CN1047170C - 环氧柏木烷的合成方法 - Google Patents

环氧柏木烷的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN1047170C
CN1047170C CN94115825A CN94115825A CN1047170C CN 1047170 C CN1047170 C CN 1047170C CN 94115825 A CN94115825 A CN 94115825A CN 94115825 A CN94115825 A CN 94115825A CN 1047170 C CN1047170 C CN 1047170C
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epoxycedrane
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peracetic acid
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chamene
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CN1117968A (zh
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杨敏华
罗开荣
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HUANGYAN PERFUMERY
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Abstract

环氧柏木烷的合成方法,以柏木烯在有机溶剂中经环氧化反应得环氧柏木烷,其环氧化用过氧乙酸,有机溶剂是卤代烷或卤代芳烃。其反应温度是0~35℃,反应时间在3小时左右,转化率达85%以上,成品含量大于95%。

Description

环氧柏木烷的合成方法
本发明涉及环氧柏木烷的合成。其结构式为:
Figure C9411582500031
环氧柏木烷具有持久的甘甜木香,带有琥珀和樟脑香气。适用于香水、肥皂、日用化妆品和烟草等产品的加香,安全性、稳定性均好。已有的环氧柏木烷的合成,采用如下各种方法:yukagaku 198130(4)223-6和EP127.911都阐述应用氧气来环氧化,其存在的缺陷是付反应太多,生成多种酮衍生物;在有机化学1988.8(5)441-2,化学学报1989(6)614-617中,谢氏等报导用过硼酸钠氧化,但结果并不理想;JP87,205,200中用次氯酸钠氧化,缺点是不能获得高收率、高纯度的产品。DE2,835,940,DE3,049,434中使用PES-40来氧化,其缺点是使用强酸,使设备易腐蚀,不利于工业化生产,且有部分副反应,使产品含量不高,只有94%。
本发明的目的是设计一种以有机过氧酸,并选用合适稀释剂来使柏木烯环氧化的环氧柏木烷的合成方法。
本发明环氧柏木烷合成方法的技术方案是:以柏木烯在有机溶剂中经环氧化反应得环氧柏木烷,其所谓的环氧化用过氧乙酸,有机溶剂是卤代烷或卤代芳烃。
有机过氧酸可氧化富电子烯键成环氧化合物,反应是由过氧酸的亲电性进攻烯键而发生的,其机理如下:
Figure C9411582500032
过氧酸氧化烯键,首先都生成环氧化合物,但若反应条件选择不当,有进一步反应生成邻二醇的酰基衍生物的可能,因而选用合适的稀释剂(有机溶剂),而使环氧化转化率得以提高。
本发明选用的合成路线为:
Figure C9411582500041
柏木烯和过氧乙酸在5~10℃反应3小时,用卤代烃作溶剂和稀释剂,在酸性介质中,得到转化率大于85%,含量大于95%的环氧柏木烷。
本发明使用的过氧乙酸浓度为20-70%,小于20%,使转化率降低,大于70%则使副产物增多,最合适的浓度为30-50%。
本发明的反应温度以0~35℃为宜,过低则氧化速度减慢,使转化率降低,过高使氧化速度加快,也导致副产物增多,容易使烯生成二聚体及其他副产物,同时温度高使过氧乙酸分解加剧,最合适的温度是5-10℃,反应时间超过3小时,对本反应影响不大,但低于3小时,则转化率降低。
本发明使用过氧乙酸的乙酸溶液,因在较低温度下,于酸性介质中,氧化有较好的转化率。
本发明选用卤代烷或卤代芳烃作为溶剂和稀释剂,溶剂必须是对过氧乙酸不起反应,同时起稀释作用,降低过氧乙酸浓度,不使反应太激烈,以致引发其他副反应。较合适的溶剂是二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、氯苯和二氯苯等。
本发明中,过氧乙酸与柏木烯的摩尔比为0.8-1∶1,摩尔比小于0.8∶1,使转化率降低,大于1∶1,则由于氧化性过强,酸性过大,容易生成二醇等副产物。选用的最合适摩尔比为1∶1。
下面说明本发明的一个实施例。
在200l搪瓷反应锅中,加入柏木烯42kg(0.2kmol,98%),四氯化碳80kg,开搅拌机,冰盐水冷却至5℃,自计量罐中将过氧乙酸50kg(0.2kmol,30%)加入反应锅,保持温度不超过10℃,加完过氧乙酸后,在10℃继续反应3小时,中和,水洗,有机层抽入精馏塔内减压精馏,收集115-116℃/80Pa馏分,得环氧柏木烷无色粘稠液体,带持久的甘甜木香,有琥珀和樟脑香气,转化率大于85%,气相色谱分析含量大于95%,n0 201.4920-1.4980。

Claims (6)

1、环氧柏木烷的合成方法,以柏木烯在有机溶剂中经环氧化反应得环氧柏木烷,其特征在于环氧化用过氧乙酸,有机溶剂是卤代烷或卤代芳烃,反应所用的过氧乙酸浓度是20~70%,反应温度是0~35℃。
2、如权利要求1所述的环氧柏木烷的合成方法,其特征在于环氧化反应是在酸性条件下。
3、如权利要求1所述的环氧柏木烷的合成方法,其特征在于过氧乙酸与柏木烯的摩尔比是0.8~1∶1。
4、如权利要求1所述的环氧柏木烷的合成方法,其特征在于有机溶剂中卤代烷、卤代芳烃是:二氯甲烷或氯仿或四氯化碳或氯苯或二氯苯。
5、如权利要求1或2所述的环氧柏木烧的合成方法,其特征在于过氧乙酸的浓度是30~50%,反应温度是5~10℃,酸性条件使用的是有机酸。
6、如权利要求3所述的环氧柏木烷的合成方法,其特征在于过氧乙酸与柏木烯的摩尔比是1∶1。
CN94115825A 1994-09-01 1994-09-01 环氧柏木烷的合成方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1047170C (zh)

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CN1107674C (zh) * 2000-06-15 2003-05-07 复旦大学 以杉木油为原料的环氧雪松烷生产方法
CN100453630C (zh) * 2005-08-23 2009-01-21 杭州格林香料化学有限公司 一种具有木香龙涎香香气的合成香料组合物及制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0055387A1 (de) * 1980-12-30 1982-07-07 Peroxid-Chemie GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung von Epoxiden
DE4206387A1 (de) * 1992-02-29 1993-09-02 Hoechst Ag Fluorsubstituierte epoxide sowie ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0055387A1 (de) * 1980-12-30 1982-07-07 Peroxid-Chemie GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung von Epoxiden
DE4206387A1 (de) * 1992-02-29 1993-09-02 Hoechst Ag Fluorsubstituierte epoxide sowie ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung

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