CN110102643B - Disposable forming die and forming method for double-corrugated shell - Google Patents
Disposable forming die and forming method for double-corrugated shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN110102643B CN110102643B CN201910435172.4A CN201910435172A CN110102643B CN 110102643 B CN110102643 B CN 110102643B CN 201910435172 A CN201910435172 A CN 201910435172A CN 110102643 B CN110102643 B CN 110102643B
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- die
- lower die
- upper die
- spring
- movable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D15/00—Corrugating tubes
- B21D15/02—Corrugating tubes longitudinally
- B21D15/03—Corrugating tubes longitudinally by applying fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D15/00—Corrugating tubes
- B21D15/12—Bending tubes into wave form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
- B21D37/12—Particular guiding equipment, e.g. pliers; Special arrangements for interconnection or cooperation of dies
Abstract
The invention discloses a one-time forming die and a one-time forming method for a double-corrugated shell, which are characterized in that: the upper die consists of an upper die pull rod, an upper die plate, an upper pressing head, an upper die adjusting nut, an upper die locking nut, an upper die adjusting screw, an upper die spring adjusting gasket, an upper die spring rod, an upper die female die outer ring, an upper die movable female die and an upper die adjusting ring, and the lower die consists of a guide rod, a first split positioning ring, a second split positioning ring, a positioning ring pull rod, a lower die female die outer ring, a lower die movable female die, a first lower die spring rod, a first lower die spring adjusting gasket, a lower die adjusting ring, a second lower die spring rod, a lower die adjusting nut, a lower die locking nut, a lower die adjusting screw, a second lower die spring, a lower die plate, a guide rod adjusting screw, a lower pressing head and a second lower die spring adjusting gasket. The invention has the advantages of good forming quality, high precision, energy conservation, environmental protection, low equipment requirement and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of internal high-pressure forming of pipe parts, and particularly relates to a one-time forming die and a one-time forming method of a double-corrugated shell.
Background
Along with the promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction engineering in China, the structure light weight becomes a primary task of industrial design. The thin-wall corrugated pipe is used as a representative of a shell part, and is used as main component parts of various compensation elements, flexible connectors and heat exchange elements according to the characteristics of good axial, radial and circumferential deformability and high fatigue life. The method is widely applied to industries such as aerospace, electric instruments, petrochemical industry, automobiles, ships and the like. And in particular, the application in the aerospace field is more extensive.
At present, the main forming methods of the metal corrugated pipe mainly comprise the steps of steel film bulging, internal high-pressure forming, spinning forming and welding forming. Internal high pressure forming techniques can be classified into hydroforming, viscous medium forming, polyurethane forming, and granular medium forming processes, etc., depending on the pressure transfer medium employed.
In both hydroforming and viscous medium forming of metal bellows, specialized pressurization means and sealing structures need to be provided during the forming process. However, polyurethane is easy to lose efficacy after repeated loading and the precision of the final formed part is not high although a sealing structure is not needed in polyurethane forming.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a one-time forming die and a one-time forming method for a double-corrugated shell, which aim at the defects of the prior art, and the one-time forming die and the one-time forming method are good in forming quality, high in precision, energy-saving, environment-friendly, low in equipment requirement and convenient to operate.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a one-time forming die and a forming method for a double-corrugated shell are characterized in that: comprises an upper die and a lower die, wherein the upper die consists of an upper die pull rod, an upper die plate, an upper pressure head, an upper die adjusting nut, an upper die locking nut, an upper die adjusting screw, an upper die spring adjusting gasket, an upper die spring rod, an upper die outer ring, an upper die movable die and an upper die adjusting ring, a plurality of upper die pull rods are uniformly distributed on the upper die plate along the circumferential direction, the tail parts of the upper die pull rods are arranged in the mounting holes of the upper die movable die, the center of the upper die plate is provided with a stepped through hole, the upper pressure head is fixedly arranged in the stepped through hole of the upper die plate through a screw, the upper die movable die is of a hollow sleeve structure with a flange and is connected with the upper die plate through the upper die pull rod, a plurality of upper die adjusting screws are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the upper die movable die along the circumferential direction, the upper die adjusting nut and the upper die locking nut are both arranged on an upper die adjusting screw, the outer ring of the upper die female die is of a hollow sleeve structure with a flange, a central through hole of the outer ring of the upper die female die and the outer cylindrical surface of the upper die movable female die are in clearance fit, an upper die spring and an upper die spring adjusting gasket are sleeved on the upper die spring rod, two ends of the upper die spring rod are respectively connected with the top flange of the outer ring