CN104660087A - 光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器 - Google Patents

光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器 Download PDF

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CN104660087A
CN104660087A CN201310601050.0A CN201310601050A CN104660087A CN 104660087 A CN104660087 A CN 104660087A CN 201310601050 A CN201310601050 A CN 201310601050A CN 104660087 A CN104660087 A CN 104660087A
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circuit
square wave
inverter
wave signals
power supply
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王滨
李冠一
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HARBIN GONGCHENG TECHNOLOGY VENTURE CAPITAL Co Ltd
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HARBIN GONGCHENG TECHNOLOGY VENTURE CAPITAL Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201310601050.0A priority Critical patent/CN104660087A/zh
Publication of CN104660087A publication Critical patent/CN104660087A/zh
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/538Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration
    • H02M7/53803Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M7/53806Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current in a push-pull configuration of the parallel type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M7/53873Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with digital control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Abstract

一种光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器,主要基于电力电子技术以及开关电源电路技术等基础知识,采用经典的一次逆变实现逆变器的设计。首先是由CD4069UB外围电路构成方波发生电路。然后将此方波信号分成两路,其中一路经过一个反相器后与另一路方波信号形成信号反相。再接下来,两路反相的方波信号经过两个三极管构成的两个基本共射放大电路,将其方波信号的电压放大,互为反相的方波信号通过全桥逆变电路,通过增强型MOSFET场效应管的交替通断形成的交变电压通过工频变压器的升压使得此逆变电路的逆变得以完成,可供负载使用。

