CN112164813B - Device and method for measuring air leakage of water-permeable bipolar plate on line - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring air leakage of water-permeable bipolar plate on line Download PDFInfo
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- CN112164813B CN112164813B CN202011024674.7A CN202011024674A CN112164813B CN 112164813 B CN112164813 B CN 112164813B CN 202011024674 A CN202011024674 A CN 202011024674A CN 112164813 B CN112164813 B CN 112164813B
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- container
- coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F19/00—Calibrated capacity measures for fluids or fluent solid material, e.g. measuring cups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and relates to a device for measuring the air leakage from an oxidant cavity to a circulating water cavity of a fuel cell stack on line. The buffer container is of a double-layer structure, an inner container is arranged on an inner layer, and an opening at the upper part of the inner container is communicated with an outer layer; the buffer container is provided with a coolant inlet which is communicated with the inner container; the outer layer of the buffer is provided with a coolant outlet, and a pipeline of the coolant outlet is provided with a first valve; the reading container is communicated with the buffer container in a sealing way; the top of the reading container is provided with an air outlet; and a second valve is arranged on the pipeline of the exhaust port. The measuring device can be directly connected in series to a fuel cell stack testing bench or a cell system to carry out on-line measurement on the air leakage from the oxidant cavity to the circulating water cavity, and has the advantages of convenient measurement, high accuracy, no influence of other gases in the testing bench or the cell system and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, relates to a device for measuring the air leakage from an oxidant cavity to a circulating water cavity of a fuel cell stack on line, and is particularly suitable for a water-permeable bipolar plate fuel cell stack in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack.
Background
A Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a power generation device that efficiently converts chemical energy in a fuel and an oxidant directly into electrical energy. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the obvious advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, environmental friendliness, high starting speed, small environmental pollution and the like, and is considered to be one of the preferred power sources of electric automobiles, stationary power stations and various mobile power sources. The bipolar plate is an important component in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack and has the functions of fluid distribution, electric conduction, cooling, fuel and oxidant division and the like. A common bipolar plate (conventional bipolar plate) has three cavities: the fuel cavity, the oxidant cavity and the coolant cavity are separated, and fluids do not circulate in the three cavities. The electrochemically generated water in the fuel cell stack is carried out of the cell directly by the gas stream or under the action of gravity after entering the oxidant chamber.
In recent years, a new water-permeable bipolar plate (CN 1179428C, CN 101501909 a) has been developed, in which the fuel chamber is kept separate from the oxidant chamber, but a water-permeable plate (or "porous water transport plate") is present between the oxidant chamber and the coolant chamber. The water-permeable bipolar plate has the functions of water and gas permeation besides the functions of the traditional bipolar plate. By water permeable and gas barrier, it is meant that, during operation of the fuel cell, the generated water in the oxidant chamber can directly permeate the water permeable plate of the bipolar plate into the coolant chamber by virtue of the pressure difference between the oxidant chamber and the coolant chamber, and then exit the stack with the coolant, while the gas in the oxidant chamber does not permeate the water permeable plate into the coolant chamber. The unique water and gas permeable and barrier function of the water permeable bipolar plate greatly reduces the flow rate requirement of gas in the oxidant cavity, improves the water management capacity of the battery and ensures the high utilization rate of the oxidant.
However, in the actual operation process of the permeable bipolar plate fuel cell stack, the pressure difference between the oxidant cavity and the coolant cavity of the permeable plate needs to be controlled within the bearing range, and if the operation pressure is improperly controlled to exceed the range, the permeable plate can generate air leakage phenomenon and lose the original air blocking function; if the permeable plate is damaged or the sealing is in trouble, the permeable plate can be subjected to air leakage; along with the increase of the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack, the air blocking function of the water permeable bipolar plate is also reduced, and the air leakage phenomenon of the water permeable plate can also occur. Quantitative measurement of the amount of leakage of the fuel cell stack during operation is required. It is common practice to time the oxidant gas in the coolant tank using a measuring cylinder via its discharge port after the coolant tank has collected the coolant after waiting for a certain period of operation of the stack. This method requires a long waiting time and is interfered by the pressure compensating gas in the coolant tank during the process of collecting the oxidant gas, which affects the accuracy of the measurement result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provides a device for measuring the air leakage from an oxidant cavity to a coolant cavity of a water-permeable bipolar plate fuel cell stack on line. The device can be directly connected in series to a test bench or a test system of the cell stack, the test device is not influenced by the pressure supplementing gas in the coolant box in the test process, and the volume of the gas leaked from the oxidant cavity to the coolant cavity can be accurately measured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a device for measuring the air leakage of a water-permeable bipolar plate on line, which comprises:
the buffer container is of a double-layer structure, the inner layer is provided with an inner container, and the upper opening of the inner container is communicated with the outer layer; the buffer container is provided with a coolant inlet which is communicated with the inner container; a coolant outlet is formed in the outer layer of the buffer, and a first valve is arranged on a pipeline of the coolant outlet;
a reading container in sealed communication with the buffer container; the top of the reading container is provided with an air outlet; and a second valve is arranged on the pipeline of the exhaust port.
