CN104646480A - Method and device for forming light alloy reducing pipe - Google Patents
Method and device for forming light alloy reducing pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN104646480A CN104646480A CN201510093142.1A CN201510093142A CN104646480A CN 104646480 A CN104646480 A CN 104646480A CN 201510093142 A CN201510093142 A CN 201510093142A CN 104646480 A CN104646480 A CN 104646480A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for forming a light alloy reducing pipe, and belongs to the field of metal plastic molding machining. A metal pipe blank and liquid plastic in the pipe are pressurized by rotating a screw rod manually; the metal pipe blank expands according to the incompressibility of the liquid plastic till the metal pipe is attached to a die profile; the shape of the deformed metal pipe blank is consistent with a split die cavity; a split die and the metal pipe blank are put into mineral oil, and vibration is performed for a certain time period. Through heating and vibration, the elimination of the forming resistance of the metal pipe blank is facilitated, the plastic flowing and forming of a metal pipe are accelerated, and the resilience value of the reducing pipe during forming is lowered. The method and the device have the characteristics of simple equipment, convenience in operation, low elasticity recovery, high forming accuracy, and the like.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the Technology of Plastic Processing field of part, be specifically related to method and the device of the shaping of a kind of light-alloy reducer pipe, this manufacturing process and device are especially applicable to the shaping of thin-wall Mg alloy reducer pipe.
Background technology:
Reducer pipe is a kind of pipe fitting of hollow variable cross-section, and core material is moved to the surrounding of pipe by it, and given full play to the usefulness of material, saved material, achieved loss of weight, therefore reducer pipe has important application in the field such as auto industry, Aero-Space.For further weight reduction, the reducer pipe of the light material such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy is more and more subject to people's attention.At present, the manufacture method that reducer pipe is common has segmentation welding and hydraulic coupling bulging etc.Because the produced reducer pipe of welding method exists weld seam, make its rigidity and corrosion resistant ability poor, application is restricted greatly.Adopt hydraulic coupling bulging mainly to pass into highly pressurised liquid in the inside of metal pipe billet, deform under the acting in conjunction of the axial compressive force that pipe fitting loads at radial pressure and the pipe end of highly pressurised liquid, and finally paste contour forming part.Adopt hydraulic coupling bulging to produce reducer pipe and do not have weld seam, therefore pipe fitting has good strength and stiffness.Due to the poor-performing that the light material such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy is shaped at normal temperatures, the springback capacity after shaping, up to 50%-70%, therefore needs pressurize longer a period of time in the hydraulic system be shaped, to reduce the springback capacity that hydraulic coupling removes rear tube wall as far as possible.Because when shaping pipe fitting, hydraulic coupling needs between 20-300MPa, therefore higher to the requirement of equipment in forming process, especially very high requirement is proposed to the sealing property of hydraulic test, and leakage is under high pressure inevitable.Therefore hydraulic coupling bulging needs special complicated hydraulic test, and the low precision of shaping, energy consumption is higher, and efficiency is lower.
In order to solve the problem of poor-performing that light material is shaped at normal temperatures, processing difficulties, Chinese patent CN1751819A proposes a kind of method of alloy in lightweight pipe internal high pressure forming, the method proposes to adopt hot medium to be shaped reducer pipe, by the heating to metal reducer pipe, carry out the forming accuracy of stable reducer pipe, shorten the time be shaped and the resilience prevented after shaping.Adopt the method to manufacture reducer pipe and still need special hydraulic test, particularly the method needs dielectric heating to 150-500 DEG C, and therefore it brings a series of serious problem.It result in the decline of oil viscosity, adds the probability that Hydraulic Elements leak, and then the operating efficiency of hydraulic system is reduced; The part of relative motion in hydraulic system is expanded by heating because hydraulic fluid temperature raises, and cause frictional resistance to increase, parts depreciation is too fast; Too high temperature not only can accelerate to equip in rubber pipeline and seal aging, greatly shorten its service life, also can produce cavitation erosion in hydraulic system, cause element surface to degrade and destroy; Too high temperature also can make hydraulic oil be oxidized Sum decomposition, produces particle and jelly, and they all can the gap of plugging fluid pressure valve and aperture, causes spool to block and clamping, and then affects its service behaviour, even can cause serious accident.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is the problem in order to solve the hydraulic test that springback capacity is comparatively large, needs are complicated after existing light-alloy tubing is shaped at normal temperatures, providing method and the device of the shaping of a kind of light-alloy reducer pipe.
