CN104661771A - Method for connecting workpieces, and connection device - Google Patents

Method for connecting workpieces, and connection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104661771A
CN104661771A CN201280074681.5A CN201280074681A CN104661771A CN 104661771 A CN104661771 A CN 104661771A CN 201280074681 A CN201280074681 A CN 201280074681A CN 104661771 A CN104661771 A CN 104661771A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
workpiece
electrode
joint
placer
riveted joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201280074681.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·考斯勒
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of CN104661771A publication Critical patent/CN104661771A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/02Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/08Riveting by applying heat, e.g. to the end parts of the rivets to enable heads to be formed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/002Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K11/004Welding of a small piece to a great or broad piece
    • B23K11/0066Riveting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30Features relating to electrodes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and a device for connecting workpieces (8, 9), said device comprising a welding head that can be used for welding and riveting. Said method comprises the steps of: providing a resistance welding head (2, 3) that has at least two electrodes (3, 4); replacing at least one of the electrodes (3, 4) by a rivet header (24, 25) or equipping at least one electrode (3, 4) with an adapter piece (23) comprising a rivet header; placing two workpieces (28, 29), each of which has an opening (31, 32), between the electrodes (3, 4) or the rivet headers (24, 25) of the resistance welding head (2) in such a way that the openings (31, 32) are coaxial; inserting a connecting element (36) in the openings (31, 32); and riveting the workpieces (28, 29) together, the connecting element (36) being deformed with the help of the electrodes (3, 4) and/or the rivet header (24, 25).

Description

For connecting method and the jockey of workpiece
The present invention relates to a kind of method for connecting workpiece and a kind of jockey.The parts of workpiece such as electric equipment are connected to each other usually used as fastener when producing.Such as by soldering, welding also or be riveted on bonding station and connect.The connection that realize the form fit of workpiece in this case or power coordinates.
Usually, being provided with various different station or manufacturing station in process of production, such as providing the plumb joint for welding at these stations, for the riveting set of riveting or the soldering station for soldering ground attaching parts.
With regard to traditional electric resistance welding, the workpiece of conduction until fusing, thus is produced public melt by current flow heats, has and be welded to connect after solidification between workpiece.Known electric resistance welding joint designs for high temperature and big current.In most cases, welding also needs two of electric resistance welding joint electrodes weld force to be applied on bonding station in welding process simultaneously.
Also frequent parts to be riveted together each other when manufacturing electromechanical assemblies.In this case, the smooth part of parts utilizes rivet hole to connect by rivet.In corresponding riveting process, need the rivet pin distortion making to be made up of deformable material, can manufactured head be formed thus.
During the electromechanical component of particularly type aborning, due to required joint method or method of attachment different, this just needs to have a large amount of automatic setup system engaging the complexity at station.Wish to reduce to comprise and multiple there is the parts of the bonding station of different connection type or the manufacturing expense of workpiece.
Therefore, the object of the invention is to propose the method for improvement and/or the device of improvement for connecting workpiece.
Propose a kind of method for connecting workpiece accordingly, it comprises:
-the electric resistance welding joint with at least two electrodes is provided;
-replace at least one electrode with riveted joint placer or the electrode that at least one has the adapter comprising riveted joint placer is set;
-two Workpiece fixing respectively with opening between the electrode or riveted joint placer of electric resistance welding joint, make these openings coaxial;
-connector is inserted in these openings;
-workpiece is riveted each other, wherein, connector deforms by means of electrode and/or riveted joint placer.
The method specifies: be designed to the plumb joint of electric resistance welding joint for riveting especially for hot riveting.Especially, the electric resistance welding joint with coaxially arranged electrode can be used as riveted joint station by the suitable variations of electrode, described electrode such as from above and below clamp two workpiece to be connected.If such as two electrodes are respectively arranged with the adapter as riveted joint placer, so the connector of pin shaped just can be used as rivet.Such as can also change electrode, wherein, the electrode of new changes is designed to riveted joint placer.Be contemplated that at this, the electrode of modification or adapter have the material identical with the electrode for electric resistance welding.Especially be contemplated that, the electrode of modification or adapter have the resistance identical with the electrode for electric resistance welding.
Therefore, the work station comprising electric resistance welding joint can neatly for welding and for riveted joint.The system flexibility of hence improve mechanization or automation assembly system.
In the embodiment of the method, also to be fed to the electric current flowing through electrode and/or riveted joint placer and connector for adding thermal attach.