The circulating coolant flows from the fuel cell stack coolant outlet, through the coolant inlet on the buffer container, into the measurement device, and out the coolant outlet on the buffer container into the coolant tank of the test rig or system.
In the above technical solution, further, the reading container is transparent and visible, and the reading container has a scale that can read the volume of the liquid in the container.
In the above technical solution, further, the communication between the reading container and the buffer container is airtight within a pressure-resistant range.
In the above technical solution, further, the coolant outlet is located above the coolant inlet.
In the above technical scheme, further, the buffer container is made of organic glass or metal, does not react with the coolant, and has a pressure resistance of not lower than 0.2 MPa.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the air leakage of the water-permeable bipolar plate on line, which uses the device to connect the coolant inlet with the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the coolant outlet pipeline is connected to the coolant tank of the test bench or system after being converged with the orifice of the air outlet;
opening a second valve, closing the first valve, filling the buffer container and the reading container with the coolant, discharging the coolant into the cooling box through the exhaust port, and closing the second valve when no gas remains in the buffer container and the reading container (no bubbles or gas columns);
and opening the first valve, continuing to introduce the coolant, and starting timing to collect the air leakage.
This device is difficult for being dissolved in the principle of water according to oxidant gas, makes the exit end of stack recirculated cooling water be connected to this measuring device and then reconnects to the exit end of stack test bench or battery system, and the separation takes place for the gas-water among the recirculated cooling water behind this device, measures in timing to the gas of collecting in this device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the measuring device can be directly connected in series to the fuel cell stack and the test system, and is directly connected in series between the outlet of the coolant stack and the coolant tank without measuring leakage amount, so that the normal operation of the stack is not influenced; when measurement is needed, the measuring device is started.
(2) This application measuring device buffer container has bilayer structure, when measuring the volume of revealing, through the switching of two simple valves, can make the gas-water mixture who gets into the buffer tank fully separate, make the coolant directly get into to the collection device behind the battery stack in, the oxidant gas who sees through bipolar plate does not pass through the coolant case and directly is collected by the device, the gas of collecting can not receive the gaseous interference of repressurization in the coolant case, make measuring result more accurate.
(3) This application measuring device is when measuring the air leakage, and the accessible is observed the pipeline between coolant outlet and the coolant case in the aqueous vapor mixing condition, adjusts the difference in height of coolant outlet and coolant inlet, obtains more accurate measuring result, easy operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 schematic view of a measuring apparatus:
1. the fuel cell system comprises a buffer container, 2 an inner container, 3 a coolant inlet, 4 a coolant outlet, 5 an exhaust port, 6 a valve I, 7 a valve II, 8 a fuel cell stack, 9a fuel cell stack coolant outlet, 10 a test bench or a coolant box of the system, and 11 a reading container.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated but is not in any way limited by the following specific examples. In the present embodiment, the terms of orientation such as "upper" and "lower" used in the present embodiment are defined with reference to the drawing plane of the corresponding drawings, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
An apparatus for on-line measuring the air leakage of the oxygen chamber of a permeable bipolar plate fuel cell stack to a circulating cooling water chamber, comprising: the reading container 11 is in sealed communication with the buffer container 1, and the communication is airtight within a pressure-resistant range; the buffer container 1 is of a double-layer structure, an inner container 2 is arranged on an inner layer, the upper part of the inner container 2 is open and communicated with an outer layer, and the inner container is arranged to fully separate steam-water mixture entering the buffer container; the buffer container is provided with a coolant inlet 3 which is communicated with the inner container 2; the outer layer of the buffer is provided with a coolant outlet 4, the coolant outlet 4 is positioned above the coolant inlet 3, and the position of the liner and the positions of the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet ensure that no bubbles are mixed in liquid in a coolant outlet pipeline; a first valve 6 is arranged on a pipeline of the coolant outlet 4; the reading container is a transparent and visible tank body, the layering condition of gas and liquid in the reading container can be clearly seen, scales capable of reading the volume of liquid in the container are arranged on the reading container, and the scale position of a gas-liquid separation interface can be clearly seen; the top of the reading container 11 is provided with an air outlet 5; and a second valve 7 is arranged on a pipeline of the exhaust port 5. The buffer container in this embodiment is the organic glass jar, and used valve is the stop valve.