The method concrete steps that light-alloy reducer pipe provided by the present invention is shaped are as follows:
(1) with alignment pin and bolt, two, left and right half mold is connected into overall Split type die 9, and be screwed into plug 10 in the center bottom of Split type die 9.
(2) heated by the mineral oil 20 in heater 19 pairs of containers 21, make the temperature of described mineral oil 20 remain on 150 DEG C-180 DEG C; The vessel being loaded with block liquid plastics being placed in described mineral oil 20 is heated to translucent, is then incubated 10-20 minute, obtained liquid plastics 17; Then metal pipe billet 8 and described Split type die 9 are put into together described mineral oil 20 preheating to take out after 3-5 minute, obtain the Split type die 9 after the metal pipe billet after preheating 8 and preheating.
(3) metal pipe billet 8 after described preheating step (2) obtained puts into the die cavity of the Split type die 9 after described preheating, the lower end of described metal pipe billet 8 is inserted on described plug 10, the lower surface of described metal pipe billet 8 and the end contact of described plug 10.
(4) described liquid plastics 17 is injected into the inside of described metal pipe billet 8, until stop injecting when described liquid plastics 17 is concordant with the upper port of described metal pipe billet 8.
(5) symmetrically arranged hold-down bolt 2 is connected with described Split type die 9 by spring washer 3, pressing plate 4, Upper gasket 5, slinky spring 6 and lower gasket 7 successively.
(6) screw rod 1 of exerting pressure inserts in described metal pipe billet 8 by pressing plate 4, check ring 23, adjustment block 18 and brute spring 22 successively, described in the exert pressure lower surface of screw rod 1 act on described liquid plastics 17; Screw rod 1 of exerting pressure described in rotation pressurizes to described liquid plastics 17 and described brute spring 22, radially the tube wall of described metal pipe billet 8 is exerted pressure after described liquid plastics 17 pressurized, exert pressure in the upper surface of described brute spring 22 to described metal pipe billet 8 simultaneously, and described metal pipe billet 8 is fitted with the profile of described Split type die 9.
(7) Split type die 9 that described step (6) assembles is put into the described container 21 that described mineral oil 20 is housed again together with metal pipe billet 8, described container 21 is placed on vibrator table 12; When metal pipe billet 8 and Split type die 9 less time, also more than one piece can put into container 21 internal vibration together.
(8) connect the power supply of vibrator, described vibrator table 12 is started working, and vibration frequency is 10-200Hz, amplitude 0.01-0.5mm.
(9) after vibration terminates, in described container 21, take out described Split type die 9, back out described plug 10 after cleaning, and open described Split type die 9, take out the drip molding of described metal pipe billet 8, remove described liquid plastics 17, obtained metal reducer pipe.
