CN104690519A - Screw rod manufacturing method - Google Patents
Screw rod manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104690519A CN104690519A CN201310665293.0A CN201310665293A CN104690519A CN 104690519 A CN104690519 A CN 104690519A CN 201310665293 A CN201310665293 A CN 201310665293A CN 104690519 A CN104690519 A CN 104690519A
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- screw rod
- stock
- manufacture method
- spiral grooves
- polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a screw rod manufacturing method, which is used for manufacturing a screw rod with a spiral groove from a blank. The screw rod manufacturing method comprises the following steps: forming the preformed spiral groove in the blank in a rolling way; performing surface hardening on the blank with the preformed spiral groove after rolling; polishing the blank after surface hardening; straightening the blank after polishing; grinding at least part of an arc surface of the preformed spiral groove on the blank after straightening to form the screw rod with the spiral groove. Through the screw rod manufacturing method provided by the invention, the screw rod processing difficulty is reduced, the service life of the screw rod is prolonged and the precision of the screw rod is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of screw rod, particularly a kind of manufacture method with the screw rod of spiral groove compared with large helix angle.
Background technology
Ball screw is a kind of device be widely used in many plant equipment, and its object arranged is to provide accurate transmission agency, by the rotary motion in mechanically actuated and rectilinear motion, and then makes the board of carrying or object carry out action in the straight direction.The primary element composition of the ball screw applied at present comprises screw rod, nut, multiple ball, screw surface has spiral groove, the inner surface of nut also has spiral internal channel, ball channel is formed between energy and screw rod, ball is made to be placed in wherein, and form relative relation of rolling with screw rod, nut, to reduce between screw rod and nut frictional force in relative rotation.
Wherein, for enabling plant equipment promote running speed or output, screw rod need bear larger load capacity.Usually, the larger spiral groove of helical angle can be formed on screw rod, with the load capacity of lift-bolt, and keep the working stability of ball screw.
And take a broad view of current screw rod technique, on the whole go up and formed with rolling or grinding.Stock is mainly positioned between running roller by the former, after becoming predetermined spiral groove, then carries out the process of polishing with suitable pressure roll compacting.Though rolling is applicable in order to make the larger screw rod of helical angle, but, there is the problem of the deflection that cannot produce in compensation process.The latter then first utilizes the mode of lathe tool to carry out rough lapping, and after part surface process, recycling emery wheel carries out meticulousr grinding.Though this method can form the higher finished product of precision, and need not through the formality of polishing in process, but its manufacturing time spent be longer, and due to the restriction of toolroom machine, causes being difficult to form the larger screw rod of helical angle.
In other words, with current screw rod technique, manufactured product all cannot reach simultaneously and have concurrently compared with large helix angle, the generation reducing deflection and high-precision requirement.
Therefore, how a kind of manufacture method of screw rod is provided, under the requirement of process speed, can be formed and have concurrently compared with large helix angle, the generation reducing deflection and high-precision screw rod, during to guarantee to apply, single unit system can carry out accurate and stable action, becomes one of important topic.
Summary of the invention
Because above-mentioned problem, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method of screw rod, can under the requirement of process speed, formed and have concurrently compared with large helix angle, the generation reducing deflection and high-precision screw rod, during to guarantee to apply, single unit system can carry out accurate and stable action.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, according to the manufacture method of a kind of screw rod of the present invention, in order to stock to be made the screw rod with spiral groove, the manufacture method of this screw rod comprises the following steps: on stock, form preformed spiral grooves in rolling mode; Hard facing step is carried out to the stock with preformed spiral grooves; Polishing step is carried out to through case-hardened stock; Alignment procedure is carried out to the stock through polishing; And at least part of cambered surface of the preformed spiral grooves of grinding on the stock of alignment, to form the screw rod with spiral groove.
In one embodiment, spiral groove is Goethe's dentition formula groove.
In one embodiment, the helical angle of spiral groove is between 1 ~ 50 degree.
In one embodiment, hard facing step carries out heat treatment step to the stock through rolling with preformed spiral grooves.
In one embodiment, heat treatment step comprises flame hardening or high frequency induction mode.
In one embodiment, alignment procedure further comprises and grinding the external diameter of this stock through polishing.
