CN104708177A - Measuring device and measuring method for argon tungsten-arc welding arc force - Google Patents
Measuring device and measuring method for argon tungsten-arc welding arc force Download PDFInfo
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- CN104708177A CN104708177A CN201510044622.9A CN201510044622A CN104708177A CN 104708177 A CN104708177 A CN 104708177A CN 201510044622 A CN201510044622 A CN 201510044622A CN 104708177 A CN104708177 A CN 104708177A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring device and a measuring method for argon tungsten-arc welding arc force, and belongs to the technical field of arcs. The measuring device comprises a balance plate, a balancing weight, a support plate, an asbestos heat insulating piece, fixing bolts, a cross-shaped laser, a spring, a limiting rod, a fixing clamp, a level bubble, bearing seats, deep groove ball bearings, linear bearings, a bearing rod, a support frame and a scaleplate. The measuring device is mainly used for measuring the arc force of argon tungsten-arc welding and the measuring method based on the argon tungsten-arc welding, and can achieve the measurement of welding arc force of common metal materials. The measuring principle is based on the lever law and the Hooke law, the measuring process is simple and easy to do, and the measuring error small. According to the measuring device and the measuring method for the argon tungsten-arc welding arc force, the arc force generated by the metal materials and the arcs under the interaction can be truly reflected; the limitation that a water-cooled copper plate with small holes is used as a measuring block is improved, and the measuring result is more real; meanwhile, the interference of an electromagnetic field is avoided when a sensor is used for measuring.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arc technology field, be applied to and analyze the comprehensive function of Gas Tungsten Arc Welding electric arc, be specifically related to a kind of tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc force test device and method.
Background technology
Argon tungsten-arc welding is applicable to the welding of most metal and alloy, the metal of available Tig Welding and alloy comprise carbon steel, steel alloy, stainless steel, heat-resisting alloy, refractory metal, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, nickel alloy, titanium alloy and zircaloy etc., and welding quality is higher.Along with the requirement of producing and put into practice, on the basis of argon tungsten-arc welding, pulsed argon arc welding, active argon arc welding etc. have also been obtained and apply rapidly.The quality of physical characters of arc butt welded seam and shapingly serve very important impact.Wherein the research of arc force is one of emphasis, difficult point.Arc force affects the geometry, appearance of weld etc. in molten bath, so finally also determine the quality of welding point.The measurement means research of visible arc pressure has great significance to the quality improving welding pool pattern and raising welding point.
The domestic and international method of testing to arc force is probably divided into two kinds: one to be use glass-tube barometric surveying at present, and the method is to converse arc force with U-tube liquid level difference.Two is the continuous mode methods adopting pressure sensor.Both have its advantage, the former operates intuitively fairly simple, is easy to realize, and latter can realize real-time measurement.But above two kinds of methods also respectively have its weak point.Glass-tube barometric surveying generally uses water-cooled copper plate with holes as test block, not only can not reflect the real material of welding and the interactively of electric arc, and aperture also can produce certain impact to electric arc.Especially when carrying out the test of active argon arc welding arc force, aperture portion can not apply activating agent.And the continuous mode method equipment adopting sensor is comparatively complicated and relatively expensive, and when keeping away unavoidable welding, high temperature is on the impact of sensor, and the electromagnetic interaction simultaneously in welding process also can have certain influence to its result.Therefore find a kind of rational arc force method of testing and there is important actual application value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of device and method testing arc force, be mainly used in argon tungsten-arc welding and based on the welding method of argon tungsten-arc welding as the measurement of the arc force of active argon arc welding, pulsed argon arc welding etc., the measurement of common metal material welding arc power can be realized.Measuring principle is based on lever law and Hooke's law, and measuring process is simple, and measure error is little.