Thus, can hot riveting be realized, wherein, connector due to the electric current flow through by the resistance heated of himself.In corresponding hot riveting technique, connector or rivet owing to being expanded by heat supply at riveting process, and are out of shape by means of electric resistance welding joint or the electrode being constructed to riveted joint placer and then cool down.When rivet cools, particularly rivet bar can shrink, and the workpiece that extrudes or parts power frictional fit to each other can be caused to make moderate progress stackedly.
In some embodiments, electrode, the electrode being provided with adapter or the electrode that is constructed to riveted joint placer relative to each other do oscillating movement along the axis of operation extended through connector during riveting.
Thus, particularly when electrode, adapter or riveted joint placer move relative to one another, oscillatory type ground applies power, thus to be convenient to connecting member deformation be rivet bar and manufactured head.In this case, along with in both sides, using power, the cylindrical pin be applied to as connector nails on, and preferably carries out the hot riveting of oscillatory type.Such as, the electrode of electric resistance welding joint and/or riveted joint placer are that benchmark flexibly supports with axis of operation.
In some embodiments of the method, workpiece is resiliently maintained in workpiece accommodation section.By flexible maintenance, time particularly on electrode or riveted joint placer relative to each other move toward one another and the being applied to connector that will be out of shape, the power that applies can be made even.
Some embodiments of the method specify: use connector to rivet the workpiece that at least three have opening respectively.Described workpiece can be such as be used in the bimetal leaf in relay or electric mechanical switch.
Specify in some embodiments of the method: two electrodes are replaced by riveted joint placer respectively, or both are respectively arranged with the adapter comprising riveted joint placer.So, by means of these two riveted joint placers, connector is deformed.Thus, cylinder-shaped link can be made to be deformed into rivet.
In the modification of the method, suitably design electric resistance welding joint, thus by means of electric current, two other workpiece are heated to fusing in welding position.Thus, within the scope of this method, it is also conceivable to the electric resistance welding utilizing electric resistance welding joint.
The modification of the method comprises three steps:
-the electric resistance welding joint without riveted joint placer is provided;
-two other Workpiece fixing in-between the electrodes;
-by means of electric resistance welding joint, two other workpiece are welded to one another together in welding position.
Preferably, the suitable mobile plumb joint when welding, thus two electrodes move relative to welding position, and constant power is applied on welding position.Two workpiece materials are made very advantageously to melt each other or weld together by constant power (this power such as can by realizing the flexible each other support of two electrodes).
With regard to proposed method, according to especially necessary in production line method of attachment, electrode is used for welding or be used for riveted joint.
In addition, propose a kind of for using electric resistance welding joint to the jockey making workpiece be connected to each other.Electric resistance welding joint comprises at least two electrodes, and wherein, electric resistance welding joint is designed to extremely be melted by workpiece heat in welding position by means of electric current.Be riveted joint placer by least one electrode design in this case.
Such as, jockey is provided with control device, and this control device is controlled by two electrodes or causes electric current, thus carries out electric resistance welding.
In this case, jockey is designed to implement method as above.
In some embodiments of jockey, be also provided with the holding device for flexibly supporting workpiece.Flexible support can realize particularly applying power equably in the both sides of connector or two ends.
In some embodiments, jockey also comprises the drive unit being provided for electrode and/or riveted joint placer and relative to each other moving on axis of operation.As drive unit, such as, can consider that pneumatic driver also or electric drive.Also actuator or servo control mechanism can be used as drive unit.In this case, drive unit will produce enough power, so as weld time workpiece is extruded one above the other, and rivet time make connector or particularly by current flow heats rivet-and riveted joint be out of shape.
In some embodiments of jockey, electrode and/or riveted joint placer are that benchmark flexibly supports with axis of operation.Flexible support can realize power to be applied to very equably on workpiece to be connected each other or connector equally.
Other feasible embodiment of the present invention also comprise above-cited or by the method step introduced for embodiment below, described method or the feature of described jockey or the combination clearly do not mentioned of embodiment.At this, those skilled in the art also can add or change various aspects, as the improvement or supplementary of corresponding citation form of the present invention.