of the upper die female die and the top flange of the upper die movable female die, the upper die adjusting ring is arranged on the top surface of the outer ring of the upper die female die, and the lower die is composed of a guide rod, a first split positioning ring, a second split positioning ring, a positioning ring pull rod, a lower die outer ring, a lower die movable female die, a first lower die spring rod, a first lower die spring adjusting gasket, a lower die adjusting ring, a second lower die spring rod, a lower die adjusting nut, a lower die adjusting screw rod, the lower die outer ring is of a double-flange hollow sleeve structure, the lower die movable die is installed in a central hole of the lower die outer ring, a first lower die spring rod is installed between a lower die outer ring lower flange and a lower die movable die bottom flange, a first lower die spring rod and a first lower die spring adjusting gasket are installed on the first lower die spring rod, the lower die adjusting ring is installed on the top surface of the lower die movable die bottom flange, the lower die is installed in the central hole of the lower die cavity outer ring, a guide rod is evenly distributed on the lower die cavity, a plurality of lower die adjusting screws are installed on the lower die bottom flange, and a plurality of lower die adjusting screws are installed on the lower die spring rod and the lower die spring rod.
The forming method comprises the following steps:
a) According to the shape of the double-corrugated shell part to be formed and the deformation resistance of the original tube blank, the distance L1 between the upper pressing head and the upper die movable die, the distance L1 between the upper die adjusting nut and the upper die plate, the distance L2 between the upper die outer ring flange and the upper die movable die flange, the distance L2 between the upper die movable die and the upper die adjusting ring, the distance L3 between the lower die outer ring lower flange and the lower die movable die flange, the distance L3 between the lower die movable die and the lower die adjusting ring, the distance L4 between the lower die movable die flange and the lower die plate flange and the distance L4 between the lower die adjusting nut and the lower die movable die bottom flange are adjusted; adjusting the screwing depth of the guide rod adjusting screw to enable the relative position of the middle conical surface of the guide rod to be positioned at the middle position of double corrugation in forming; the initial load of the die spring is set to satisfy: the initial load of the upper die spring is smaller than the initial load of the second lower die spring, the initial load of the first lower die spring is smaller than the initial load of the first lower die spring, and the spring stiffness of the die is set to meet the following conditions: the upper die spring rate < second lower die spring rate < first lower die spring rate.
b) The upper die is fixed on a movable cross beam of the forming equipment through an upper die plate, the lower die is fixed on a lower cross beam of the forming equipment through a lower die plate, and the initial tube blank is placed into the assembled lower die, and a certain amount of granular medium is added.
c) The upper die is driven by forming equipment to descend, so that the outer ring of the female die of the upper die is contacted with the first split positioning ring and the second split positioning ring; the upper pressure head is pressed into the granular medium under the action of the equipment pressure F, so that the upper part of the tube blank gradually performs free bulging, and the free bulging of the upper end is finished when the surface of the upper die plate is contacted with the upper die adjusting nut; then, under the action of equipment load F, the upper die plate drives the upper die movable female die to compress the upper die spring, so that the upper pressure head and the upper die movable female die move downwards simultaneously, the pipe blank enters the upper ripple shaping deformation until the flange of the upper die movable female die contacts with the upper die adjusting ring, and the upper ripple shaping of the pipe blank is finished; continuously increasing the equipment load F, at the moment, the upper die drives the first split positioning ring, the second split positioning ring, the outer ring of the lower die female die and the lower die movable female die to move downwards, the second lower die spring is gradually compressed, the lower pressure head moves upwards relative to the tube blank, so that the lower end of the tube blank gradually performs free bulging deformation until the flange of the lower die movable female die contacts with the lower die adjusting nut, and the free bulging of the lower end of the tube blank is finished; and continuously increasing the equipment load F, simultaneously driving the first split positioning ring, the second split positioning ring and the outer ring of the lower die to compress the first lower die spring by the upper die, enabling the lower die movable die and the lower pressure head to move upwards relative to the tube blank, and enabling the tube blank to enter lower ripple shaping deformation until the lower die movable die flange contacts with the lower die adjusting ring, and finishing the ripple shaping of the lower end of the tube blank and finishing the whole shaping.
d) After forming, the upper die returns to the initial position, the upper die spring, the upper die pull rod, the first lower die spring and the second lower die spring are all restored to the initial position, the formed double-corrugated shell is left in the lower die, the positioning ring pull rod is loosened, the first split positioning ring and the second split positioning ring are opened, and the formed double-corrugated shell is taken out from the lower die female die outer ring and the lower die movable female die in the lower die after cleaning particle media.
