CN1046485C - 泡沫料配送喷枪及其可卸喷嘴 - Google Patents

泡沫料配送喷枪及其可卸喷嘴 Download PDF

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CN1046485C
CN1046485C CN95191321A CN95191321A CN1046485C CN 1046485 C CN1046485 C CN 1046485C CN 95191321 A CN95191321 A CN 95191321A CN 95191321 A CN95191321 A CN 95191321A CN 1046485 C CN1046485 C CN 1046485C
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valve member
nozzle
valve
spray gun
path
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CN1139415A (zh
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克里福德·J·芬恩
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RHH Foam Systems Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • B05B1/3066—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice the valve element being at least partially hollow and liquid passing through it when the valve is opened
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/002—Manually-actuated controlling means, e.g. push buttons, levers or triggers
    • B05B12/0022—Manually-actuated controlling means, e.g. push buttons, levers or triggers associated with means for restricting their movement
    • B05B12/0024—Manually-actuated controlling means, e.g. push buttons, levers or triggers associated with means for restricting their movement to a single position
    • B05B12/0026—Manually-actuated controlling means, e.g. push buttons, levers or triggers associated with means for restricting their movement to a single position to inhibit delivery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0408—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing two or more liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7404—Mixing devices specially adapted for foamable substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7438—Mixing guns, i.e. hand-held mixing units having dispensing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B7/1209—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling means for each liquid or other fluent material being manual and interdependent

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一泡沫料配送喷枪，具有带手柄(11)的枪体(10)。枪体具有两个通路(12、13)，通路通过中间腔分成前部和后部。在各通路的后部内装有软管接头和鸭嘴形单向阀(25)，阀件(31)穿过通路的前部和后部。阀件具有圆锥形针状阀(35)以与直接通向枪体前端(40)的圆锥形阀座(37)配接。扳机杆(51)在腔体内作转动安装，并与阀件连接以开启和关闭阀门。通过从枪体伸出的凸耳(72)和与之接合的弹性支臂(71)绕枪体前端安装具有混合腔(66)和喷出口(67)的一次使用喷嘴(65)。