Above-mentioned characteristic of the present invention, feature and advantage and the mode realizing them combine will be more clear and be easier to understand to the following explanation of embodiment, and these embodiments will be described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1,4,6 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of jockey, and it is for explaining the aspect of the method for connecting workpiece;
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of the embodiment be applied in for connecting the plumb joint in the method for workpiece;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of plumb joint, and it is for explaining the aspect of the method for connecting workpiece;
Fig. 5,7 be Fig. 1,4, the schematic detail view of the embodiment of the jockey of 6, it is for explaining the aspect of the method for connecting workpiece.
In the following figures, the embodiment as the plumb joint and jockey that engage station is schematically shown.The working condition of corresponding jockey is shown, to explain the method aspect of the method for attachment using electric resistance welding joint at this.
Fig. 1 shows the jockey being provided for workpiece and being engaged with each other or connecting.Jockey 1 comprises at this plumb joint 2,3 that two are constructed to electric resistance welding joint.Each plumb joint 2,3 has an electrode 4,5, and this electrode is elastically supported by means of flexible member 8,9.Plumb joint or electrode 4,5 can move 16,17 along axis of operation 18.For this reason, two plumb joints 2,3 are connected with drive unit 11,12 such as motor or pneumatic means respectively.Corresponding control signal CT can be supplied to drive unit by control appliance 13 by corresponding driver 11,12, and namely moves along axis of operation 18 along arrow 16,17.Thus, these electrodes move coaxially with each other along axis of operation 18.
Be provided with a kind of work support 10, this work support can maintain workpiece 6,7 to be connected.Under a kind of working condition, as shown in Figure 1, workpiece is positioned between electrode 4,5, and by being clamped by electrode 4,5 the suitable control of driver 11,13.When electric resistance welding, produce and flow through electrode, the region, welding position 15 of two workpiece 6,7 and the electric current 14 of electrode 5.Especially, because the resistance of electrode 4,5 is lower than the resistance of workpiece 6,7 to be connected, the material of workpiece 6,7 is in welding position 15 heating.Plumb joint 2,3 or control device 13 suitably control electric current 14, workpiece material 6,7 are melted and fused with one another or weld together in welding position 15.Meanwhile, power is applied equably from top and bottom by flexibly support electrode 4,5.
Illustrate in perspective an embodiment of plumb joint 2 in fig. 2.Can see axis of operation 18 in fig. 2, electrode 4, flexible support member 8 and the driver 11,42 that fastener 22 remains in electrode accommodation section 21 when designing plumb joint is coaxial along described axis of operation.
Electrode accommodation section 21 and electrode securing member 22 all remain on suitable guide rail 19, use round plunger arrange and the spring part 8 be connected on spacer sleeve 20 along axis 18 to maintain described guide rail.Do not indicate the axle of Reference numeral by being moved by the pneumatic cylinder 42 that driver 11 activates.By driver 11,42, the guider 19 of flexible support member 8,20 and electrode 4 arranges linearly can realize very advantageously power being delivered to and is positioned at current welding position below electrode 5 according to the direction of Fig. 2.
Plumb joint 2 can also be realized to be used as riveted joint or riveting set.Thus, jockey also can be used as the joint station 1 of hot riveting technique.
Fig. 3 schematically shows processing step, for by or use jockey 1 pair of workpiece as shown in Figure 1 to rivet each other method of attachment in implement described processing step.On the left of Fig. 3, schematically show the electric resistance welding joint 2 with welding electrode 4, this welding electrode is resiliently maintained by means of spring 8, and comprises driver 11.
Such as, in order to plumb joint 2 is used for riveting process, as shown in Fig. 3 upper right side, electrode 4 is replaced by the electrode 24 comprising notch or groove 26 in workpiece side.In riveting process, groove 26 is used as riveted joint placer.Namely notch or groove 26 have the shape of later riveted joint.
Alternatively, welding electrode 4 also can be provided with the adapter 23 with corresponding recesses or notch 26.So adapter 23 is inserted into, is screwed to or is adopted other known jam on electrode 4.Such as, adapter 23 has the electrical characteristics identical with electrode 4.
As in fig. 2 for shown in plumb joint 2, the replacement to electrode or replacing easily can be realized.
Now, Fig. 4 shows jockey 1, and in this jockey, two welding electrodes are replaced by the electrode 24,25 with corresponding groove 26,27.Alternatively electrode 24,25 is riveted joint placers thus.They are kept by means of flexible member 8,9 as common welding electrode 4,5 (see Fig. 1).