The measurement mechanism of a kind of tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc power provided by the invention, described measurement mechanism includes passive bracing frame, be processed with slideway, the aluminium alloy cuboid balance plate of counterweight tank, two bearing blocks be connected with bracing frame, two coordinate the deep groove ball bearing installed with bearing block, be arranged on reeded two linear bearings of band in balance plate slideway, with deep groove ball bearing on bearing block and the supporting bearing rod of linear bearing, device is made to maintain the balancing weight of balance, be arranged on electric arc working end and play the supporting plate of support effect with fixing aperture, be arranged on the asbestos heat Insulation film playing heat-blocking action between supporting plate and balance plate, connection supporting plate and balance plate also play the set bolt of electric action, be arranged on the cross laser device of the balance plate other end, be arranged on spirit bubble balance plate rising and monitors whether level, connect the spring of bracing frame and balance plate end, play geometrical clamp that is fixing and clamping action, prevent in test process because arc force (or gas blowing force) effect causes electric arc working end to produce the gag lever post of up-down vibration, measure the scale of numerical value.Measurement mechanism is provided with supporting plate and is lined with asbestos heat Insulation film between supporting plate and balance plate on electric arc working end, be drilled with the aperture of same size between supporting plate, asbestos heat Insulation film and balance plate and fixed with set bolt, making balance plate can bear high temperature and still can not form current loop by the impact of heat-barrier material again.Use the reaction arc force that the spring in described measurement mechanism can be very precisely sensitive.Counterweight tank and balancing weight not only can balance sysmtes and can offset gas shielded arc welding gas blowing force.Arc force acts on the opposite side of measuring junction, is indirectly measured by balance plate, solves the problem that high-temperature electric arc can not directly act on measuring junction.
The present invention also provides a kind of measuring method of tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc power, and described measuring method comprises the following steps:
The first step, is placed on test block on supporting plate, and the slideway of adjustment plate and the relative position of linear bearing also carry out counterweight and make testing arrangement be in poised state (watching spirit bubble state), and make spring be in micro-tensioning state;
Second step, measuring spring upper extreme point is to the vertical range l of bearing rod axis respectively
1and balance plate arcing end is to the vertical range l of bearing rod axis
2.Measure the bearing rod axis distance L to scale, and mark cross laser and be radiated at initial number A on scale
1;
3rd step, opens welding gun power supply, adjusts welding parameter and record;
By welding gun, arc force is acted on test block, and welding gun to move perpendicular to balance plate major axis with even speed level.Observe and the reading A recorded on scale
2;
4th step, closes welding gun power supply, is taken off by test block from testing arrangement;
5th step, calculates arc force;
According to twice difference of reading Δ=A on scale
2-A
1, tan δ=(Δ)/L, tan δ=Δ '/l
1, try to achieve the variation delta of spring under arc force effect '.Spring force F is tried to achieve according to Hooke's law
1=K Δ ', then by lever law F
1l
1=Fcos δ l
2, obtaining arc force is F.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the present invention breaks through arc force measuring method in the past, application lever principle and Hooke's law, simply and measure the size of arc force accurately.
2. be placed on supporting plate by sample, electric arc directly acts on metal material, can the arc force that produces under interacting of reacting metal material and electric arc really; Improve the limitation using narrow meshed water-cooled copper plate as test block, measurement result is truer; Meanwhile, the interference of electromagnetic field when using sensor measurement is avoided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of non-melt pole electrical arc force test device;
Fig. 2 is the generalized section of the supporting plate of arcing end, asbestos heat Insulation film and balance plate;
The principle schematic of Fig. 3 position non-melt pole electrical arc force test device.
In figure:
| 1. balance plate; | 2. balancing weight; | 3. supporting plate; | 4. asbestos heat Insulation film; | 5. set bolt; |
| 6. cross laser device; | 7. spring; | 8. gag lever post; | 9. geometrical clamp; | 10. spirit bubble; |
| 11. bearing blocks; | 12. deep groove ball bearings; | 13. linear bearings; | 14. bearing rods; | 15. bracing frames; |
| 16. welding guns; | 17. test blocks; | 18. scales; | 19. supports. |
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, the measurement mechanism and measuring method thereof that the invention provides tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc power are described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the measurement mechanism of tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc power provided by the invention comprises balance plate 1, balancing weight 2, supporting plate 3, asbestos heat Insulation film 4, set bolt 5, cross laser device 6, spring 7, gag lever post 8, geometrical clamp 9, spirit bubble 10, bearing block 11, deep groove ball bearing 12, linear bearing 13, bearing rod 14, bracing frame 15 and scale 18.
Balance plate 1 is aluminium alloy cuboid (interior hollow) structure, by balance plate 1 two sides respectively with the slideway 101 of angle grinding machine processing 27mm*100mm, is used for the balance of adjustment plate 1 and the length of the arm of force; Slideway 101 both sides are respectively working end and the measuring junction of balance plate 1, wherein, be processed with linear grooves below the measuring junction of balance plate 1 and be used for hanging spring 7, it is middle with gripper shoe 15 that spring 7 vertically hangs over balance plate 1, when described balance plate 1 is in level, spring 7 is in extended state and parts a little tightly; Cross laser device 6, balancing weight 2 and spirit bubble 10 is from left to right set gradually above the measuring junction of balance plate 1; The working end upper surface of balance plate 1 sets gradually asbestos heat Insulation film 4 and supporting plate 3 from top to bottom, and supporting plate 3 is used for support test block 17.Described balance plate 1, asbestos heat Insulation film 4 and supporting plate 3 are connected and fixed by two set bolts 5, as shown in Figure 2, set bolt 5 two ends attaching nut, set bolt 5 solves between supporting plate 3 and balance plate 1 and is mingled with asbestos heat Insulation film 4, the problem of current loop can not be formed, play electric action.