Description

泡沫料配送喷枪及其可卸喷嘴
本发明涉及配送喷枪，更具体地说，涉及与某些装置配合使用的喷枪，分别存放在加压容器内的两种以上的流体成分在喷枪内混合而作为一种可固化的泡沫料从喷枪内配送出去。
已知有手动操作的用以配送可固化的尿烷泡沫料的喷枪。分开的各流体成分分别供送到喷枪，各自通过控制阀，在到达一喷嘴的混合腔时才彼此接触，混合的成分就从喷嘴内作为泡沫料喷出。这种喷枪的实例可见之于Gary Harding的美国专利4,311,254和4,399,930以及Steven Palmert的美国专利4,762,253。
一般将两种流体成分称为“树脂A”和“树脂B”。这两种成分一般分别由聚合异氰酸酯和多烃基胺构成。这两种成分分别装在两个加压容器内，通过软管接到喷枪的两个入口。在使这两种流体成分或树脂混合时，混合体很快就固化而形成坚硬的泡沫制品，这种制品大体上不可溶解而极难将其从与其接触的表面上除去。这两种成分是先在枪的喷嘴内混合的，因此，枪的喷嘴一般设计成可更换的而且是一次使用，这样就可不必再清理喷嘴。
由于这两种成分的混合体很快就固化，这就必须使其在枪内保持彼此分开，只是在一次使用的喷嘴的混合腔内才彼此接触。这两种成分一般在其各自的存放容器内处于不同的压力下。如果喷嘴受堵而枪的阀门是打开的，压力较高的流体就会接触压力较低的流体，从而引起枪内树脂的固化，便喷枪无法使用。
作为成分中之一的“树脂A”，暴露在空气中就会固化。即使枪阀是关闭的，枪内的“树脂A”也有可能接触空气而固化。这种问题以往是在枪内“树脂A”一侧加设一溶剂冲洗口来处理的如Clifford J.Finn的美国专利4,516,694所述。
本发明的主要目的是提供一种配送两种流体成分的配送喷枪，在再次使用时，使枪内流体成分不致固化，从而使喷枪可重复使用。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种泡沫料配送喷枪，使枪内一种成分不致流窜到另一种成分中，并使枪内任一成分也不致受到空气作用而固化。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种泡沫料配送喷枪及其可卸喷嘴，使其具有一次使用的喷嘴，使喷嘴的装卸方便、简捷。
按本发明，泡沫料配送喷枪枪体具有一枪体，它有一对纵向通路，各通路在其一端具有一入口，用以与一加压流体成分源连接，以及在枪体另一端的前端，一喷嘴与枪体连接，包括有一喷出口和一混合腔，此腔位于前端和喷出口之间：一阀件设于各通路内，各阀件具有一与其各自通路的入口作流体连通的内通道并有一用手操作的扳机来移动阀件，其特征在于各通道包括一个圆锥形阀座位于通向前端的通路。喷嘴围住其前端，各阀件有一带圆锥外表面的针状前部与各阀座的同一表面相匹配和一个后部与各通路封死，内通道结束在靠近针状部分的一流出口，一弹簧使各阀件处于使针状部分紧贴相应阀座的关闭状态，以及上述手操作的扳机把阀件顶着弹簧的作用力移到开启位置上。
按照本发明，装在一泡沫料配送喷嘴前端的可卸喷嘴具有一枪体和一出口，穿过出口，通过一对分开的开口可从喷嘴中喷出两种流体成分，喷嘴包括一个适于装到喷枪出口的入口端，一个出口端和一个位于出口和出口端之间的混合腔，其特征在于喷枪的出口围住入口，且包括一个位于两开口之间背靠出口安置的横向壁部分，混合腔位于横向壁和出口端之间。
在此优选实施例中，一对阀件通过单个手动操作的扳机予以开启，此扳机有一个杆件在枪的腔体内作转动安装，腔体将通路分成前后两部．阀件穿越腔体而对通路的前后两部进行密封。扳机在腔体内与阀件连接。杆件从枪体向下延伸而与装在枪体上的手柄相对。
在本发明中，将一单向阀装在各通路内入口和相应阀件之间。最好采用鸭嘴形单向阀。
在本发明中，喷嘴可从枪体上卸下。枪体的一对凸耳从枪体相对两侧伸出，喷嘴的一对弹性支臂在将喷嘴装上枪体时与凸耳接合，但在压下弹性支臂时可从凸耳中脱出。
本发明以上和另外一些目的和优点在以下按示有本发明优选实施例的附图所作具体说明中会显现出来。
图1为本发明泡沫料配送喷枪的立面图。
图2为图1中沿2-2线的水平剖面图。
图3为图2中沿3-3线的垂直剖面图。
图4为图2中沿4-4线的局部垂直剖面放大图。
图5为类似于图4的剖面图，但示出处于开启状态下的阀件。
图6为图1中沿6-6线的安全机构第一实施例局部水平面剖面图。
图7为类似于图6的剖面图，但示出处于松开状态下的安全机构。
图8为安全机构第二实施例局部立面图，示出其安全卡紧状态。
图9为类似于图8的立面图，但示出处于松开状态下的安全机构第二实施例。
图10为图8和9中安全机构的局部放大剖面图。
