CN104655463B - Vibration table-based sample preparation device and vibration table-based sample preparation method for large-scale triaxial test of coarse grained soil - Google Patents
Vibration table-based sample preparation device and vibration table-based sample preparation method for large-scale triaxial test of coarse grained soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104655463B CN104655463B CN201510066219.6A CN201510066219A CN104655463B CN 104655463 B CN104655463 B CN 104655463B CN 201510066219 A CN201510066219 A CN 201510066219A CN 104655463 B CN104655463 B CN 104655463B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vibration table-based sample preparation device and a vibration table-based sample preparation method for a large-scale triaxial test of coarse grained soil. An improved table top of a vibration table is adopted, so that a sample base and a protective arm can be fixed and conveniently disassembled and lifted; based on the vibration effect of the vibration table, samples are compacted by vibration layer by layer, so that the grain breakage rate of the coarse grained soil samples can be reduced in the sample preparation process; the heights of all the layers of samples can be monitored in real time by a vernier caliper capable of freely moving along the vertical direction, so that the density of the samples can be better controlled; the prepared samples are placed on a GDS large dynamic triaxial test apparatus by a small-sized crane; after the device and the method are used, low breakage rate, easy control and high accuracy are realized in the large-scale triaxial test process on the whole; the device and the method have great promotion and popularization functions for large-scale triaxial static and dynamic tests related to the coarse grained soil in the future.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil dynamics laboratory test technical field, it is related to a kind of system of the quiet dynamic triaxial tests of coarse grain soil large-scale
Sampling device and method, particularly to a kind of sample preparation device of the coarse-grained soil Large-scale Triaxial Experiments based on shake table and method.
Background technology
With the continuous growth to trip demand for the economic development, China's Transport Facility Construction enters high speed development rank
Section.Highway is typically made up of coarse-grained soil with railway bed, in high speed, heavy loading and big flow traffic cyclic load
Under, often occurring between roadbed particle slides extrudes and crushes, and macro manifestations go out excessive subgrade settlement, and subgrade stiffness weakens and makes
In ground, stress is significantly increased, or even causes road unstability.Therefore, it is necessary to the mechanical deformation characteristic for roadbed filling is carried out
Research, to improve the military service performance of roadbed filling layer.And roadbed filling is made up of coarse-grained soil, particle size range is 0.1mm-
60mm, due to the restriction of specimen finish and the largest particles material diameter ratio, traditional small-sized triaxial instrument cannot be carried out different gradation
The dynamic characteristics of big Grain-size Coarse soil down.The dynamic characteristics of coarse-grained soil need to be studied, more often using large-scale quiet dynamic triaxial apparatus
See a diameter of 30cm of coarse grain soil large-scale sample, a height of 60cm, in sample, the maximum particle diameter of granular soil is up to 60mm.How to control
The packing of sample, reduces crushing of particle in sample making course and does not change sample level and be made into as research successfully key.At present
Conventional sample debulking methods are divided into compacting process and vibro-compaction method.Compacting process be divided into manually hit real and electronic hit reality, manually hit real need
Will larger human cost, electronic to hit real cost high, and sample is easily broken during hitting reality, can lead to the change that level is joined
Change.Reducing filler percentage of damage is the key making the big three axle samples of high-quality.There is scholar to place vibrator in specimen surface to carry out
Layering jolt ramming is controlling percentage of damage, but surface vibrator exciting force is limited, and be unable to every layer of specimen height of real-time monitoring it is impossible to
The packing of Control Assay very well.So present invention aim at exploring a kind of system of the new quiet dynamic triaxial tests of coarse grain soil large-scale
Quadrat method, more preferable Control Assay packing, reduce Particle Breakage rate in sample making course, reach more preferable sample quality, and energy
Reduce human cost.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of examination of coarse grain soil large-scale three axle based on shake table
The sample preparation device tested and method, to improve coarse-grained soil Large-scale Triaxial Experiments precision and efficiency, the more packing of precise control sample,
Reduce the percentage of damage of sample, reduce the impact to result of the test for the sample preparation error.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following purpose：A kind of coarse-grained soil Large-scale Triaxial Experiments based on shake table
Sample preparation device；
This device includes concrete foundation, shake table bottom, frequency modulation motor, vibrating spring, shake table top, sample bottom
Disk, specimen mount, retaining wall, connector, rubber membrane, permeable slabstone, filter paper, cushion block, counterweight, four-bladed vane and slide measure, sleeve；
Shake table bottom is fixedly mounted in concrete foundation, and frequency modulation motor is arranged in shake table bottom；Four vibrations
Lower spring end is fixedly mounted on above shake table bottom, and shake table top is fixedly mounted on four vibrating spring upper ends；Described shake
The upper surface on dynamic platform top is vibration table, has applied antirust oil reservoir on vibration table；Sample chassis is fixedly mounted on vibration
On table top, sample chassis side wall has four symmetrical chassis grooves；
Specimen mount is made up of upper round platform and lower round platform, and lower round platform is installed in sample chassis, the height of lower round platform and sample
The interior height on chassis is equal；Lower round platform has four symmetrical base grooves, and four chassis grooves are recessed with four bases respectively
Groove is relatively；Upper round platform is fixed on above lower round platform, and upper round platform diameter is less than the diameter of lower round platform；Retaining wall is arranged on outside round platform
In week, retaining wall is provided with two handles；Connector one end is connected with handle, and the other end is fixed on vibration table；Rubber Membrane cover
On the madial wall of retaining wall；Permeable slabstone and filter paper are sequentially placed on specimen mount in retaining wall, in retaining wall, place sample, cushion block is put
Above sample, counterweight is placed in above cushion block；Four-bladed vane is arranged on retaining wall top surface, and it is some that four-bladed vane has slot,
Slide measure inserts in slot；Described sleeve is made up of sleeve upper strata and sleeve lower floor, and sleeve upper strata internal diameter is equal to retaining wall
Internal diameter, sleeve lower floor internal diameter is more than retaining wall external diameter, is highly equal to sleeve top surface to handle height.During use, sleeve lower floor is enclosed within
Outside retaining wall, sleeve bottom end is placed on two one or two on hand.