Description

光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种逆变器,特别涉及一种光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器。
背景技术
在航海系统中,光纤航姿设备的后备电源的地位尤其突出,因为一旦舰电丢失,整个系统就将处于瘫痪状态,会给整个航海系统带来不可估量的损失。光纤航姿设备后备电源采用12V铅酸蓄电池,而光纤航姿设备的温控箱工作在交流220V,这就要求电源装置能够在舰电丢失的情况下,将直流12V逆变为交流220V,保障温控箱在舰电丢失的情况下仍继续工作,从而保证光纤航姿设备还能继续保精度工作。本课题就是要完成将直流12V逆变为交流220V的逆变电路的设计工作。
与整流的概念相对应的,把直流电变成交流电的过程称为逆变(DC/AC)。正是把直流电转换成交流电这一具有革命性的划时代的过程,使得人们的生活方式与节奏开启了崭新的时代,人们可以在失去市电的情况下仍能用备用电源完成很多工作,而能够完成这一功能的电路正是逆变电路,能够实现此过程的装置被称为逆变器或逆变设备,运用逆变技术极大地丰富了人们的生活,使人们的生活水平和品质跨入了一个崭新的、更具节奏感的时代,产生了质的飞跃。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为光纤航姿设备的温控箱提供一种非常方便的电源交直流转换器,克服方波逆变器不能带感性负载的缺点。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器,其组成包括方波信号发生电路、用于场效应管驱动作用的基本放大电路、MOSFET场效应管电源开关电路、保护电路、滤波网络。
所述的一种光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器,其特征是都采用体积及重量比较小巧的变压器、滤波电容、电容,使装置噪声降低,反应速度提高。
本发明设计了一款高性能的供光纤航姿设备温控箱使用的逆变电源。该逆变电源主要基于电力电子技术以及开关电源电路技术等基础知识,采用经典的一次逆变实现逆变器的设计。首先是由CD4069UB外围电路构成的方波发生电路。然后将此方波信号分成两路,其中一路经过一个反相器后与另一路方波信号形成信号反相。再接下来,两路反相的方波信号经过两个三极管构成的两个基本共射放大电路,将其方波信号的电压放大,作为反相的方波信号通过全桥逆变电路,增强型MOSFET场效应管是本设计方案的核心部件,此时在电路中,由两组每组分别有一个P、N沟道增强型MOSFET场效应管组成的全桥逆变电路,当一组输入电平为低电平时,另一组一定是相反的高电平,当一组输入高电平时,另一组也一定是相反的低电平。正是它们的反相工作使得通过它的交替通断形成的交变电压通过工频变压器的升压使得此逆变电路的功能得以完成。而且,应用本方案的另外一个好处就是本方案设计出来的逆变电路还可以作为交流辅助电源来使用。它是通过极性电容在振荡级振荡所产生的所需要的50Hz的交流信号以及它和CD4069UB所产生出来的方波,再通过三极管构成的基本共射电路作为推动级的放大,然后把放大后的方波电压信号送入以MOSFET场效应开关管所构成的推挽输出级经过放大,最后再经过变压器的升压,从而感应出所需要的220V/50Hz的交流电压。
它由方波信号发生电路、用于场效应管驱动作用的基本放大电路、MOSFET场效应管电源开关电路、保护电路、滤波网络组成。它采用的变压器、滤波电容、电容的体积及重量都比较小巧,噪声降低,反应速度提高。该逆变器的主要功能是把光纤航姿设备上的蓄电瓶提供的12V直流电压变换成温控箱所需要的220V/50Hz的交流电,来对温控箱进行供电,以防在舰电丢失的情况下蒙受不必要的损失。
本发明的优点是:本设计具有灵活方便、适用范围广的特点,基本能够满足实践需求。而且本设计采用的逆变方式,具有噪声降低、反应速度提高以及电路调整灵活的优点。设计符合逆变电源小型化、轻量化、高频化以及高可靠性、低噪声等的主流发展趋势。
附图说明
图1为本发明的原理框图;
图2为SG3525A管脚示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图举例对本发明做更详细地描述:
一种光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器,其组成包括方波信号发生电路、用于场效应管驱动作用的基本放大电路、MOSFET场效应管电源开关电路、保护电路、滤波网络。
其特征是都采用体积及重量比较小巧的变压器、滤波电容、电容,使装置噪声降低,反应速度提高。
结合图1,图1是本发明的原理框图。从图中可以看出本逆变电路采用的是简单的一次逆变的方式。首先是由CD4069UB外围电路构成的方波发生电路。然后将此方波信号分成两路,其中一路经过一个反相器后与另一路方波信号形成信号反相。再接下来,两路反相的方波信号经过两个三极管构成的两个基本共射放大电路,将其方波信号的电压放大,作为反相的方波信号通过全桥逆变电路,增强型MOSFET场效应管是本设计方案的核心部件,此时在电路中,由两组每组分别有一个P、N沟道增强型MOSFET场效应管组成的全桥逆变电路,当一组输入电平为低电平时,另一组一定是相反的高电平,当一组输入高电平时,另一组也一定是相反的低电平。正是它们的反相工作使得通过它的交替通断形成的交变电压通过工频变压器的升压使得此逆变电路的功能得以完成。而且,应用本方案的另外一个好处就是本方案设计出来的逆变电路还可以作为交流辅助电源来使用。
本发明的设计具体包括:1)利用CD4069UB产生方波信号发生器的设计;2)利用KSP2222A三极管构成基本共射放大电路的设计;3)场效应管驱动电路以及场效应管电源开关电路的设计;4)外围过载、过热保护电路,振荡、滤波电路的设计。
结合图2,图2为SG3525A管脚示意图。由美国硅通用公司(Silicon General)生产的集成脉宽调制器SG3525A是一种新型的双端输出式的脉宽调制器,工作频率高于100kHz,工作温度为0℃~70℃,适宜构成100W~500W中功率推挽输出式开关电源。引脚1、2分别为反向输入端和同向输入端,它们均是属于内部放大器的。1脚与基准电压输出端16脚连接,使1脚为高电平。2脚接地。3脚为同步端,此处仅一片芯片,故3脚不用。4脚为振荡器输出,亦不使用。5脚接振荡电容和6脚接振荡电阻将确定内部锯齿波的振荡频率。7端的电阻为振荡电容的放电端。为了有利于通过死区电阻来调节死区时间,最好把充电回路和放电回路分开处理,使死区时间调节范围更宽,放电电阻越大,放电时间越长;反之,则放电时间短。8脚为软启动端,通常外接一个5uF的电容用于软启动。9脚为补偿端,此电路中输入正弦波,10脚为封锁端,引脚电位大于0.7V时,芯片停止工作,和相应的保护电路相连。11、14脚交替输出相位相反的脉冲波。12脚接地端。13、15脚为电源端,接外接电源。在本次设计中振荡电容为2200pF,振荡电阻R34和R35分别为10K、1K,则内部锯齿波振荡频率为56.8KHz。

Claims (2)

1.一种光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器,其组成包括方波信号发生电路、用于场效应管驱动作用的基本放大电路、MOSFET场效应管电源开关电路、保护电路、滤波网络。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器,其特征是都采用体积及重量比较小巧的变压器、滤波电容、电容,使装置噪声降低,反应速度提高。
CN201310601050.0A 2013-11-25 2013-11-25 光纤航姿设备后备电源逆变器 Pending CN104660087A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20150527