CN104652595B - Half support water storage type greenery patches structure of a kind of urban flood defence and utilization of flood resources - Google Patents
Half support water storage type greenery patches structure of a kind of urban flood defence and utilization of flood resources Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种城市防洪和洪水资源化的半支撑蓄水型绿地结构，包括降雨下渗结构、地下蓄水体输水净水结构与取水用水结构，降雨下渗结构包括路面排水沟、绿地回填土与第一透水软管，第一透水软管横向设于绿地回填土下并与路面排水沟相连通；地下蓄水体输水净水结构包括土工织物、一般透水料、第二透水软管以及两侧的刚性支护，土工织物铺设于第一透水软管下方，土工织物的下方依次设置一般透水料和横向的第二透水软管；取水用水结构包括从地表竖直向下依次设置的取水口、检查井与第三透水软管，第三透水软管与第二透水软管相连通。本发明可以有效改善地下蓄水体构造，降低施工难度及成本，同时也能削减城市洪水的峰值，储存洪水资源。
The present invention proposes a semi-supported water-storage greenbelt structure for urban flood control and flood resource utilization, which includes a rainfall infiltration structure, an underground water storage body water delivery and purification structure, and a water intake structure. The rainfall infiltration structure includes road drainage ditches, The backfill of the green space and the first permeable hose, the first permeable hose is horizontally arranged under the backfill of the green space and connected with the road drainage ditch; the water transportation and purification structure of the underground water storage body includes geotextiles, general permeable materials, and the second The hose and the rigid support on both sides, the geotextile is laid under the first permeable hose, and the general permeable material and the second horizontal permeable hose are arranged under the geotextile in turn; the water intake structure includes vertically downward from the ground surface The set water intake, the inspection well communicate with the third permeable hose, and the third permeable hose communicates with the second permeable hose. The invention can effectively improve the structure of the underground water storage body, reduce construction difficulty and cost, and at the same time reduce the peak value of urban floods and store flood resources.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及城市给排水技术领域，是一种用于缓解城市防洪压力，并收集雨水使其蓄存于地下的半支撑蓄水型绿地结构。 The invention relates to the technical field of urban water supply and drainage, and is a semi-supported water-storage greenbelt structure used to alleviate urban flood control pressure and collect rainwater to store it underground.
背景技术 Background technique
随着城市化进程的加快，越来越多的地面被混凝土和沥青所覆盖，地表大面积的硬化使得道路遇降水时极易产生洪水，从而产生洪峰流量增加、峰现时刻提前、汇流速度增加等一系列城市内涝问题，增加了城市洪水的威胁，给人们的出行和生活带来诸多不便的同时也未能将城市洪水资源有效利用。 With the acceleration of the urbanization process, more and more ground is covered by concrete and asphalt, and the hardening of the large area of the ground makes the road easily flooded when it encounters precipitation, resulting in increased peak flow, earlier peak time, and increased confluence speed. A series of urban waterlogging problems have increased the threat of urban floods, brought a lot of inconvenience to people's travel and life, and failed to effectively utilize urban flood resources.
针对此类问题，一些城市采取相应措施，建设了一批地下蓄洪工程，在一定程度上缓解了城市的防洪压力，但效果不够显著，主要存在以下几方面问题：1、常规地下蓄洪池施工难度大，成本高，且蓄水量力有限，功能单一；2、由于地表、地下污染物随水流一起进入蓄水体，蓄水的水质得不到有效保障；3、普通蓄水体顶部须建设支护工程，不仅工程量大，而且不便于蓄水体后期的维护改进。 In response to such problems, some cities have taken corresponding measures and built a number of underground flood storage projects, which have relieved the city's flood control pressure to a certain extent, but the effect is not significant enough. There are mainly the following problems: 1. The construction of conventional underground flood storage tanks is difficult Large size, high cost, limited water storage capacity, and single function; 2. Since the surface and underground pollutants enter the water storage body together with the water flow, the water quality of the water storage cannot be effectively guaranteed; 3. The top of the ordinary water storage body must be built. It is not only a large amount of engineering, but also inconvenient to maintain and improve the water storage body in the later stage.
