CN103920795B - A kind of heat expansion vibration combined forming process of solid particle of automobile rear axle housing - Google Patents
A kind of heat expansion vibration combined forming process of solid particle of automobile rear axle housing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A heat expansion vibration combined forming process for the solid particle of automobile rear axle housing, first undergauge process, obtains undergauge pipe, heat again, assemble an expanding die, then a bulging, obtain a bulging pipe, again heat, assembling secondary expanding die, secondary bulging, obtains secondary bulging pipe, three heating, assembling compacting tool set, compacting, obtains automobile rear axle housing drip molding, the invention solves the problem to equipment sealing in orthodox car rear axle case hydraulic expanding-forming; Significantly improve the formability of automobile rear axle housing, in forming process, mould mold clamping force reduces, and the possibility that the reduction of drip molding even breaks reduces; Adopt the mode of vibration Plastic Forming, the plastic deformation resistance that can reduce pipe, the crudy improving automobile rear axle housing reduce power consumption of polymer processing, relative motion condition simultaneously between mould and workpiece makes moderate progress, and avoids in automobile rear axle housing forming process and produces " self-locking " between solid particle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tube bulge technique, be specifically related to a kind of heat expansion vibration combined forming process of solid particle of automobile rear axle housing.
Technical background
Automobile rear axle housing, as the vitals of automobile, plays the effect such as bearing vehicle body, protection main reducing gear.Orthodox car rear axle housing is shaped and adopts the mode of punch welding or casting, but weldment easily produces weld defect; Casting technique waste material and not environmentally.Scholar is had to propose to adopt the method for internal high pressure forming in recent years, highly pressurised liquid is passed into tubing, obtain ideal forming part by the bulging of tubing, the mode then proposing swollen-pressurization compound forming is to reduce forming pressure required in vehicle rear-axle housing forming process and to improve the quality of drip molding.But use the method for internal high pressure forming vehicle rear-axle housing to need the sealing problem of strict consideration equipment, and limit by internal high pressure forming equipment, cannot by improving forming temperature to improve the formability of drip molding.Generally internal high pressure forming at room temperature carries out, and the formability of drip molding is poor, and in internal high pressure forming automobile rear axle housing process, forming pressure is comparatively large and be uniformly distributed in pipe surface due to fluid pressure thus easily occur pipe fracture phenomena.
It is the new forming technology proposed in recent years that solid particle medium is shaped, and its shaping medium adopts solid particle, and as fine sand, steel ball, ceramic particle etc., therefore, solid particle medium forming technology does not need strictly to consider the sealing problem in forming process.Solid particle medium forming technology presents inhomogeneities to the pressure of pipe in forming process, can carry out partial plastic forming by controlling the pressure head amount of feeding to drip molding.In bulging part forming process, by heating pipe and solid particle medium, the formability of drip molding can be significantly improved, drip molding forming quality is improved and reduces the possibility that to break appear in drip molding.At present, the research of solid particle medium forming technology has related to sheet material forming and bellows is shaped, and Successful utilization solid particle medium forming technology obtains good drip molding; But research solid particle medium forming technology being applied to automobile rear axle housing shaping rarely has report.
Vibrate plastic forming technology in recent years extensively to use in the Plastic Forming of material, compared with common plastic molding method, the vibration application of Technology of Plastic Processing in materials plastic forming process can reduce material plastic deformation resistance, improve drip molding crudy and reduce power consumption of polymer processing, relative motion condition simultaneously between mould and workpiece makes moderate progress, but not yet vibration plastic forming technology is applied to the shaping of automobile rear axle housing at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of heat expansion vibration combined forming process of solid particle of automobile rear axle housing, significantly improve the formability of automobile rear axle housing, in forming process, mould mold clamping force reduces, and the possibility that the reduction of drip molding even breaks reduces.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A heat expansion vibration combined forming process for the solid particle of automobile rear axle housing, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, undergauge process, obtains undergauge pipe 11:
First require to choose GB/T8162-2008 standard seamless steel pipe 10 according to automobile rear axle housing size and bulging, wherein, the diameter of seamless steel pipe 10 and the maximum equivalent diameter ratio of axle housing are greater than 0.5; Then carry out cold push-sinking process to it, wherein no more than 4 times of tubing undergauge passage, every time diameter reducing rate is less than 15%, if required undergauge passage is greater than two passages, carries out stress relief annealing in seamless steel pipe 10 undergauge process after every two passage undergauges to it;
Step 2, heating, assemble an expanding die:
The mixing of the solid particle of break-in in powdered graphite loaded in undergauge pipe 11, solid particle is steel ball or Ceramic Balls, carries out sealing and sealing entirety being heated, make the temperature of undergauge pipe 11 be 500 ~ 650 DEG C with left pressure head 3 with right pressure head 3 '; Guide die 4 and first time guide die 4 ' on a left half mold of bulging 2, right half mold 2 ' of bulging, first are preheating to 250 ~ 300 DEG C, guide die 4 and first time guide die 4 ' on sealing entirety, a left half mold of bulging 2, right half mold 2 ' of bulging, first are assembled, then assembly is placed on hydraulic press workbench;
Step 3, a bulging, obtains a bulging pipe 12:
Apply hydraulic vibration, mechanical oscillation or ultrasonic vibration to guide die 4 on first and first time guide die 4 ', wherein vibration frequency is 10 ~ 15KHz; First a left half mold of bulging 2, right half mold of bulging 2 ' drives left pressure head 3, right pressure head 3 ' with the relative motion of 15 ~ 20mm/s speed, undergauge pipe 11 produces useful fold, stop motion when mould meets predetermined stroke under the axial force and solid particle squeezing action of a left half mold of bulging 2, right half mold 2 ' of bulging; Then left pressure head 3 and right pressure head 3 ' are with the relative motion of 5 ~ 10mm/s speed, and left pressure head 3 and right pressure head 3 ' extrusion solid particle make undergauge pipe 11 to fit gradually mould, thus progressively complete a bulging and obtain a bulging pipe 12;
Step 4, heats again, assembling secondary expanding die:
Take out a bulging pipe 12, the solid particle of break-in in powdered graphite is loaded in a bulging pipe 12, carry out sealing and sealing entirety being heated with right pressure head 3 ' with left pressure head 3, make the temperature of a bulging pipe 12 be 500 ~ 650 DEG C; Guide die 5 and second time guide die 5 ' on left for secondary bulging half mold 6, the right half mold 6 ' of secondary bulging, second are preheating to 250 ~ 300 DEG C, guide die 5 and second time guide die 5 ' on sealing entirety, the left half mold of secondary bulging 6, the right half mold 6 ' of secondary bulging, second are assembled, then assembly is placed on hydraulic press workbench;
Step 5, secondary bulging, obtains secondary bulging pipe 13:
Apply hydraulic vibration, mechanical oscillation or ultrasonic vibration to guide die 5 on second and second time guide die 5 ', wherein vibration frequency is 10 ~ 15KHz; First the left half mold of secondary bulging 6, the right half mold of secondary bulging 6 ' drive left pressure head 3, right pressure head 3 ' with the relative motion of 15 ~ 20mm/s speed, one time bulging pipe 12 produces useful fold, stop motion when mould matched moulds under the left half mold of secondary bulging 6, secondary bulging right half mold 6 ' axial force and solid particle squeezing action; Then left pressure head 3 and right pressure head 3 ' are with the relative motion of 5 ~ 10mm/s speed, and left pressure head 3 and right pressure head 3 ' extrusion solid particle make a bulging pipe 12 to fit gradually mould, thus progressively complete secondary bulging and obtain secondary bulging pipe 13;
Step 6, three heating, assembling compacting tool set:
Take out secondary bulging pipe 13, the solid particle of break-in in powdered graphite is loaded in secondary bulging pipe 13, carry out sealing and sealing entirety being heated with right pressure head 3 ' with left pressure head 3, make the temperature of secondary bulging pipe 13 be 500 ~ 650 DEG C; Left compacting tool set 8, right compacting tool set 8 ', upper compacting tool set 7, lower compacting tool set 7 ', left abutment sleeve 9, right abutment sleeve 9 ' are preheating to 250 ~ 300 DEG C; Sealing entirety, left compacting tool set 8, right compacting tool set 8 ', upper compacting tool set 7, lower compacting tool set 7 ', left abutment sleeve 9 and right abutment sleeve 9 ' are assembled, then assembly is placed on hydraulic press workbench;
Step 7, compacting, obtains automobile rear axle housing drip molding 14:
Left compacting tool set 8, right compacting tool set 8 ', upper compacting tool set 7 and lower compacting tool set 7 ' are simultaneously with the speed relative motion of 15 ~ 20mm/s, and secondary bulging pipe 13 is progressively fitted mould under the common squeezing action of solid particle and mould; Left pressure head 3 is subject to the outside freely-movable of solid particle squeezing action with right pressure head 3 ' in rear axle case pressing process, stop motion after left compacting tool set 8, right compacting tool set 8 ', upper compacting tool set 7 and lower compacting tool set 7 ' matched moulds, finally obtains automobile rear axle housing drip molding 14.