如图1-5所述，泡沫料配送喷枪具有枪体10，其手柄11与枪体10连成一体。枪体10和手柄11可用合成树脂料模制。枪体10具有一对纵向平行的通路12、13。通路12、13通过一中间腔14分成前部和后部。通路12、13的后部装有黄铜接头15，接头具有带筋端部，用以装上与流体成分加压容器连接的软管，流体成分用以构成泡沫料。接头15用固定螺钉16装在枪体10内，螺钉相对于通路12、13作横向延伸而进入接头15的环形凹槽17内。各接头15在枪体10内具有一第二环形凹槽18。在第二凹槽18内装有一密封圈19，用以密封通路12或13的后部。
黄铜衬套22装在通路12、13内接头15的前面。衬套22的环形凹槽装有密封圈24，用以密封通路12、13的后部。
如图4所示，接头15是空心的，并构成来自容器的流体成分的入口。衬套22也是空心的，并在其中心装有鸭嘴形阀25。鸭嘴形阀25用橡胶或其他弹性材料制成而起到单向阀的作用，用以使压力下的流体进入通路12或13。鸭嘴形阀25在从外面加上较高的背压时就关闭而封闭入口。
各衬套22压靠在盘簧26上，盘簧压靠在相应接头15的一端上，因而使衬套22在通路12或13内向内压向凸肩27。在通路12、13内装有螺旋簧30。螺旋簧的一端压靠相应衬套22的一端。其另一端压靠也装在通路12、13内的黄铜针状阀件31的端部。
针状阀件31跨越腔体14装在通路12、13的前后两部内。在针状阀件31后部的一径向凹槽32内装有用以密封通路12或13后部的密封圈33。各阀件31的前部形成一圆锥形针状阀35，并具有圆柱形末端36。圆锥形针状阀35和末端36与位于枪体10内通路12、13前端、并具有一圆柱形延伸段38的圆锥形阀座37配接。
阀座37直接穿过枪体10前端40的前面部。阀件31在圆锥形针状阀35后面具有一环形凹槽39。在凹槽39内装有密封圈41，用以在阀门关闭时密封针状阀35和圆锥形阀座37的接合部分如图4所示。在阀件31的另一环形凹槽45内装有密封圈46，用以密封通路12、13的前部。
在腔体14内装有构成扳机杆51顶部的叉架50。叉架50的一对支臂52在其端部具有装在枪体10两侧孔54内的侧向凸体53以便转动如图3所示。叉架50的中部肋体55和支臂52构成两个隔开的支座56，用以装入位于阀件31两端之间的颈缩部分57。簧30使阀件31的针状阀35向前压靠在阀座37上处于常闭状态。扳机杆51可转动而使阀件31顶着弹簧30的作用力退缩而使阀门开启。
各阀件31中的内通道60在其末端密封圈41和46之间具有一通向阀件表面的横向出口61。如图5所示，在扳机杆52使阀门开启时，流体可从加压容器通过阀件31内的中心通道60流出出口61，经阀座37而流出枪体10的前端40。密封圈46阻止流体沿通路12或13流向后面。在关闭阀门时，圆锥形针状阀就将泡沫料挤出阀座。针状阀紧贴在阀座上再加上密封圈41的作用就可密封通路内部而防止空气接触通路内的流体树脂。
一次使用的喷嘴65装在喷枪的前面。喷嘴65的中空内部构成混合腔66和喷出口67。一具有已知结构的螺旋状静止混合器68装在混合腔66内。混合腔66后面的一扩大的筒形部分69围着枪体10的前端40而通过密封圈70密封前端。一对弹性支臂71沿喷嘴两侧从扩大的筒形部分69向后延伸。弹性支臂71用以与从枪体10靠近前端40的相对两侧伸出的凸耳72接合。弹性支臂71靠近其端部的弧形部分73具有一槽口74，用以与凸耳72配接。喷嘴可使其弹性支臂71沿凸耳72下面滑移而快装在枪体10上。弧形部分73可对支臂71起引导作用而使其易于滑进凸耳72直至槽口74与凸耳72接合。喷嘴65可方便地将其卸下，这只需用手压下支臂71的弧形部分73使槽口74从凸耳72中松脱而使支臂71滑出凸耳72。
静止混合器68具有一位于喷嘴扩大的筒形端部69内两阀座37之间的壁体76，使两种流体成分不致在前端40处立即进行完全的混合，如喷嘴65为泡沫料所堵而不予更换，再开启阀门就会迫使压力较高的流体从混合腔通过另一成分的阀座向相反方向流动。鸭嘴形阀25就阻止这种交叉的污染和接触以免两种成分在枪内就固化。
一安全机构用以防止扳机的偶然突发移动。在一个实施例中，安全机构具有杆80，其球形端部81撑在扳机杆51内的凹槽82中。杆80装在手柄10内的孔83中，其端部具有一横把84。弹簧85装在由一扩孔87形成的凸肩86和杆80上的凸肩88之间。杆80可在一如图7所示非工作位置和一如图6所示工作位置之间移动，在非工作位置上，杆件并不限制扳机的动作，在工作位置上，弹簧85受压缩，杆件80移到使横把84可卡在支座89上的位置上，支座从枪柄11向后伸出。在工作位置上，可防止扳机杆移动，喷枪锁定在关闭位置上。
另一种安全机构示于图8-10。这种机构的第二杆件91以其一端装在扳机杆51的下端。螺旋簧92装在杆91和扳机杆51的连接部分内，以其延伸端93、94压靠在扳机杆51和安全杆91内侧上而起有使两杆张开的作用。在两杆张开时，安全杆91卡在枪柄11上以阻止扳机杆的移动。在将安全杆91向上移动时，安全机构即可松开。

