CN100516803C - A vacuum leak detection device for fuel cell guide plate - Google Patents
A vacuum leak detection device for fuel cell guide plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN100516803C CN100516803C CNB2004100931067A CN200410093106A CN100516803C CN 100516803 C CN100516803 C CN 100516803C CN B2004100931067 A CNB2004100931067 A CN B2004100931067A CN 200410093106 A CN200410093106 A CN 200410093106A CN 100516803 C CN100516803 C CN 100516803C
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydride ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003701 mechanical milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种检测设备,尤其涉及一种用于燃料电池导流极板的真空检漏装置。The invention relates to a detection device, in particular to a vacuum leak detection device for a fuel cell guide plate.
背景技术 Background technique
燃料电池是一种能够将燃料与氧化剂发生电化学反应时产生的化学能转变成电能的装置。该装置的核心部件是膜电极(Membrane Electrode Assembly,简称MEA),膜电极由一张质子交换膜和夹在膜两面的两张可导电多孔性扩散材料(如碳纸)组成,在质子交换膜与导电材料接触的两边界面上均匀分布有细小分散的可引发电化学反应的催化剂(如金属铂)。膜电极两边用导电物体将发生电化学反应过程中产生的电子通过外电路引出,就构成了电流回路。A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy generated during the electrochemical reaction of fuel and oxidant into electrical energy. The core component of the device is the membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly, referred to as MEA). The membrane electrode consists of a proton exchange membrane and two conductive porous diffusion materials (such as carbon paper) sandwiched on both sides of the membrane. A finely dispersed catalyst (such as metal platinum) that can initiate an electrochemical reaction is evenly distributed on the two boundary surfaces that are in contact with the conductive material. On both sides of the membrane electrode, the electrons generated during the electrochemical reaction are drawn out through the external circuit with conductive objects, forming a current loop.
在膜电极的阳极端,燃料可以通过渗透穿过多孔性扩散材料(如碳纸),并在催化剂表面发生电化学反应,失去电子形成正离子,正离子可通过迁移穿过质子交换膜,到达膜电极的另一端一阴极端。在膜电极的阴极端,含有氧化剂(如氧气)的气体(如空气),通过渗透穿过多孔性扩散材料(如碳纸),并在催化剂表面发生电化学反应,得到电子形成负离子,该负离子进一步与从阳极端迁移过来的正离子结合,形成反应产物。At the anode end of the membrane electrode, the fuel can permeate through the porous diffusion material (such as carbon paper), and an electrochemical reaction occurs on the surface of the catalyst, losing electrons to form positive ions, which can migrate through the proton exchange membrane to reach The other end of the membrane electrode is the cathode end. At the cathode end of the membrane electrode, a gas (such as air) containing an oxidant (such as oxygen) penetrates through a porous diffusion material (such as carbon paper) and undergoes an electrochemical reaction on the surface of the catalyst to obtain electrons to form negative ions. It further combines with positive ions migrated from the anode end to form a reaction product.
在以氢气为燃料、以含有氧气的空气为氧化剂(或以纯氧为氧化剂)的质子交换膜燃料电池中,燃料氢气在阳极区发生失去电子的催化电化学反应,形成氢正离子(质子),其电化学反应方程式为:In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using hydrogen as fuel and oxygen-containing air as oxidant (or pure oxygen as oxidant), fuel hydrogen undergoes a catalytic electrochemical reaction in which electrons are lost in the anode region to form hydride ions (protons), Its electrochemical reaction equation is:
H2→2H++2eH 2 →2H + +2e
氧气在阴极区发生得到电子的催化电化学反应,形成负离子,该负离子进一步与从阳极端迁移过来的氢正离子结合,形成反应产物水。其电化学反应方程式为:Oxygen undergoes a catalytic electrochemical reaction in the cathode region to obtain electrons to form negative ions, which are further combined with hydrogen positive ions migrated from the anode terminal to form the reaction product water. Its electrochemical reaction equation is:
1/2O2+2H++2e→H2O1/2O 2 +2H + +2e→H 2 O
燃料电池中的质子交换膜除了用于发生电化学反应以及迁移交换反应中产生的质子外,其作用还包括将含有燃料氢气的气流与含有氧化剂(氧气)的气流分隔开来,使它们不会相互混合而产生爆炸式反应。The proton exchange membrane in the fuel cell is not only used for the electrochemical reaction and the protons generated in the transfer exchange reaction, but also to separate the gas flow containing fuel hydrogen from the gas flow containing oxidant (oxygen) so that they do not Will mix with each other to produce an explosive reaction.
