CN104658819A - 用于中压开关装置的致动器 - Google Patents

用于中压开关装置的致动器 Download PDF

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CN104658819A
CN104658819A CN201410655547.5A CN201410655547A CN104658819A CN 104658819 A CN104658819 A CN 104658819A CN 201410655547 A CN201410655547 A CN 201410655547A CN 104658819 A CN104658819 A CN 104658819A
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core
screw
permanent magnet
actuator
core component
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CN104658819B (zh
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C·罗伊贝尔
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ABB Technology AG
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ABB Transmit Oy
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/127Assembling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/54Mechanisms for coupling or uncoupling operating parts, driving mechanisms, or contacts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02Details
    • H01H33/28Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H33/38Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/04Mounting complete relay or separate parts of relay on a base or inside a case
    • H01H50/041Details concerning assembly of relays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6662Operating arrangements using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于中压开关装置的致动器,其具有:芯部,其由借助具有螺钉头的螺钉固定的一组由磁性材料制成的芯部元件层和在所述芯部元件之间的永磁体构成;由磁性材料制成的活动板;用于打开或关闭到芯部的磁路的活动板;由所述芯部元件围绕的电磁线圈;和中心致动器杆。为了避免由突出的螺钉头部机械侵占致动器的环境而不弱化磁力,用于所述芯部元件层和所述永磁体的机械连接的螺钉垂直于所述芯部元件层的堆叠平面,并且用于所述螺钉的螺钉孔穿过所述芯部元件层和所述永磁体,并且所述螺钉孔终止于直径扩大的开口,以便使所述螺钉头部和/或螺母定位成沉头到这些直径扩大的开口中。

Description

用于中压开关装置的致动器
技术领域
本发明涉及根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的用于中压开关装置的致动器,其具有:芯部,其由借助具有螺钉头的螺钉固定的一组由磁性材料制成的芯部元件层和在所述芯部元件之间的永磁体构成;由磁性材料制成的活动板;用于打开或关闭到芯部的磁路的活动板;由所述芯部元件围绕的电磁线圈;和中心致动器杆。
背景技术
在EP 1843375 B1中提出的磁性致动器主要由芯部元件1、永磁体2和侧翼3、活动板4、轴5以及线圈6构成。
为了形成牢固的单元,需要以机械牢固的方式连接这些部件。尤其是芯部元件1和侧翼3必须固定成使其上端与活动板4良好地对准,以获得致动器的最优锁定力。
为了实现该机械牢固连接,可以使优选地由非磁性材料制成的杆11借助螺钉12固定至芯部元件1和侧翼3。
永磁体2由于外部机械约束而保持就位。其也可以粘接至任意其相邻部件。
螺钉及其对应的孔的正常尺寸公差允许芯部1和侧翼3的调整,以便使其朝向活动板4的相应表面被对准,使得在关闭位置中残留的附加气隙最小并且锁定力最大。
杆11和螺钉12的头部需要在致动器的封闭环境中的空间。该空间有可能是不可用的或者该空间要求将实际上减小致动器的最大尺寸和锁定力。
在EP 2312606 B1中提供了一示例,其中致动器集成在柱部件的绝缘壳体中并且当应增大致动器的尺寸时杆11和螺钉12将与壳体发生干涉。
因此本发明的目的是避免由突出的螺钉头部对致动器环境的机械侵占。
发明内容
因此本发明在于用于所述芯部元件层和所述永磁体的机械连接的螺钉垂直于所述芯部元件层的堆叠平面定向,并且用于所述螺钉的螺钉孔穿过所述芯部元件层和所述永磁体,并且所述螺钉孔终止于直径扩大的开口,以便使所述螺钉头部和/或螺母定位成沉头到这些直径扩大的开口中。
在一有利实施例中,所述永磁体和/或磁性芯部材料层的尺寸设计成使得所述永磁体和/或磁性芯部元件层根据穿过所述永磁体对准的所述螺钉孔和/或扩大的开口的材料减少体积的量在构造上被考虑,这是因为所述材料减少体积增加在所述永磁体的侧翼处。
因此,所述螺钉孔的所述直径扩大的开口的体积由
Vo=π*Tm*D2/4(Tm是磁体的厚度)
给出,并且所述芯部元件层和/或所述永磁体的侧翼的对应材料体积扩大由Vm=dW*H*Tm给出,从而ΣVo=ΣVm。
由此,芯部元件层的所需磁性或剩余材料的尺寸考虑了螺钉孔中的扩大开口。这是直接在芯部的构造中考虑的。
本发明公开提出使用一个或多个固定螺钉,所述固定螺钉延伸通过永磁体中的孔并且通过侧翼和芯部中的孔和/或螺纹。
所述的致动器有利地应用在中压断路器中。
附图说明
图1和2示出所述磁性致动器的外观。所有螺钉头部都是沉头的并且不会导致与致动器环境的机械冲突。
图2对应于图5。
图3、4和5示出可能的螺钉方案的剖视图:
-短螺钉21,其穿过永磁体23并且其对应螺纹在芯部22中,
-长螺钉31和螺母32,或
-长螺钉41,其对应内螺纹在相对的侧翼42中。
具体实施方式
穿过致动器本体并且尤其穿过永磁体23的孔将必然使得磁通量减小并且因此致动器的锁定力减小。磁通量损失的主要原因是由于具有直径D的孔使得永磁体的有效面积(W×H)减小。该减小的有效面积可以通过宽度W的增大dW补偿,如图6所示。
当孔的面积与侧部处额外面积相同:dW×H=π×D2/4时,永磁体的原始有效面积得以重建并且锁定力与图1和2中的致动器相同。
宽度的增大dW远小于孔D的直径,并且也远小于杆11和螺钉头12所需要的额外宽度,因此由于本发明而可以减小致动器的总尺寸而不损失锁定力。
在侧翼中,较大直径的铁材料被去除以提供用于螺栓头的空间。该区域对磁性不是非常重要,以至于在该区域中去除铁将不会导致锁定力的显著损失。这是根据本发明公开的主要优点,这是因为较大的螺钉头部现在处于这样的位置,即,它们不侵占致动器的环境并且它们不会减小致动器的锁定力。
优选地,应选择具有较小头部直径——包括组装工具所需空间——的螺钉类型,如根据DIN 912或DIN 7984的螺钉。
用于螺钉的锁定元件优选地是这种类型的,即,其所要求的直径并不显著大于螺钉头部自身的直径,例如根据DIN 127或DIN 128的防松垫圈。
在由于致动器的应用而有进一步空间约束的情况下,所提供的方案能从致动器的角部51去除铁材料,如图7所示。而且这里侧翼的铁对于磁性并不是非常重要,以至于并不会通过去除该区域中的铁而显著减小锁定力。对于根据图2的设计,无法进一步减小致动器所需空间。