因此，有必要研发能够弥补这些方面不足的蓄水型绿地系统，以有效提高城市防洪能力，解决雨洪资源利用问题，保障城市居民的生命财产安全。 Therefore, it is necessary to develop a water-storage green space system that can make up for these deficiencies, so as to effectively improve urban flood control capabilities, solve the problem of rainwater resource utilization, and ensure the safety of life and property of urban residents.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
发明目的：为了克服现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供一种能够削减城市洪水的峰值、储存城市洪水资源城市防洪和洪水资源化的半支撑蓄水型绿地结构。 Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a semi-supported water-storage greenbelt structure that can reduce the peak value of urban floods, store urban flood resources, prevent urban floods, and turn flood resources into resources.
技术方案：为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的一种城市防洪和洪水资源化的半支撑蓄水型绿地结构，包括降雨下渗结构、地下蓄水体输水净水结构与取水用水结构，所述降雨下渗结构包括路面排水沟、绿地回填土与第一透水软管，所述第一透水软管横向设于绿地回填土下并与路面排水沟相连通；所述地下蓄水体输水净水结构包括土工织物、一般透水料、第二透水软管以及两侧的刚性支护，所述土工织物铺设于第一透水软管下方，所述一般透水料设于土工织物的下方，所述第二透水软管横向设于一般透水料下方；所述取水用水结构包括从地表竖直向下依次设置的取水口、检查井与第三透水软管，所述第三透水软管与第二透水软管相连通。 Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a semi-supported water-storage greenbelt structure for urban flood control and flood resource utilization, which includes a rainfall infiltration structure, an underground water storage body water delivery and purification structure, and a water intake structure. The rainfall infiltration structure includes road drainage ditch, green land backfill soil and a first permeable hose, and the first water permeable hose is horizontally arranged under the green land backfill soil and communicated with the road surface drainage ditch; the underground water storage body conveys The water purification structure includes a geotextile, a general permeable material, a second permeable hose and rigid supports on both sides. The geotextile is laid under the first permeable hose, and the general permeable material is arranged under the geotextile. The second water-permeable hose is horizontally arranged under the general water-permeable material; the water intake structure includes a water intake, an inspection well and a third water-permeable hose arranged vertically downward from the ground surface, and the third water-permeable hose and The second permeable hose is connected.
优选地，所述降雨下渗结构位于最上层，所述地下蓄水体输水净水结构位于降雨下渗结构下方，所述取水用水结构穿设于地下蓄水体输水净水结构与降雨下渗结构中，也即取水用水结构与地下蓄水体输水净水结构以及降雨下渗结构紧密相连，利用第三透水软管可以充分吸收地下蓄水体输水净水结构以及降雨下渗结构的水分。 Preferably, the rainfall infiltration structure is located on the uppermost layer, the underground water storage body water delivery and purification structure is located below the rainfall infiltration structure, and the water intake structure is installed between the underground water storage body water delivery and purification structure and the rainfall infiltration structure. In the infiltration structure, that is, the water intake structure is closely connected with the water transfer and purification structure of the underground water storage body and the rainfall infiltration structure. The third permeable hose can fully absorb the water transfer and purification structure of the underground water storage body and the rainfall infiltration structure. moisture in the structure.
优选地，所述绿地结构设于地表下凹处，并与城市路面毗邻。 Preferably, the green space structure is located in a depression under the ground and adjacent to the urban road.
优选地，所述刚性支护采用钢筋混凝土或浆砌块石结构，并与路面排水沟的走向一致。并且只垂向设置，蓄水体顶部不做支护，不改变原有地表景观。可以采用地下连续墙的结构 Preferably, the rigid support adopts a reinforced concrete or mortar block stone structure, and is consistent with the direction of the pavement drainage ditch. And it is only installed vertically, the top of the water storage body is not supported, and the original surface landscape is not changed. The structure of underground diaphragm wall can be adopted
优选地，所述土工织物为滤水型土工织物，允许水通过，阻止细粒土随水流失，雨水通过土工织物下渗到蓄水体，也直接连通到排水沟。 Preferably, the geotextile is a water-filtering geotextile, which allows water to pass through and prevents the fine-grained soil from losing with water. The rainwater seeps down to the water storage body through the geotextile, and is also directly connected to the drainage ditch.