在典型的质子交换膜燃料电池中,膜电极一般放在两块导电的极板之间,两极板上均开设有导流槽,因此又称作导流极板。导流槽开设在与膜电极接触的表面上,通过压铸、冲压或机械铣刻形成,其数量在一条以上。导流极板可以由金属材料制成,也可以由石墨材料制成。导流极板上的导流槽的作用是将燃料或氧化剂分别导入膜电极两边的阳极区或阴极区。在一个质子交换膜燃料电池单电池的构造中,只存在一个膜电极和两块导流极板,两块导流极板分设在膜电极两边,一个作为阳极燃料的导流极板,另一个作为阴极氧化剂的导流极板。这两块导流极板既作为电流集流板,也是膜电极两边的机械支撑。导流极板上的导流槽既是燃料或氧化剂进入阳极或阴极表面的通道,也是将电池运行过程中生成的水带走的出水通道。In a typical proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the membrane electrode is generally placed between two conductive plates, and diversion grooves are opened on both plates, so it is also called a diversion plate. The diversion groove is opened on the surface in contact with the membrane electrode, formed by die-casting, stamping or mechanical milling, and its number is more than one. The guide plate can be made of metal material or graphite material. The function of the diversion groove on the diversion plate is to introduce fuel or oxidant into the anode area or cathode area on both sides of the membrane electrode respectively. In the structure of a single proton exchange membrane fuel cell, there is only one membrane electrode and two guide plates, and the two guide plates are arranged on both sides of the membrane electrode, one is used as the guide plate for the anode fuel, and the other As a guide plate for cathode oxidant. These two guide plates are not only used as current collector plates, but also as mechanical support on both sides of the membrane electrode. The diversion groove on the diversion plate is not only a channel for fuel or oxidant to enter the surface of the anode or cathode, but also a water outlet channel to take away the water generated during the operation of the battery.
为了增大质子交换膜燃料电池的功率,通常将两个或两个以上的单电池通过直叠的方式或平铺的方式连在一起组成电池组,或称作电池堆。这种电池组通常通过前端板、后端板及拉杆紧固在一起成为一体。在电池组中,位于两质子交换膜之间的极板的两面都设有导流槽,称为双极板。双极板的其中一面作为一个膜电极的阳极导流面,另一面则作为另一个相邻膜电极的阴极导流面。一个典型的电池组通常还包括:1)、燃料及氧化剂气体的进口和导流通道。其作用是将燃料(如氢气、甲醇或由甲醇、天然气、汽油经重整后得到的富氢气体)和氧化剂(主要是氧气或空气)均匀地分布到各个阳极、阴极面的导流槽中;2)、冷却流体(如水)的进、出口与导流通道。其作用是将冷却流体均匀地分布到各个电池组内的冷却通道中,吸收燃料电池内产生的反应热并将其带出电池组进行散热;3)、燃料与氧化剂气体的出口与导流通道。其作用是将没有参与反应的多余燃料气体和氧化剂排出,同时将反应生成的液态或气态的水带出。上述燃料进出口、氧化剂进出口和冷却流体的进出口通常都开设在燃料电池组的一个端板上或分别开设在两个端板上。In order to increase the power of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, two or more single cells are usually connected together in a straight stacked or tiled manner to form a cell group, or called a cell stack. Such a battery pack is usually fastened together by a front end plate, a rear end plate and a pull rod to form a whole. In the battery pack, the two sides of the pole plate between the two proton exchange membranes are provided with diversion grooves, which are called bipolar plates. One side of the bipolar plate is used as the anode flow guide surface of one membrane electrode, and the other side is used as the cathode flow guide surface of another adjacent membrane electrode. A typical battery pack usually also includes: 1), inlets and diversion channels for fuel and oxidant gases. Its function is to evenly distribute fuel (such as hydrogen, methanol, or hydrogen-rich gas obtained by reforming methanol, natural gas, and gasoline) and oxidant (mainly oxygen or air) into the diversion grooves on each anode and cathode surface ; 2), the inlet, outlet and diversion channel of cooling fluid (such as water). Its function is to evenly distribute the cooling fluid to the cooling channels in each battery pack, absorb the reaction heat generated in the fuel cell and take it out of the battery pack for heat dissipation; 3), the outlet and guide channel of fuel and oxidant gas . Its function is to discharge the excess fuel gas and oxidant that did not participate in the reaction, and at the same time take out the liquid or gaseous water generated by the reaction. The above-mentioned fuel inlet and outlet, oxidant inlet and outlet and cooling fluid inlet and outlet are usually set on one end plate of the fuel cell stack or respectively set on two end plates.
