CN108754389A - A kind of aeroponics and spray coating method prepare the method and device of metallic composite - Google Patents

A kind of aeroponics and spray coating method prepare the method and device of metallic composite Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108754389A
CN108754389A CN201810509602.8A CN201810509602A CN108754389A CN 108754389 A CN108754389 A CN 108754389A CN 201810509602 A CN201810509602 A CN 201810509602A CN 108754389 A CN108754389 A CN 108754389A
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China
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metal
spray
cold air
atomization
aeroponics
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CN201810509602.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
任三兵
卢玉锋
戚宝文
吴建春
杨卫波
李梅
李钰
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Priority to CN201810509602.8A priority Critical patent/CN108754389A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/123Spraying molten metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06Metallic material

Abstract

The invention discloses the method and devices that a kind of aeroponics and spray coating method prepare metallic composite, this method is to be simutaneously arranged metal atomization injection apparatus and cold air driven spray painter, metal injection sedimentary is prepared first with metal atomization injection apparatus, it recycles cold air driven spray painter that will need in compound metal powder high speed impact to metal injection sedimentary, forms composite material.Present invention greatly enhances the bonding efficiencies of composition metal, improve the quality and performance of deposited metal.The technology is simple for process when preparing composite material, equipment is simple, can carry out exporting application, mass production on a large scale.