优选地，所述一般透水料位于土工织物下层，可以利用建筑垃圾，其自有空隙可以蓄积雨水，并起到一定支撑作用。 Preferably, the general water-permeable material is located in the lower layer of the geotextile, and construction waste can be used, and its own gaps can accumulate rainwater and play a supporting role.
优选地，地下蓄水体输水净水结构顶部不做支护，不改变原有地表绿地景观；地下蓄水体输水净水结构底部采用开放设计，利用原有土壤向地下渗水，利用土壤的过滤吸附将清洁水源补充到地下水。 Preferably, the top of the water delivery and purification structure of the underground water storage body is not supported, and the original surface green land landscape is not changed; the bottom of the water delivery and purification structure of the underground water storage body adopts an open design, and the original soil is used to seep water underground, and the soil The filter adsorption will replenish the clean water source to the groundwater.
有益效果：本发明对比已有技术具有以下优点： Beneficial effect: compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1.有效削减洪峰，增加防洪调度能力。 1. Effectively reduce flood peaks and increase flood control dispatching capabilities.
城市化中地表的大面积硬化使得洪峰流量增加、峰现时刻提前、汇流速度增加等，人为增加了城市洪水的威胁。大面积绿地改为蓄水体之后，下渗量削减了地表径流的产量、蓄水体减少了洪峰的量级，起到防洪减灾的作用。 The large-scale hardening of the surface during urbanization increases the peak flow rate, advances the peak time, and increases the confluence velocity, artificially increasing the threat of urban floods. After a large area of green land is converted into a water storage body, the amount of infiltration reduces the output of surface runoff, and the water storage body reduces the magnitude of the flood peak, which plays a role in flood control and disaster reduction.
在预测有强降雨发生时，通过检查井抽水排出，增加了蓄水体的可蓄水量，提高对洪水的抗御能力，为城市防洪添加了防洪调度的功能。 When heavy rainfall is predicted, the inspection well pumps out water, which increases the water storage capacity of the water storage body, improves the ability to resist floods, and adds the function of flood control scheduling for urban flood control.
蓄水体长期稳定的对地下水回灌，缓解了城市地下水漏斗的严重程度，一定程度上将丰水年的水资源蓄积在地下水中，提高旱灾的抗灾能力。 The long-term and stable recharge of groundwater by the water storage body alleviates the severity of the urban groundwater funnel, and to a certain extent, accumulates water resources in wet years in groundwater, improving the ability to resist disasters from drought.
2.实现城市洪水的蓄积、净化、使用一体化。 2. Realize the integration of storage, purification and utilization of urban flood.
蓄水体中设置了土工织物，一般透水料等结构，当雨水下渗时可以起到过滤作用从而改善蓄水体中的水质，当蓄水体水量过多时，可以通过透水软管对排水沟反向出流，起到清洁土工织物及透水软管的作用。只要蓄水体有水，就可以抽水灌溉绿地、喷洒路面，节省了大量的自来水，与相似的地下蓄洪池相比，施工难度小、成本低，用途更广泛。 The water storage body is equipped with geotextiles, general permeable materials and other structures, which can filter the rainwater when it seeps down to improve the water quality in the water storage body. Reverse flow to clean geotextile and permeable hose. As long as there is water in the water storage body, water can be pumped to irrigate the green space and spray the road surface, saving a lot of tap water. Compared with similar underground flood storage tanks, it is less difficult to construct, lower in cost and more widely used.
