CN104700697B - Simulation system of human respiratory tract - Google Patents
Simulation system of human respiratory tract Download PDFInfo
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- CN104700697B CN104700697B CN201510116132.5A CN201510116132A CN104700697B CN 104700697 B CN104700697 B CN 104700697B CN 201510116132 A CN201510116132 A CN 201510116132A CN 104700697 B CN104700697 B CN 104700697B
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- signal
- butterfly valve
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- test lung
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/288—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for artificial respiration or heart massage
Abstract
The invention provides a simulation system of a human respiratory tract. The simulation system comprises a multi-channel sleep detector, a signal receiving and processing device, an elastic seal adjustable butterfly valve, a butterfly valve electric actuating mechanism, a simulated lung, a simulated lung electric actuating mechanism, a simulated respiratory tract and a breathing machine to be tested. According to the simulation system provided by the invention, true human signals acquired by the multi-channel sleep detector are used for carrying out input control, and a breathing system can be personated better, therefore a central sleep respiration event and a obstructive sleep respiration event can be simulated respectively, and a mixed sleep respiration event can be reflected; meanwhile, a pipeline provided with the adjustable butterfly valve is taken as a simulated air path, under-jaw myoelectricity is taken as the input of the adjustable butterfly valve, and the opening degree of the butterfly valve is controlled to simulate the collapse degree of the air way, therefore a true human sleep respiration event can be precisely input to a breathing machine, and the online adjustment of the collapse degree of an upper air way can be realized; furthermore, the true human sleep respiration event can be simulated to effectively test and design the responding speed and precision of the breathing event by the breathing machine, therefore the research and development period can be shortened, and the capacity of the breather can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of medical instruments, is specifically related to a kind of human respiratory tract's analogue system.
Background technology
In respirator field tests, pressure-responsive of the respirator to respiration case is tested, to adjust respirator output in time
It is a requisite step that pressure improves respirator treatment effect.
Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome（Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome, SAHS）Send out in recent years
Sick rate gradually rises, and refers to asphyxia recurrent exerbation more than 30 times or sleep apnea low in sleep procedure every night
Index（AHI）>=5 times/hour and with the clinical symptoms such as drowsiness.Maincenter type is divided in its morbidity（CSAS）, obstructive type（OSAS）
With mixed type（MSAS）Three kinds.This disease can cause occur snoring during patient sleeps and with asphyxia and/or hypopnea
（Low pass gas）, suppress the symptom such as awake, Excessive daytime sleepiness and nighttime sleep structural deterioration, be in addition also possible to cause or increase lung
The diseases such as arterial hypertension, pulmonary heart disease, respiratory failure, hypertension, arrhythmia, apoplexy.SAHS greatly have impact on
The quality of life of patient, is disease that is gradually recognized in recent years and paying attention to.
Respiration case includes in SAHS：
1）Central respiratory arrest, with control breathingBrainSystem dysfunction is relevant, rather than the obstruction of air flue, on
Air flue airless is more than 10s by the time, without chest and abdomen respiratory movement；
2）Obstructive apnea, be due to upper respiratory tract, especially nose and nasopharynx part, oropharynx and soft palate position and
Root of the tongue portion occur it is narrow, subside, block and cause；
3）Old-to apply breathing, also known as Cheyne-Stokes respiration, symptom is to breathe gradually speed and gradually slow down and breathing
Time-out is alternately present, each cycle about 45s-3min.May occur in which in the case of anoxia, sleep, brain stem injury, exhaustion,
Main cause is that lung-cerebral circulation time lengthening and respiratory center feedback oscillator increase；
4）Low pass gas event, refers to that respiratory air flow reduces amplitude exceedes air-flow more than 50%, and with more than 4% bloodOxygen SaturationDecline.