The upper pressure head in the upper die is of a hollow cylindrical structure with a flange plate, the bottom of the upper pressure head is provided with a conical surface, and the bottom surface of a central hole of the movable female die of the upper die is provided with a transition fillet.
The central through hole of the outer ring of the female die of the upper die is in clearance fit with the outer cylindrical surface of the movable female die of the upper die.
The central through hole of the outer ring of the lower die female die in the lower die is in clearance fit with the outer cylindrical surface of the lower die movable female die.
The top surface of the center hole of the movable female die of the lower die is provided with a transition fillet.
The guide rod in the lower die is a stepped shaft with thick middle and thin two ends, and the diameter thin section and the middle diameter thick section adopt conical surface transition.
The top end of the lower pressure head in the lower die is of a conical structure.
The upper die mainly comprises an upper die pull rod, an upper die plate, an upper pressure head, an upper die adjusting nut, an upper die locking nut, an upper die adjusting screw, an upper die spring adjusting gasket, an upper die spring, an upper die female die outer ring, an upper die movable female die and an upper die adjusting ring. The upper die pull rods are uniformly arranged on the upper die plate, and the number of the upper die pull rods is designed according to the size of the demoulding force after forming. The central position of the upper template is provided with a stepped through hole, the top end of the upper pressure head adopts a conical surface design, and the size of the conical surface can be designed according to the shape of the final formed part and the deformation resistance of the pipe. The upper die movable female die is of a hollow sleeve structure with a flange and is connected with the upper die plate through an upper die pull rod. The central through hole of the upper die movable female die is concentric with the outer circular surface of the upper pressing head and is in clearance fit, and the inner hole surface of the other end of the upper die movable female die is provided with a forming transition fillet. An upper die adjusting screw is uniformly arranged on the flange end face of the upper die movable female die, and an upper die adjusting nut and an upper die locking nut are arranged on the upper die adjusting screw. The number of the upper die adjusting screws is designed according to the deformation load required by forming. The initial position relation between the upper pressing head and the upper die movable female die can be realized by adjusting the length L1 of the upper die pull rod, and the pressing depth class of the upper pressing head during forming is realized by the length L1 of the upper die pull rod and the distance L1 between the adjusting nut and the upper die plate. The outer ring of the upper die female die is of a hollow sleeve structure with a flange, and a clearance fit is formed between the central through hole of the outer ring of the upper die female die and the outer cylindrical surface of the upper die movable female die. The upper die spring rod is sleeved with an upper die spring and an upper die spring adjusting gasket. The two ends of the upper die spring rod are respectively connected with the upper die female die outer ring flange and the upper die movable female die flange, and the adjustment of the load of the upper die spring and the distance L2 between the upper die female die outer ring flange and the upper die movable female die flange is realized by changing the height of the upper die spring adjusting gasket. An upper die adjusting ring is arranged on the outer ring flange of the upper die female die, the upper die adjusting ring is of a hollow structure, and the diameter of a central through hole of the upper die adjusting ring is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the upper pressing head. The limit of the displacement of the movable female die of the upper die in the forming process is realized by changing the height of the upper die adjusting ring (namely changing the distance l2 between the movable female die of the upper die and the upper die adjusting ring).
