high pressure plasma volume expansion is more than particle rapidity, rises to particle and accelerates to make
With conversely, playing decelerating effect to particle.The maximum gauge of the particle after being atomized by aerodynamicss is：
σ surface tension in formula, CdrgFor co-moving coordinate, ρgFor the density of air-flow, VgFor the speed of expansion of high pressure plasma.
Hypothesis atomization gas are nitrogen, and its density is 1.25 × 10-3g/cm3, material to be sprayed is aluminum, its surface tension
For 37-45dyn/cm, co-moving coordinate is 0.01.The speed of high pressure plasma volume expansion is 5000-6000m/s, it is possible thereby to estimate
Calculating the particle diameter of atomized aluminum under the effect of Single Impact ripple is：0.3-0.5μm.
As the high pressure plasma pressure of induced with laser is up to GPa magnitudes, 2-3 numbers are higher by than the pressure of detonation flame spraying
Magnitude, and four beam shunt excitation light pulse Shu Junyu horizontal axis of spatial distribution at an angle irradiation on microparticle surfaces, produce
Multiple pressure fields be overlapped mutually, make the shock wave pressure along horizontal axis direction maximum, it is possible thereby to estimate GPa magnitudes
Shock wave directional push particle flight maximum speed up to 4000m/s.
The present invention has following technical characterstic：
(1) pressure superelevation when spraying, the particle spraying speed of coating material are ultrafast.The present invention adopts pulsewidth and measures for ns
Level, the energy of pulse are 2-100J, power density is GW/cm2The droplet stream phase interaction of the light laser of magnitude and low-speed operations
With the high-pressure shocking wave for forming GPa magnitudes, it is higher by the 2-3 order of magnitude than the pressure of detonation flame spraying.And due to multiple impacts
The superposition of the pressure field of ripple, the pressure of synthesis are very high, make the speed of microgranule may be up to 4000m/s.
(2) higher-quality coating can be obtained.Due to pressure superelevation during spraying, the flight speed of particle is ultrafast, right
The effect of impact of matrix is stronger, and the deformation of particle is more abundant, it is thus possible to form bond strength and consistency is high, porosity
Low high-quality coating.While large area spraying is carried out, a part of shunt excitation light pulse beam enters to the coating base for having deposited
Row impact compacting, reduce further porosity, improves consistency and cohesive strength, and can also be in the thickness in whole coating
Degree side is upwardly formed high-amplitude residual compressive stress, is no longer limited only to the top layer of coating, so as to further improve the quality of coating,
Improve coating anti-fatigue performance.
(3) direction for spraying can be controlled, remote spraying is realized.Laser is sent out by the present invention using guide-lighting beam splitting system
A branch of laser pulse beam that raw device is produced is divided into four beam shunt excitation light pulse beams, per beam shunt excitation light pulse Shu Junyu horizontal axis is in
Certain angle irradiation result in each pulse beam induction shock wave pressure field on microgranule stream, so and are overlapped mutually so that
Upward pressure maximum along horizontal axis side, promoted the outside injection of the near linear of microgranule stream orientation, it is to avoid single arteries and veins
The pressure of laser beam induction dissipates to surrounding and causes particle to all directions jet phenomenon, so as to energy efficient, improves
Spraying work efficiency.
(4) sprayed on material particle refinement is realized in two steps, selects excellent using the self gravitation of microgranule, make coating structure more
Uniformly.Initially with low pressure air-flow as atomization gas, the diameter of preliminary refinement microdroplet.The reduction of atomization pressure, greatly
The requirement to pneumatic equipment is reduced greatly, makes equipment become simple.The acceleration of the shock wave of microdroplet Jing induced with laser is processed, and is become
Less microgranule, after processing twice, the diameter of particle can reach 0.3-0.5 μm, even more little.In atomization process, some are not
The microdroplet be fully atomized, being relatively large in diameter, under its action of gravity, can be fallen in accumulator tank, it is ensured that spray on surface automatically
Particle diameter is less, speed, make coating structure more uniform.