Wherein, obstructive apnea and low pass gas event are caused because epithelium healing muscle subsides, epithelium healing nerve
Muscle function is affected by many factors, and such as age, sex, the damage of epithelium healing Muscular pathology, lung capacity, Respiratory control and awakening is anti-
Penetrate.Having proven to lower jaw myoelectricity can well react epithelium healing function and epithelium healing muscle activity, especially genioglossus activity, chin
Lingualis activity is significantly reduced in asphyxia starting, significantly raised at the end of asphyxia, so as to terminate respiration case.
Respirator is one of respirator important performance to the pressure-responsive of respiration case, and this function can be according to respiration case
Several increases or decreases real-time adjustment output pressure, and whether good and patient experience relaxes to determine the therapeutic effect of respirator
It is suitable, and the hidden danger such as respirator misalignment, failure threat patient safety can be prevented and treated.
Existing respirator mostly is to the pressure-responsive test system of respiration case and simulates human body respiration using test lung,
Test lung is divided into passive simulation lung and active test lung.
Now domestic common respirator test system is passive simulation lung.Passive simulation lung passive delivery is general using double
Clamping plate airbag structure, air bag can be changed, to simulate different tidal volumes.The elasticity of clamping plate can be adjusted, with the suitable of test lung
Ying Xing.Using ball valve simulated respiration road resistance, the gas leakage situation that pipeline can be simulated with adjusting screw.This simulation lung structure letter
It is single, low cost, but the spontaneous breathing state of patient cannot be simulated, it is impossible to test, evaluate respirator.
The dynamic original paper of active test lung, simulation various respiratory state that can be autonomous, it has constituted two parts substantially：Hold
Row part and passive components.Under execution unit driving, generation meets physiology, the respiratory flow of pathological characters, pressure to passive components
Force signal.Existing three kinds of major type of test lung：
1）Air bag spring structure, representative is the TTL type active test lung of Michigan instrument companies of U.S. production, adopts two
Individual air bag simulated dual lung, has loading spring on each air bag（Compliance original paper）, with the double lung compliance of test lung.Airway resistance
Realized by changing the pipeline with different Resistance Values.Execution unit can be using driving respirator or flow generator；Can be with
Simulation autonomous respiration and passive breathing；
2）Case-bellows structure, the air bag with certain compliance is arranged on inside rigid box, and bag volume is less than case
Body, has therebetween certain space for simulating pleural space；Airway resistance has the pipeline reality of different Resistance Values by changing
It is existing；Execution unit can be high-pressure injection air-flow, functional generator or vacuum pump；Autonomous respiration and passive breathing can be simulated；
3）Piston structure, piston and cylinder body form a confined space, and piston is moved under the drive of execution unit, made close
Space contraction or expansion are closed, flow and pressure signal is produced；The resistance valve therein mould that airway resistance application one is automatically controlled
Intend, Resistance Value can on-line control；The passive breathing of simulation is more difficult.
Additionally, to simulate obstructive type asphyxia or low pass gas event, typically between test lung and tested respirator
The flexible pipe that can subside is accessed, is suspended come simulated respiration by hose clip or low pass gas event.
Above method mainly has the disadvantage that：
1）The execution unit of active test lung, more using functional generator, signal generator etc. come simulating respiratory movement, not
Using real human body signal as input, with the true respiratory movement of human body gap, it is impossible to reflect many of human body respiration event
Sample；
2）Most of active test lung are to simulate air flue using the pipeline of different airway resistances, it is impossible to on-line control air flue
Resistance；And the method suspended to the simulation of Airway Collapse, the subsided flexible pipe for being used and hose clip simulated respiration is manual
Control, it is impossible to accurate to determine Airway Collapse degree, and be unable to on-line tuning epithelium healing and subside degree and the number of times that subsides, while can not
Controlled by real human body signal, therefore the simulation of asphyxia that Airway Collapse is caused and low pass gas event, with truth
Gap；
3）In the above-mentioned analog form to respiratory system, clearly do not distinguish central respiratory arrest and obstructive type breathing is temporary
Stop, and use test lung simulating respiratory movement, using different resistance pipelines or hose clip simulated respiration event, so cannot area
Divide central respiratory arrest time and obstructive type asphyxia time, and some central respiratory arrest and obstructive type cannot be characterized
The simultaneous respiration case of asphyxia.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to above-mentioned existing problems and deficiency, there is provided a kind of to have used the real of PSG collections
Human body signal carries out input control, and preferably respiratory system can personalize, and can realize that epithelium healing subsides the online of degree
Adjust, central sleep respiration case and obstructive sleep respiratory event can be respectively simulated again, while can also reflect that mixed type is slept
Human respiratory tract's analogue system of dormancy respiration case.