The lower die mainly comprises a guide rod, a first split positioning ring, a second split positioning ring, a positioning ring pull ring, a lower die outer ring, a lower die movable die, a first lower die spring rod, a first lower die spring adjusting gasket, a lower die adjusting ring, a second lower die spring rod, a lower die adjusting nut, a lower die locking nut, a lower die adjusting screw, a second lower die spring, a guide rod adjusting screw, a lower pressing head, a second lower die spring adjusting gasket and the like. The first split positioning ring and the second split positioning ring form a complete ring by adopting a prestress connection mode through positioning ring pull rods positioned at two sides, the magnitude of the pretightening force of the positioning ring pull rods is selected according to the internal pressure required by pipe deformation, and the first split positioning ring and the second split positioning ring are ensured not to generate gaps in forming. And placing the pre-tightened half positioning ring on an upper flange of the outer ring of the lower die female die, so that the through hole of the half positioning ring is concentric with the through hole of the outer ring of the lower die female die. The adjustment of the load of the first lower die spring and the distance L3 between the lower flange of the outer ring of the lower die female die and the movable female die flange of the lower die is realized by changing the height of the first lower die spring adjusting gasket. The lower die adjusting ring is arranged on the lower die outer ring flange, and is of a hollow structure, and the diameter of a central through hole of the lower die adjusting ring is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the lower pressure head. The limit of the displacement of the movable female die of the upper die in the forming process is realized by changing the height of the lower die adjusting ring (namely changing the distance l3 between the movable female die of the lower die and the lower die adjusting ring). The lower template is a cylindrical part with a flange, and the cylindrical surface of the lower template is in clearance fit with the movable female die of the lower die. The relative position of the middle conical surface of the guide rod is adjusted by adjusting the screwing depth of the guide rod adjusting screw. The second lower die spring rods and the lower die adjusting screws are uniformly arranged on the lower die plate flange, and the number of the second lower die spring rods and the lower die adjusting screws is designed according to the forming requirement. The movable female die of the lower die is connected with the lower die plate through a second lower die spring rod. And a second lower die spring adjusting gasket are sleeved on the second lower die spring rod, and the adjustment of the load of the second lower die spring and the distance L4 between the lower die movable die flange and the lower die flange is realized by changing the height of the second lower die spring adjusting gasket. The lower pressure head is positioned on the end face of the cylindrical surface of the lower die plate, the lower pressure head is a hollow cylindrical piece, the inner diameter of the lower pressure head is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the thin end of the guide rod, and the outer diameter of the lower pressure head is smaller than the inner hole diameter of the movable female die of the lower die and 2 times of the wall thickness of the tube blank. The lower pressure head adopts a conical surface, and the cone angle is designed according to the forming requirement. The lower die adjusting screw is provided with a lower die adjusting nut and a lower die locking nut, and the control of the pressing depth of the lower pressing head during forming is realized by adjusting the distance L4 between the lower die movable die flange and the lower die flange and the distance L4 between the lower die adjusting nut and the upper die plate.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) In the forming process, the movable female die and the pressure head are matched to complete the corrugated forming, so that the pressure of granular media required by forming is reduced, forming defects such as tube blank compression instability and the like caused by loading at the end part of an original tube blank are avoided, and the control difficulty of technological parameters is reduced.
(2) The forming of two corrugations can be realized simultaneously in one loading process, and the forming efficiency is improved.
(3) Only the upper die plate is required to be loaded in the whole forming process, other external loads are not required, and the dependence on forming equipment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the first stage of the deformation of the present invention (the distance between the upper die plate and the upper die adjusting nut is zero);
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the second stage of deformation (the distance between the upper die movable female die and the upper die adjusting ring is zero) of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the third stage of the deformation of the present invention (the distance between the lower die adjusting nut and the lower die movable die is zero);
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the fourth stage of the deformation of the invention (the distance between the outer ring of the lower die and the lower die adjusting ring is zero);
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the first split positioning ring and the second split positioning ring of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the dual damascene housing of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows: the upper die 1, the upper die draw bar 101, the upper die plate 102, the upper ram 103, the upper die adjusting nut 104, the upper die lock nut 105, the upper die adjusting screw 106, the upper die spring adjusting washer 107, the upper die spring 108, the upper die spring lever 109, the upper die female die outer ring 110, the upper die movable female die 111, the upper die adjusting ring 112, the lower die 2, the guide ring 201, the first split positioning ring 202, the second split positioning ring 203, the positioning ring draw bar 204, the lower die female die outer ring 205, the lower die movable female die 206, the first lower die spring lever 207, the first lower die spring 208, the first lower die spring adjusting washer 209, the lower die adjusting ring 210, the second lower die spring lever 211, the lower die adjusting nut 212, the lower die lock nut 213, the lower die adjusting screw 214, the second lower die spring 215, the lower die 216, the guide rod adjusting screw 217, the lower ram 218, the second lower die spring adjusting washer 219, the granular media 3, and the tube blank 4.