除了上面所述的本发明解决的技术问题、构成技术方案的技术特征以及由这些技术方案的技术特征所带来的优点外，本发明的一种城市防洪和洪水资源化的半支撑蓄水型绿地结构所能解决的其他技术问题、技术方案中包含的其他技术特征以及这些技术特征带来的优点，将结合附图做出进一步详细的说明。 In addition to the above-mentioned technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the advantages brought by the technical features of these technical solutions, a semi-supported water storage type for urban flood prevention and flood resource utilization of the present invention Other technical problems that the green space structure can solve, other technical features included in the technical solution, and the advantages brought by these technical features will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;
图中：1-取水口，2-绿地地表，3-回填土，4-地表水集流方向，5-1、5-2-路面，6-原排水沟，7-第一透水软管，8-1-第一刚性支护，8-2-第二刚性支护，9-土工织物，10-第三透水软管，11-一般透水料，12-第二透水软管，13-原状土，14-自由水体水位，15-地下水位，16-第一下渗方向，17-第二下渗方向，18-检查井。 In the figure: 1- water intake, 2- green land surface, 3- backfill soil, 4- surface water collection direction, 5-1, 5-2- road surface, 6- original drainage ditch, 7- first permeable hose, 8-1-first rigid support, 8-2-second rigid support, 9-geotextile, 10-third permeable hose, 11-general permeable material, 12-second permeable hose, 13-original state Soil, 14-free water body water level, 15-ground water level, 16-first infiltration direction, 17-second infiltration direction, 18-inspection well.
具体实施方式 detailed description
实施例： Example:
下面结合附图对本发明做详细具体的说明。 The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本实施例的一种城市防洪和洪水资源化的半支撑蓄水型绿地结构，其整体结构的横断面如图1所示，包括降雨下渗结构，地下蓄水体输水净水结构以及取水用水结构。降雨下渗结构位于最上层，所述的地下蓄水体输水净水结构位于降雨下渗结构下方，所述的取水用水结构与地下蓄水体输水净水结构以及降雨下渗结构紧密相连。 A semi-supported water storage type green space structure for urban flood control and flood resource utilization in this embodiment, the cross-section of its overall structure is shown in Figure 1, including a rainfall infiltration structure, an underground water storage body water delivery and purification structure, and water intake Water structure. The rainfall infiltration structure is located on the uppermost layer, the underground water storage body water delivery and purification structure is located below the rainfall infiltration structure, and the water intake structure is closely connected with the underground water storage body water delivery and purification structure and the rainfall infiltration structure .
降雨下渗结构包括绿地地表2，路面原排水沟6，回填土3以及第一透水软管7，绿地地表2一般位于地表下凹处，是过量雨水在地表临时蓄积的场所，路面原排水沟6尺寸为60cm*60cm，与路面毗邻，第一透水软管7直径为20cm，横向设于绿地回填土3下层并与路面原排水沟6连通，绿地回填土3一般深度为50cm。 The rainfall infiltration structure includes the green space surface 2, the original road drainage ditch 6, the backfill soil 3 and the first permeable hose 7. The green space surface 2 is generally located in the concave part of the ground surface, which is a place where excess rainwater temporarily accumulates on the ground surface. The original road drainage ditch 6 is 60cm*60cm in size and adjacent to the road surface. The first permeable hose 7 has a diameter of 20cm. It is horizontally arranged on the lower layer of the backfill soil 3 of the green space and communicates with the original drainage ditch 6 on the road surface. The backfill soil 3 of the green space is generally 50 cm deep.
地下蓄水体输水净水结构包括第一刚性支护8-1、第二刚性支护8-2、土工织物9、一般透水料11以及第二透水软管12，第一刚性支护8-1和第二刚性支护8-2沿路面原排水沟6的走向平行设置，主要是为了防止原有路面或其他不透水面在静压作用下的侧向变形，采用钢筋混凝土或浆砌块石结构，可以采用地下连续墙的施工方式。土工织物9厚度为5～8cm，设于横向设置的第一透水软管7下层，同时也可以直接连通到原排水沟6，一般透水料11位于土工织物9下层，可以利用建筑垃圾，其自有空隙可以蓄积雨水，并起到一定支撑作用。第二透水软管12直径为20cm，横向设于一般透水料11底部，整个蓄水体的最底层连接到下层的原状土13，地下水位15处于原状土13的下方。 The underground water storage body water delivery and purification structure includes a first rigid support 8-1, a second rigid support 8-2, a geotextile 9, a general permeable material 11 and a second permeable hose 12, the first rigid support 8 -1 and the second rigid support 8-2 are arranged in parallel along the direction of the original drainage ditch 6 on the road surface, mainly to prevent the lateral deformation of the original road surface or other impervious surfaces under static pressure, and adopt reinforced concrete or mortar For block stone structure, the construction method of underground continuous wall can be adopted. The thickness of geotextile 9 is 5-8cm, and it is arranged on the lower layer of the first permeable hose 7 arranged horizontally, and can also be directly connected to the original drainage ditch 6. Generally, the permeable material 11 is located on the lower layer of geotextile 9, and construction waste can be used. There are gaps that can accumulate rainwater and play a supporting role. The second permeable hose 12 has a diameter of 20cm, and is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the general permeable material 11. The bottom layer of the entire water storage body is connected to the undisturbed soil 13 of the lower floor, and the groundwater level 15 is below the undisturbed soil 13.