The device that the present invention provides a kind of light-alloy reducer pipe to be shaped simultaneously, this device comprises die workpiece system, heating system and vibrational system, described die workpiece system comprises screw rod 1 of exerting pressure, hold down gag, metal pipe billet 8, Split type die 9, plug 10, check washer 16, liquid plastics 17, adjustment block 18, brute spring 22 and check ring 23, screw rod 1 of exerting pressure is inserted in described metal pipe billet 8 by pressing plate 4, check ring 23, brute spring 22 and adjustment block 18 successively, described lower surface of exerting pressure screw rod 1 acts on described liquid plastics 17, described in exert pressure screw rod 1 be threaded connection with described pressing plate 4, to exert pressure described in described hold down gag is symmetricly set on the left and right sides of screw rod 1, described hold down gag comprises hold-down bolt 2, spring washer 3, pressing plate 4, Upper gasket 5, slinky spring 6, lower gasket 7, described hold-down bolt 2 is connected with described Split type die 9 by described spring washer 3, pressing plate 4, Upper gasket 5, slinky spring 6 and lower gasket 7 successively, described hold-down bolt 2 and described pressing plate 4 matched in clearance, exert pressure described in the length of described hold-down bolt 2 is less than the effective travel of screw rod 1, described slinky spring 6 is for supporting described pressing plate 4, described plug 10 is threaded connection on described Split type die 9, the afterbody of described plug 10 is provided with yi word pattern groove and is convenient to tighten described plug 10, in order to prevent getting loose in vibration processes, between described Split type die 9 and the end of described plug 10, be provided with check washer 16, described metal pipe billet 8 is inserted in the die cavity of described Split type die 9, the deformed shape of metal pipe billet 8 is decided by the shape of Split type die 9 die cavity, the lower end of described metal pipe billet 8 is placed on described plug 10 end face, described metal pipe billet 8 coordinates with the face of cylinder small―gap suture of described plug 10, the accuracy class of the processing on the face of cylinder, end of described plug 10 is 6g, in order to prevent the outflow of liquid plastics 17, the face of cylinder, end of described plug 10 be circumferentially provided with ring-type anti-leak groove, the degree of depth of described groove is 0.02mm, width is 1-2mm, be spaced apart 3-5mm, quantity 3-5, described adjustment block 18 is placed on the upper end of described metal pipe billet 8, described adjustment block 18 is for adjusting the decrement of described brute spring 22, the external diameter of described adjustment block 18 is less than the aperture of described Split type die 9, described brute spring 22 is arranged on the top of described adjustment block 18, described brute spring 22 is used for transmitting along the downward pressure of described metal pipe billet 8 axis direction, and then ensure the close contact of described metal pipe billet 8 lower end and described plug 10, and carry out feed supplement in the deformation process of described metal pipe billet 8, it is matched in clearance between the lower end of described screw rod 1 of exerting pressure and described metal pipe billet 8, exert pressure the dimensional tolerance of end circumference of screw rod 1 according to 6g processing and manufacturing described in described metal pipe billet 8, exerting pressure, screw rod 1 pair of liquid plastics 17 applies in the process of power, has active force to act on the upper surface of metal pipe billet 8 all the time.The described face of cylinder of exerting pressure screw rod 1 lower end is provided with anti-leak groove, and parameter is identical with the anti-leak groove on the face of cylinder, end of described plug 10.
Described heating system comprises heater 19, mineral oil 20 and container 21; Described mineral oil 20 is contained in described container 21, and described mineral oil 20 is heated by described heater 19; Described die workpiece system is placed in the described mineral oil 20 of described container 21; Described vibrational system comprises grip block 11 and vibrator table 12, fastening bolt 13, spring washer 14, nut 15; Described fastening bolt 13, spring washer 14 and nut 15 is used to be fixed on the T-slot of described vibrator table 12 by described grip block 11, regulate the distance between described grip block 11, described container 21 surrounding is fixed, to ensure not to be subjected to displacement in the case of vibrations.
The present invention has following technical advantage:
1, adopt the mode of Non-follow control screw rod to apply pressure, adopt incompressible liquid plastics as power transmission medium, compared with employing hydraulic coupling bulging, avoid using complicated hydraulic test.The present invention not only equipment is simple, easy to maintenance, and institute takes up space little, and energy consumption is low, and processing cost is low.
2, the method for shaping that proposes of the present invention, in implementation process, multiple work step can parallel practice, and shorten the process time of batch micro operations, the medium environmental protection of the transmission of pressure used, can reuse.