质子交换膜燃料电池可用作车、船等运载工具的动力系统,又可制作成手提式、移动式或固定式的发电装置。Proton exchange membrane fuel cells can be used as power systems for vehicles, ships and other vehicles, and can also be made into portable, mobile or fixed power generation devices.
导流极板是燃料电池的关键部件,其质量的好坏对整个燃料电池的性能尤为重要,导流极板是燃料氢气、氧化剂空气及冷却流体的导流场,如果各种流体发生互相渗漏,则将大大降低燃料电池的发电性能,甚至发生爆炸,也就是说,导流极板是绝对不能有渗漏现象的,因此,检测导流极板是否渗漏是对导流极板进行质量把关的重要一环。在实际生产中,必须对每一块导流极板进行是否渗漏的质量检测,严格把关,因此,必须设计一种既能快速又能准确地对导流极板进行检漏的装置,以确保导流极板的质量。目前,对导流极板的检测都是靠人工目测,等导流极板组装后发现问题再进行更换,这给燃料电池的组装和生产带来很大麻烦,而且效率很低。The guide plate is a key component of the fuel cell, and its quality is particularly important to the performance of the entire fuel cell. The guide plate is the guide field for fuel hydrogen, oxidant air and cooling fluid. If there is leakage, the power generation performance of the fuel cell will be greatly reduced, and even an explosion will occur. That is to say, there must be no leakage of the diversion plate. An important part of quality control. In actual production, it is necessary to check the quality of each guide plate for leakage and strictly control it. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device that can quickly and accurately detect leaks on the guide plate to ensure The quality of the guide plate. At present, the detection of the guide plate is based on manual visual inspection, and the guide plate is replaced after the problem is found after assembly, which brings a lot of trouble to the assembly and production of the fuel cell, and the efficiency is very low.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的就是为了提供一种高效的用于燃料电池导流极板的真空检漏装置。The object of the present invention is to provide an efficient vacuum leak detection device for the fuel cell guide plate.
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:一种用于燃料电池导流极板的真空检漏装置,其特征在于,包括上板、移动板、底板、导柱,所述的移动板设在上板与底板之间并被导柱贯穿且沿其上下移动。The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a vacuum leak detection device for fuel cell guide plates, characterized in that it includes an upper plate, a moving plate, a bottom plate, and guide posts, and the moving plate is set Between the upper plate and the bottom plate, it is penetrated by the guide pillar and moves up and down along it.
所述的上板设有真空表、旋转阀、上检测板,所述的上检测板两端分别连接真空表、旋转阀,所述的旋转阀的另一端连接外设的真空泵。The upper board is provided with a vacuum gauge, a rotary valve, and an upper detection board. Two ends of the upper detection board are respectively connected to the vacuum gauge and the rotary valve, and the other end of the rotary valve is connected to a peripheral vacuum pump.
所述的移动板的上平面中间固定一块下检测板,该下检测板设有一中心孔,通过该中心孔连接一管子到一装有水的透明容器中,该透明容器上端开有两个孔,分别供两根管子插入,其中一根管子的一端插入水中,另一端直通大气,另一根管子的一端与下检测板的中心孔相连,另一端接入透明容器上端。A lower detection board is fixed in the middle of the upper plane of the moving board, and the lower detection board is provided with a central hole through which a pipe is connected to a transparent container filled with water, and the upper end of the transparent container is provided with two holes , for two tubes to be inserted respectively, one end of one tube is inserted into the water, the other end is directly connected to the atmosphere, one end of the other tube is connected to the center hole of the lower test plate, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the transparent container.
所述的底板设有气缸、气动开关,所述的气缸的活塞杆顶部固定于移动板下平面,并由此活塞杆带动移动板上下移动。The bottom plate is provided with a cylinder and a pneumatic switch. The top of the piston rod of the cylinder is fixed on the lower plane of the moving plate, and the piston rod drives the moving plate to move up and down.
所述的导柱设有四根,该四根导柱的上、下部分别由螺母固定在上板、底板上。There are four guide posts, and the upper and lower parts of the four guide posts are respectively fixed on the upper plate and the bottom plate by nuts.
所述的下检测板的上平面设有一块与导流极板所需检测区域相对应的平面橡皮密封圈。The upper plane of the lower detection plate is provided with a flat rubber sealing ring corresponding to the detection area required by the guide plate.