取水用水结构包括第三透水软管10，取水口1以及检查井18，第三透水软管10直径为20cm，与第二透水软管12相连通，取水口1位于第三透水软管10与绿地地表2的连接处，可用水泵进行提水，检查井18与第二透水软管12平行设置，直径为80cm。 The water intake structure comprises a third permeable hose 10, a water intake 1 and an inspection well 18. The third permeable hose 10 has a diameter of 20 cm and communicates with the second permeable hose 12. The water intake 1 is located between the third permeable hose 10 and the inspection well 18. The junction of the green land surface 2 can be pumped to lift water, and the inspection well 18 is arranged in parallel with the second permeable hose 12, and the diameter is 80cm.
第一透水软管7、第二透水软管12和第三透水软管10可以采购自市售的PP透水网管、PE透水网管或软式透水管等，广泛应用于地下排水系统中，有着很好的过滤性能，能将污水过滤干净并且排放出去，使污水不会对地下水资源造成影响，同时也可以吸收 The first permeable hose 7, the second permeable hose 12 and the third permeable hose 10 can be purchased from commercially available PP permeable network pipes, PE permeable network pipes or soft permeable pipes, which are widely used in underground drainage systems and have great advantages Good filtration performance, can filter the sewage and discharge it, so that the sewage will not affect the groundwater resources, and can also absorb
使用时，上述城市防洪和洪水资源化的半支撑蓄水型绿地结构的工作原理如下： When in use, the working principle of the above-mentioned semi-supported water-storage green space structure for urban flood control and flood resource utilization is as follows:
城市降雨时，雨水通过绿地地表2经由回填土3下渗，路面雨水经原排水沟6汇集，通过第一透水软管7汇集至地下蓄水体，雨水由上往下分别通过第一透水软管7，土工织物9，一般透水料11以及第二透水软管12层层过滤并下渗至底层原状土13；其中沿第一下渗方向16下渗的水体一方面形成一般透水料11中的自由水体水位14，同时继续沿第二下渗方向17下渗到原状土13中，进一步补充了地下水位15；整个结构实现了集水和净水过程的一体化。用水取水时，通过第三透水软管10上的出水口1抽水，可在抽水口处设置水泵，利用水泵抽水。 When it rains in the city, the rainwater infiltrates through the green land surface 2 through the backfill soil 3, the rainwater on the road surface is collected through the original drainage ditch 6, and then collected to the underground water storage body through the first permeable hose 7, and the rainwater passes through the first permeable soft water from top to bottom The pipe 7, the geotextile 9, the general permeable material 11 and the second permeable hose 12 filter layer by layer and infiltrate into the underlying undisturbed soil 13; the water body infiltrating along the first infiltration direction 16 forms the general permeable material 11 on the one hand The water level 14 of the free water body, while continuing to infiltrate into the undisturbed soil 13 along the second infiltration direction 17, further replenishes the groundwater level 15; the whole structure realizes the integration of water collection and water purification processes. When taking water with water, draw water through the water outlet 1 on the third water-permeable hose 10, and a water pump can be set at the water intake to utilize the water pump to draw water.
以上结合附图对本发明的实施方式做出详细说明，但本发明不局限于所描述的实施方式。对本领域的普通技术人员而言，在本发明的原理和技术思想的范围内，对这些实施方式进行实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变形仍落入本发明的保护范围内。 The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, within the scope of the principles and technical ideas of the present invention, various changes, modifications, substitutions and deformations to these embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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