The technical scheme is that what is be achieved in that：
Human respiratory tract's analogue system of the present invention, be characterized in including leading more sleep detection instrument, signal receive and
Processing meanss, elastic packing scalable butterfly valve, butterfly valve electric operator, test lung, test lung electric operator, mould
Intend air flue and respirator to be tested, wherein the sleep detection instrument of leading is used to gather chest and abdomen band breath signal and lower jaw myoelectricity letter more
Number and the signal input signal for collecting is received and processing meanss, the signal is received and processing meanss are by the lower jaw for receiving
Butterfly valve electric operator is conveyed to after electromyographic signal process, the butterfly valve electric operator is big according to the signal of input
It is little come control the opening and closing degree of elastic packing scalable butterfly valve with adjust simulation airway resistance and simulation air flue output gas stream
Amount, while the signal is received and processing meanss are converted to the chest and abdomen for receiving with breath signal after the control signal of test lung
Test lung electric operator is conveyed to, the test lung electric operator adjusts test lung according to the control signal of input
Respiratory frequency and tidal volume, the test lung it is adjusted after output air-flow sequentially flow through simulation air flue and elastic packing it is adjustable
Respirator to be tested is input to after section butterfly valve.
In order that chest and abdomen can be effective as the input of active test lung, the control signal of above-mentioned test lung with breath signal
It is to pass through formula signal=k* (1.3Tho+ in signal reception and processing meanss by pectoral girdle breath signal and bellyband breath signal
Abd) superposition is formed, and wherein k is constant, and different because of human body different situations, Tho represents pectoral girdle breath signal, and Abd represents bellyband and exhales
Signal is inhaled, signal is the control signal of calculated test lung.
In order that lower jaw electromyographic signal disclosure satisfy that the input range of butterfly valve electric operator, above-mentioned lower jaw myoelectricity letter
Number Jing process after export range of signal be 4～20mA.
In order that the reception of signal and process are convenient, above-mentioned signal is received and processing meanss are PC.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, the real human body signals for leading the collection of sleep detection instrument have been used more（Chest and abdomen band breath signal and lower jaw myoelectricity are believed
Number）Input control is carried out, preferably respiratory system can personalize, so as to preferably reducing human body respiration motion and breathing
Event, reaching central sleep respiration case and the obstructive sleep respiratory event of both can simulate respectively, can also reflect that mixed type is slept
The purpose of dormancy respiration case；
2nd, used the pipeline for being furnished with scalable butterfly valve as simulation air flue, air flue has been simulated by butterfly valve opening and closing degree and is collapsed
Sunken degree, and control butterfly valve opening and closing degree such that it is able to more accurately as the input of scalable butterfly valve using lower jaw myoelectricity
Respiration case is inputed to into respirator, and have effectively achieved epithelium healing and subsided the on-line control of degree；
3rd, a kind of complete respiratory system model is proposed, by simulating real human body sleep-respiratory event, can be effectively
The response speed and precision of test and design respirator to respiration case, to shorten the R＆D cycle, and improves respirator performance.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further illustrated.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, human respiratory tract's analogue system of the present invention, including leading sleep detection instrument more（PSG）, signal
Receive and processing meanss, elastic packing scalable butterfly valve, butterfly valve electric operator, test lung, the electronic execution of test lung
Mechanism, simulation air flue and respirator to be tested, wherein it is described lead sleep detection instrument for gather chest and abdomen band breath signal and under
Jaw electromyographic signal simultaneously receives the signal input signal for collecting and processing meanss, and the signal is received and processing meanss will be received
To lower jaw electromyographic signal process after be conveyed to butterfly valve electric operator, the butterfly valve electric operator is according to input
