CN101537534B - Superimposing method of circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks - Google Patents

Superimposing method of circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101537534B
CN101537534B CN 200910022101 CN200910022101A CN101537534B CN 101537534 B CN101537534 B CN 101537534B CN 200910022101 CN200910022101 CN 200910022101 CN 200910022101 A CN200910022101 A CN 200910022101A CN 101537534 B CN101537534 B CN 101537534B
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impact
shock
protective layer
laser
superposition
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CN 200910022101
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CN101537534A (en
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何艳磊
李国杰
李应红
毋乃靓
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Xi'an Ruida photoelectric technology Limited by Share Ltd
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XI'AN TYRIDE OPTICAL ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a superimposing method of circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks, a double-sided impact laser strengthening system is used, an absorption protective layer of a shock piece is made of a non-transparent adhesive tape with colloid on one side or a metallic film, and water is adopted as a restraint layer of the shock piece; the superimposing rate of a shock light spot diameter is determined to be x%, the light spot diameter is D, and four shocks are performed; and the centers of adjacent light spots in each shock are at intervals of 2D(1-X%), the null points of two adjacent shocks are at intervals of D*(1-X%), and whether films need pasting again in each shock is determined according to the characteristics of the used protective layer material. The method avoids damage to the shock piece surface due to film fracture, and achieves the shock effect of light spot superimposition.

Description

The method of circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks superposition
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of laser processing, especially a kind of method of circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks superposition is applicable to the laser impact intensified processing much larger than the laser focal beam spot of the part on small curve surface and shock zone.
Background technology
Laser impact intensified Laser Shock Processing writes a Chinese character in simplified form LSP, is called laser peening again, is to utilize high power density GW/cm 2Magnitude, short pulse ns magnitude focus on intense laser beam and impact the laser absorption diaphragm that covers the metal surface, and temperature raise rapidly after it absorbed laser energy, and high amplitude shock wave is brought out in generating gasification, ionization, blast, and promptly luminous energy changes shock wave mechanical energy into; Shock wave pressure up to number GPa makes material surface generation Under High Strain rate micro-plastic deformation, forms the residual compressive stress layer, thereby has improved the mechanical performance of metal material effectively, can increase substantially fatigue life, the anti-stress corrosion performance of material especially.
Laser impact intensified equipment mainly comprises several parts: high-average power ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser device, robot for controlling movement, water constraint filter-press device, integrated control system.Integrated control system is connected to laser instrument, robot for controlling movement, water constraint layer control interface on the control industrial computer by fieldbus (CAN), under same control platform,, make its work that cooperatively interacts according to the collaborative automatically sending controling instruction of workpiece processing request, each several part interface data standard.
Laser impact intensified common employing adhesive tape or paint are as laser impact intensified absorption protective layer at present, and water is as restraint layer.The impulse member surface is sticked adhesive tape or is coated with and is covered with uniform paint, form uniform certain thickness water curtain by flow velocity and the flow of regulating water on the impulse member surface, the pulse of superpower laser impact part surface-emitting laser, absorbed layer absorbs laser energy and produces the blast of HTHP plasma, induce the high pressure plasma shock wave, act on the metal surface and to internal communication.Form the residual compressive stress that the degree of depth reaches 1~2mm on the impulse member surface.
Laser impact intensified is a kind of novel surface treatment technology that can significantly promote the fatigue of materials performance, is used for the exigent aviation component of fatigue strength at present more.Because the aerospace parts manufacturing process more complicated of shock treatment, the price comparison costliness will guarantee the quality of impulse member in the shock peening process, avoid the damage of impulse member.
Showing according to test data of experiment, have the transition residual tension outside the laser-impact zone, is residual compressive stress in the shock zone, and this is consistent with test result in the scientific and technical literature of publishing both at home and abroad.For guaranteeing the residual compressive stress of shock zone surface for being evenly distributed, the shock zone surface treatment should be covered fully, therefore when using the circle hot spot to impact, need take the superposition of certain coverage rate to impact, cover to guarantee that shock zone is handled fully.When absorbed layer adopted metal film, because the ductility of metal film, laser impacted along a course bearing superposition, and metal film extends along course bearing, can make metal film to outer lug, formed bubble, thereby caused breaking of metal film.When absorbed layer was adhesive tape, circle hot spot superposition impacted, and adjacent spots superposition zone is subjected to repeatedly impacting, because the pulse energy of laser is very high, adhesive tape is after repeatedly absorbing laser energy, and ablation is broken.If absorbed layer breaks, high-octane pulse laser will directly act on the impulse member surface, both destroyed the fineness on impulse member surface, the focusing ablation effect of the long pulse system amplified spontaneous emission laser that pulse laser beam contains has also reduced the laser impact intensified effect of impulse member.