Detailed Description
The following is a further description of embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
a one-time forming die and a forming method for a double-corrugated shell are characterized in that: comprises an upper die 1 and a lower die 2, wherein the upper die 1 comprises an upper die pull rod 101, an upper die plate 102, an upper pressure head 103, an upper die adjusting nut 104, an upper die locking nut 105, an upper die adjusting screw 106, an upper die spring adjusting gasket 107, an upper die spring 108, an upper die spring rod 109, an upper die outer ring 110, an upper die movable die 111 and an upper die adjusting ring 112, a plurality of upper die pull rods 101 are uniformly distributed on the upper die plate 102 along the circumferential direction, the tail parts of the upper die pull rods 101 are arranged in mounting holes of the upper die movable die 111, a stepped through hole is arranged in the center of the upper die plate 102, the upper pressure head 103 is fixedly arranged in the stepped through hole of the upper die plate 102 through screws, the upper die movable die 111 is of a hollow sleeve structure with a flange, and the upper die movable die 111 is connected with the upper die plate 102 through the upper die pull rod 101, the upper die adjusting nut 104 and the upper die locking nut 105 are both arranged on the upper die adjusting screw 106, the upper die outer ring 110 is of a hollow sleeve structure with a flange, a central through hole of the upper die outer ring 110 is in clearance fit with the outer cylindrical surface of the upper die movable die 111, an upper die spring 108 and an upper die spring adjusting gasket 107 are sleeved on the upper die spring rod 109, two ends of the upper die spring rod 109 are respectively connected with the top flange of the upper die outer ring 110 and the top flange of the upper die movable die 111, the upper die adjusting ring 112 is arranged on the top surface of the upper die outer ring 110, the lower die 2 is formed by a guide rod 201, a first split positioning ring 202, a second split positioning ring 203, a positioning ring pull rod 204, a lower die outer ring 205, a lower die movable die 206, a first lower die spring rod 207, a lower die spring rod 207, the lower die cavity ring 205 is of a double-flange hollow sleeve structure, the lower die movable cavity 206 is arranged in a central hole of the lower die cavity ring 205, a first lower die spring rod 207 is arranged between a lower flange of the lower die cavity ring 205 and a bottom flange of the lower die movable cavity ring 206, the first lower die spring rod 207 is provided with a first lower die spring 208 and a first lower die spring adjusting gasket 209, the lower die adjusting ring 210 is arranged on the top surface of the bottom flange of the lower die movable die 206, the lower die plate 216 is arranged in the central hole of the lower die movable die 206, the guide rod 201 is arranged in the central hole of the lower die plate 216, the lower press head 218 is arranged on the guide rod 201 and the bottom surface of the lower press head 218 is propped against the top surface of the lower die plate 216, the bottom flange of the lower die plate 216 is uniformly provided with a plurality of lower die adjusting screws 214 along the circumferential direction, the lower die adjusting nuts 212 and the lower die locking nuts 213 are arranged on the lower die adjusting screws 214, a second lower die spring rod 211 is arranged between the bottom flange of the lower die movable die 206 and the bottom flange of the lower die plate 216, the second lower die spring rod 211 is provided with a second lower die spring 215 and a second lower die spring adjusting gasket 219, the guide rod adjusting screw 217 is arranged in a central threaded hole of the lower die plate 216, and the tail part of the guide rod adjusting screw 217 is propped against the bottom surface of the guide rod 201.
In an embodiment, the forming method includes the following steps:
a) According to the shape of the double-corrugated shell part to be formed and the deformation resistance of the original tube blank, the distance L1 between the upper press head 103 and the upper die movable die 111, the distance L1 between the upper die adjusting nut 104 and the upper die plate 102, the distance L2 between the upper die female die outer ring 110 flange and the upper die movable die 111 flange, the distance L2 between the upper die movable die 111 and the upper die adjusting ring 112, the distance L3 between the lower die female die outer ring 205 and the lower die movable die 206 flange, the distance L3 between the lower die movable die 206 and the lower die adjusting ring 210, the distance L4 between the lower die movable die 206 flange and the lower die plate 216 flange and the distance L4 between the lower die adjusting nut 212 and the lower die movable die 206 bottom flange are adjusted; adjusting the depth of screwing the guide rod adjusting screw 217 so that the relative position of the middle conical surface of the guide rod 201 is positioned at the middle position of double corrugation in forming; the initial load of the die spring is set to satisfy: the initial load of the upper die spring 108 < initial load of the second lower die spring 215 < initial load of the first lower die spring 208, the spring rate of the die is set to satisfy: the upper die spring 108 stiffness < second lower die spring 215 stiffness < first lower die spring 208 stiffness.