Signal magnitude come control the opening and closing degree of elastic packing scalable butterfly valve with adjust simulation airway resistance and simulation air flue it is defeated
Go out gas flow, while the signal is received and the chest and abdomen for receiving are converted to processing meanss the control of test lung with breath signal
Test lung electric operator is conveyed to after signal processed, the test lung electric operator is adjusted according to the control signal of input
Section test lung respiratory frequency and tidal volume, the test lung be used for simulate pulmonary movements and it is adjusted after output air-flow sequentially
Flow through and be input to respirator to be tested after simulation air flue and elastic packing scalable butterfly valve.In order that chest and abdomen band breath signal can
The input of active test lung is effective as, the control signal of the test lung is by pectoral girdle breath signal and bellyband breath signal
Formed by formula signal=k* (1.3Tho+Abd) superpositions in signal reception and processing meanss, wherein k is constant, because of people
Body different situations and it is different, Tho represents pectoral girdle breath signal, and Abd represents bellyband breath signal, and signal is calculated simulation
The control signal of lung.In order that lower jaw electromyographic signal disclosure satisfy that the input range of butterfly valve electric operator, the lower jaw
The range of signal that electromyographic signal is exported Jing after processing is 4～20mA.In order that the reception of signal and process are convenient, the signal connects
Receive and processing meanss are PC or other computing devices.
The present invention workflow be：
By lead more the lower jaw electromyographic signal input signal that sleep detection instrument collects receive and processing meanss after, signal is received
And processing meanss make scaling up and range-adjusting to signal so as to meet the input model of butterfly valve electric operator
Enclose：4～20mA, butterfly valve electric operator will carry out action according to control signal size, make elastic packing scalable
The valve of butterfly valve reaches corresponding degree, wherein valve is fully closed during input 4mA, valve wide open during input 20mA.Due to
During asphyxia starting, lower jaw EMG activity is significantly reduced, and shows that respiration case starts, at the end of asphyxia, lower jaw flesh
It is electroactive significantly raised, show that respiration case terminates, so needing to original in the processing procedure of signal reception and processing meanss
Lower jaw electromyographic signal is amplified and adjusts, and makes the lower jaw myoelectricity value correspondence output valve in the starting of obstructive type apnea
For 4mA, lower jaw myoelectricity value correspondence output valve during eupnea or at the end of respiration case is 20mA, is come in signal magnitude ratio
Control valve closes degree, such that it is able to according to the change adjustment airway resistance of lower jaw EMG activity, reach simulation obstructive respiration
Suspend the purpose with low pass gas event.Butterfly valve electric operator controls elastic packing scalable according to input signal size
The opening and closing degree of butterfly valve, when the maximum lower jaw myoelectricity, as eupnea lower jaw myoelectricity value of input, butterfly valve standard-sized sheet works as input
Minimum lower jaw myoelectricity value, i.e. asphyxia occur when lower jaw myoelectricity value when, butterfly valve is fully closed, with adjust simulation airway resistance and
Air flue output gas flow of gas, so as to the ventilation change under to simulate different Airway Collapse degree, analog low-pass gas event and
Obstructive apnea event.
By lead more chest and abdomen that sleep detection instrument collects with breath signal can as the input of active test lung, but the two
Just can be input into as active test lung after need to being overlapped, can receive and locate in signal using signal=k* (1.3Tho+Abd)
It is superimposed in reason device, wherein k is constant, and different because of human body different situations, Tho represents pectoral girdle breath signal, and Abd represents bellyband and exhales
Signal is inhaled, signal is the control signal of calculated test lung, and the control signal of test lung is electronic for controlling test lung
Actuator, test lung electric operator drives test lung, and breath signal is inputed to into test lung, adjusts the breathing of test lung
The respiration parameters such as frequency, tidal volume, so as to simulate the true respiratory movement of human body, and can simulate the brain centres barrier because of control breathing
Hinder caused by institute without the respirometric central respiratory arrest event of chest and abdomen.