Described balancing weight 2 adopts standard test weight, suitably puts into counterweight tank 102, with the weight of balancing side test block 17.Described counterweight tank 102 is of a size of 50mm*50mm, processes on balance plate 1 near the surface measured.
Described supporting plate 3 adopts the thick Q235 steel plate of 3mm, is processed into the size of 70mm*50mm.Described asbestos heat Insulation film 4 is that 6mm is thick, is cut into 70mm*30mm tabular.Asbestos heat Insulation film 4, in order to the high temperature produced during isolated welding, avoids aluminium alloy balance plate 1 electric arc working end to melt.Cross laser device 6 irradiation distance is 3 ~ 4m, is fixed on the measuring junction of balance plate 1 and connects power supply; Its cross laser line is irradiated on scale 18, can facilitate readout value.Spring 7 elastic stiffness K scope 0.1 ~ 0.3N/mm, can calculate the size of arc force indirectly according to its Flexible change amount in measuring process.Gag lever post 8 two ends are fixed on the support in gripper shoe 15, within height distance balance plate 1 upper surface 1mm, 3cm on the right side of distance bearing rod 14, when gag lever post 8 is to prevent arcing on test block 17, makes test block 17 directly contact adhesion with tungsten electrode because balance plate 1 produces vibration.Geometrical clamp 9 uses 3mm steel plate, is cut into two 30mm*50mm plates respectively, as intermediate plate.Utilize Linear cut at the circular hole of its centre processing 29mm, at its two ends processing 6mm circular hole.Two long bolts are each passed through 6mm circular hole two intermediate plates are connected, and adopt fastening nuts; The circular hole of middle 29mm is used for fixing linear bearing 13.Geometrical clamp 9 is used for clamping balance plate 1 and linear bearing 13, prevents slip after adjustment balance.Whether spirit bubble 10 is in poised state to observe balance plate 1.Bearing block 11 internal diameter is 29mm, for installing deep groove ball bearing 12 and playing a supporting role, deep groove ball bearing 12 external diameter is 29mm, and internal diameter is 20mm, can reduce system because friction and produce error, with bearing block 11 with the use of, linear bearing 13 external diameter is 29mm, internal diameter 20mm, length is 30mm, and be processed with groove, described linear bearing 13 has two, be enclosed within two intermediate plates of geometrical clamp 9 respectively, the end of linear bearing 13 outer wall is processed with a circle groove simultaneously, depth of groove 1mm (described groove also can be understood as the extension of the diameter 27mm being linear bearing 13 end), slideway 101 on such balance plate 1 just can with the matching ends of described groove, limit the movement of balance plate 1 at linear bearing 13 axis direction, and frictional force when can reduce adjustment plate 1 arm of force length.Bearing rod 14 length 400mm, diameter is 20mm, and chrome-faced makes surfaces slippery enough.Bracing frame 15 uses Q235 steel plate, bracing frame 15 and support 19 is coupled together by manual electric arc welding.Welding gun 16 is placed on dolly, ensures at the steady uniform motion of measurement process of the test.The test plate (panel) that test block 17 is selected actual metallics to be measured to be processed into thickness to be less than the 100mm*30mm of 10mm.Length 1 meter selected by scale 18, and minimum range is the ruler of 0.5mm.
As shown in Figure 1, bracing frame 15 is provided with a pair vertical rack 19, diaxon bearing 11 is arranged on two supports 19 respectively, is carried out coordinating respectively by two deep groove ball bearings 12 install with two bearing blocks 11; Two linear bearings 13 are arranged in the slideway 101 of balance plate 1 two sides respectively; Be enclosed within by geometrical clamp 9 on linear bearing 13, bearing rod 14 is through two side slideways 101 on balance plate 1, and two ends are separately fixed at the deep groove ball bearing 12 of both sides with on linear bearing 13.