In one embodiment, manufacture method grinds the external diameter of the stock through polishing with flat emery wheel.
In one embodiment, the part cambered surface of grinding preformed spiral grooves is ground with forming grinding wheel.
In one embodiment, the angle of part cambered surface is 45 ± 20 degree that are extended to the external diameter direction of preformed spiral grooves by the bottom of preformed spiral grooves.
In one embodiment, manufacture method is applied to ball screw.
From the above, according to the manufacture method of screw rod of the present invention, by forming preformed spiral grooves in rolling mode on stock and through Surface hardening treatment, again polishing, alignment and grinding are sequentially carried out through at least part of surface of the preformed spiral grooves of above-mentioned steps, to form the screw rod with spiral groove to harveyed stock.Therefore, it is possible under the requirement of process speed, formed and have concurrently compared with large helix angle, the generation reducing deflection and high-precision screw rod.
Compare known screw rod technique, the present invention carries out polishing grinding again after rolling and hard facing step, can effectively by worn for the de-charcoal after heat treatment, to improve the service life of screw rod.Moreover, in one embodiment, in alignment procedure, carry out external diameter grinding be more also conducive to the deflection produced during previous surface process to remove, and then improve the precision of screw rod, smooth operation when enabling screw rod be applied to ball screw.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of the manufacture method of the screw rod of foundation one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic appearance that the manufacture method of application drawing 1 machines the screw rod of gained.
Fig. 3 A is the operation chart of the step S11 of the manufacture method of application drawing 1.
The step S11 that Fig. 3 B is the manufacture method through Fig. 1 form the stock partial schematic diagram with preformed spiral grooves.
The operation chart of the step S13 of the manufacture method of Fig. 3 C application drawing 1.
Fig. 3 D is the operation chart of the step S17 of the manufacture method of application drawing 1.
Fig. 3 E is the operation chart of grinding external diameter step.
Fig. 3 F is the stock partial schematic diagram after grinding external diameter.
Fig. 3 G is the operation chart of the step S19 of the manufacture method of application drawing 1.
Fig. 4 to arrange in pairs or groups schematic diagram through the preformed spiral grooves of stock of the step S19 processing shown in Fig. 1 and ball.
[symbol description]
1: screw rod
11: spiral groove
2: stock
2a:(is through rolling) stock
2b:(is through polishing) stock
2c:(is through alignment) stock
21,21b, 21c: preformed spiral grooves
211c:(preformed spiral grooves 21c by worn) part cambered surface
212b:(preformed spiral grooves 21c's) groove cambered surface
212c:(preformed spiral grooves 21c's) bottom
210,213c: external diameter
3: roller
4: forming grinding wheel machine
5: induction coil
6: flat abrasive machine
61:(abrasive machine) the item heart
7:(straightener) pressure head
71:(straightener) the top heart
72: flexural measurement element
73: fulcrum
S11 ~ S19: step
B: ball
B1: the center of curvature
W1:(produces because of Surface hardening treatment) thermal deformation part
W2: protruding
θ: angle
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter with reference to relevant drawings, the manufacture method of a kind of screw rod according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, wherein identical element is illustrated with identical reference marks.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of manufacture method of the screw rod according to one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 2 is the schematic appearance that the manufacture method of application drawing 1 machines the screw rod of gained.Please also refer to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the screw rod 1 of the present embodiment is applied to ball screw (Ball Screw), and screw rod 1 is the cylindric body of rod, and its outer surface has the spiral groove 11 along longitudinal axis continuous winding.And the manufacture method of a kind of screw rod of the present embodiment, can comprise the following steps: on stock, form preformed spiral grooves (S11) in rolling mode; Hard facing step (S13) is carried out to the stock through rolling with preformed spiral grooves; Polishing step (S15) is carried out to through case-hardened stock; Alignment procedure (S17) is carried out to the stock through polishing; And at least part of cambered surface of the preformed spiral grooves of grinding on the stock of alignment, to form the screw rod (S19) with spiral groove.