3, in forming process; vibrational energy significantly reduces the flow stress of metal material and the frictional force between workpiece and mould; and the input of outside energy; facilitate the dislocation motion between metal particle; be conducive to various grain sliding system to start, thus make corresponding slippage become easy, overcome various internal stress; reduce the resistance of deformation of metal tube, improve forming accuracy.
4, after obvious plastic deformation occurs metal tube, material generation work hardening, material grains obtains refinement, dislocation density increases, and the mutual enhancing between dislocation, causes the resistance of motion of dislocation to increase, intensity and the hardness of material significantly improve, and the plastic deformation resistance caused increases.To its heating after pipe fitting distortion, metal material interior atoms diffusivity strengthens, make it that recrystallization occur, core given birth to again by broken crystal grain, growing up becomes uniformity equiax crystal, intensity and the hardness of material obviously reduce, and plasticity and toughness improve greatly, and work hardening is eliminated, internal stress all disappears, and further increases the precision of shaping.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representation.
In figure: 1: screw rod of exerting pressure; 2: hold-down bolt; 3: spring washer; 4: pressing plate; 5: Upper gasket; 6: slinky spring; 7: lower gasket; 8: metal pipe billet; 9: Split type die; 10: plug; 11: grip block; 12: vibrator table; 13: fastening bolt; 14: spring washer; 15: nut; 16: check washer; 17: liquid plastics; 18: adjustment block; 19: heater; 20: mineral oil; 21: container; 22: brute spring; 23: check ring.
Detailed description of the invention:
Describe in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and utilize the concrete device and manufacturing process that the inventive method form diameter Φ 16mm wall thickness is 0.6mm magnesium-alloy tube.
This device comprises die workpiece system, heating system and vibrational system.Die workpiece system comprises screw rod 1 of exerting pressure, hold-down bolt 2, spring washer 3, pressing plate 4, Upper gasket 5, slinky spring 6, lower gasket 7, metal pipe billet 8, Split type die 9, plug 10, check washer 16, liquid plastics 17, adjustment block 18, brute spring 22 and check ring 23.Heating system comprises heater 19, mineral oil 20 and container 21.Vibrational system comprises grip block 11, vibrator table 12, fastening bolt 13, spring washer 14 and nut 15.
Manufacturing process concrete steps are as follows:
(1) first heated by the mineral oil 20 in heater 19 pairs of containers 21, and remain at about 160 DEG C, being heated to translucent in mineral oil 20 that vessel that liquid plastics 17 prepares burden are placed in container 21 by being loaded with, being then incubated 15minutes, obtained liquid plastics 17.Then Split type die 9 is put into the container 21 that mineral oil 20 is housed together with metal pipe billet 8, preheating 3minutes.
(2) metal pipe billet 8 clean after preheating is put into the die cavity of the Split type die after preheating 9, the die cavity axial cross section of mould is biconial, and transitional taper angle is 40 °, and maximum gauge is Φ 20mm.The lower end of metal pipe billet 8 is inserted on the excircle of plug 10 front portion, and lower surface contacts with the flange face of plug 10.The outside diameter finished size that screw rod 1 front end and plug 10 upper end coordinate with metal pipe billet 8 of exerting pressure is Φ 14.78mm.
(3) liquid plastics 17 is injected into metal pipe billet 8 inner, until plastics fill whole metal pipe billet 8 concordant with upper port time stop injecting.
(4) hold-down bolt 2 is successively by spring washer 3, pressing plate 4, Upper gasket 5, slinky spring 6 and lower gasket 7, and with being threaded on Split type die 9.