Based on above-mentioned measurement mechanism, the present invention also provides a kind of measuring method, composition graphs 3, and described measuring method comprises the following steps:
The first step, test block 17 is placed on supporting plate 3, the slideway 101 of adjustment plate 1 also carries out counterweight by balancing weight 2, makes test macro be in poised state (viewing spirit bubble 10 state), and makes spring 7 be in micro-tensioning state (extended state);
Second step, in the state of the equilibrium, measuring spring 7 is to the vertical range l of bearing rod 14 axis respectively
1and balance plate 1 electric arc working end is to the vertical range l of bearing rod 14 axis
2.As shown in Figure 3, measure the bearing rod 14 axis distance L to scale 18, and mark cross laser device 6 and be radiated at initial value A on scale 18
1;
3rd step, opens welding gun 16 power supply, adjusts welding parameter and record; Described welding parameter comprises welding current and speed etc.
Welding gun 16 is with even speed level and move perpendicular to balance plate 1 major axis, and arc force F is acted on test block 17, and arc force direction straight down.Balance plate 1 working end is stressed verts downwards, and measuring junction rising working end declines, and observes and record the reading A on now scale 18 after stable
2;
4th step, closes welding gun 16 power supply, is taken off by test block 17 above test macro;
5th step, calculates;
Known by Fig. 3, number of degrees difference DELTA=A before and after on scale 18
2-A
1, tan δ=(Δ)/L, tan δ=Δ '/l
1, δ is balance plate 1 deflection angle, try to achieve the length variations amount Δ of spring 7 under arc force F effect '.Try to achieve the elastic force F of spring 7
1=K Δ ', then by lever law F
1l
1=Fcos δ l
2(under the effect of arc force, balance plate 1 has deflected a low-angle δ, so the arc force acting on balance plate 1 right-hand member is Fcos δ, cos δ ≈ 1), obtaining arc force is F.
In order to make measurement more accurate, need in measuring process to follow following principle:
1. bearing block 11 and bearing class (comprising deep groove ball bearing 12 and linear bearing 13) want regular coating lubricating oil, less to ensure friction;
2., when loss occurs high temperature action bottom plate 3, supporting plate 3 need be regularly replaced;
3. scale 18 is put and must be vertically placed on the major axis extended line of balance plate 1, and be positioned at cross laser device dead ahead, and the distance between bearing rod 14 remains 3m, ensure that cross laser line can be radiated on scale 18, all the time so that error when reducing measuring distance;
4. same test need repeat more than 3 times, gives up the larger value of error and calculates mean value;
5. gag lever post 8 installation site strictly must control balance plate 1 electric arc end in balance or balance with upper/lower positions, otherwise owing to can contact with tungsten electrode when arc force effect balance plate 1 vibrates;
6. geometrical clamp 9 will be tightened after adjustment equilbrium position, prevents balance plate 1 double swerve from affecting measurement result;
7. balancing weight 2 is placed in counterweight tank 102 and must stablizes, and prevents from rocking the impact on measurement result.
Embodiment 1 Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Arc Force meansurement
Test supporting plate 3 adopts Q235 steel plate, and the welding parameter of argon tungsten-arc welding is as table 1, and the elastic stiffness of spring 7 is selected as 0.1N/mm.
Table 1 argon tungsten-arc welding process parameter
| Welding current | Tungsten electrode diameter | Speed of welding | Arc length | Argon flow amount | Tungsten electrode wedge angle | Tungsten electrode material | Ceramic nozzle |
| 145A | 2.0mm | 120mm/min | 3.5mm | 6L/min | 45° | Cerium tungsten electrode | 8# |
Scale 18 distance between bearing bar 14 axial line distance L is 3m.Test block 17 is placed on supporting plate 3, in counterweight tank 102, adds counterweight (balancing weight 2) and regulate the relative position between slideway 101 and linear bearing 13 to make balance plate 1 to poised state, recording l
1for 300mm, l
2for 600mm.Record the reading A on now scale 18
1for 153mm.Open argon tungsten-arc welding power supply, adjust welding parameter and weld.Cross laser on scale 18 starts reading when tending towards stability, and records now reading A on scale 18
2for 201.5mm.Disconnect the source of welding current, take off test block 17.Carry out data preparation.Reading variation delta on scale 18 is 48.5mm, by tan δ=(Δ)/L, tan δ=Δ '/l
1,try to achieve the variation delta of spring 7 ' be 4.85mm.So spring force F
1=0.1N/mm*4.85mm=0.485N.According to formula F
1l
1=Fcos α l
2, trying to achieve arc force F is 0.243N.Embodiment 2 activating-tungsten inert gas welding arc force is tested
Test supporting plate 3 adopts Q235 steel plate, and the welding parameter of argon tungsten-arc welding is as table 1, and the elastic stiffness of spring 7 is selected as 0.1N/mm.The main component of activating agent is TiO
2, Cr
2o
3, ZrO
2and CaF
2deng.Before test, Agent Powder acetone is reconciled into solution, be then coated on supporting plate 3 equably with flat hairbrush, in coating process, ensure the uniformity applied as much as possible.L, l in test
1, l
2all constant, make device be in poised state by balancing weight 2.Initial reading A now on scale 18
1for 153mm.Open argon tungsten-arc welding power supply, adjust welding parameter and weld.Cross laser on scale 18 starts reading when tending towards stability, and records now reading A
2for 224mm.By tan δ=(Δ)/L, tan δ=Δ '/l
1,try to achieve the variation delta of spring ' be 7.1mm.So spring force F
1=0.1N/mm*7.1mm=0.71N.According to formula F
1l
1=Fcos α l
2, trying to achieve arc force F is 0.355N.