When each step illustrates, can simultaneously with reference to the schematic appearance of the screw rod 1 shown in Fig. 2, and the step schematic diagram shown in Fig. 3 A ~ Fig. 3 G, to understand technology contents of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A is the operation chart of the step S11 of the manufacture method of application drawing 1, please also refer to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 A, in step s 11, forms preformed spiral grooves 21 in rolling mode on stock 2.Specifically, stock 2 can be metallic monolith or columnar material, between two rollers 3 rolling pattern further with circle stock 2 being placed in rotation, with pressure cold-extruded, spreading, distance between two rollers 3 is slowly reduced, force stock 2 to produce Plastic Flow simultaneously, and then form preformed spiral grooves 21.Should be noted that, the implementation of Fig. 3 A only exemplary steps S11, its setting position, details be not used to limit the present invention.Please refer to Fig. 3 B, through the preformed spiral grooves 21 that rolling mode is formed on stock 2, also there is the follow-up worn protruding W2 that need go again.In Fig. 3 B, dotted line part is then the follow-up predetermined worn flute surfaces arrived.
The preformed spiral grooves 21 that stock 2 is formed is semi-finished product, therefore after completing the rolling program of abovementioned steps S11, then carries out step S13, carries out hard facing step to the stock 2a through rolling with preformed spiral grooves 21.Please also refer to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 C, Fig. 3 C is the operation chart of the step S13 of the manufacture method of application drawing 1.Specifically, in the present embodiment, hard facing step carries out heat treatment step through the stock 2a of rolling, i.e. Surface heat-treatent, to strengthen the hardness of follow-up formed screw rod for passing through.Above-mentioned heat treatment step can comprise flame hardening or high frequency induction mode, and the present invention is not limited.Should be noted that, the implementation of Fig. 3 C only exemplary steps S13, the present embodiment application induction coil 5 is example, stock 2a is inserted induction coil 5, then high frequency electric current is passed to induction coil 5, to produce magnetic field, the induced-current reverse with the high frequency electric current of induction coil 5 is produced in stock 2a inside through electromagnetic induction, make the surperficial instant heating of stock 2a, but the center of stock 2a still keeps low temperature or only promotes a small amount of temperature (that is still maintaining lower temperature relative to its surface).Thus, with the surface of the stock 2 that hardens.But its setting position or heating parameters be not used to limit the present invention.
Through the stock 2a of abovementioned steps S13 Surface hardening treatment, still need to carry out polishing, to improve the machining accuracy of spiral camber in screw machine product when practical application and to meet the needs of automated production.Therefore then carry out step S15, polishing has preformed spiral grooves 21 and the surface of harveyed stock 2a.But the present invention does not limit the mode of polishing, when practical application, it can apply the polishing that polishing machine carries out physically, or the mode of applied chemistry polishing, it is with to having preformed spiral grooves 21 and to carry out de-charcoal through the stock 2a of Surface hardening treatment worn, and the burr removing stock 2a are main, therefore contribute to improving the service life of screw rod and the tolerance of reduction assembling.In addition, above-mentioned other operation part unaccounted should be that persond having ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention is to understand, does not repeat them here.
In step S17, more then alignment procedure is carried out to the stock 2b through aforementioned S15 polishing step.Specifically, through the stock 2b of S13 Surface hardening treatment step and S15 polishing step, may can not be completely straight and still some bends.Therefore in order to the workpiece bows because heat treatment or grinding produce will be corrected, straightener can be utilized to carry out alignment to stock 2b.Please refer to Fig. 3 D, if to carry out pressure straightening mode, then clamp stock 2b with two of straightener item hearts 71, measure stock 2b with flexural measurement element 72 and bend or the part of warpage and amplitude, and stock 2b is placed in two fulcrums 73 and makes this bending or warpage part form recurvation; Then again the Bent mirror equal with material spring-go amount is applied to this part with straightener pressure head 7, make this bending or warped portion acquisition rectification.And in other embodiments, also roller alignment mode or revolution aligning mode can be utilized, or more can first above-mentioned workpiece be positioned in detection platform, carry out rectification that is bending or warped portion after the overall glacing flatness utilizing thickness gage or optical detection mode to carry out workpiece detects again, the present invention does not limit this.Generally, stock 2b, after alignment procedure, is completing and after being assembled into finished product, can have good concentricity with other assembly (such as nut).