Claims (20)

1)一种泡沫料配送喷枪，具有：一枪体(10)，它有一对纵向通路，各通路在其一端具有一入口，用以与一加压流体成分源连接，以及在枪体(10)另一端的前端(40)；一喷嘴，与枪体(10)连接包括有一喷出口(67)和一混合腔(66)，此腔位于前端(40)和喷出口(67)之间；一阀件(31)，设于各通路(12,13)内，各阀件(31)具有一与其各自通路(12,13)的入口作流体连通的内通道(60)并有一用手操作的板机(51)来移动阀件(31)，其特征在于各通道(12,13)包括一个圆锥形阀座(37)位于通向前端(40)的通路，喷嘴(65)围住其前端(40)；各阀件(31)有一个带圆锥形外表面的针状前部(35)与各阀座(37)的同一表面相匹配和一个后部与各通路(12,13)封死，内通道(60)结束在靠近针状部分(35)的一流出口(61)，一弹簧(30)使各阀件(31)处于使针状部分(35)的一流出口(61)，一弹簧(30)使各阀件(31)处于使针状部分(#5)紧贴相应阀座(37)的关闭状态；以及上述手操作的板机(51)把阀件(31)顶看弹簧的作用力移动开启位置上。
2)根据权利要求1所述为配送喷枪，其特征在于：各针状部分具有一从针状部分尖端伸出的圆柱形部分，阀座具有从阀座的圆锥形部分伸出的配接圆柱形开口，开口通向喷嘴的混合腔。
3)按权利要求1所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于一单向阀(25)安装在各通路(12,13)内，位于入口和一相应阀件(31)之间。
4)按权利要求3所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于单向阀(25)为一个鸭嘴形阀。
5)按权利要求1所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于一个连在枪体(10)上的手柄(11)，用手操作的板机具有一相对于枪体(10)转动的杆(51)，此杆在针状部分和后部之间与阀件(31)连接，所述杆(51)与手柄(11)相对。
6)按权利要求1所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于喷嘴(65)可以从枪体(10)上卸下。
7)按权利要求1或6所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于枪体(10)有一对从其相对两侧伸出的凸耳(72)，喷嘴具有一对在将喷嘴(65)装上枪体时可与凸耳(72)接合的弹性支臂(71)，但在压下弹性支臂(71)时可使支臂从凸耳(72)中脱出。
8)按权利要求1所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于一个密封圈(41)安置在各阀件(31)针状部分(35)的圆锥表面和出口(61)之间，用以在阀件(31)处于关闭状态时相对于出口(61)密封针状部分(35)的圆锥表面和阀座(37)的连接部分。
9)按权利要求8所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于密封圈(41)装在圆锥形部分后部的环形凹槽(39)内。
10)按权利要求8或9所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于密封圈(41)绕各阀件(31)安装在出口(61)后面，用以密封相应通路(12,13)。
11)按权利要求1所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于喷嘴(65)呈可卸地连到枪体(10)，一对阀件(31)安置在通路(12,13)且伸过一枪体中间腔(14)，该中间腔通向枪体(10)底；设置前和后密封圈(41,46)用来密封其通路(12,13)相应的前和后部分的各阀件(31)；一扳机杆(51)装在中间腔(14)的枪体(10)上并与阀件(31)啮合用于使阀件(31)相对于阀座(37)在开启位置和关闭位置之间移动。
12)按权利要求11所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于扳机杆(51)的一叉架(50)具有分开的支臂(52)，支臂具有侧向圆柱凸体(53)，该圆柱凸体(53)装在中间腔(14)的两侧开口内以便转动扳机杆(51)。
13)按权利要求12所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于扳机杆(51)与手扳(11)相对，在杆和手扳之间装有一个可松开的安全机构(80,81)，用以防止板机杆(51)移动而开启阀件(31)。
14)按权利要求1或11所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于一个装在各通路(12,13)后部内的空心接头(15)，用以装接一通向加压流体源的软管。
15)按权利要求14所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于一个单向阀(25)安装在位于接头(15)和阀件(31)之间的各通路(12,13)内。
16)按权利要求15所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于单向阀为一鸭嘴形阀(25)，装在一衬套(22)内，在衬套(22)与通路(12,13)之间进行密封。
17)按权利要求16所述的配送喷枪，其特征在于弹簧为一压缩弹簧，装在位于衬套(22)和阀件(31)之间的各通路(12,13)内，用以使阀件处于关闭状态。
18)一装在一泡沫料配送喷嘴前端的可卸喷嘴，具有一枪体(10)和一出口(40)，穿过出口(40)，通过一对分开的开口可从喷嘴中喷出两种流体成分，喷嘴(65)包括一个适于装到喷枪出口(40)的入口端，一个出口端(67)和一个位于出口(40)和出口端之间的混合腔(66)，其特征在于喷枪的出口(40)围住入口，且包括一个位于两开口之间背靠出口(40)安置的横向壁部分(76)，混合腔(66)位于横向壁和出口端(67)之间。
19)按权利要求18所述的可卸喷嘴，其特征在于枪体具有一对从枪体(10)两侧伸出的凸耳(72)，喷嘴具有一对弹性支臂(71)，支臂(71)可在将喷嘴(65)装上枪体(10)时与凸耳(72)接合，但在压下弹性支臂(71)时可从凸耳(72)中脱出。
20)按权利要求18或19所述的可卸喷嘴，其特征在于各凸耳(72)具有一开口，支臂(71)可从开口穿过，各支臂(71)的一弧形端部在将喷嘴(65)装上枪体(10)时可插入一凸耳(72)而对支臂(71)起内向引导的作用，各支臂还具有一槽口(74)，用以在将喷嘴装上枪体时装入相应的凸耳(72)。
CN95191321A 1994-03-29 1995-03-10 泡沫料配送喷枪及其可卸喷嘴 Expired - Lifetime CN1046485C (zh)

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DE69514911T2 (de) 2000-08-17
EP0749399A1 (en) 1996-12-27
WO1995026315A1 (en) 1995-10-05
MX9604371A (es) 1997-12-31
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