A kind of method for making sample of the coarse-grained soil Large-scale Triaxial Experiments based on shake table, the method comprises the following steps：
(1) specimen mount is positioned in chassis, four chassis grooves are relative with four base grooves respectively.At sample bottom
Permeable slabstone and filter paper is put on seat；
(2) rubber membrane is inserted on base, then retaining wall is enclosed within outside rubber membrane, be positioned over lower round platform and chassis top
Edge is constituted in plane, and connects retaining wall handle and vibration table with connector；
(3) divide five layers of filling sample, the high cm of every layer of sample, then chipping sample top surface guarantee that top surface is smooth.Put on sample
Upper cushion block and counterweight, then put four-bladed vane in retaining wall top surface, insert slide measure in four-bladed vane；
(4) open frequency modulation motor；By vernier caliper reading, real-time monitoring specimen height, when reaching intended height, close
Fall frequency modulation motor, unload counterweight, load one layer with same method；
(5) when loading last layer, sleeve is enclosed within outside retaining wall, loads sample, then chipping sample top surface guarantees to push up
Face is smooth；Cushion block and counterweight are put on sample, opens frequency modulation motor, vibration is until sample top surface is flushed with retaining wall top surface；
(6) holdfast is inserted four chassis grooves until base groove, sample is sling together with specimen mount and retaining wall, puts
On large-scale three axle sample instruments, complete sample preparation.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is, achieve the vibrating compacting sample preparation of test by improved shake table, decrease
Percentage of damage in sample making course for the coarse-grained soil；By the vernier calliper slide calliper rule vertically moving freely, can be well in layering jolt ramming
The height of every layer of sample of real-time monitoring, with the packing of more preferable Control Assay；Improved vibration table can facilitate sample and phase
Answer installation, dismounting and the lifting of base and retaining wall, can be directly placed on GDS large-scale dynamic triaxial tests instrument by small-sized crane
Carry out follow-up test.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is that the present invention improves shake table sample-preparing system schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention fills front four layers of sample schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is present invention dress layer 5 sample schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation on chassis；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of specimen mount；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of sleeve section；
In figure, concrete foundation 1, shake table bottom 2, vibrating spring 3, shake table top 4, vibration table 5, sample chassis
6th, chassis groove 6a, specimen mount 7, upper round platform 7a, lower round platform 7b, base groove 7c, retaining wall 8, connector 9, rubber membrane 10, thoroughly
Water slabstone, filter paper, sample 13, cushion block 14, counterweight 15, four-bladed vane 16 and slide measure 17, sleeve 18, sleeve upper strata 18a, sleeve
Lower floor 18b.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figs. 1 to 6, the whole shake table that improves all is fixed in concrete foundation 1 with expansion bolt, to avoid vibrating
Shake in platform vibration processes broken ceramic tile, leads to the uneven generation in shake table bottom eccentric force, affects sample preparation effect.Shake table bottom 2 is built-in
There are special frequency modulation motor, controllable vibration frequency and amplitude, noise is little.Four vibrating spring 3 lower ends are fixedly mounted on shake table
Lower top, shake table top 4 is fixedly mounted on four vibrating spring 3 upper ends；Antirust oil reservoir has been coated on vibration table 5, and
Use transparent plastic mask.Vibration table center secures sample chassis 6 as shown in Figure 4, for constraining specimen mount 7.Sample
Four symmetrical chassis groove 6a are had on the wall of chassis 6, so that used by lifting sample after installing sample.As shown in figure 5, sample
Base 7 is made up of upper round platform 7a and lower round platform 7b, and lower round platform 7b is relatively large in diameter, and is just put in that in sample chassis 6, (its diameter is smaller
In sample chassis 6 internal diameter), the height of lower round platform 7b is equal with the interior height on sample chassis 6, when being put in sample chassis 6, leaves office
The top surface of face 7b is contour with sample chassis 6 top edge, supports retaining wall 8 for common, prevents retaining wall 8 from lower circle during dress sample
Platform 7b slides.The bottom of lower round platform 7b also has four symmetrical base groove 7c, respectively with sample chassis 6 wall on bottom