Claims (4)

1.用于中压开关装置的致动器,其具有:芯部,该芯部由借助具有螺钉头的螺钉固定的一组由磁性材料制成的芯部元件层和在所述芯部元件之间的永磁体构成;由磁性材料制成的活动板;用于打开或关闭到芯部的磁路的活动板;由所述芯部元件围绕的电磁线圈;和中心致动器杆,
其特征在于,
用于所述芯部元件层和所述永磁体的机械连接的螺钉垂直于所述芯部元件层的堆叠平面定向,并且用于所述螺钉的螺钉孔穿过所述芯部元件层和所述永磁体,并且所述螺钉孔终止于直径扩大的开口,以便使所述螺钉头部和/或螺母定位成沉头到这些直径扩大的开口中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的致动器,其特征在于,所述永磁体和/或磁性芯部材料层的尺寸设计成使得所述永磁体和/或磁性芯部元件层根据穿过所述永磁体对准的所述螺钉孔和/或扩大的开口的材料减少体积的量在构造上被考虑,这是因为所述材料减少体积增加在所述永磁体的侧翼处。
3.根据权利要求2所述的致动器,其特征在于,所述螺钉孔的所述直径扩大的开口的体积由Vo=π*Tm*D2/4给出,并且所述芯部元件层和/或所述永磁体的侧翼的对应材料体积扩大由Vm=dW*H*Tm给出,从而ΣVo=ΣVm。
4.中压断路器,其具有根据上述权利要求中的任意一项所述的致动器。
CN201410655547.5A 2013-11-18 2014-11-18 用于中压开关装置的致动器 Expired - Fee Related CN104658819B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13005415.8A EP2874169B1 (en) 2013-11-18 2013-11-18 Actuator for medium voltage switchgear
EP13005415.8 2013-11-18

Publications (2)

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CN104658819A true CN104658819A (zh) 2015-05-27
CN104658819B CN104658819B (zh) 2017-09-15

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US (1) US9478342B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2874169B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN104658819B (zh)
IN (1) IN2014DE03316A (zh)
RU (1) RU2608165C2 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA201408441B (zh)

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Publication number Publication date
RU2608165C2 (ru) 2017-01-17
US20150137914A1 (en) 2015-05-21
RU2014146047A (ru) 2016-06-10
EP2874169B1 (en) 2016-09-14
US9478342B2 (en) 2016-10-25
ZA201408441B (en) 2017-06-28
IN2014DE03316A (zh) 2015-07-24
EP2874169A1 (en) 2015-05-20
CN104658819B (zh) 2017-09-15

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