The particle size range of described solid particle is 1 ~ 4mm.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, adopt solid particle as the power transmission medium in automobile rear axle housing forming process, solve the problem to equipment sealing in orthodox car rear axle case hydraulic expanding-forming.
2, by heating pipe, solid particle the temperature difference both suitably controlling, can significantly improve the formability of automobile rear axle housing, in forming process, mould mold clamping force reduces, and the possibility that the reduction of drip molding even breaks reduces.
3, in automobile rear axle housing Bulging Process, adopt the mode of vibration Plastic Forming, the plastic deformation resistance that can reduce pipe, the crudy improving automobile rear axle housing reduce power consumption of polymer processing, relative motion condition simultaneously between mould and workpiece makes moderate progress, and avoids in automobile rear axle housing forming process and produces " self-locking " between solid particle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the original state of seamless steel pipe in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is pipe after weldless steel tube hole shrinkage in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is automobile rear axle housing bulging process process original state schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is automobile rear axle housing bulging process process intermediateness schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is automobile rear axle housing bulging process process completion status schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is automobile rear axle housing secondary bulging process process original state schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is automobile rear axle housing secondary bulging process process intermediateness schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is automobile rear axle housing secondary bulging process process completion status schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is automobile rear axle housing pressing process process original state schematic diagram in the present invention.
Figure 10 is automobile rear axle housing pressing process process original state vertical section schematic diagram in the present invention.
Figure 11 is automobile rear axle housing pressing process process completion status schematic diagram in the present invention.
Figure 12 is automobile rear axle housing pressing process process completion status vertical section schematic diagram in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
A heat expansion vibration combined forming process for the solid particle of automobile rear axle housing, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, undergauge process, obtains pipe 11 after necking down:
With reference to Fig. 1, first require to choose the seamless steel pipe 10 that specification is 114*4 according to vehicle rear-axle housing size and bulging, then the cold push-sinking process of four-pass is carried out to it, wherein, after two passage undergauges, carry out stress relief annealing;
Step 2, heating, assemble an expanding die:
With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the solid particle of break-in in powdered graphite is loaded in undergauge pipe 11, solid particle chooses the steel ball 1 that diameter is 1mm, carries out sealing and sealing entirety is heated, make the temperature of undergauge pipe 11 be 500 ~ 650 DEG C with left pressure head 3 with right pressure head 3 '; Guide die 4 and second time guide die 4 ' on a left half mold of bulging 2, right half mold 2 ' of bulging, first are preheating to 250 ~ 300 DEG C, guide die 4 and second time guide die 4 ' on sealing entirety, a left half mold of bulging 2, right half mold 2 ' of bulging, first are assembled, then assembly is placed on hydraulic press workbench;
Step 3, a bulging, obtains a bulging pipe 12:
With reference to Fig. 4, apply ultrasonic vibration to guide die 4 on first and first time guide die 4 ', wherein vibration frequency is 15KHz; First a left half mold of bulging 2, right half mold of bulging 2 ' drives left pressure head 3, right pressure head 3 ' with the relative motion of 20mm/s speed, undergauge pipe 11 produces useful fold, stop motion when mould meets predetermined stroke under the axial force and steel ball 1 squeezing action of a left half mold of bulging 2, right half mold 2 ' of bulging; Then with reference to Fig. 5, left pressure head 3 is with right pressure head 3 ' with the relative motion of 10mm/s speed, and left pressure head 3 and right pressure head 3 ' extrude steel ball 1 and undergauge pipe 11 is fitted mould gradually, thus progressively completes a bulging and obtain a bulging pipe 12;
Step 4, heats again, assembling secondary expanding die:
Take out a bulging pipe 12, the steel ball 1 of break-in in powdered graphite is loaded in a bulging pipe 12, carry out sealing and sealing entirety being heated with right pressure head 3 ' with left pressure head 3, make the temperature of a bulging pipe 12 be 500 ~ 650 DEG C; Guide die 5 and second time guide die 5 ' on left for secondary bulging half mold 6, the right half mold 6 ' of secondary bulging, second are preheating to 250 ~ 300 DEG C, with reference to Fig. 6, guide die 5 and second time guide die 5 ' on sealing entirety, the left half mold of secondary bulging 6, the right half mold 6 ' of secondary bulging, second are assembled, then assembly is placed on hydraulic press workbench;