Also illustrate in the diagram, workpiece 28,29 to be connected has hole 31,32 respectively, and is placed in the workpiece accommodation section 30 of support 10.When riveting, be that the material such as bimetal leaf or three sheet metals of plane or en plaque is connected to each other by means of rivet substantially.The holding device 10 of workpiece 28,29 equally flexibly supports.Setting example is as the buck plate 35 that can be assembly bench for this reason, and this buck plate is included in this unshowned multiple pin such as three or four pins.These pins 33 are all surrounded by spring part 34 such as helical spring, and can realize flexibly supporting the holding device 10 with workpiece 28,29.Holding device 10 is such as made of aluminum.
In order to be linked together with riveting each other by two workpiece 28,29, columniform connector is inserted into coaxially arranged hole or opening 31, in 32.
Figure 5 shows that the partial sectional view of jockey 1.Can see two workpiece 28,29 in this details drawing, their opening is arranged coaxially along the axis of operation 18 of jockey.Also can see connector 36, it is made up of the material of plastically deformable and is designed to cylindrical in this embodiment.Preferably, the opening in connector 36 or rivet and workpiece 28,29 has certain form fit.
Now, two electrodes being designed to riveted joint placer 24,25 are disposed in above and below connector 36.In riveting process, particularly when hot riveting, the electrode 24,25 being below called as rivet placer (Nietsetzer) moves towards the direction of connector 36 along axis of operation 18.
Fig. 6 shows the working condition of jockey 1 during hot riveting.Control device 13 is suitably controlled drive unit 11,12 by suitable control signal CT, and first they are moved along the direction of bonding station.Therefore two rivet placers 24,25 push up and are pressed onto on connector 36.Control device 13 utilizes and causes the hot-fluid 37 between electrode or rivet placer 24,25 to flow through connector 36 at this unshowned power supply.Preferably, the resistance of the material of connector 36 is higher than electrode or rivet placer 24,25.Thus, connector is heated and expands due to heat supply in this case.Rivet or the connector 36 of heat of heat have particularly preferred hole wall characteristic (Lochleibungseigenschaften), thus can also to have in workpiece 28,29 be in principle not exclusively circular or symmetrical opening.
According to some aspects of method, carry out the hot riveting of oscillatory type, wherein, from above and below be applied to power to oscillatory type by warmed-up riveting parts or heat connector 36 simultaneously.This has been come by the control carried out by means of control device 13 and the such as pneumatic driver 11,12 of welding-or riveted joint 2,3.Though by means of be welding-or riveted joint 24,25 or the elastic supporting member for supporting optical member of work support 10 8,9, can especially neat and well spacedlyly and equably power is applied on riveting location.Thus achieve the even and high processing quality of riveted joint.By cooperatively interacting of the power effect on connector 36 of being applied to by electric current 37 heat supply and oscillating movement and then electrode or rivet placer, the connector 36 of heat is deformed.
Figure 7 shows that a modification of the clinching method that the workpiece for having the plane in hole to three connects.Fig. 7 illustrates three sheet metals 28,29,38, and wherein, each plate 28,29,38 is all connected by rivet.The rivet placer 25 of another electrode of the rivet placer 24 can seeing an electrode of the formation plumb joint acted on from above and this plumb joint of formation acted on from below or another plumb joint.Arrow 16,17 represents motion and the power effect of plumb joint.Resiliency supported to electrode or riveted joint 24,25 is also shown.
Originally deforming for cylinder-shaped link 36 of rivet form is as shown in Figure 7 made because of electric current and mechanism.Obtain rivet bar 39 thus, its top and bottom are stopped by riveted joint 40,41 respectively.Because first the material of connector expands when hot riveting, so riveted joint shrinks a little when cooling, and realize closing of special sealing, and parts or workpiece 28,29,38 are connected to each other.Additional power frictional fit is created by the contraction of rivet bar.
Thus, can realize proposed method and the jockey introduced and the extensive use in production line or assembly bench thereof, this jockey can realize riveting process and welding procedure to combine.Repeatedly use electric resistance welding joint resource, thus additional joint station or docking station need not be provided in assembly work.Replacing welding electrode or the electrode deployment for electric resistance welding joint have adapter just enough simply.
When riveting operation, suitably adjustment flows through the electric current of riveting parts or connector, thus heats the material of connector, but workpiece does not weld or melts.Thus, the especially small to medium electromechanical component that must engage by using resistance head resource to achieve manufacture effectively in different joint methods and hot riveting and electric resistance welding flexibly.