The associated documents of consulting according to us, domestic patent " laser impact forming and reinforcing system " by people such as the Zhang Yongkang of Jiangsu University application, application number is 200610161633, main what describe is the system integration of laser impact forming and reinforcing equipment, does not relate to concrete technology and laser facula rate addition method when laser impact intensified.Do not find the domestic article of publishing that relates to the circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks superposition as yet.
Summary of the invention
The absorption protective layer breaks easily in the prior art in order to overcome; the deficiency on meeting ablation impulse member surface; the present invention proposes the method that a kind of circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks replaces superposition, finishes the hot spot coverage rate that shock zone requires, and has improved the laser impact intensified qualification rate of impulse member.
The present invention adopts the method for round hot spot superposition, and whole shock zone is covered.For avoiding metal film or adhesive tape to break in impact process, the present invention does not adopt pad pasting to finish the process of whole shock peening when impacting, but the effect that pad pasting impacts or repeatedly pad pasting impacts synthetic hot spot superposition at twice specifically may further comprise the steps:
The first step is used the two bundle two-sided laser reinforcing systems that liquidate that pulsed laser energy is identical, pulsewidth is identical, focused spot size is identical, has avoided the distortion of impulse member.The absorption protective layer of impulse member adopts one side that the opaque adhesive tape or the metal film of colloid are arranged, and wherein colloid has good adhesive force power (〉=30N/cm to the metal impulse member 2), metal film percentage elongation 〉=30%, the gross thickness of adhesive tape and colloid is at 100~130 μ m, and the gross thickness of metal film and colloid is at 50~100 μ m.Adopt the restraint layer of water as impulse member, the flow velocity and the flow of integrated control system control water form uniform water curtain at the impulse member shock surface.
Second step, determine that the superposition rate of impact spot diameter is x%, spot diameter is D, the general circle spot diameter superposition rate that adopts is more than 30%.The protection absorbed layer is sticked on the impulse member surface that cleans up,, choose on this zone boundary certain and a bit be zero point,, carry out the first round and impact as first spot center point according to the requirement of shock zone.This takes turns the adjacent spots Center Gap 2D (1-x%) of impact, with whole shock zone shock treatment once.
The 3rd step, look used protective layer material character and determine whether to remove protective layer, pad pasting carries out second and takes turns impact again.When absorbing protective layer and being adhesive tape, remove protective layer, carry out carrying out second behind the pad pasting again and take turns impact; When the absorption protective layer is metal film, directly carries out second and take turns impact.This zero point of taking turns impact be spaced apart D (1-x%) zero point of impacting with the first round in the horizontal.The second adjacent spots Center Gap of taking turns impact is 2D (1-x%), with whole shock zone shock treatment once.
In the 4th step, remove the protective layer on the impulse member, again pad pasting.Be spaced apart D (1-x%) zero point of zero point that third round is impacted and first round impact in the vertical.The adjacent spots Center Gap that third round is impacted is 2D (1-x%), with whole shock zone shock treatment once.
In the 5th step, look used protective layer material character and determine whether pad pasting again.When the absorption protective layer is adhesive tape, remove protective layer, carry out again carrying out the four-wheel impact behind the pad pasting; When the absorption protective layer is metal film, directly carries out four-wheel and impact.The interval D at zero point (1-x%) that zero point that four-wheel impacts and third round are impacted.The adjacent spots Center Gap that four-wheel impacts is 2D (1-x%), with whole shock zone shock treatment once.After four impacts were finished, whole impact process was finished.