b) The upper die 1 is fixed on the movable cross beam of the forming equipment through the upper die plate 102, the lower die is fixed on the lower cross beam of the forming equipment through the lower die plate 216, and the initial tube blank 3 is placed into the assembled lower die 2, and a certain amount of granular medium is added.
c) The upper die 1 is driven by forming equipment to descend, so that the outer ring 110 of the female die of the upper die is contacted with the first split positioning ring 202 and the second split positioning ring 203; the upper pressure head 103 is pressed into granular media under the action of equipment pressure F, so that the upper part of the tube blank 3 gradually performs free bulging, and the free bulging of the upper end is finished when the surface of the upper die plate 102 is contacted with the upper die adjusting nut 104; thereafter, under the action of the equipment load F, the upper die plate 102 drives the upper die movable female die 111 to compress the upper die spring 108, so that the upper press head 103 and the upper die movable female die 111 simultaneously move downwards, the pipe blank 3 enters into the upper ripple shaping deformation until the flange of the upper die movable female die 111 contacts with the upper die adjusting ring 112, and the upper ripple shaping of the pipe blank 3 is finished; continuously increasing the equipment load F, at the moment, the upper die 1 drives the first split positioning ring 202, the second split positioning ring 203, the lower die female die outer ring 205 and the lower die movable female die 206 to move downwards, gradually compresses the second lower die spring 215, and the lower pressure head 218 moves upwards relative to the tube blank 3, so that the lower end of the tube blank 3 gradually performs free bulging deformation until the flange of the lower die movable female die 206 is contacted with the lower die adjusting nut 212, and the free bulging of the lower end of the tube blank 3 is finished; continuing to increase the equipment load F, the upper die 1 drives the first split positioning ring 202, the second split positioning ring 203 and the lower die female die outer ring 205 to compress the first lower die spring 208, so that the lower die movable female die 206 and the lower pressure head 218 move upwards relative to the pipe blank 3, the pipe blank 3 enters lower ripple shaping deformation until the flange of the lower die movable female die 206 contacts with the lower die adjusting ring 210, the lower end ripple shaping of the pipe blank 3 is finished, and the whole shaping is finished.
d) After the forming is finished, the upper die 1 returns to the initial position, the upper die spring 108, the upper die pull rod 101, the first lower die spring 208 and the second lower die spring 215 are all restored to the initial position, the formed double-corrugated shell is left in the lower die 2, the positioning ring pull rod 204 is loosened, the first split positioning ring 202 and the second split positioning ring 203 are opened, and the formed double-corrugated shell is taken out from the lower die outer ring 205 and the lower die movable die 206 in the lower die 2 after the granular media are cleaned.
In the embodiment, the upper pressing head 103 in the upper die 1 is of a hollow cylindrical structure with a flange, and the bottom of the upper pressing head 103 is provided with a conical surface.
In the embodiment, a transition fillet is arranged on the bottom surface of the central hole of the upper die movable female die 111 in the upper die 1, and a clearance fit is formed between the central through hole of the upper die female die outer ring 110 in the upper die 1 and the outer cylindrical surface of the upper die movable female die 111.
In the embodiment, a clearance fit is formed between the central through hole of the outer ring 205 of the female die of the lower die 2 and the outer cylindrical surface of the movable female die 206 of the lower die.
In the embodiment, a transition fillet is formed on the top surface of the central hole of the movable female die 206 of the lower die 2.
In the embodiment, the guide rod 201 in the lower die 2 is a stepped shaft with a thick middle and a thin two ends, and a conical surface is adopted between the thin diameter section and the thick middle diameter section.