Described workpiece majority is the semi-finished product will processed further on different assembly bench.In general, the joint station of the improvement of jockey form as described can be obtained, and pass through proposed method of attachment and can expand ground and use conventional electric resistance welding to go to the station to meet somebody with improvement.
Although described in detail details of the present invention by preferred embodiment, the present invention is not limited to disclosed example, and those skilled in the art can derive other modification thus, and does not depart from protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1., for connecting a method for workpiece (28,29), comprising:
-the electric resistance welding joint with at least two electrodes (3,4) (2,3) is provided;
-replace at least one electrode (3,4) with riveted joint placer (24,25), or the electrode (3,4) that at least one has the adapter (23) comprising riveted joint placer is set;
-workpiece (28,29) that two have opening (31,32) is respectively positioned at electric resistance welding joint (2) electrode (3,4) or riveted joint placer (24,25) between, make described opening (31,32) coaxial;
-connector (36) is inserted in described opening (31,32); And
-described workpiece (28,29) is riveted each other, wherein, described connector (36) deforms by means of electrode (3,4) and/or riveted joint placer (24,25).
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, also comprise: feeding is used for adding the electric current (37) flowing through described electrode (3,4) and/or riveted joint placer (24,25) and connector (36) of thermal attach (36).
3. according to the method described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, described electrode (24,25) relative to each other does oscillating movement along the axis of operation (18) extended through described connector (36) during riveting.
4. according to the method one of claims 1 to 3 Suo Shu, wherein, described workpiece (28,29) is resiliently maintained in workpiece accommodation section (30).
5. according to the method one of Claims 1 to 4 Suo Shu, wherein, use connector (39) to rivet the workpiece (28,29,38) that at least three have opening respectively.
6. according to the method one of Claims 1 to 5 Suo Shu, wherein, riveted joint placer (24,25) is used to replace respectively at two electrodes (3,4), or be respectively arranged with the adapter (23) comprising riveted joint placer, and by means of two riveted joint placers (24), described connector (36) deformed.
7. according to the method one of claim 1 ~ 6 Suo Shu, wherein, electric resistance welding joint (2) is designed in welding position (15), two other workpiece (6,7) are heated to fusing by electric current (14).
8. in accordance with the method for claim 7, also comprise:
-the electric resistance welding joint (2) without riveted joint placer is provided;
-two other workpiece (6,7) are positioned between electrode (4,5); And
-two other workpiece (6,7) are welded to one another together in welding position (15) by means of described electric resistance welding joint (2).
9. according to the method one of claim 1 ~ 8 Suo Shu, wherein, when welding, two electrodes (4,5) are moved relative to welding position (15) and constant power are applied on welding position (15).
10. the jockey (1) be connected to each other for using electric resistance welding joint (2) to make workpiece (6,7,28,29,38), this electric resistance welding joint comprises at least two electrodes (3,4,24,25), wherein, described electric resistance welding joint (2) is designed in welding position (15), workpiece (6,7) is heated to fusing by means of electric current (14), wherein, at least one electrode (24,25) is designed to riveted joint placer.
11. according to jockey according to claim 10 (1), and wherein, described jockey (1) is designed to implement according to the method one of claim 1 ~ 9 Suo Shu.
12. according to the jockey (1) described in claim 10 or 11, also has the holding device (10) for flexibly supporting described workpiece (6,7,28,29,38).
13. according to the jockey (1) one of claim 10 ~ 12 Suo Shu, also has the drive unit (11,12) being provided for described electrode (3,4) and/or riveted joint placer (24,25) and relative to each other moving on axis of operation (18).
14. according to the jockey (1) one of claim 10 ~ 12 Suo Shu, wherein, described electrode (4,5) and/or riveted joint placer (24,25) with axis of operation (18) for benchmark flexibly supports.
CN201280074681.5A 2012-07-12 2012-11-26 Method for connecting workpieces, and connection device Pending CN104661771A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102012212214.1 2012-07-12
DE201210212214 DE102012212214A1 (en) 2012-07-12 2012-07-12 Method for connecting workpieces and connecting device
PCT/EP2012/073589 WO2014008960A1 (en) 2012-07-12 2012-11-26 Method for connecting workpieces, and connection device

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CN104661771A true CN104661771A (en) 2015-05-27

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CN (1) CN104661771A (en)
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WO (1) WO2014008960A1 (en)

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