Description

A kind of aeroponics and spray coating method prepare the method and device of metallic composite
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and devices preparing metallic composite, especially a kind of to use aeroponics and spraying Method prepares the method and device of metallic composite, belongs to technical field of ferrous metallurgy.
Background technology
Composite material is manually combined with special method by basis material and plied timber, it has given full play to material Expect respective physical and chemical performance, form the new material of excellent combination property, be current Material Field it is with fastest developing speed, before The development of composite material is all classified as emphasis planning by the most wide new disciplines of scape all over the world.
People are in the research process to composite material, it has been recognized that the key of composite material is basis material and cladding Interface cohesion problem between material.Reach that bond strength is good, cladding firm technology requirement, removes necessary aximal deformation value Outside, it is necessary to have enough compound interfaces.The manufacturing technique method of existing composite metal band substantially has following several types:1, Weld rolling:Each one piece of the stainless steel plate and low carbon steel plate that contact surface is cleaned out is combined, then surrounding contact position Soldering, then heated stove heat rolls again, or low carbon steel plate stainless steel electrode, welding wire built-up welding certain thickness, then warp are added It is rolled after hot stove heating.2, explosive welding process:The contact surface of two blocks of different metal plates is cleaned out and is combined, after heating It is placed in special device, will be rolled after contact surface soldering, then heated stove heat using explosion technology.3, centrifugal casting method:I.e. Low-carbon molten steel is first injected centrifugal casting machine, is injected in centrifugal casting circle when it is cooled to molten state admittedly, then by stainless steel water Circle, takes out when being completely solidified into cyclic annular composite plate made-up belt, and the heating stove heat system of rerolling is sent into after straightener is aligned.These methods There are complex procedures, of high cost, production efficiency is relatively low, not secured enough the disadvantage of composite layer bond strength.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in a kind of aeroponics of offer and spray coating method to prepare metallic composite Method and device reduces cost to simplify the preparation process of composite material, and the adhesion strength and production for improving composite material are imitated Rate, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method that aeroponics and spray coating method prepare metallic composite, this method be simutaneously arranged metal atomization injection apparatus and Cold air driven spray painter prepares metal injection sedimentary first with metal atomization injection apparatus, recycles cold air powered spray Coating device will need in compound metal powder high speed impact to metal injection sedimentary, form composite material.
The method that above-mentioned aeroponics and spray coating method prepare metallic composite is specifically atomized in metal jet Cold air driven spray painter is arranged in the side of device, molten metal will be formed after metal melting, in the process that molten metal flows downward out In, by the jet atomization of the atomizer of metal jet atomising device, form tiny metal atomization drop, metal atomization liquid In drop high speed injection to deposition substrate, metal deposition layer is formed;Compound metal powder will be needed, in cold air driven spray painter Supersonic speed or more is accelerated in spray gun, and is ejected on metal deposition layer by superonic flow nozzzle, and composite material is obtained.
The method that above-mentioned aeroponics and spray coating method prepare metallic composite, preferred embodiment, the metal deposition layer It is atomized thickness requirement and is more than 10mm, the temperature of metal deposition layer is maintained between 800 DEG C -1200 DEG C when cold air power spraying and coating.
A kind of aeroponics and spray coating method prepare the device of metallic composite, including metal melting equipment and metal jet mist Makeup sets, cold air driven spray painter, and cold air driven spray painter is located at the side of metal jet atomising device;Metal jet mist Makeup is set including diversion pipe, atomizer and deposition substrate, and diversion pipe is mounted in the bottom of metal melting equipment, atomizer setting In the periphery of diversion pipe, deposition substrate is located at the lower section of diversion pipe;Deposition substrate can be rotated with certain speed;It is cold air powered Spray equipment includes powder feeder, gas tank, gas control valve and spray gun, and the tail portion of spray gun connects powder feeder and gas control valve, Powder feeder, gas control valve are respectively connected to gas tank.
Above-mentioned aeroponics and spray coating method prepare the device of metallic composite, it is preferred that the metal melting equipment It is crucible, the nozzle of spray gun is superonic flow nozzzle.
Aerosol legal system steel is a kind of new technology preparing special material using the method quickly solidified, and the technology is with close End form is processed and the dual characteristics of semi-solid processing.Its principle will be passed through out of tundish with high-pressure inert gas in atomizer The alloy liquid stream for crossing diversion pipe outflow is atomized into tiny molten drop, and molten drop flies under the action of high-speed flow and by gradually cold But, it is deposited into before these molten drops not yet solidify completely on the effigurate collector of tool, by changing molten drop jet stream With the relative position of collector and the forms of motion of collector, disk can be obtained(Column), pipe(Ring), plate(Band)Etc. of different shapes Semi-finished product blank.
Cold air dynamic spraying technology is to drive minute metallic particle high-speed impact matrix material using high pressure compressed gas as power Expect surface, when spraying particle speed be more than certain speed after, sprayed particle material surface occur intense plastic strain and It is bonded, coating is formed in substrate material surface.In cold air dynamic spraying technology, the temperature of gas is generally less than 850K, Well below the fusing point of sprayed on material, sprayed particle is to be bonded in the solid state.Therefore, cold air dynamic spraying technology has it Particular advantages not available for his plasma spray technology, for example, the heat input to substrate is small, on the structure of substrate without influence;Spray grain To return state bonding, structure remained stable is suitable for preparing the temperature-sensitive materials such as nanometer and non crystalline structure, intermetallic compound With phase transformation sensitive material coating;Non-oxidation occurs in spraying process, is suitable for the spraying of oxysensible reducing metal.But It is to fully rely on the Particular craft feature of speed just because of cold air power spraying and coating, also lead to cold air dynamic spraying technology itself There are a significant drawbacks, i.e. the required critical speed of spraying particle bonding is very high, generally reaches 600m/s or more, Additionally, due to the cooling effect of high-speed flow, so that particle is carried out at lower temperatures with substrate bonding, increase bonding Difficulty.Especially when spraying two kinds of materials that performance difference is larger or fusing point is high, the difficulty of bonding is more notable.Therefore There is an urgent need for the bondings solved the problems, such as in cold air power spraying and coating technique, and usual way is will to drive gas or the particle of spraying at present It is heated, on the one hand improves the speed of air-flow to improve the speed of particle to be more than critical speed, on the other hand improve grain The temperature of son increases the deformability of particle, such as patent US2006027687 uses microwave heating spraying particle.But it improves The temperature of high pressure compressed gas designs equipment and material is proposed very high technology requirement, and safety is difficult to ensure.And The temperature for improving particle easily occurs to glue larynx phenomenon, while easily causing spraying particle tissue and the variations such as crystal grain length, phase transformation, shadow occurs The performance of coating is rung, and radiant heating efficiency is low, and can rapidly cooled down by the cooling effect of high-speed flow;Microwave heating meeting It is reflected by metallic, influences practical heating effect.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:The present invention is simutaneously arranged metal atomization injection and cold air driven spray painter.In metal On substrate, metal layer is prepared first with metal atomization injection apparatus, metal substrate can move on vertical injection direction, control The movement speed of metal substrate processed requires to meet spraying when the temperature of metal injection layer being made to reach cold air power spraying and coating, cold Aerodynamic force spraying will need composite metal powder steel ball in high speed impact to metal injection layer, due to the temperature ratio of metal injection layer It is higher, to which the hardness of metal layer substantially reduces, when on high-velocity wire powder pellet impact to metal layer, have occurred strong embedding Enter phenomenon, to greatly improve the bonding efficiency of composition metal.The technology is simple for process when preparing composite material, equipment Simply, it can carry out exporting application, mass production on a large scale.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1)For metal substrate after metal injection deposition, deposited metal has higher temperature, is suitble to subsequent cold air power spraying and coating Metallic particles is embedded in metal deposition layer to form preferable metallurgical bonding layer with higher speed, improves compound bed boundary Intensity.