In an embodiment, the top end of the lower ram 218 in the lower die 2 is a conical structure.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the invention without departing from the principles thereof are intended to be within the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a double wave casing disposable forming die which characterized in that: the upper die (1) consists of an upper die pull rod (101), an upper die plate (102), an upper pressing head (103), an upper die adjusting nut (104), an upper die locking nut (105), an upper die adjusting screw (106), an upper die spring adjusting gasket (107), an upper die spring (108), an upper die spring rod (109), an upper die female die outer ring (110), an upper die movable female die (111) and an upper die adjusting ring (112), wherein a plurality of upper die pull rods (101) are uniformly distributed on the upper die plate (102) along the circumferential direction, the tail parts of the upper die pull rods (101) are arranged in mounting holes of an upper die movable female die (111), a stepped through hole is formed in the center of the upper die plate (102), the upper pressing head (103) is fixedly arranged in the stepped through hole of the upper die plate (102) through a screw, the upper die movable female die (111) is of a hollow sleeve structure with a flange, the upper die movable female die (111) is connected with the upper die (102) through the upper die pull rod (101), a plurality of upper dies (106) are uniformly distributed on the upper die (102) along the circumferential direction, the upper die adjusting screw (106) is uniformly distributed on the upper die (104), the upper die outer ring (110) is of a hollow sleeve structure with a flange, a central through hole of the upper die outer ring (110) is in clearance fit with the outer cylindrical surface of the upper die movable die (111), an upper die spring (108) and an upper die spring adjusting gasket (107) are sleeved on the upper die spring rod (109), two ends of the upper die spring rod (109) are respectively connected with the top flange of the upper die outer ring (110) and the top flange of the upper die movable die (111), the upper die adjusting ring (112) is arranged on the top surface of the upper die outer ring (110), the lower die (2) consists of a guide rod (201), a first split positioning ring (202), a second split positioning ring (203), a positioning ring pull rod (204), a lower die outer ring (205), a lower die movable die (206), a first lower die spring rod (207), a first lower die spring (208), a first lower die spring adjusting gasket (209), a lower die adjusting ring (210), a second lower die spring rod (211), a lower die adjusting nut (212), a lower die adjusting nut (213), a lower die adjusting nut (214), a second die spring (215), a lower die spring (219) and a lower die spring (218) are arranged on the die head, the first split positioning ring (202) and the second split positioning ring (203) are connected by a positioning ring pull rod (204) positioned at two sides in a prestress connection mode, the first split positioning ring (202) and the second split positioning ring (203) are arranged on the top surface of a lower die female die outer ring (205), the lower die female die outer ring (205) is of a double-flange hollow sleeve structure, the lower die movable female die (206) is arranged in a central hole of the lower die female die outer ring (205), a first lower die spring rod (207) is arranged between a lower flange of the lower die female die outer ring (205) and a bottom flange of the lower die movable female die (206), a first lower die spring (208) and a first lower die spring adjusting gasket (209) are arranged on the first lower die spring rod (207), the lower die adjusting ring (210) is arranged on the top surface of the bottom flange of the lower die movable female die (206), a lower die plate (216) is arranged in a central hole of the lower die movable female die (206), a guide rod (201) is arranged in the central hole of the lower die female die (216), a plurality of guide rods (216) are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the bottom surface of the lower die (218) and are arranged on the top surface of the lower die (218), the lower die adjusting nut (212) and the lower die locking nut (213) are both arranged on a lower die adjusting screw rod (214), a second lower die spring rod (211) is arranged between a bottom flange of the lower die movable female die (206) and a bottom flange of the lower die plate (216), a second lower die spring (215) and a second lower die spring adjusting gasket (219) are arranged on the second lower die spring rod (211), a guide rod adjusting screw (217) is arranged in a central threaded hole of the lower die plate (216), and the tail part of the guide rod adjusting screw (217) is propped against the bottom surface of the guide rod (201);
the forming method of the one-time forming die for the double-corrugated shell comprises the following steps of:
a) According to the appearance of the double-corrugated shell part to be formed and the deformation resistance of the original tube blank, the distance L1 between the upper pressing head (103) and the upper die movable concave die (111), the distance L1 between the upper die adjusting nut (104) and the upper die plate (102), the distance L2 between the upper die concave die outer ring (110) flange and the upper die movable concave die (111) flange, the distance L2 between the upper die movable concave die (111) and the upper die adjusting ring (112), the distance L3 between the lower die concave die outer ring (205) lower flange and the lower die movable concave die (206) flange, the distance L3 between the lower die movable concave die (206) flange and the lower die adjusting ring (210), the distance L4 between the lower die movable concave die (206) flange and the lower die movable concave die (216) flange and the distance L4 between the lower die adjusting nut (212) and the lower die movable concave die (206) bottom flange are adjusted; adjusting the screwing depth of the guide rod adjusting screw (217) to enable the relative position of the middle conical surface of the guide rod (201) to be positioned at the middle position of double corrugation in forming; the initial load of the die spring is set to satisfy: the initial load of the upper die spring (108) is less than the initial load of the second lower die spring (215) is less than the initial load of the first lower die spring (208), and the spring stiffness of the die is set to be as follows: the stiffness of the upper die spring (108) is less than the stiffness of the second lower die spring (215) is less than the stiffness of the first lower die spring (208);