Disk groove 6a aligns, so that insertion lengthens holdfast lifting sample during lifting.Upper round platform 7a diameter is less, for placing examination
Sample.Retaining wall 8 is positioned over the periphery of round platform 7a, and is located on lower round platform 7b and chassis 6 top edge composition plane.Set on retaining wall 8
It is equipped with left and right handle；Connector 9 one end is connected with handle, and other end anchor is on vibration table 5；Connector 9 is typically by the gaily decorated basket, bullet
Button, hanging ring screw, eyenut assemble, to prevent retaining wall 8 from rocking skew in vibration processes.It is cased with rubber in retaining wall 8
Film 10, retaining wall 8 interior base 7 is sequentially placed permeable slabstone and filter paper.13 points five layers of sample is loaded on inside retaining wall.It is placed with sample
Cushion block 14 and counterweight 15 (100kg), cushion block 14 can prevent counterweight 15 and sample 13 directly contact, it is to avoid coarse-grained soil specimen is shaking
Occur friction with the counterweight 15 that weares and teares with counterweight 15 during dynamic, counterweight 15 diameter is slightly less than retaining wall 8 internal diameter.Retaining wall 8 top surface is put
Four-bladed vane 16, four-bladed vane 16 has some slots, so that insertion slide measure 17 reads the specimen height of diverse location, and
And ensure that vernier paperboard is disposed vertically.When loading layer 5 sample, sleeve 18 is enclosed within the periphery on retaining wall 8 top, sleeve 18
As shown in fig. 6, being made up of sleeve upper strata and sleeve lower floor, sleeve upper strata internal diameter is equal to retaining wall internal diameter, for constraining cushion block 14 He
Counterweight 15, sleeve lower floor internal diameter is more than retaining wall external diameter, is highly equal to sleeve top surface to handle height.Whole sleeve 18 is by retaining wall handle
Hand load-bearing.Entirely in improved shaking table system, part 1 to 6 is respectively long-term standing part, after installation, rear
Immobilize in continuous test, part 7 to 18 is to need to repeat the part of installation and dismantling in each test.
Sample preparation comprises the steps：
(1) specimen mount 7 is positioned in chassis 6, four chassis groove 6a are relative with four base groove 7c respectively.?
Permeable slabstone and filter paper are put on specimen mount 7；
(2) rubber membrane 10 is inserted on base 7, then retaining wall 8 is enclosed within outside rubber membrane 10, be positioned over lower round platform 7b with
Chassis 6 top edge is constituted in plane, and connects retaining wall handle and vibration table surface 5 with connector 9；
(3) divide five layers of filling sample 13, the high cm of every layer of sample, then chipping sample top surface guarantee that top surface is smooth.On sample
Put cushion block 14 and counterweight 15, then put four-bladed vane 16 in retaining wall 8 top surface, in four-bladed vane 16, insert slide measure 17；
(4) open frequency modulation motor；By vernier caliper reading, real-time monitoring specimen height, when reaching intended height, close
Fall frequency modulation motor, unload counterweight 15, load one layer with same method；
(5) when loading last layer, sleeve 18 is enclosed within outside retaining wall 8, loads sample 13, then chipping sample top surface is true
Protect top surface smooth；Cushion block 14 and counterweight 15 are put on sample, opens frequency modulation motor, vibration is until sample top surface is neat with retaining wall top surface
Flat；
(6) insert holdfast respectively up to certain distance in base groove 7c from four chassis groove 6a, by sample together with examination
Sample base 7 and retaining wall 8 are sling, and are placed on Large-scale Triaxial Experiments instrument, complete sample preparation.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of sample preparation device of the coarse-grained soil Large-scale Triaxial Experiments based on shake table is it is characterised in that this device includes coagulation
Earth foundation（1）, shake table bottom（2）, frequency modulation motor, vibrating spring（3）, shake table top（4）, sample chassis（6）, sample bottom
Seat（7）, retaining wall（8）, connector（9）, rubber membrane（10）, permeable slabstone, filter paper, cushion block（14）, counterweight（15）, four-bladed vane（16）
And slide measure（17）, sleeve（18）；
Shake table bottom（2）It is fixedly mounted on concrete foundation（1）On, frequency modulation motor is arranged on shake table bottom（2）Interior；Four
Vibrating spring（3）Lower end is fixedly mounted on above shake table bottom, shake table top（4）It is fixedly mounted on four vibrating springs
（3）Upper end；Described shake table top（4）Upper surface be referred to as vibration table（5）, vibration table（5）On applied antirust oil reservoir；Examination