Step 5, secondary bulging, obtains pipe 13:
With reference to Fig. 7, apply ultrasonic vibration to guide die 5 on second and second time guide die 5 ', wherein vibration frequency is 15KHz; First the left half mold of secondary bulging 6, the right half mold of secondary bulging 6 ' drive left pressure head 3, right pressure head 3 ' with the relative motion of 20mm/s speed, one time bulging pipe 12 produces useful fold, stop motion when mould matched moulds under the left half mold of secondary bulging 6, secondary bulging right half mold 6 ' axial force and steel ball 1 squeezing action; Then with reference to Fig. 8, left pressure head 3 is with right pressure head 3 ' with the relative motion of 10mm/s speed, and left pressure head 3 and right pressure head 3 ' extrude steel ball 1 and a bulging pipe 12 is fitted mould gradually, thus progressively completes secondary bulging and obtain secondary bulging pipe 13;
Step 6, three heating, assembling compacting tool set:
Take out secondary bulging pipe 13, the steel ball of break-in in powdered graphite is loaded in secondary bulging pipe 13, carry out sealing and sealing entirety being heated with right pressure head 3 ' with left pressure head 3, make the temperature of secondary bulging pipe 13 be 500 ~ 650 DEG C; Left compacting tool set 8, right compacting tool set 8 ', upper compacting tool set 7, lower compacting tool set 7 ', left abutment sleeve 9, right abutment sleeve 9 ' are preheating to 250 ~ 300 DEG C, with reference to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, sealing entirety, left compacting tool set 8, right compacting tool set 8 ', upper compacting tool set 7, lower compacting tool set 7 ', left abutment sleeve 9 and right abutment sleeve 9 ' are assembled, then assembly is placed on hydraulic press workbench;
Step 7, compacting, obtains automobile rear axle housing drip molding 14:
With reference to Figure 11 and Figure 12, left compacting tool set 8, right compacting tool set 8 ', upper compacting tool set 7 and lower compacting tool set 7 ' are simultaneously with the speed relative motion of 20mm/s, and secondary bulging pipe 13 is progressively fitted mould under steel ball 1 with the common squeezing action of mould; Left pressure head 3 is subject to the outside freely-movable of steel ball 1 squeezing action with right pressure head 3 ' in rear axle case pressing process, stop motion after left compacting tool set 8, right compacting tool set 8 ', upper compacting tool set 7 and lower compacting tool set 7 ' matched moulds, obtains automobile rear axle housing drip molding 14.
Claims (2)
1. a heat expansion vibration combined forming process for the solid particle of automobile rear axle housing, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, undergauge process, obtains undergauge pipe (11):
First require to choose GB/T8162-2008 standard seamless steel pipe (10) according to automobile rear axle housing size and bulging, wherein, the diameter of seamless steel pipe (10) and the maximum equivalent diameter ratio of axle housing are greater than 0.5; Then cold push-sinking process is carried out to it, wherein no more than 4 times of tubing undergauge passage, every time diameter reducing rate is less than 15%, if required undergauge passage is greater than two passages, carries out stress relief annealing in seamless steel pipe (10) undergauge process after every two passage undergauges to it;
Step 2, heating, assemble an expanding die:
The solid particle of break-in in powdered graphite is loaded in undergauge pipe (11), solid particle is steel ball or Ceramic Balls, seal with left pressure head (3) and right pressure head (3 ') carrying out and sealing entirety is heated, making the temperature of undergauge pipe (11) be 500 ~ 650 DEG C; Guide die (4) and first time guide die (4 ') on left half mold of bulging (2), right half mold (2 ') of bulging, first are preheating to 250 ~ 300 DEG C, on, left half mold of bulging (2) overall to sealing, right half mold (2 ') of bulging, first, guide die (4) and first time guide die (4 ') are assembled, and are then placed on hydraulic press workbench by assembly;
Step 3, a bulging, obtains a bulging pipe (12):
Apply hydraulic vibration, mechanical oscillation or ultrasonic vibration to guide die (4) on first and first time guide die (4 '), wherein vibration frequency is 10 ~ 15KHz; First the left half mold of bulging (2), the right half mold of a bulging (2 ') drive left pressure head (3), right pressure head (3 ') with the relative motion of 15 ~ 20mm/s speed, undergauge pipe (11) produces useful fold, stop motion when mould meets predetermined stroke under the axial force and solid particle squeezing action of a left half mold of bulging (2), the right half mold of a bulging (2 '); Then left pressure head (3) and right pressure head (3 ') are with the relative motion of 5 ~ 10mm/s speed, left pressure head (3) and right pressure head (3 ') extrusion solid particle make undergauge pipe (11) to fit gradually mould, thus progressively complete a bulging and obtain a bulging pipe (12);