b) The upper die (1) is fixed on a movable cross beam of forming equipment through an upper die plate (102), the lower die is fixed on a lower cross beam of the forming equipment through a lower die plate (216), and an initial tube blank (3) is placed into the assembled lower die (2) and a certain amount of granular medium is added;
c) The upper die (1) is driven by forming equipment to descend, so that the outer ring (110) of the female die of the upper die is contacted with the first split positioning ring (202) and the second split positioning ring (203); the upper pressure head (103) is pressed into the granular medium under the action of the equipment pressure F, so that the upper part of the tube blank (3) gradually and freely expands, and when the surface of the upper die plate (102) is contacted with the upper die adjusting nut (104), the upper end freely expands; then, under the action of equipment load F, the upper die plate (102) drives the upper die movable female die (111) to compress the upper die spring (108) so that the upper pressure head (103) and the upper die movable female die (111) move downwards simultaneously, and the pipe blank (3) enters into upper ripple shaping deformation until the flange of the upper die movable female die (111) is contacted with the upper die adjusting ring (112) and the upper ripple shaping of the upper end of the pipe blank (3) is finished; continuously increasing the equipment load F, at the moment, the upper die (1) simultaneously drives the first split positioning ring (202) and the second split positioning ring (203), the lower die outer ring (205) and the lower die movable die (206) to move downwards, the second lower die spring (215) is gradually compressed, the lower pressure head (218) moves upwards relative to the pipe blank (3), so that the lower end of the pipe blank (3) gradually performs free bulging deformation until the flange of the lower die movable die (206) contacts with the lower die adjusting nut (212), and the free bulging of the lower end of the pipe blank (3) is finished; continuously increasing the equipment load F, simultaneously driving a first split positioning ring (202), a second split positioning ring (203) and a lower die female die outer ring (205) to compress a first lower die spring (208) by an upper die (1), enabling a lower die movable female die (206) and a lower pressure head (218) to move upwards relative to a pipe blank (3), enabling the pipe blank (3) to enter lower ripple shaping deformation until a flange of the lower die movable female die (206) is contacted with a lower die adjusting ring (210), finishing ripple shaping of the lower end of the pipe blank (3), and finishing the whole shaping;
d) After forming, returning the upper die (1) to an initial position, returning the upper die spring (108), the upper die pull rod (101), the first lower die spring (208) and the second lower die spring (215) to the initial positions, leaving the formed double-corrugated shell in the lower die (2), loosening the positioning ring pull rod (204), opening the first split positioning ring (202) and the second split positioning ring (203), cleaning the granular media, and taking the formed double-corrugated shell out of the lower die female die outer ring (205) and the lower die movable female die (206) in the lower die (2);
the upper pressure head (103) in the upper die (1) is of a hollow cylindrical structure with a flange plate, the bottom of the upper pressure head (103) is provided with a conical surface, and the bottom surface of a central hole of an upper die movable female die (111) in the upper die (1) is provided with a transition fillet;
the central through hole of the outer ring (110) of the upper die female die in the upper die (1) is in clearance fit with the outer cylindrical surface of the upper die movable female die (111);
the central through hole of the outer ring (205) of the lower die female die in the lower die (2) is in clearance fit with the outer cylindrical surface of the lower die movable female die (206);
the top surface of a central hole of a movable female die (206) of the lower die (2) is provided with a transition fillet;
the guide rod (201) in the lower die (2) is a stepped shaft with thick middle and thin ends, and conical surface transition is adopted between the diameter thin section and the middle diameter thick section;
the top end of a lower pressure head (218) in the lower die (2) is of a conical structure.
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| CN201910435172.4A CN110102643B (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2019-05-23 | Disposable forming die and forming method for double-corrugated shell |
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| CN201910435172.4A CN110102643B (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2019-05-23 | Disposable forming die and forming method for double-corrugated shell |
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| CN110102643B true CN110102643B (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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| CN110814123B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-03-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rapid thermal forming device and method for corrugated pipe |
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