When the same area need repeatedly impact, can repeat above-mentioned steps and carry out the method that more times pad pasting impacts and reach desired impact effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: break easily at absorbing protective layer in the prior art; the deficiency of part ablated surface impacts; the method that adopts repeatedly pad pasting repeatedly to impact has been avoided rete to break and has been damaged the impulse member surface, has reached the impact effect of hot spot superposition again.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the two-sided impact schematic diagram of impulse member;
Fig. 3 is spot diameter 30% a superposition schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that the two-wheeled hot spot covers schematic diagram before spot diameter 50% superposition;
Fig. 5 is that the two-wheeled hot spot covers schematic diagram behind spot diameter 50% superposition;
Fig. 6 is spot diameter 50% a superposition overall schematic;
Fig. 7 is a spot diameter x% superposition schematic diagram;
Among the figure, 1. laser-impact integrated control system; 2. high power pulsed laser; 3. can control water nozzle; 4 robot for controlling movement; 5.45 ° semi-transparent semi-reflecting spectroscope; 6.45 ° completely reflecting mirror; 7. impulse member; 8. focus lamp; 9. absorbed layer; L1. first round laser-impact; L2. second take turns laser-impact; L3. third round laser-impact; L4. four-wheel laser-impact; D. spot diameter; W1. the same centre distance of impacting different hot spots of taking turns; The W2 two-wheeled impacts adjacent spots centre distance; X%. spot diameter superposition rate.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The used laser impact intensified device of the present invention is a prior art: laser impact intensified device as shown in Figure 1, by high power pulsed laser 2 emission laser, by 45 ° of semi-transparent semi-reflecting spectroscopes 5 laser is divided into the identical laser beam of two bundles, adjustment by a series of 45 ° of completely reflecting mirrors 6, two light path is identical by focus lamp 8 bundle laser focus on respectively, regulate the position of focus lamp 8, it is identical to make two bundle laser be radiated at impulse member 7 double-edged focused spot size, pulsewidth is identical, and the hot spot on impulse member surface uses burnt preceding hot spot.Controllable water nozzle 3 ejection water form uniform water curtain on the impulse member surface.Regulating robot 4 makes laser become a little angle with impulse member 7 surface normals.Number of patent application is that 200910020997.6 patent " a kind of optical isolation laser shock peening is two-sided to flushing device " has specifically described the two-sided laser impact intensified device that liquidates.Energy, the mode of operation of integrated control system 1 control high power pulsed laser 2, the motion of control robot 4, the water speed and the discharge of control water nozzle 3.Integrated control system 1 can be to the movement locus program storage of robot 4 in database.When laser-impact, directly access database and control impact process automatically by system.
The two-sided impact schematic diagram of impulse member as shown in Figure 2, impulse member 7 surface-coated absorb protective layer 9, and the water of water spout 3 ejections is absorbing the uniform restraint layer of protective layer surface formation.Absorbing protective layer 9 adopts one side that the metal film or the black belt of colloid are arranged.Because the ductility of aluminium is only second to gold, silver, 1g Al can be elongated to the filament of 37m, generate 50m 2Therefore aluminum foil thickness adopts aluminium foil as absorbing protective layer less than 0.01mm usually.Metal film together with the thickness of colloid at 50~100 μ m.
The impact coverage rate of utilizing the hot spot superposition to impact to realize shock zone is greater than 100%, and the method that adopts is 30%~50% a superposition of laser focal beam spot diameter usually.
As shown in Figure 3, adopt the rate addition method of focal beam spot diameter 30%, adjacent superposition hot spot distance of center circle is from 0.7D.If finish until whole shock zone impact according to the impact of hot spot spacing 0.7D order superposition, in impact process, absorption protective film 9 is bound to break, the ablation on the part surface that impacts.Therefore, the present invention adopts alternately superposition to impact to reach spot diameter 30% superposition impact effect, may further comprise the steps:
The first step; use the two bundle two-sided laser reinforcing systems that liquidate that pulsed laser energy is identical, pulsewidth is identical, focused spot size is identical; the absorption protective layer of impulse member adopts one side that the opaque adhesive tape of colloid is arranged; the gross thickness of adhesive tape and colloid is at 120 μ m; adopt the restraint layer of water as impulse member; the flow velocity and the flow of integrated control system control water form uniform water curtain at the impulse member shock surface.
In second step, the first round is impacted fine line circle hot spot distribution L1 as shown in Figure 3, and this takes turns adjacent spots center distance W1 is 1.4D, will treat the shock zone processing once according to the spot center spacing of W1.
The 3rd step, after L1 finishes, remove the absorption protective layer, stick adhesive tape again, carry out second and take turns laser-impact, as shown in Figure 3 fine dotted line circle hot spot distribution L2.The spot center distance W 2 of the horizontal adjacent superposition of L2 and L1, W2 is 0.7D.This takes turns L2 adjacent spot center the spot center with first round L1 is identical at interval at interval, i.e. W1.
