CN1046925C - 工业有毒污水或污泥流化床焚烧处理方法 - Google Patents
工业有毒污水或污泥流化床焚烧处理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种工业有毒污水或污泥流化床焚烧处理方法，它是将燃煤进行简单破碎处理成粒度小于2mm的煤屑并与工业的毒污水或污泥混合成废水煤浆；其固相物份额为60～70%，水份份额为30～40%，而后，采用高粘度的煤浆泵和管道输送，将煤浆经给料器送人床料比重大于煤浆凝聚团比重的异比重流化床内焚烧，运用这一新技术既可解决工业有毒污水或污泥的污染问题，又能回收利用工业有毒污水或污泥中含有的能源，达到变废为宝的目的，因而具有重大的经济和社会效益，并有很好的推广前景。
Description
本发明涉及工业有毒污水或污泥的处理方法，尤其涉及工业有毒污水或污泥流化床焚烧处理方法。
长期以来，我国的工业发展往往忽视了对环境的保护，许多城镇经济发展迅猛，而环境保护始终跟不上，大量排放的废物、废水造成江河湖泊乃至空气的严重污染。作为“三废”之一的有毒污水或经过一定浓缩处理的污泥尤其令许多企业感到棘手。我国每天排放工业污水约7千万吨，排入江河湖海造成严重污染。据统计全国27条主要河流，被严重污染的有15条，有些河流中含酚、汞普遍超过指标数倍乃至数十倍，使许多盛产鱼虾的河流水产量大幅度下降。由于大部分有毒污水中含有相当量的可燃有机物(C,H化合物)和一些有毒的物质，如果直接排放将对人畜及生态环境造成严重的损害。另外，象造纸及石化企业等工艺过程产生较浓缩的含水污泥(水份约为60％)，目前也无可靠的处理方法。而目前传统的污水净化处理工艺需要复杂的系统和昂贵的运行费用，一方面造成企业的经济负担，另外从能量的利用方面也是一种浪费，因为废水中含有的可燃有机物尚具有一定的可能，一般含数十至数百大卡/公斤的热量，而工业污泥比较污水来讲，固相物含量更高些，一般为30～40％，热值根据污泥的品种不同在200～1400kcol/kg之间，因此，将工业有毒污水或污泥与煤进行混合投入到流化床中进行焚烧处理，不仅利用了废弃物中的能源，而且解决了污水或污泥的污染问题。
工业污水的成分非常复杂，有毒污水是工业污水中的一种，有毒污水又可分为无机有毒和有机有毒两类。
对于一些含悬浮物的工业污水如煤气洗涤水等，处理的方法一般采用自然沉淀、混凝沉淀或过滤等方法净化废水。对于含无机溶解物的废水如电镀废水、有色冶金废水等因含有重金属离子、酸、碱等有毒物质，一般采用物理化学法处理，处理方法复杂，成本较高。含有机物的废水如造纸废液、石油化工废水等耗氧而且有毒，一般采用物理化学与生物化学相结合的方法净化，如果废水流量大，为避免水的浪费，还需对净化水进行回收，通过均和、沉淀、吸附等几种方法，需要建立庞大的沉淀池、气浮池、吸附滤池、活性炭再生炉等，不仅工艺复杂，而且投资费用高。而对浓缩的污泥往往采用填埋手段，既占用大量农田，而且存在着对土壤和地下水质的潜在二次污染问题。
目前国内外所采用的污水处理方法大多采用上述几种方法，采用焚烧方法处理也仅限于垃圾及含可燃物成分较大的固相废物为主。
本发明的目的是提供一种工业有毒污水或污泥流化床焚烧处理方法。
本发明是将燃煤进行简单破碎处理成粒度小于2mm的煤屑并与工业有毒污水或污泥混合制成废水煤浆，其固相物份额为60～70％，水份份额为30～40％，而后，采用高粘度的煤浆泵和管道输送，将煤浆经给料器送入料床比重大于煤浆凝聚团比重的异比重流化床内焚烧。当工业有毒污水或污泥和煤屑成分中含硫量较高时，将石灰石按1.5～2.0的钙硫摩尔比混入工业有毒污水或污泥煤浆中进行焚烧，使脱硫剂能在焚烧时充分与二氧化硫反应，当工业有毒污水或污泥成分中燃料氮含量较高时，采用分级燃烧实现低NOx排放。使气体排放符合国家标准。对污水或污泥中的有毒成分如重金属、卤素等，则在焚烧过程中发生盐化反应，形成无毒无害的无机盐，通过排渣而得以清除，从而不致产生二次污染。所说的工业有毒污水为煤气洗涤污水，农药污水，造纸废液，石油化工废水等。所说的工业有毒污泥为造纸污泥，废水处理后的浓缩污泥，油泥等。
采用本发明既可解决工业有毒污水或污泥的污染问题，又能回收利用工业有毒污水或污泥中含有的能源，达到变废为宝的目的，因而具有重大的经济和社会效益，并有很好的推广前景。
Claims (2)
1．一种工业有毒污水或污泥流化床焚烧处理方法，其特征在于将燃煤进行简单破碎处理成粒度小于2mm的煤屑，并与工业有毒污水或污泥混合制成废水煤浆，其固相物份额为60～70％，水份份额为30～40％，而后，采用高粘度的煤浆泵和管道输送，将煤浆经给料器送入床料比重大于煤浆凝聚团比重的异比重流化床内焚烧。
2．根据权利要求1所述的一种工业有毒污水或污泥流化床焚烧处理方法，其特征在于当所说的工业有毒污水或污泥和煤屑成分中含硫量较高时，将石灰石按1.5～2.0的钙硫摩尔比混入工业有毒污水或污泥煤浆中进行焚烧，当工业有毒污水或污泥成分中燃料氮含量较高时，采用分级燃烧实现低NOx排放。
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| CN93121185A CN1046925C (zh) | 1993-12-22 | 1993-12-22 | 工业有毒污水或污泥流化床焚烧处理方法 |
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| CN93121185A CN1046925C (zh) | 1993-12-22 | 1993-12-22 | 工业有毒污水或污泥流化床焚烧处理方法 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1089923A CN1089923A (zh) | 1994-07-27 |
| CN1046925C true CN1046925C (zh) | 1999-12-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1559939A (zh) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-01-05 | 沈阳戴维国际机电设备有限公司 | 循环流化燃烧法处理污水处理厂污泥的方法 |
| CN104974807A (zh) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-14 | 上海卓地环保科技有限公司 | 一种污泥生物质水煤浆的制备工艺及其制备及燃烧系统 |
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| CN1089923A (zh) | 1994-07-27 |
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