Please refer to Fig. 3 E, for making the external diameter 210 of the stock 2b with preformed spiral grooves 21b have better flatness and precision, recycling but be not limited to the external diameter 210 of flat abrasive machine 6 to the stock 2b through polishing and grind.That is clamp stock 2b with two of the flat abrasive machine 6 top hearts 61 and carry out rotating and axial reciprocating moves, grind with the external diameter 210 of flat abrasive machine 6 couples of stock 2b.Please refer to Fig. 3 F, after the step process that this external diameter grinds, originally the thermal deformation part W1 produced because of Surface hardening treatment is thus worn, its external diameter 210 is made to have certain flatness and precision, and simultaneously as the benchmark of follow-up grinding other parts, tolerance when reducing integral processing and the assembling of follow-up finished product can be conducive to.Means as realization grinding are that persond having ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention is to understand, do not repeat them here.
By the stock 2c presented after above-mentioned steps S17 alignment, then then carry out step S19 again.Please also refer to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 G and Fig. 4, wherein, Fig. 3 G is the operation chart of the step S19 of the manufacture method of application drawing 1, and Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic partial view of at least part of cambered surface of the preformed spiral grooves 21c of step processing on the stock 2c of alignment shown in Fig. 1.At least part of cambered surface 211c of the preformed spiral grooves 21c of step S19 grinding on the stock 2c of alignment, to form the screw rod 1 with spiral groove 11.Compare the preformed that step S11 carries out in rolling mode, step S19 is then for carrying out exquisite grinding to spiral groove, so step can be referred to as to refine.Specifically, step S19 is imposed by forming grinding wheel machine 4 couples of preformed spiral grooves 21c and critically grinds, and fine grinding program is also carried out through the stock 2c of alignment by two top heart (not shown) clampings.Should be noted that, the implementation of Fig. 3 G only exemplary steps S19, equipment of its application, the setting position of workpiece or other details, and be not used to limit the present invention.
Furthermore, in the precision grinding step of step S19, only need at least part of cambered surface 211c (that is the protruding W2 in Fig. 3 G) grinding preformed spiral grooves 21c can reach the effect of fine grinding.Alleged part cambered surface 211c can be with predetermined through worn and the center of curvature of groove cambered surface 212b that is that be shaped is as the criterion, the region of 45 ± 20 degree that are extended to the both sides, external diameter 213c direction of preformed spiral grooves 21c by the bottom 212c of preformed spiral grooves 21c (angle θ as shown in Figure 4 contain protruding W2 partly).In addition, the bottom 212c of preformed spiral grooves 21c can be concave configuration, that is can be lubrication ditch or oil duct, and when assembly completes in the future, can accommodating lubricating fluid or lubricating oil using the purposes as lubrication; In addition, this configuration also can in the precision grinding step of this S19, accommodating lapping liquid or cooling fluid and for its flowing, and then takes away the used heat produced in process of lapping, more effectively can reduce the thermal deformation caused because used heat accumulation in process of lapping.This concave configuration of the bottom 212c of preformed spiral grooves 21c can by the rolling mode of step S11 straight forming.And Fig. 4 be exactly by future after completing with the ball B of screw rod 1 assembly in advance and the collocation schematic diagram of preformed spiral grooves 21c.As shown in FIG., in preformed spiral grooves 21c, namely the angle of having some of ball B can be bottom 212c 45 degree of extending to direction, external diameter 213c both sides.And be effective contact range (being the scope of 45 ± 20 degree that bottom 212c extends to external diameter 213c direction) of ball B and preformed spiral grooves 21c through the groove cambered surface 212b of worn protruding w2, and agree with mutually with the sphere of ball B; And when moving, rub mutually both can therefore and as far as possible reducing the vibrations produced.Therefore the fine grinding program compared in known screw rod technique, need the whole surface of complete grinding preformed spiral grooves 21c, the present invention can reduce the time expended needed for enforcement above, and under certain precision level, makes rapidly.