Sample chassis（6）It is fixedly mounted on vibration table（5）On, sample chassis（6）Four symmetrical chassis grooves are had on the wall of side
（6a）；
Specimen mount（7）By upper round platform（7a）With lower round platform（7b）Composition, lower round platform（7b）Sample chassis is installed（6）Interior, lower circle
Platform（7b）Height and sample chassis（6）Interior height equal；Lower round platform（7b）Have four symmetrical base grooves（7c）,
Four chassis grooves（6a）Respectively with four base grooves（7c）Relatively；Upper round platform（7a）It is fixed on lower round platform（7b）Top, and
Upper round platform（71）Diameter is less than lower round platform（7b）Diameter；Retaining wall（8）It is arranged on round platform（7a）Periphery, retaining wall（8）Upper setting
There are two handles；Connector（9）One end is connected with handle, and the other end is fixed on vibration table（5）On；Rubber membrane（10）It is placed on shield
Wall（8）Madial wall on；Retaining wall（8）Interior specimen mount（7）On be sequentially placed permeable slabstone and filter paper, retaining wall（8）Interior placement is tried
Sample（13）, cushion block（14）It is placed in above sample, counterweight（15）It is placed in above cushion block；Four-bladed vane（16）It is arranged on retaining wall（8）Top surface
On, four-bladed vane（16）On some, the slide measure that has a slot（17）Insert in slot；Described sleeve（18）By sleeve
Upper strata（18a）With sleeve lower floor（18b）Composition, sleeve upper strata（18a）Internal diameter is equal to retaining wall（8）Internal diameter, sleeve lower floor（18b）Interior
Footpath is more than retaining wall（8）External diameter, is highly equal to sleeve（18）Top surface is to handle height, during use, sleeve lower floor（18b）It is enclosed within retaining wall
（8）Outside, sleeve（18）Bottom is placed on two one or two on hand.
2. a kind of method for making sample of the coarse-grained soil Large-scale Triaxial Experiments based on shake table is it is characterised in that the method will in right
Ask and realize on the sample preparation device described in 1, the method comprises the following steps：
（1）By specimen mount（7）It is positioned over chassis（6）Interior, four chassis grooves（6a）Respectively with four base groove (7c) phases
Right；In specimen mount（7）On put permeable slabstone and filter paper；
（2）In base（7）On be inserted in rubber membrane（10）, then by retaining wall（8）It is enclosed within rubber membrane（10）Outside, is positioned over lower round platform
（7b）With chassis（6）Top edge is constituted in plane, and uses connector（9）Connect retaining wall handle and vibration table（5）；
（3）Divide five layers of filling sample（13）, the high cm of every layer of sample, then chipping sample top surface guarantee that top surface is smooth；Put on sample
Upper cushion block（14）And counterweight（15）, then in retaining wall（8）Top surface puts four-bladed vane（16）, four-bladed vane（16）Middle insertion slide measure
（17）；
（4）Open frequency modulation motor；By vernier caliper reading, real-time monitoring specimen height, when reaching intended height, turn off tune
Frequency motor, unloads counterweight（15）, load one layer with same method；
（5）When loading last layer, by sleeve（18）It is enclosed within retaining wall（8）Outside, loads sample（13）, then chipping sample top surface
Guarantee that top surface is smooth；Cushion block is put on sample（14）And counterweight（15）, open frequency modulation motor, vibration is up to sample top surface and retaining wall
Top surface flushes；
（6）By holdfast insertion chassis groove（6a）Until base groove（7c）, by sample together with specimen mount（7）And retaining wall（8）
Sling, be placed on large-scale three axle sample instruments, complete sample preparation.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105181720B (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2017-08-08 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Suitable for the bearing sampling device of coarse grain soil large-scale three and its application method of CT scan |
| CN105510099B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2019-04-12 | 中南大学 | A kind of heterogeneous manipulated soil sample preparation device of heavy type |
| CN112945735B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2024-03-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Layering triaxial experimental tailing material sample loading device |
| CN113670771A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-19 | 李建军 | Variable-pressure vibration maximum dry density measuring device |
| CN113945602A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Experimental device and method for rapid sample loading of metallurgy molten drops |
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| US3861601A (en) * | 1971-01-26 | 1975-01-21 | Kaelin J R | Apparatus for the comminution of domestic refuse |
| US4756861A (en) * | 1986-12-31 | 1988-07-12 | Schultz Ronald C | Vibratory concrete pipe forming apparatus and method |
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