CN104713689A - Air leakage detecting method for water-pervious bipolar plate in proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Air leakage detecting method for water-pervious bipolar plate in proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A water-pervious bipolar plate in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the functions of water permeating and air blocking, fuel cell generated water can be drained, and meanwhile it is guaranteed that oxidizing agent cavity gas does not run into a water cavity. In the running process of the fuel cell, when operation conditions are controlled improperly or the bipolar plate is damaged or sealing fails, air leakage is likely to happen to the water-previous bipolar plate, and the original air blocking function is lost. The invention relates to a method for detecting the water-pervious bipolar plate with the air blocking function lost in a multisection water-pervious plate fuel cell stack, the bipolar plate with the air blocking function lost is found fast to be treated under the conditions of not completely dismounting the stack, the high utilization rate of the oxidizing agent gas is guaranteed, meanwhile, complete dismounting of the stack and the influence on other assemblies in the dismounting process are avoided, and work efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell leak detection method, be particularly useful for the method that in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, permeable double-polar plate gas leakage detects.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) by the electrocatalytic reaction on membrane electrode, the chemical energy in fuel and oxygenant being directly converted into efficiently electric energy.Bipolar plates is the significant components in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, has fluid and distributes, conducts electricity, cools, separates the function such as fuel and oxygenant.Common bipolar plates (conventional bipolar plate) has three chambeies: fuel cavity, oxidant cavity, coolant cavity, keep between three chambeies separating, fluid does not circulate mutually in three chambeies, the galvanochemistry of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) generates water and enters after in oxidant cavity, directly by air-flow or taken out of battery under gravity.
Occurred a kind of novel water permeable bipolar plates (CN 1179428C, CN101501909A) in recent years, its fuel cavity and oxidant cavity keep isolated, but there is porous disc (or being called " poriness water transport plate ") between oxidant cavity and coolant cavity.This permeable bipolar plates, except having above-mentioned conventional bipolar plate function, also has permeable choke function.So-called permeable choke refers in fuel cell operation, generation water in oxidant cavity directly can enter coolant cavity through the porous disc of bipolar plates by means of the pressure differential between oxidant cavity and coolant cavity, then along with battery discharged by cooling medium, but the gas in oxidant cavity can not enter coolant cavity through porous disc.The permeable choke function of this uniqueness of permeable bipolar plates greatly alleviates the flow rates demand of oxygenant intracavity gas, improves the water management capabilities of battery, and ensure that the high usage of oxygenant.
But, permeable bipolar plate fuel battery, in operational process, needs to keep the pressure differential in two chambeies (oxidant cavity and coolant cavity) before and after porous disc within the specific limits, if operating conditions controls improper once superly go beyond the scope, porous disc just leaks air, and loses original choke function; In addition, if porous disc damages or sealing goes wrong, porous disc also can be made to leak gas.At this moment need to find out the bipolar plates losing choke function, to process it.Common way is disassembled completely by battery, leaks hunting separately to every a slice bipolar plates, until find fault bipolar plates.This method wastes time and energy, and disassembles in process at battery, and inevitable other parts of touching, as MEA, tree lace etc., likely cause these parts damages.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to the shortcoming and defect overcoming above-mentioned prior art, a kind of detection method of permeable bipolar plates for losing choke function in more piece porous disc proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling is provided, in order to after fuel cell pile has been assembled, under entirely disassembled situation is carried out to pile, find out rapidly the bipolar plates losing choke function, method detailed is as follows:
(1) during guarantee original state, in pile, each joint equal no-voltage value in single pond or magnitude of voltage are all starkly lower than open circuit level (passing into the means such as nitrogen purging or electric discharge to fuel cavity and oxidant cavity as used).
(2) mesuring battary fuel cavity, oxidant cavity are passed into respectively fuel (as hydrogen) and the inert gas (as nitrogen) of certain pressure, pass into inert gas object and enter oxidant cavity for preventing extraneous air, disturbed test result.
(3) mesuring battary coolant cavity is passed into oxygenant (as air) a period of time of certain pressure.