(5) processing flexibility is big, efficiency high.Laser pulse beam is easy to focus on and molding, changes light spot shape, big as needed
It is little, so as to realize to wide area surface, little space and erose spraying, such as steel construction, blind bore end, deep trouth bottom with
And impeller etc..And the time of single spin is only tens ns, completes once to spray equivalent to thousand a ten thousandth seconds, spray efficiency
It is high.
(6) low cost, clean environment firendly.Arc system liquid technology is convenient and swift, and energy utilization rate is high, and cost is relatively low.Swash
Light processing is originally a kind of processing technique of green non-pollution, and is provided with withdrawer in spraying process and reclaims slot device,
Such that it is able to avoid spraying particle from entering atmospheric pollution environment, green cleaning manufacture is realized.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representation；
Hole site distribution schematic diagrams of the Fig. 2 for apparatus of the present invention.
In figure：1：Laser generator；2：Laser pulse beam；3：First spectroscope；4：Second spectroscope；5：3rd light splitting
Mirror；6：First total reflective mirror；7：Second total reflective mirror；8：First shunt excitation light pulse beam；9：Second shunt excitation light pulse beam；10：3rd point
Laser pulse beam；11：4th shunt excitation light pulse beam；12：3rd total reflective mirror；13：4th total reflective mirror；14：5th total reflective mirror；15：
6th total reflective mirror；16：First condenser lenses；17：Second condenser lenses；18：Tertiary focusing lens；19：4th condenser lenses；
20：Air inlet pipe；21：Power supply；22：Motor；23：Decelerator；24：Roller；25：Wire tray；26：Spray Wire；27：Electrode；28：Spray
Penetrate room；29：High pressure plasma；30：Droplet stream；31：Coating；32：Workpiece；33：Fixture；34：Five axle workbench；35：Reclaim
Device；36：Accumulator tank；37：Computer；38：Controller.
Specific embodiment：
A kind of laser shock wave technology orientation ultrahigh velocity spraying device that is based on provided by the present invention includes laser generator
1st, guide-lighting beam splitting system, arc system liquid system, workpiece clamp system, recovery system, control system.Wherein guide-lighting beam splitting system bag
Include incident laser pulse beam 2, the first spectroscope 3, the second spectroscope 4, the 3rd spectroscope 5, the first total reflective mirror 6, second complete
Anti- mirror 7, the 3rd total reflective mirror 12, the 4th total reflective mirror 13, the 5th total reflective mirror 14, the 6th total reflective mirror 15, the first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8,
Second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10, the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11, the first condenser lenses 16, second gather
Focus lens 17, tertiary focusing lens 18, the 4th condenser lenses 19；Arc system liquid system includes air inlet pipe 20, power supply 21, motor
22nd, decelerator 23, roller 24, wire tray 25, Spray Wire 26, electrode 27；Workpiece clamp system includes jet chamber 28, workpiece 32, folder
33, five axle workbench 34 of tool；Recovery system includes jet chamber 28, withdrawer 35, accumulator tank 36；Control system includes computer 37
With controller 38.
A kind of laser shock wave technology orientation ultrahigh velocity spraying method that is based on provided by the present invention is comprised the following steps that：
1st, 21 are switched on power first, air inlet pipe 20 is passed through atomization gas to jet chamber 28.Then computer 37 sends instruction,
Motor 22 is controlled by controller 38, motor 22 drives decelerator 23 and roller 24 continuously, equably to send Spray Wire 26
Enter in electrode 27, when Spray Wire 26 is sent to the moment of 27 ends contact of electrode, is short-circuited and produces high-temperature electric arc.High-temperature electric
Arc heating fusing 26 one-tenth molten drops of Spray Wire, come off under its action of gravity from Spray Wire 26, and the molten drop for coming off is in atomization gas
Droplet stream 30 is atomized under effect, and arc area is left in low-speed operations.