According to above-mentioned, through the step S11 ~ S19 of the present embodiment, the screw rod 1 of the spiral groove 11 had as shown in Figure 2 can be formed.Wherein, the spiral groove 11 of the present embodiment is Goethe's dentition formula groove, and the helical angle of the spiral groove 11 formed can between 1 ~ 50 degree, preferably between 5 ~ 50 degree, more preferably forms the spiral groove 11 had between the helical angle of 20 ~ 50 degree.And the above-mentioned preferred practical range about helical angle and more preferably practical range comprise the combination of any two numerical value in above-mentioned scope all respectively.But especially, it should be noted that, alleged preferred practical range and more preferably practical range the non-limiting angle that only can be applied within the scope of these, and refer to that the manufacture method of the present embodiment has the ability of the helical angle of the angle forming this scope.In other words, compare known screw rod technique under the problem considering precision, be comparatively difficult to form the helical angle screw rod finished product that is greater than more than 20 degree, manufacturer's rule of the screw rod of the present embodiment can be made into the screw rod finished product that helical angle is greater than more than 20 degree.
In addition, be worth special instruction, because the present embodiment carries out polishing again after rolling and hard facing step, the charring layer produced after can effectively removing heat treatment, to improve the service life of screw rod; And more preferably, in another embodiment, external diameter grinding is carried out again after rolling, Surface hardened layer, polishing and alignment procedure, not only significantly reduce the difficulty of small structure processing and expend time in, the deflection produced during heat treatment is more conducive to remove, and then improve the precision of screw rod, smooth operation when enabling screw rod be applied to ball screw.
In sum, according to the manufacture method of screw rod of the present invention, by forming preformed spiral grooves in rolling mode on stock and its surface of Surface hardening treatment, again polishing, alignment and grinding are sequentially carried out through at least part of surface of the preformed spiral grooves of above-mentioned steps, to form the screw rod with spiral groove to harveyed stock.Therefore, it is possible under the requirement of process speed, formed and have concurrently compared with large helix angle, the generation reducing deflection and high-precision screw rod.
Compare known screw rod technique, the present invention carries out polishing step again after rolling and hard facing step, and it is worn effectively can to carry out de-charcoal after heat treatment, to improve the service life of screw rod.Moreover, wherein in an embodiment, after rolling and polishing step, carry out external diameter grinding be more also conducive to the deflection produced during heat treatment to remove, and then improve the precision of screw rod, smooth operation when enabling screw rod be applied to ball screw.
The foregoing is only illustrative, but not be restricted.Anyly do not depart from spirit of the present invention and scope, and to its equivalent modifications of carrying out or change, all should be contained in claim.
Claims (10)
1. a manufacture method for screw rod, in order to stock to be made the screw rod with spiral groove, comprises the following steps:
On described stock, preformed spiral grooves is formed in rolling mode;
Hard facing step is carried out to the described stock through rolling with described preformed spiral grooves;
Polishing step is carried out to through case-hardened described stock;
Alignment procedure is carried out to the described stock through polishing; And
At least part of cambered surface of the described preformed spiral grooves of grinding on the described stock of alignment, to form the described screw rod with described spiral groove.
2. manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said spiral groove is Goethe's dentition formula groove.
3. manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, the helical angle of wherein said spiral groove is between 1 ~ 50 degree.
4. manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hard facing step carries out heat treatment step to the described stock through rolling with described preformed spiral grooves.
5. manufacture method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said heat treatment step comprises flame hardening or high frequency induction mode.
6. manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said alignment procedure further comprises grinds the external diameter of the described stock through polishing.
7. manufacture method as claimed in claim 6, it grinds the external diameter of the described stock through polishing with flat emery wheel.
8. manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, the part cambered surface of wherein grinding described preformed spiral grooves is ground with forming grinding wheel.
9. manufacture method as claimed in claim 8, the angle of wherein said part cambered surface is 45 ± 20 degree that are extended to the external diameter direction of described preformed spiral grooves by the bottom of described preformed spiral grooves.
10. manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, it is applied to ball screw.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310665293.0A CN104690519B (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2013-12-10 | The manufacture method of screw rod |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310665293.0A CN104690519B (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2013-12-10 | The manufacture method of screw rod |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104690519A true CN104690519A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
| CN104690519B CN104690519B (en) | 2018-03-13 |
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| CN201310665293.0A Active CN104690519B (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2013-12-10 | The manufacture method of screw rod |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111250941A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-06-09 | 惠州市金思维科技有限公司 | Processing technology of anti-collision screw rod |
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