(2)Metal substrate is after metal injection spray deposition, and the consistency of atomizing layer metal is relatively low, at this time by subsequent The high-speed impact of cold air power spraying and coating so that the consistency of atomizing layer metal interface significantly improves, to significantly improve deposition The performance of layer metal.
(3)Previous cold air power spraying and coating needs the temperature of the pressure for increasing spray gas and substrate metal viscous to enhance The effect of knot and intensity, and the present invention after metal injection by that directly plus cold air power spraying and coating, can utilize metal injection Temperature has the function that energy saving.
(4)The loose and bubble formed in metal jet atomization process, is realized during follow-up cold air power spraying and coating Filling and improve, improves the quality of deposited metal to a certain extent.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of the present invention.
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, including metal melting equipment 2 and metal jet atomising device, cold air driven spray painter, cold air is dynamic Power spray equipment is located at the side of metal jet atomising device, and metal melting equipment 2 uses crucible.Metal jet atomising device packet Diversion pipe 3, atomizer 4 and deposition substrate 7 are included, diversion pipe 3 is mounted in the bottom of metal melting equipment 2, and the setting of atomizer 4 exists The periphery of diversion pipe 3, deposition substrate 7 are located at the lower section of diversion pipe 3;Deposition substrate 7 can be rotated with certain speed;Cold air is dynamic Power spray equipment includes powder feeder 8, gas tank 9, gas control valve 10 and spray gun 11, and the nozzle of spray gun 11 is superonic flow nozzzle, The tail portion connection powder feeder 8 and gas control valve 10, powder feeder 8, gas control valve 10 of spray gun 11 are respectively connected to gas tank 9.
Operation principle:Prepare the deposition substrate 7 of reception jet atomization metal first, metal melts in fusion apparatus 2 After forming molten metal 1, is flowed downward out by diversion pipe 3, during outflow, be atomized by mounted on 3 periphery of diversion pipe The jet atomization of nozzle 4, forms tiny metal atomization drop 5, and metal atomization drop 5 is sprayed with higher speed to deposition base On plate 7, due to the effect of high-speed impact and rapid cooling, moment solidification occurs for molten metal 1, forms metal deposition layer 6, with deposition base Plate 7 ceaselessly moves, and metal deposition layer 6 is constantly deposited in deposition substrate 7.When cold air power spraying and coating, metal deposition layer Temperature is maintained between 800 DEG C -1200 DEG C, and the atomization thickness requirement of metal deposition layer 6 is more than 10mm.Cold air driven spray painter Gas tank 9 provide high-pressure driving gas for cold air power spraying and coating and need compound metal powder carrier gas, carrier gas is after powder feeder 8 Carrying needs compound metal powder to enter cold air power spraying and coating spray gun 11, and driving gas enters spray gun after gas control valve 10 11, drive gas the speed of compound metal powder will to be needed to accelerate to compound metal powder interaction is needed in spray gun 11 More than supersonic speed, supersonic speed gas-solid two-phase 12 is sprayed by superonic flow nozzzle, acts on metal deposition layer 6 and forms compoiste adhering Layer 13.
Embodiment 1:Jet atomization device and cold air driven spray painter are arranged above deposition substrate 7.Originally, base is deposited Plate 7 is moved from right to left with the speed of 10mm/s, and jet atomization metal is straight carbon steel, and metal atomization temperature is 1600 DEG C, atomization Layer thickness is 12mm, and metal atomization pressure is 15kg.After jet atomization metal deposition layer 6 is formed, deposition substrate 7 moves to cold air Below dynamic spraying device, it is mild steel to need compound spray metal, and particle median diameter is 50 μm, metal deposit before spraying The metal temperature of layer is 900 DEG C or so, and in 20kg, the thickness of cold air power spraying and coating is 3mm for the pressure control of gas in spray gun 11.
Embodiment 2:Jet atomization device and cold air driven spray painter are arranged above deposition substrate 7.Originally, base is deposited Plate 7 is moved from right to left with the speed of 12mm/s, and jet atomization metal is straight carbon steel, and metal atomization temperature is 1590 DEG C, atomization Layer thickness is 10mm, and metal atomization pressure is 12kg.After jet atomization metal deposition layer 6 is formed, deposition substrate 7 moves to cold air Below dynamic spraying device, it is mild steel to need compound spray metal, and the median diameter of particle is 60 μm, and metal is heavy before spraying The metal temperature of lamination is 1000 DEG C or so, and the pressure of gas is controlled in 18kg in spray gun, and the thickness of cold air power spraying and coating is 2mm。
Embodiment 3:Jet atomization device and cold air driven spray painter are arranged above deposition substrate 7.Originally, substrate with The speed of 13mm/s moves from right to left, and jet atomization metal is straight carbon steel, and metal atomization temperature is 1620 DEG C, is atomized layer thickness For 15mm, metal atomization pressure is 10kg.After jet atomization metal deposition layer 6 is formed, deposition substrate 7 moves to cold air powered spray Below coating device, it is mild steel to need compound spray metal, and the median diameter of particle is 70 μm, metal deposition layer before spraying Metal temperature is 950 DEG C or so, and in 15kg, the thickness of cold air power spraying and coating is 1.5mm for the pressure control of the atomization gas of spray gun.
Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and that makes without departing from the purpose of the present invention is various Within variation all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of method that aeroponics and spray coating method prepare metallic composite, it is characterised in that:It is simutaneously arranged metal atomization spray Injection device and cold air driven spray painter prepare metal injection sedimentary first with metal atomization injection apparatus, recycle cold Aerodynamic force spray equipment will need in compound metal powder high speed impact to metal injection sedimentary, form composite material.
2. the method that aeroponics according to claim 1 and spray coating method prepare metallic composite, it is characterised in that:In gold Cold air driven spray painter is arranged in the side for belonging to jet atomization device, will form molten metal after metal melting, downward in molten metal During outflow, by the jet atomization of the atomizer of metal jet atomising device, tiny metal atomization drop is formed, In metal atomization drop high speed injection to deposition substrate, metal deposition layer is formed;Compound metal powder will be needed, cold air powered Supersonic speed or more is accelerated in the spray gun of spray equipment, and is ejected on metal deposition layer by superonic flow nozzzle, is obtained compound Metal material.
3. the method that aeroponics according to claim 1 or 2 and spray coating method prepare metallic composite, it is characterised in that: The atomization thickness requirement of the metal deposition layer is more than 10mm, and the temperature of metal deposition layer is maintained at 800 when cold air power spraying and coating Between DEG C -1200 DEG C.
4. a kind of aeroponics and spray coating method prepare the device of metallic composite, it is characterised in that:Including metal melting equipment(2) With metal jet atomising device, cold air driven spray painter, cold air driven spray painter is located at the one of metal jet atomising device Side;Metal jet atomising device includes diversion pipe(3), atomizer(4)And deposition substrate(7), diversion pipe(3)It is molten mounted in metal Melt equipment(2)Bottom, atomizer(4)It is arranged in diversion pipe(3)Periphery, deposition substrate(7)Positioned at diversion pipe(3)Under Side;Deposition substrate(7)It can be rotated with certain speed;Cold air driven spray painter includes powder feeder(8), gas tank(9), gas Body control valve(10)And spray gun(11), spray gun(11)Tail portion connect powder feeder(8)And gas control valve(10), powder feeder(8), Gas control valve(10)It is respectively connected to gas tank(9).
5. aeroponics according to claim 4 and spray coating method prepare the device of metallic composite, it is characterised in that:It is described Metal melting equipment(2)It is crucible, spray gun(11)Nozzle be superonic flow nozzzle.
CN201810509602.8A 2018-05-25 2018-05-25 A kind of aeroponics and spray coating method prepare the method and device of metallic composite Pending CN108754389A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112522696A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-19 江苏珀然轮毂有限公司 Equipment for shot blasting metal coating on surface of automobile hub
CN114645240A (en) * 2022-03-23 2022-06-21 江苏金泰科精密科技有限公司 Preparation method of metallic nickel-aluminum composite strip for electronic industry