所述的气缸的活塞杆顶部通过螺纹连接法兰,该法兰由螺栓固定于移动板下平面,并由此活塞杆带动移动板上下移动。The top of the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the flange through threads, and the flange is fixed on the lower plane of the moving plate by bolts, and the piston rod drives the moving plate to move up and down.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
如图1所示,一种用于燃料电池导流极板的真空检漏装置,主要有上板1、底板2,中间为上下移动板3,由四根导柱4贯穿移动板3,两端由螺母(图未示)固定上板1、底板2。As shown in Figure 1, a vacuum leak detection device for fuel cell guide plates mainly includes an
上板1装有真空表11、旋转阀12、上检测板13,在上检测板13两端连接真空表11和旋转阀12,旋转阀12的另一端连接管子于真空泵(外设部件,图未示)。The
移动板3上平面中间固定一块粘贴与导流极板所需检测区域相对应的平面密封橡皮(图未示,本实施例的平面密封橡皮为八角型)的下检测板31。此下检测板31中心孔(图未示)连接管子到一只较小的透明容器32上端,此透明容器32上端开两个孔分别与两根管子33、34相接,一根管子33上端与大气相通,下端管口插在水下100mm处,另一根管子34为由中心孔引出的,其末端插在透明容器32的上端。In the middle of the upper plane of the
底板2主要安装气缸21和气动开关22。气缸21活塞杆顶部通过螺纹连接法兰,该法兰用螺栓固定于移动板下平面(图未示出),由此活塞杆带动移动板3上下移动。The
本发明的主要工作原理:Main working principle of the present invention:
首先打开连接空气压缩机的调压为0.5~0.6Mpa,气动开关开到气缸活塞回缩,带动移动板向下,然后把导流极板放在检测板平面密封橡皮上,开启气缸向上与上板检测板压紧,这样使导流极板四周两平面同时接触,处于密封状态。再开启真空泵于5mm水银柱,打开上板的旋转阀,使真空泵抽去导流极板与检测板之间空气,使真空表压力与真空泵压力同步。然后把旋转阀关闭,目测真空表压力有何变动,如真空表针不动,透明容器小管子不起水泡,说明导流极板质量很好,不漏。反之如果真空表压力指针下降,透明容器小管子冒泡,说明导流极板不合格漏气。检测完,气动开关反转,使活塞回缩,取出导流极板,再检测下一块导流极板。First, open the air compressor to adjust the pressure to 0.5~0.6Mpa, open the pneumatic switch until the cylinder piston retracts, drive the moving plate downward, then place the diversion plate on the flat sealing rubber of the detection plate, and open the cylinder upward and upward. The plate detection plate is pressed tightly, so that the two planes around the guide plate are in contact with each other at the same time, and are in a sealed state. Then turn on the vacuum pump at 5 mm mercury column, open the rotary valve on the upper plate, and make the vacuum pump pump out the air between the guide plate and the detection plate, so that the pressure of the vacuum gauge is synchronized with the pressure of the vacuum pump. Then close the rotary valve, and visually observe any changes in the pressure of the vacuum gauge. If the needle of the vacuum gauge does not move, and the small tube of the transparent container does not have bubbles, it means that the quality of the diversion plate is very good and does not leak. Conversely, if the pressure pointer of the vacuum gauge drops and the small tube of the transparent container bubbles, it means that the guide plate is unqualified and leaks. After the detection, the pneumatic switch is reversed, the piston is retracted, the diversion plate is taken out, and the next diversion plate is detected.
如真空压力下降,透明容器小管不冒泡,可能是导流极板没有放到正确位置或装置密封出问题。所以用此装置检测导流极板的质量合格与不合格很有保证,效率也提高几倍。If the vacuum pressure drops and the small tube of the transparent container does not bubble, it may be that the guide plate is not placed in the correct position or there is a problem with the sealing of the device. Therefore, it is very guaranteed to use this device to detect whether the quality of the guide plate is qualified or not, and the efficiency is also increased several times.
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CNB2004100931067A CN100516803C (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2004-12-16 | A vacuum leak detection device for fuel cell guide plate |
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CN101498614B (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2010-11-10 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Leak detection method and apparatus for solid oxidized fuel cell |
CN101514937B (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2010-10-06 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | Engine water pump leakage detecting device |
CN102087161B (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-09-12 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Water jacket tightness detection device and method for bipolar plate of fuel cell |
CN109932142A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A fuel cell bipolar plate and MEA leak detection device, bipolar plate resistance drop measurement device |
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