During the operation of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell stack 8 with the water permeable plate, the oxygen enters the cooling water cavity through the water permeable plate. The outlet 9 of the circulating coolant of the fuel cell stack is connected with the coolant inlet 3 of the measuring device of the embodiment through a pipeline, and the second valve 7 at the rear end of the air outlet 5 above the measuring device and the first valve 6 at the rear end of the coolant outlet 4 of the measuring device are connected with the pipeline together through a three-way adapter to a coolant tank 10 of a test bench or a test system.
After the measuring device is connected in series to a battery pipeline, the second valve 7 is opened firstly and the first valve 6 is closed in the running process of the fuel cell stack before air leakage in the cooling water cavity begins to be collected, when the measuring device is waited to be completely filled with circulating cooling water and no gas is left in the device, the second valve 7 is closed, the first valve 6 is opened simultaneously, timing is started, the air leakage in the reading container 11 in a certain time is read, and scales of a gas-liquid interface are read on the reading container.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many changes and modifications can be made, or equivalents modified, in the embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a device of bipolar plate air leakage that permeates water of on-line measurement which characterized in that: the measuring device includes:
the buffer container (1) is of a double-layer structure, an inner layer is provided with an inner container (2), and the upper part of the inner container (2) is open and communicated with an outer layer; the buffer container is provided with a coolant inlet (3) which is communicated with the inner container (2); a coolant outlet (4) is formed in the outer layer of the buffer, and a first valve (6) is arranged in a pipeline of the coolant outlet (4);
the reading container (11) is in sealed communication with the buffer container (1) and is positioned at the top end of the buffer container (1); the top of the reading container (11) is provided with an air outlet (5); a second valve (7) is arranged on a pipeline of the exhaust port (5);
the coolant outlet (4) is located above the coolant inlet (3).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the reading container is transparent and visible, and the reading container is provided with a scale.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the communication between the reading container and the buffer container is airtight within a pressure-resistant range.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the buffer container is made of organic glass or metal, does not react with the coolant, and has pressure resistance not lower than 0.2 MPa.
5. A method for measuring the air leakage of the water-permeable bipolar plate on line, which is characterized in that the method uses the device of claim 1, the coolant inlet (3) is connected with the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the coolant outlet (4) pipeline is connected to the coolant tank of a test bench or a system after being converged with the orifice of the air outlet (5);
opening a second valve (7), closing the first valve (6), filling the buffer container (1) and the reading container (11) with coolant, discharging the coolant through the exhaust port (5), and closing the second valve (7) when no gas remains in the buffer container and the reading container;
and opening the first valve (6), continuously introducing the coolant, and starting timing to collect the air leakage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011024674.7A CN112164813B (en) | 2020-09-25 | 2020-09-25 | Device and method for measuring air leakage of water-permeable bipolar plate on line |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011024674.7A CN112164813B (en) | 2020-09-25 | 2020-09-25 | Device and method for measuring air leakage of water-permeable bipolar plate on line |
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| CN112164813A CN112164813A (en) | 2021-01-01 |
| CN112164813B true CN112164813B (en) | 2021-09-24 |
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| CN104716359B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2017-04-12 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Membrane separation structure water separator for proton exchange membrane fuel cell and with water interception device |
| CN106887618B (en) * | 2015-12-12 | 2019-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of film separating structure water segregator for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101017105A (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-15 | 俞洪燕 | Gas-liquid polyphase flow separating rectifying device and measurement device thereof |
| CN101501909A (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2009-08-05 | Utc燃料电池有限责任公司 | Water management for a fuel cell |
| CN101530706A (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2009-09-16 | 清华大学 | Gas-liquid separation device based on refrigeration mode |
| CN104713689A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Air leakage detecting method for water-pervious bipolar plate in proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
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| CN109167088A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-08 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | The leak hunting method of bipolar plates in fuel cell pile |
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