(5) screw rod 1 of exerting pressure is inserted in metal pipe billet 8 by pressing plate 4, Upper gasket 5, brute spring 22 and adjustment block 18 successively, and acts on liquid plastics 17.Exert pressure screw rod 1 pair of liquid plastics 17 and brute spring 22 of rotation pressurizes, and exert pressure to metal pipe billet 8 tube wall after liquid plastics 17 pressurized, brute spring 22 pairs of metal pipe billet 8 end faces are exerted pressure, and metal pipe billet 8 is fitted with the profile of Split type die 9.
(6) again put into together with metal pipe billet 8 by Split type die 9 container 21 that temperature is 160 DEG C of mineral oil 20 is housed, container 21 is placed on vibrator table 12.
(7) connect the power supply of vibrator, vibrator table 12 is started working, and vibration frequency is 50Hz, amplitude 0.05mm, and time of vibration is 30minutes.
(8), after vibration terminates, in container 21, take out Split type die 9, clean and open Split type die 9, take out the drip molding of metal pipe billet 8, the maximum gauge of the biconial reducer pipe of shaping is Φ 19.2mm, and rebound degree is only 9%, and surface quality is good.
Claims (2)
1. a method for light-alloy reducer pipe shaping, is characterized in that the method concrete steps are as follows:
(1) with alignment pin and bolt, two, left and right half mold is connected into overall Split type die (9), and be screwed into plug (10) in the center bottom of described Split type die (9);
(2) by heater (19), the mineral oil (20) in container (21) is heated, make the temperature of described mineral oil (20) remain on 150 DEG C-180 DEG C; The vessel being loaded with block liquid plastics being placed in described mineral oil (20) is heated to translucent, is then incubated 10-20 minute, obtained liquid plastics (17); Then metal pipe billet (8) and described Split type die (9) are put into together after described mineral oil (20) preheating 3-5 minute and take out, obtain the Split type die (9) after the metal pipe billet after preheating (8) and preheating;
(3) metal pipe billet (8) after described preheating step (2) obtained puts into the die cavity of the Split type die (9) after described preheating, the lower end of described metal pipe billet (8) is inserted on described plug (10), the lower surface of described metal pipe billet (8) and the end contact of described plug (10);
(4) described liquid plastics (17) is injected into the inside of described metal pipe billet (8), until stop injecting when described liquid plastics (17) is concordant with the upper port of described metal pipe billet (8);
(5) symmetrically arranged hold-down bolt (2) is connected with described Split type die (9) by spring washer (3), pressing plate (4), Upper gasket (5), slinky spring (6) and lower gasket (7) successively;
(6) screw rod (1) of exerting pressure inserts in described metal pipe billet (8) by pressing plate (4), check ring (23), adjustment block (18) and brute spring (22) successively, described in the exert pressure lower surface of screw rod (1) act on described liquid plastics (17); Exert pressure screw rod (1) to described liquid plastics (17) and described brute spring (22) pressurization described in rotation, radially the tube wall of described metal pipe billet (8) is exerted pressure after described liquid plastics (17) pressurized, exert pressure in described brute spring (22) upper surface to described metal pipe billet (8) simultaneously, and described metal pipe billet (8) is fitted with the profile of described Split type die (9);
(7) the described Split type die (9) described step (6) assembled puts into the described container (21) that described mineral oil (20) is housed again together with described metal pipe billet (8), described container (21) is placed on vibrator table (12);
(8) connect the power supply of vibrator, described vibrator table (12) is started working, and vibration frequency is 10-200Hz, amplitude 0.01-0.5mm;
(9) after vibration terminates, described Split type die (9) is taken out in described container (21), described plug (10) is backed out after cleaning, and open described Split type die (9), take out the drip molding of described metal pipe billet (8), remove described liquid plastics (17), obtained metal reducer pipe.