The output gas flow of test lung is sequentially flowed through and is input in respirator to be tested after simulation air flue and scalable butterfly valve,
Wherein test lung can be simulated chest and abdomen respiratory movement and central respiratory arrest time, elastic packing scalable butterfly valve can simulate by
Epithelium healing subsides caused obstructive sleep respiration case.
This system can be simulated respectively：Simple centric sleep apnea time, simple obstructive sleep apnea thing
Part, mixed type sleep apnea time, low pass gas event, cheyne-Stokes respiration event etc., make respiratory system more personalize, from
And more accurately detect pressure-responsive of the respirator to sleep-respiratory event.
The present invention is described by embodiment, but is not limited the invention, with reference to description of the invention, institute
Other changes of disclosed embodiment, such as the professional person of this area is readily apparent that, such change should belong to
Within the scope of the claims in the present invention are limited.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of human respiratory tract's analogue system, it is characterised in that including lead more sleep detection instrument, signal receive and processing meanss,
Elastic packing scalable butterfly valve, butterfly valve electric operator, test lung, test lung electric operator, simulation air flue and
Respirator to be tested, wherein the sleep detection instrument of leading is used to gather chest and abdomen band breath signal and lower jaw electromyographic signal and will adopt more
The signal input signal that collects is received and processing meanss, and the signal is received and processing meanss are by the lower jaw electromyographic signal for receiving
Butterfly valve electric operator is conveyed to after process, the butterfly valve electric operator is controlled according to the signal magnitude of input
The opening and closing degree of elastic packing scalable butterfly valve simulates airway resistance and simulation air flue output gas flow of gas to adjust, while institute
State that signal is received and the chest and abdomen for receiving to be converted to and be conveyed to mould after the control signal of test lung by processing meanss with breath signal
Intend lung electric operator, the test lung electric operator adjusts the breathing frequency of test lung according to the control signal of input
Rate and tidal volume, the air-flow of output sequentially flows through simulation air flue and elastic packing scalable butterfly valve after the test lung is adjusted
After be input to respirator to be tested.
2. human respiratory tract's analogue system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the control signal of above-mentioned test lung is
Pass through formula signal=k* (1.3Tho+ in signal reception and processing meanss by pectoral girdle breath signal and bellyband breath signal
Abd) superposition is formed, and wherein k is constant, and different because of human body different situations, Tho represents pectoral girdle breath signal, and Abd represents bellyband and exhales
Signal is inhaled, signal is the control signal of calculated test lung.
3. human respiratory tract's analogue system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that above-mentioned lower jaw electromyographic signal Jing process
The range of signal for exporting afterwards is 4～20mA.
4. human respiratory tract's analogue system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that above-mentioned signal is received and processing meanss
For PC.
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| CN201510116132.5A CN104700697B (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | Simulation system of human respiratory tract |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11810325B2 (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2023-11-07 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Method, device and system for enabling to analyze a property of a vital sign detector |
| CN105894933B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2019-02-19 | 镇江市第四人民医院 | A kind of multifunctional air current cabin for simulating human respiratory |
| US20210183270A1 (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2021-06-17 | Iee International Electronics & Engineering S.A. | Method and system for breathing monitoring |
| CN114216712B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-03-08 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Mechanical ventilation man-machine asynchronous data acquisition method, detection method and equipment thereof |
| CN113974577B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-11 | 南京阳图医疗科技有限公司 | Performance detection device of multi-guide sleep monitor |
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Effective date of registration: 20211026 Address after: 214400 floor 2, block C, Cyberport, Chuangzhi Industrial Park, 201 Jinshan Road, Jiangyin City, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Jiangsu huirespiratory Medical Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510275 No. 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Haizhuqu District Patentee before: SUN YAT-SEN University |
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