The 4th step, finish second and take turns laser-impact L2, remove the absorption protective layer, stick adhesive tape again, carry out the third round laser-impact, as shown in Figure 3 heavy line circle hot spot distribution L3.The spot center distance W 2 of L3 and the vertical adjacent superposition of L1 is 0.7D.This is taken turns the adjacent spots Center Gap and still is W1.
The 5th step, finish the laser-impact of L3 after, remove to absorb protective layer, stick adhesive tape more again, the four-wheel laser-impact is carried out in the impact zone, as Fig. 3 thick dashed line circle hot spot distribution L4.The horizontal adjacent superposition spot center spacing W2 of L4 and L3 is 0.7D.The adjacent spots Center Gap W1 of L4 finishes the laser-impact of L4.More than four steps then finish impact process after finishing to whole shock zone.Complete hot spot superposition as shown in Figure 3.
When absorption protective film adopted aluminium foil, colloid was 40N/cm to the adhesion of metal impulse member 2, aluminium foil,, can only paste twice in whole impact process because the anti-laser-impact ablation of metal film ability is better than adhesive tape at 100 μ m together with the thickness of colloid.Do not need pad pasting again after having impacted L1, directly impact L2, after impact is finished, remove metal film, pad pasting is finished L3, L4 more again.
To shown in Figure 5, adopt the impact method process of spot diameter 50% superposition identical with 30% diameter superposition as Fig. 4, just wherein W1 is D, and W2 is 0.5D.The schematic diagram of hot spot superposition as shown in Figure 6.
The impact method of spot diameter superposition between 30%~50% is identical with the process of 30% and 50% diameter superposition.Wherein the value of W1 and W2 as shown in Figure 7, when spot diameter superposition rate was x%, the same wheel impacted spot center distance W 2 and is D (1-x%), W1 is 2 times of W2.

Claims (2)

1. the method for circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks superposition is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step; use the two bundle two-sided laser reinforcing systems that liquidate that pulsed laser energy is identical, pulsewidth is identical, focused spot size is identical; the absorption protective layer of impulse member adopts one side that the opaque adhesive tape or the metal film of colloid are arranged, and wherein colloid is to the adhesion 〉=30N/cm of metal impulse member 2, metal film percentage elongation 〉=30%, the gross thickness of adhesive tape and colloid is at 100~130 μ m, and the gross thickness of metal film and colloid is at 50~100 μ m; Adopt the restraint layer of water as impulse member, the flow velocity and the flow of integrated control system control water form uniform water curtain at the impulse member shock surface;
Second step, determine that the superposition rate of impact spot diameter is x%, spot diameter is D, adopts circle spot diameter superposition rate more than 30%; The absorption protective layer is sticked on the impulse member surface that cleans up,, choose on this zone boundary certain and a bit be zero point,, carry out the first round and impact as first spot center point according to the requirement of shock zone; This takes turns the adjacent spots Center Gap 2D (1-x%) of impact, with whole shock zone shock treatment once;
The 3rd step, look used protective layer material character and determine whether to remove protective layer, pad pasting carries out second and takes turns impact again; When absorbing protective layer and being adhesive tape, remove protective layer, carry out carrying out second behind the pad pasting again and take turns impact; When the absorption protective layer is metal film, directly carries out second and take turns impact; This takes turns the zero point of impact and be spaced apart D (1-x%) zero point of first round impact in the horizontal, and the second adjacent spots Center Gap of taking turns impact is 2D (1-x%), with whole shock zone shock treatment once;
In the 4th step, remove the protective layer on the impulse member, again pad pasting; Be spaced apart D (1-x%) zero point that the zero point that third round is impacted and the first round impact in the vertical, and the adjacent spots Center Gap that third round is impacted is 2D (1-x%), with whole shock zone shock treatment once;
In the 5th step, look used protective layer material character and determine whether pad pasting again; When the absorption protective layer is adhesive tape, remove protective layer, carry out again carrying out the four-wheel impact behind the pad pasting; When the absorption protective layer is metal film, directly carries out four-wheel and impact; The interval D at zero point (1-x%) that zero point that four-wheel impacts and third round are impacted, the adjacent spots Center Gap that four-wheel impacts is 2D (1-x%), with whole shock zone shock treatment once; After four impacts were finished, whole impact process was finished.
2. the method for circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks superposition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described second step to the 5th step repeats and reaches the effect of repeatedly impacting.
CN 200910022101 2009-04-20 2009-04-20 Superimposing method of circular light spot laser shock strengthening tracks Expired - Fee Related CN101537534B (en)

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