Claims (3)
1. a measurement mechanism for tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc power, is characterized in that: described measurement mechanism comprises balance plate, balancing weight, supporting plate, asbestos heat Insulation film, set bolt, cross laser device, spring, gag lever post, geometrical clamp, spirit bubble, bearing block, deep groove ball bearing, linear bearing, bearing rod, bracing frame and scale;
Bracing frame is provided with a pair vertical rack, diaxon bearing is arranged on two supports respectively, is carried out coordinating respectively by two deep groove ball bearings install with two bearing blocks; Two linear bearings are arranged in the slideway of balance plate two sides respectively; Two of geometrical clamp intermediate plates are enclosed within two linear bearings respectively, bearing rod through two side slideways on balance plate, on the deep groove ball bearing that two ends are separately fixed at both sides and linear bearing;
Balance plate is cuboid hollow-core construction, two sides process slideway respectively, balance plate two ends are respectively electric arc working end and measuring junction, wherein, spring is hung below measuring junction, spring vertically hangs in the middle of balance plate and gripper shoe, from left to right sets gradually cross laser device, balancing weight and spirit bubble above the measuring junction of balance plate; The working end upper surface of balance plate sets gradually asbestos heat Insulation film and supporting plate from top to bottom, and supporting plate is used for support test block; Described balance plate, asbestos heat Insulation film and supporting plate are connected and fixed by two set bolts, set bolt two ends attaching nut;
Gag lever post two ends are fixed on support on the supporting plate, within height distance balance plate upper surface 1mm, and 3cm on the right side of distance bearing rod; Scale is vertically placed on the major axis extended line of balance plate, and is positioned at cross laser device dead ahead, ensures that cross laser line is radiated on scale all the time;
When described balance plate is in level, spring is in extended state tensioning.
2. the measurement mechanism of a kind of tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc power according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described supporting plate and bracing frame adopt Q235 steel plate, spring stiffness K scope 0.1 ~ 0.3N/mm.
3. a measuring method for tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc power, is characterized in that: described measuring method comprises the following steps,
The first step, is placed on test block on supporting plate, and the slideway of adjustment plate and the relative position of linear bearing also carry out counterweight and make testing arrangement be in poised state, and make spring be in tensioning state;
Second step, measuring spring upper extreme point is to the vertical range l of bearing rod axis respectively
1and balance plate arcing end is to the vertical range l of bearing rod axis
2; Measure the bearing rod axis distance L to scale, and mark cross laser and be radiated at initial number A on scale
1;
3rd step, opens welding gun power supply, adjusts welding parameter and record;
By welding gun, arc force is acted on test block, and welding gun moves perpendicular to balance plate major axis with even speed level, observe and the reading A that records on scale after stable
2;
4th step, closes welding gun power supply, is taken off by test block;
5th step, calculates arc force;
According to twice difference of reading Δ=A on scale
2-A
1, tan δ=(Δ)/L, tan δ=Δ '/l
1, try to achieve the variation delta of spring under arc force effect ', try to achieve spring force F according to Hooke's law
1=K Δ ', then by lever law F
1l
1=Fcos δ l
2, obtaining arc force is F.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510044622.9A CN104708177B (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-01-28 | A kind of measurement apparatus of tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc power and measuring method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510044622.9A CN104708177B (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-01-28 | A kind of measurement apparatus of tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc power and measuring method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104708177B CN104708177B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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ID=53408179
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Cited By (3)
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| CN106289608A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-01-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of apparatus and method measuring welding arc axial force |
| CN109190260A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry Three dimensional transient simulation method |
| CN113966066A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-21 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Working platform and method for realizing target rod swinging of stripped target in narrow space |
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| CN113966066A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-21 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Working platform and method for realizing target rod swinging of stripped target in narrow space |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104708177B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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