(4) observe and record each time saved unit voltage value time of occurrence or reach normal open circuit in battery: for the porous disc that gas leakage occurs, air leaks to oxidant cavity rapidly after entering coolant cavity, with oxidant cavity inner catalyst generation electrochemical reaction, this batteries open-circuit is caused to rise rapidly; For gastight porous disc, although air directly can not enter oxidant cavity by coolant cavity, but because each single pond oxidant cavity is connected state, therefore the air in gas leakage porous disc oxidant cavity also can diffuse to normal porous disc oxidant cavity gradually, cause its corresponding open-circuit voltage also to rise gradually, but start to rise and reach the open-circuit voltage time used all lower than the battery corresponding to porous disc that leaks gas.Therefore, start the initial time of rising by detecting each cell voltage and reach the open-circuit voltage time, just can determine the particular location losing choke function bipolar plates.
In the detection method of the permeable bipolar plates of forfeiture choke function of the present invention, fuel, inert gas and the oxygenant with certain pressure need be passed into.Described certain pressure, refers to fuel, inert gas pressure is consistent as far as possible, prevents battery MEA from damaging because pressure at both sides difference is excessive; Should ensure that between inert gas, oxygenant, pressure differential (absolute value), not higher than the maximum differential pressure that porous disc can bear, exceedes this maximum differential pressure, also will there is gas leak phenomenon in normal porous disc, time serious, pole plate thoroughly can damage because pressure reduction is excessive simultaneously.
Advantage of the present invention: application the present invention detect the gas leakage bipolar plates in more piece porous disc fuel cell pile, can without the need under carrying out entirely disassembled condition to pile, find out rapidly the bipolar plates losing choke function, to process it, ensure the high usage of oxygenant or fuel, avoid dismantling completely pile and causing unnecessary impact to other assemblies in unloading process simultaneously, increase work efficiency.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Pile voltage's distribiuting situation when coolant cavity passes into air 5s in Fig. 1 embodiment;
Pile voltage's distribiuting situation when coolant cavity passes into air 20s in Fig. 2 embodiment.
Embodiment
Understanding object of the present invention, feature and effect for making to be familiar with this skill personage, by following specific embodiment, the present invention being illustrated in detail.
Embodiment:
Permeable bipolar plates proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling in the present embodiment, be in series by the 6 single ponds of joint, its oxidant cavity is generated water and need be imported in coolant cavity by porous disc.This porous disc is withstand voltage 1.0bar, the fluid pressure differential namely when between oxidant cavity and coolant cavity loses choke function higher than porous disc during 1.0bar.Under normal circumstances, when porous disc oxidant cavity and water cavity draught head are within the scope of 1.0bar, oxygenant can not bleed water cavity, but there is now obvious gas leak phenomenon, needs to determine it is which block double-polar plate gas leakage, and then takes to repair strategy accordingly.
For above situation, apply following detection method:
Pile to be detected is respectively saved unit voltage to patrol and examine circuit and connect, now the equal no-voltage value in the single pond of each joint in pile; In pile oxidant cavity, pass into the nitrogen of 0.5bar, in fuel agent chamber, pass into the hydrogen of 0.5bar simultaneously; Then in coolant cavity, pass into the air of 0.5bar, observe the magnitude of voltage change in the single pond of each joint in pile.Fig. 1, Fig. 2 be each joint unit voltage distribution situation after being respectively and passing into air 5s, 20s.As seen from Figure 1, when passing into air 5s, Section 5 unit voltage value reaches 0.75V, and other saves temporary no-voltage, illustrates that the oxidant cavity side bipolar plates that this saves single pond used exists gas leakage; Can see from Fig. 2, along with air continue pass into, Section 5 voltage continues to raise, reach 0.91V during 20s, substantially reach open-voltage level, meanwhile all there is voltage in the 4th, 6 joints, magnitude of voltage is respectively 0.22V, 0.15V, this is not due to the porous disc gas leakage used of the 4th, 6 joint, but saves caused by oxidant cavities because Section 5 oxidant cavity air diffuses to the 4th, 6 gradually, because the 4th, 6 economize on electricity pressure time of occurrences are obviously later than Section 5.Therefore according to above result: the oxidant cavity side bipolar plates of Section 5 used in battery is the bipolar plates losing choke function.