2nd, laser generator 1 receives instruction, sends laser pulse beam 2, and the beam mode of laser pulse beam 2 can be
The various patterns such as basic mode, multimode, its pulsewidth is ns magnitudes, the energy of pulse is 2-100J, and power density is GW/cm2Magnitude,
Which is adjusted and is controlled by controller 38.The laser pulse beam 2 sent by laser generator 1 is respectively through three spectroscopes：The
One spectroscope 3, the second spectroscope 4, the 3rd spectroscope 5 and six total reflective mirrors：First total reflective mirror 6, the second total reflective mirror the 7, the 3rd
The shunt excitation light pulse of four beam spatial distributions is obtained after total reflective mirror 12, the 4th total reflective mirror 13, the 5th total reflective mirror 14, the 6th total reflective mirror 15
Beam：First shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam
11, the first shunt excitation light pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam
11 energy is respectively a quarter of laser pulse beam 2, and other parameters are identical with laser pulse beam 2.First point
The transmission of laser pulse beam 8, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam 9, the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam 10 and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam 11
Distance is all-trans with the first spectroscope 3, the second spectroscope 4, the 3rd spectroscope 5 and the first total reflective mirror 6, the second total reflective mirror the 7, the 3rd
Mirror 12, the 4th total reflective mirror 13, the 5th total reflective mirror 14,15 inclined angle of the 6th total reflective mirror are adjusted, it is ensured that four beam shunt excitation light
Pulsed beams energy synchronizing focus are in spraying area.Four beam shunt excitation light pulse beams difference Jing the first condenser lenses 16, the second condenser lenses 17,
Tertiary focusing lens 18,19 irradiation of the 4th condenser lenses in the droplet stream 30 being atomized, the material absorbing on 30 surface of droplet stream
Laser energy transient evaporation, ionization, form high pressure plasma 29, and high pressure plasma 29 continues to absorb laser energy, high pressure
Plasma 29 expands the high-pressure shocking wave that blast forms GPa magnitudes.Due to four beam shunt excitation light arteries and veins of the spatial distribution
Rush Shu Junyu horizontal axis at an angle, and while focus in the droplet stream 30 of spraying area, therefore on 30 surface of droplet stream
Four pressure fields for producing are overlapped mutually, and make the pressure along horizontal axis direction maximum, promote droplet stream 30 near linear
Mode is outwards sprayed.High-pressure shocking wave during promoting droplet stream to move makes the size step refining of microdroplet diminish, becomes
Microgranule stream.Microgranule with very high 32 surface of movement velocity directive workpiece, its surface solidification, accumulation and form high-compactness, height
The coating 31 of bond strength.
3rd, when 31 thickness of coating of the spraying needed for workpiece 32 is thicker, can repeatedly be sprayed in a certain position
Apply, till thickness meets requirement.Computer 37 sends instruction again, controls laser generator 1 by controller 38 and sends
The time interval of the number of laser pulse beam 2 and adjacent pulse.The umber of pulse of laser pulse beam 2 determines the secondary of spraying
Number.Adjacent 2 time interval of laser pulse beam was determined by the time that Spray Wire 26 forms metal drop.High pressure punching is induced again
Hit ripple boosting microgranule to be ejected on the coating base for having deposited, till thickness meets requirement.
4th, when workpiece 32 needs large area spraying and part in irregular shape is sprayed, by five axle workbench 34
Under, move left and right and rotate, change workpiece 32 position, sprayed on new position, it is progressive to complete large area and to special
The spraying of shape, till 32 surface of workpiece reaches requirement.