2. realize a device for method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that this device comprises die workpiece system, heating system and vibrational system, described die workpiece system comprises screw rod of exerting pressure (1), hold down gag, pressing plate (4), metal pipe billet (8), Split type die (9), plug (10), check washer (16), liquid plastics (17), adjustment block (18), brute spring (22) and check ring (23), described screw rod of exerting pressure (1) is successively by described pressing plate (4), check ring (23), brute spring (22) and adjustment block (18) are inserted in described metal pipe billet (8), the lower surface of described screw rod of exerting pressure (1) acts on described liquid plastics (17), described screw rod of exerting pressure (1) and described pressing plate (4) are threaded connection, to exert pressure described in described hold down gag is symmetricly set on the left and right sides of screw rod (1), described hold down gag comprises hold-down bolt (2), spring washer (3), pressing plate (4), Upper gasket (5), slinky spring (6), lower gasket (7), described hold-down bolt (2) is successively by described spring washer (3), pressing plate (4), Upper gasket (5), slinky spring (6) and lower gasket (7) are connected with described Split type die (9), described hold-down bolt (2) and described pressing plate (4) matched in clearance, to exert pressure described in the length of described hold-down bolt (2) is less than the effective travel of screw rod (1), described slinky spring (6) is for supporting described pressing plate (4), described plug (10) is threaded connection on described Split type die (9), the afterbody of described plug (10) is provided with yi word pattern groove and is convenient to tighten described plug (10), check washer (16) is provided with between the end of described Split type die (9) and described plug (10), described metal pipe billet (8) is inserted in the die cavity of described Split type die (9), the lower end of described metal pipe billet (8) is placed on described plug (10) end face, described metal pipe billet (8) coordinates with the face of cylinder small―gap suture of described plug (10), the accuracy class of the processing on the face of cylinder, end of described plug (10) is 6g, the face of cylinder, end of described plug (10) be circumferentially provided with ring-type anti-leak groove, the degree of depth of described groove is 0.02mm, width is 1-2mm, be spaced apart 3-5mm, quantity 3-5, described adjustment block (18) is placed on the upper end of described metal pipe billet (8), described adjustment block (18) is for adjusting the decrement of described brute spring (22), the external diameter of described adjustment block (18) is less than the aperture of described Split type die (9), described brute spring (22) is arranged on the top of described adjustment block (18), described brute spring (22) is used for transmitting along the downward pressure of described metal pipe billet (8) axis direction, and then ensure the close contact of described metal pipe billet (8) lower end and described plug (10), and feed supplement is carried out in the deformation process of described metal pipe billet (8), it is matched in clearance between the lower end of described screw rod of exerting pressure (1) and described metal pipe billet (8), exert pressure the dimensional tolerance of end circumference of screw rod (1) according to 6g processing and manufacturing described in described metal pipe billet (8), the face of cylinder of described screw rod of exerting pressure (1) lower end is provided with anti-leak groove, described heating system comprises heater (19), mineral oil (20) and container (21), described mineral oil (20) is contained in described container (21), described mineral oil (20) is by described heater (19) heating, and described die workpiece system is placed in the described mineral oil (20) of described container (21), described vibrational system comprises grip block (11), vibrator table (12), fastening bolt (13), spring washer (14) and nut (15), described fastening bolt (13), spring washer (14) and nut (15) is used to be fixed on the T-slot of described vibrator table (12) by described grip block (11), regulate the distance between described grip block (11), described container (21) surrounding is fixed, to ensure not to be subjected to displacement in the case of vibrations.
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| CN201510093142.1A CN104646480B (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2015-03-02 | The method and device that a kind of light-alloy reducer pipe shapes |
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| CN106623579A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-05-10 | 济南大学 | Internal high-pressure forming pushing and pressing device |
| CN107639143A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-30 | 安徽跃鑫管业有限公司 | For patch mold forming method and equipment with internal cavity thin wall metalwork |
| CN107790531A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-03-13 | 花园金波科技股份有限公司 | Corrugated pipe forming machine upper die component |
| CN109228161A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-18 | 常州大学 | Automatic feeding mold |
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| CN107790531B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-11-19 | 花园金波科技股份有限公司 | Corrugated pipe forming machine upper die component |
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