If need again confirm, can stop passing into air to coolant cavity, under maintenance oxidant cavity passes into nitrogen situation, utilize resistor to make battery discharge, until each single pond open-circuit voltage is extensive be down to 0V(or≤0.6V), then repeat above-mentioned testing process.
Claims (8)
1. permeable double-polar plate gas leakage detection method in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, is characterized in that: concrete detecting step is as follows:
In guarantee battery, respectively save the equal no-voltage in single pond or when being starkly lower than open-voltage level (≤0.6V), mesuring battary fuel cavity, oxidant cavity are passed into fuel and inert gas respectively; Then mesuring battary coolant cavity is passed into oxygenant; Observe and record each time saved unit voltage value time of occurrence or reach normal open circuit in battery: for the porous disc that gas leakage occurs, air leaks to oxidant cavity rapidly after entering coolant cavity, with oxidant cavity inner catalyst generation electrochemical reaction, this batteries open-circuit is caused to rise rapidly; The bipolar plates of the used in battery oxidant cavity side occurring voltage at first or reach normal open circuit is the bipolar plates losing choke function.
2. permeable double-polar plate gas leakage detection method in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: fuel used is hydrogen-containing gas.
3. permeable double-polar plate gas leakage detection method in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described hydrogen-containing gas comprises pure hydrogen, general hydrogen.
4. permeable double-polar plate gas leakage detection method in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described inert gas refer to not with the gas of fuel-cell catalyst generation electrochemical reaction.
5. permeable double-polar plate gas leakage detection method in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described inert gas comprises nitrogen, argon gas, helium.
6. permeable double-polar plate gas leakage detection method in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described oxygenant is oxygen-containing gas.
7. permeable double-polar plate gas leakage detection method in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described oxygenant comprises pure oxygen, air.
8. permeable double-polar plate gas leakage detection method in proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in testing process, fuel, inert gas, oxygenant need be passed into, describedly pass into fuel, inert gas, oxygenant have certain pressure, certain pressure refers to fuel, inert gas pressure is consistent as far as possible; Should ensure that between inert gas, oxygenant, pressure differential (absolute value) is not higher than the maximum differential pressure that porous disc can bear under normal circumstances simultaneously.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109167088A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-08 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | The leak hunting method of bipolar plates in fuel cell pile |
| CN109253850A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-22 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel battery double plates water cavity device for detecting sealability and its detection method |
| CN109932132A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of test leakage detection apparatus of fuel cell membrane electrode and application |
| CN110336058A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-15 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell pack detection method and detection device |
| CN111157198A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Method for detecting membrane electrode series leakage and bipolar plate series leakage in fuel cell stack |
| CN111261907A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-09 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Fuel cell system with water channel pressure regulating function |
| CN111342077A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-26 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for storing water-permeable bipolar plate proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN111982420A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-24 | 氢岛新能源科技(厦门)有限公司 | Fuel cell stack differential pressure type air leakage testing device and testing method |
| CN112164813A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-01 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Device for measuring air leakage of water-permeable bipolar plate on line |
| CN113063556A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-02 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Leakage detection method for bipolar plate in fuel cell stack |
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| CN109932132A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of test leakage detection apparatus of fuel cell membrane electrode and application |
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| CN109253850A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-22 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel battery double plates water cavity device for detecting sealability and its detection method |
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| CN111342077B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-04-02 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for storing water-permeable bipolar plate proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN111261907A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-09 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Fuel cell system with water channel pressure regulating function |
| CN110336058A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-15 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell pack detection method and detection device |
| CN110336058B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-10-02 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack detection method and detection device |
| CN111157198B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-04-01 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Method for detecting membrane electrode series leakage and bipolar plate series leakage in fuel cell stack |
| CN111157198A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Method for detecting membrane electrode series leakage and bipolar plate series leakage in fuel cell stack |
| CN111982420A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-24 | 氢岛新能源科技(厦门)有限公司 | Fuel cell stack differential pressure type air leakage testing device and testing method |
| CN112164813B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Device and method for measuring air leakage of water-permeable bipolar plate on line |
| CN112164813A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-01 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Device for measuring air leakage of water-permeable bipolar plate on line |
| CN113063556A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-02 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Leakage detection method for bipolar plate in fuel cell stack |
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