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1944713A (en) * 2006-10-08 2007-04-11 西北工业大学 Method for producing multiple material micro part
CN101332511A (en) * 2007-06-25 2008-12-31 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Injection apparatus, injection molding atomizing chamber and injection molding method
CN104087891A (en) * 2014-07-12 2014-10-08 卢玉锋 Method and device for preparing composite metal material by virtue of injection and spray-coating process
CN203960316U (en) * 2014-07-12 2014-11-26 卢玉锋 A kind of injection and spraying method are prepared composite material device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1944713A (en) * 2006-10-08 2007-04-11 西北工业大学 Method for producing multiple material micro part
CN101332511A (en) * 2007-06-25 2008-12-31 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Injection apparatus, injection molding atomizing chamber and injection molding method
CN104087891A (en) * 2014-07-12 2014-10-08 卢玉锋 Method and device for preparing composite metal material by virtue of injection and spray-coating process
CN203960316U (en) * 2014-07-12 2014-11-26 卢玉锋 A kind of injection and spraying method are prepared composite material device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112522696A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-19 江苏珀然轮毂有限公司 Equipment for shot blasting metal coating on surface of automobile hub
CN114645240A (en) * 2022-03-23 2022-06-21 江苏金泰科精密科技有限公司 Preparation method of metallic nickel-aluminum composite strip for electronic industry
CN114645240B (en) * 2022-03-23 2023-12-29 江苏金泰科精密科技有限公司 Preparation method of metal nickel-aluminum composite strip for electronic industry

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Application publication date: 20181106