Step 4, heats again, assembling secondary expanding die:
Take out a bulging pipe (12), the solid particle of break-in in powdered graphite is loaded in a bulging pipe (12), seal with left pressure head (3) and right pressure head (3 ') carrying out and sealing entirety is heated, making the temperature of a bulging pipe (12) be 500 ~ 650 DEG C; Guide die (5) and second time guide die (5 ') on left for secondary bulging half mold (6), the right half mold (6 ') of secondary bulging, second are preheating to 250 ~ 300 DEG C, guide die (5) and second time guide die (5 ') on sealing entirety, the left half mold of secondary bulging (6), the right half mold (6 ') of secondary bulging, second are assembled, then assembly is placed on hydraulic press workbench;
Step 5, secondary bulging, obtains secondary bulging pipe (13):
Apply hydraulic vibration, mechanical oscillation or ultrasonic vibration to guide die (5) on second and second time guide die (5 '), wherein vibration frequency is 10 ~ 15KHz; First the left half mold of secondary bulging (6), the right half mold of secondary bulging (6 ') drive left pressure head (3), right pressure head (3 ') with the relative motion of 15 ~ 20mm/s speed, one time bulging pipe (12) produces useful fold, stop motion when mould matched moulds under the left half mold of secondary bulging (6), secondary bulging right half mold (6 ') axial force and solid particle squeezing action; Then left pressure head (3) and right pressure head (3 ') are with the relative motion of 5 ~ 10mm/s speed, left pressure head (3) and right pressure head (3 ') extrusion solid particle make a bulging pipe (12) to fit gradually mould, thus progressively complete secondary bulging and obtain secondary bulging pipe (13);
Step 6, three heating, assembling compacting tool set:
Take out secondary bulging pipe (13), the solid particle of break-in in powdered graphite is loaded in secondary bulging pipe (13), seal with left pressure head (3) and right pressure head (3 ') carrying out and sealing entirety is heated, making the temperature of secondary bulging pipe (13) be 500 ~ 650 DEG C; Left compacting tool set (8), right compacting tool set (8 '), upper compacting tool set (7), lower compacting tool set (7 '), left abutment sleeve (9), right abutment sleeve (9 ') are preheating to 250 ~ 300 DEG C; Sealing entirety, left compacting tool set (8), right compacting tool set (8 '), upper compacting tool set (7), lower compacting tool set (7 '), left abutment sleeve (9) and right abutment sleeve (9 ') are assembled, then assembly is placed on hydraulic press workbench;
Step 7, compacting, obtains automobile rear axle housing drip molding (14):
Left compacting tool set (8), right compacting tool set (8 '), upper compacting tool set (7) and lower compacting tool set (7 ') are simultaneously with the speed relative motion of 15 ~ 20mm/s, and secondary bulging pipe (13) is progressively fitted mould under the common squeezing action of solid particle and mould; Left pressure head (3) and right pressure head (3 ') are subject to the outside freely-movable of solid particle squeezing action in rear axle case pressing process, stop motion after left compacting tool set (8), right compacting tool set (8 '), upper compacting tool set (7) and lower compacting tool set (7 ') matched moulds, finally obtains automobile rear axle housing drip molding (14).
2. the heat expansion vibration combined forming process of the solid particle of a kind of automobile rear axle housing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the particle size range of described solid particle is 1 ~ 4mm.
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| CN201410130770.8A CN103920795B (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2014-04-02 | A kind of heat expansion vibration combined forming process of solid particle of automobile rear axle housing |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104646480B (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2016-09-28 | 安徽工业大学 | The method and device that a kind of light-alloy reducer pipe shapes |
| CN105107996B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-05-17 | 浙江利福德机械有限公司 | Cold press molding process for carrier body |
| CN106181240A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-12-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of C Mn B system high-strength steel abnormity strong quenching integrated metallization processes of the swollen difference of hollow parts hot extrusion |
| CN106391871B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-01-16 | 燕山大学 | Small and medium-sized car swelling pressure shapes the continuous stem reducing mould of axle housing |
| CN110586773A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-20 | 唐山昆鹏金属再生资源有限公司 | Integral forming process method for rectangular steel of automobile rear axle housing |
| CN114789217A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-26 | 广东轻量科技发展有限责任公司 | Automobile axle housing, automobile axle housing mold and forming method |
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