5th, after spraying is finished, first close power supply 21 and stopping is passed through atomization gas, after workpiece 32 is cooled down, then open injection
Workpiece is taken out by the active window of 28 front end of room.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of that ultrahigh velocity spraying method is oriented based on laser shock wave technology, it is characterised in that the method is comprised the following steps that：
(1) the high-temperature electric arc heating fusing produced between electrode (27) first with setting symmetrical above and below is used as sprayed on material
Spray Wire (26) comes off into molten drop, and the molten drop for coming off is atomized gas atomization into droplet stream (30), and pushes away in the atomization gas
Under dynamic, arc region is left in droplet stream (30) low-speed operations；
(2) by laser generator (1) send pulsewidth for ns magnitudes, pulse energy be 2-100J, power density be GW/cm2Amount
The laser pulse beam (2) of level, laser pulse beam (2) Jing leaded light beam splitting systems are divided into the complete phase of four bundles light feature
Same shunt excitation light pulse beam：First shunt excitation light pulse beam (8), the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9), the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam (10)
And the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam (11), the first shunt excitation light pulse beam (8), the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9), the 3rd shunt excitation
Light pulse beam (10) and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam (11) while irradiation is on the droplet stream (30) surface, the droplet stream
(30) Outboard Sections absorb laser energy, transient evaporation and ionization, form high pressure plasma (29), the high pressure plasma
Body (29) continues to absorb the high-pressure shocking wave that laser energy expansion blast forms GPa magnitudes, the first shunt excitation light pulse beam
(8), the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9), the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam (10) and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam (11) be and level
At an angle, the pressure field for producing shock wave on the droplet stream (30) surface is overlapped mutually axis, makes along horizontal axis
The shock wave pressure in direction is maximum；The droplet stream (30) is atomized into more tiny microgranule by the high-pressure shocking wave again
Stream, makes the microgranule stream be ejected into workpiece (32) surface at a high speed, the workpiece (32) surface solidification, accumulation and form high densification
The coating (31) of degree and high bond strength；
(3) when the coating layer thickness of spraying is thicker, need to repeat to implement repeatedly to spray in a certain position, until thickness meets requirement and is
Only；When repeatedly spraying, instruction is sent again by computer (37), described laser generator (1) is controlled by controller (38) and is sent out
Go out the time interval of the pulse number and adjacent pulse of laser pulse beam (2), the pulse number of laser pulse beam (2)
The number of times of spraying is determined, adjacent laser pulse beam (2) time interval forms metal drop by the Spray Wire (26)
Time determines；
(4) when the workpiece (32) needs large area spraying and part in irregular shape is sprayed, by five axle workbench
(34) up and down, move left and right and rotate, change the position of workpiece (32), sprayed on new position, it is progressive to complete
Large area and the spraying to special shape, till the workpiece (32) surface reaches requirement；
(5) after spraying is finished, first close power supply (21) and stopping is passed through atomization gas, after the workpiece (32) cooling, then beat
Workpiece is taken out by the active window for opening jet chamber (28).
2. a kind of device for realizing spraying method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the device include laser generator (1),
Guide-lighting beam splitting system, arc system liquid system, workpiece clamp system, recovery system and control system；The guide-lighting beam splitting system
Including the first spectroscope (3), the second spectroscope (4), the 3rd spectroscope (5), the first total reflective mirror (6), the second total reflective mirror (7),
Three total reflective mirrors (12), the 4th total reflective mirror (13), the 5th total reflective mirror (14), the 6th total reflective mirror (15), the first condenser lenses (16),
Two condenser lenses (17), tertiary focusing lens (18), the 4th condenser lenses (19)；Laser pulse beam (2) are through described
First spectroscope (3), the second spectroscope (4), the 3rd spectroscope (5) and first total reflective mirror (6), the second total reflective mirror (7),
It is divided into the complete phase of four beams after 3rd total reflective mirror (12), the 4th total reflective mirror (13), the 5th total reflective mirror (14), the 6th total reflective mirror (15)
The first shunt excitation light pulse beam (8) together, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9), the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam (10) and the 4th
Shunt excitation light pulse beam (11), the first shunt excitation light pulse beam (8), the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9), the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam
(10) and the energy of the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam (11) is respectively a quarter of incident laser pulse beam (2),
The first shunt excitation light pulse beam (8), the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9), the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam (10) and the 4th shunt excitation
The other parameters of light pulse beam (11) are identical with laser pulse beam (2)；3rd total reflective mirror (12) and
Six total reflective mirrors (15) are respectively positioned at the both sides up and down in space, the 4th total reflective mirror (13) and the 5th total reflective mirror (14) point
Not Wei Yu space before and after both sides, the first spectroscope (3), the second spectroscope (4), the adjustable angle of the 3rd spectroscope (5)；
The first shunt excitation light pulse beam (8) and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam (11) the 3rd total reflective mirror (12) described in Jing and the respectively
After six total reflective mirrors (15), occur respectively obliquely and upward deflect, the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9), the 3rd shunt excitation light arteries and veins
Beam (10) is rushed respectively after the 4th total reflective mirror (13) and the 5th total reflective mirror (14) described in, is occurred diagonally forward and to retrodeviating respectively
Turn；3rd total reflective mirror (12), the 4th total reflective mirror (13), the 5th total reflective mirror (14), the 6th total reflective mirror (15) position it is adjustable,
And can be adjusted by changing its inclined angle the first shunt excitation light pulse beam (8), the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9),
The angle that 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam (10) and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam (11) deflect, to ensure first shunt excitation
Light pulse beam (8), the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9), the 3rd shunt excitation light pulse beam (10) and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam (11)
First condenser lenses (16), the second condenser lenses (17), tertiary focusing lens (18), the 4th condenser lenses (19) described in difference Jing
Can focus on simultaneously in the droplet stream of spraying area；The first shunt excitation light pulse beam (8), the second shunt excitation light pulse beam (9), the 3rd
Shunt excitation light pulse beam (10) and the 4th shunt excitation light pulse beam (11) are through the 3rd total reflective mirror (12), the 4th total reflective mirror
(13), the 5th total reflective mirror (14), the 6th total reflective mirror (15) are afterwards with horizontal axis in 5 ° of -15 ° of angles；The arc system liquid system bag
Include air inlet pipe (20), power supply (21), motor (22), decelerator (23), roller (24), wire tray (25), Spray Wire (26) and
Electrode (27), the motor (22) controlled positioned at upper and lower both sides respectively using controller (38) drive decelerator (23)
And roller (24) is rotated, by the feeding electrode (27) of the Spray Wire (26) continuous uniform；Spray Wire (26)
A diameter of 0.8-2mm, Spray Wire (26) in the wire tray (25) of setting symmetrical above and below, the Spray Wire
(26) electrode (27) is synchronously passed through under the promotion of the roller (24), described electrode (27) are by wire and power supply (21)
Electrical connection, the angle of electrode (27) are maintained between 30 ° -60 °, and the electric arc running voltage of electrode (27) is 15-
25V, electric arc operating current are 100-300A, and air inlet pipe (20) are placed in the middle of the electrode (27) and against spraying area,
The pressure of the atomization gas is 0.05-0.1MPa；The workpiece clamp system includes jet chamber (28), workpiece (32), fixture
(33), five axle workbench (34), workpiece (32) are fixed on the fixture (33), and fixture (33) are fixed on described five
On axle workbench (34), five axles workbench (34) can up and down, move left and right and rotate, five axles workbench (34) put
The inside in jet chamber (28) is put, described jet chamber (28) carry active window；The recovery system includes jet chamber (28), returns
Device (35), accumulator tank (36) is received, and described withdrawer (35) are arranged on the right side of the jet chamber (28), institute are free in for reclaiming
State some particles or metal fumes in jet chamber (28), it is to avoid pollution environment, accumulator tank (36) are placed on the injection
The bottom of room (28), for reclaiming in spraying process as size is larger and flight speed is relatively low under its own action of gravity
And the particle for falling；The control system includes computer (37) and controller (38), and control information is by the computer (37)
Input passes to the controller (38), and described controller (38) connect the laser generator (1), electricity respectively by data wire
Motivation (22) and five axle workbench (34).
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| CN201510093120.5A CN104726817B (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2015-03-02 | Directional ultrahigh-velocity spraying method and device based on laser induced shock wave technology |
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| CN106756721B (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2018-12-07 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of method and device based on laser processing technology prepares coating |
| CN107570714A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2018-01-12 | 张家港创博金属科技有限公司 | Metal powder preparation method and device based on thermal spraying |
| CN110877003B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2023-06-23 | 安徽工业大学 | Hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on double-pulse strong laser technology |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5571575A (en) * | 1993-12-07 | 1996-11-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser shock method utilizing light absorbing material |
| CN102212818A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-10-12 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for inducing nanocrystallization of metal surface through shock wave-accelerated nano particles |
| CN104099555A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 常州大学 | Seawater corrosion preventing device and method of steel laser thermal-sprayed aluminum coating layer for ocean platform |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008075130A (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-04-03 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Arc spraying method and thermal spraying device used therefor |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5571575A (en) * | 1993-12-07 | 1996-11-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser shock method utilizing light absorbing material |
| CN102212818A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-10-12 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for inducing nanocrystallization of metal surface through shock wave-accelerated nano particles |
| CN104099555A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 常州大学 | Seawater corrosion preventing device and method of steel laser thermal-sprayed aluminum coating layer for ocean platform |
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