CN104634410A - Method for detecting capacity of oil tank with fiber bragg gratings online - Google Patents
Method for detecting capacity of oil tank with fiber bragg gratings online Download PDFInfo
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- CN104634410A CN104634410A CN201510079041.9A CN201510079041A CN104634410A CN 104634410 A CN104634410 A CN 104634410A CN 201510079041 A CN201510079041 A CN 201510079041A CN 104634410 A CN104634410 A CN 104634410A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting capacity of an oil tank with fiber bragg gratings online. Fiber bragg grating liquid level sensors are fixed on the bottom surface of the oil tank via a 8*8 multipoint net distribution structure by means of welding, the sensors are connected through fibers and the connected with a fiber bragg grating demodulator through fibers, and the demodulator is connected with an upper computer (PC). Based on the liquid level height measured by the fiber bragg grating liquid level sensors, a simulative liquid stereoscopic topography model is established through the computer, and high-precision actual liquid capacity is obtained by computing with a mathematical method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid capacity detection method, particularly relate to a kind of method of fiber grating on-line checkingi tank(storage)capacity.
Background technology
The large oil tank used at present, outward appearance is cylindrical, and bottom surface is not but plane, and it is similar to cone surface, and middle part is high, and surrounding is low, and middle part is than surrounding height about 20cm, its objective is the volume error that bottom when reducing oil tank oil storage, concave deformation causes.In national verification code, the measurement of oil tank oil tankage is by measuring amount dipstick height, and inquiry capacities chart obtains.Capacities chart be according to slack tank measure result establishment, acquisition be height and slack tank capacity between relation table, measuring method has chi method of enclosing, total powerstation method, 3 D laser scanning method etc.Visible, this measuring method, it is not a kind of real-time online measuring method, and there is very important error between the current memory space of oil tank, even if the relative value of this error meets national standard, also because its absolute value is large, bring great economic trade poor, secondly, due to the distortion of oil tank bottom surface, the cubic content measurement compensated without end amount also can have an impact to measurement result.Adopt the method for on-line real-time measuremen then can solve the problem.
During on-line checkingi tank(storage)capacity, consider two problems, one is possess fire-proof and explosion-proof, lasting effective performance, and two is solve end amount compensation problem.Hydraulic pressure can be surveyed in the market, the sensor of capacity has much, but traditional electric sensor inapplicable.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes the deficiency of existing tank(storage)capacity measuring method, provide a kind of method of fiber grating on-line checkingi tank(storage)capacity, the actual capacity of energy on-line checkingi liquid.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals:
The inventive method uses optical fiber, Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, PC, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor and ullage rule.Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor are fixed by welding in tank bottom, Fiber connection is passed through between sensor, optical fiber is crossed roof and is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator outside oil tank, (FBG) demodulator connects host computer (PC), and ullage rule is used for measuring the height of tank bottom zero groove to current level.
Every eight of described Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor is equidistantly connected in a light path, by optical signal transmission fiber, has eight light paths, i.e. eight passages, each passage with oil tank center for the center of circle, in round distribution; And the spacing of adjacent two passages is equal; Each working sensor wavelength interval 6nm in same passage, operation wavelength elects 1521nm, 1527nm, 1533nm, 1539nm, 1545nm, 1551nm, 1557nm, 1563nm as respectively; Each passage is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator by optical fiber, and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is connected with the liquid level sensor of most inner lane passage, and (FBG) demodulator connects host computer.
According to above-mentioned hardware design, its method calculating liquid capacity is as follows: set up three-dimensional system of coordinate, because each sensor utilizes his operation wavelength and the passage at its place mutually to distinguish, such as, in 1 passage, No. 1 corresponding 1521nm of sensor, No. 2 corresponding 1527nm of sensor, No. 3 corresponding 1533nm of sensor, No. 4 sensors are 1539nm, the rest may be inferred, every 8 sensors are a passage, 1-8 series connection is 1 passage, No. 9-16 is 2 passages, No. 17-24 is 3 passages different channel sensor arranges from small to large by its numbering and is also corresponding in turn to 1521nm, 1527nm, 1533nm ...., thus, according to 8 × 8 distribution modes of sensor, bed-plate dimension in conjunction with oil tank can draw his XY coordinate, now with oil tank zero groove place plane for reference field, zero groove utilizing the ullage rule of grade precision to record is to the liquid level value of liquid level
, the liquid level that each fiber-optic grating sensor records
the Bragg wavelength shift amount of wavelength shift to other Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor simultaneously utilizing circle ring center to locate the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor of only temperature influence compensates, central optical fiber grating temperature sensor is numbered " 0 ", connect with the liquid level sensor of 1 passage, its operation wavelength is 1515nm, calculates
value be exactly the Z axis coordinate figure that when there is liquid in oil tank, sensor is new, if ignore bottom surface in deformation process and the horizontal and vertical displacement of temperature changes on sensor, namely on the impact that sensors X Y-coordinate is brought, so utilize the three-dimensional coordinate that each sensor is new, three-dimensional coordinate point corresponding for sensors all in host computer is connected to form simulation curved surface, again in conjunction with the liquid level value obtained measured by them, form a new spatial structure, finally utilize mathematical method to calculate the actual capacity of liquid.When actual liquid level is lower than oil tank bottom center highest point, now liquid level is very low, and the bottom deformation caused by fluid pressure can be ignored, and the bottom surface pattern recorded during slack tank can be adopted to be calculated liquid capacity now.
Compared with background technology, gain effect of the present invention is:
1. the present invention at oil tank internal memory in the case of a liquid, can carry out long-term on-line checkingi to the change of liquid capacity, the capability value of real-time measurement current liquid, and make the capability value information of acquisition inform user more fast and accurately.
2. sensor of the present invention with 8 × 8 multiple spot net like structure distribution at tank bottom, its position is annulus and octagon diagonal line point of intersection, but the present invention adopts Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor to measure, this sensor not only has resistance to compression, the advantage such as anticorrosive, and the number of channels that its characteristic that can connect is required when greatly reducing demodulation, the more important thing is, the data that record can be made mutually corresponding with sensor according to the difference of different operation wavelengths and residing passage, realize location.
3. calculate liquid capacity in the present invention, that the actual complexion of liquid is reproduced in a computer with the form of simulating stereo by the data recorded, by mathematical method, this simulating stereo is carried out to the calculating of volume, the result obtained is the capability value of current liquid simultaneously.The method of this calculating liquid capacity is newly not only directly perceived, easy, and takes full advantage of the data recorded, and degree of accuracy is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is measuring system structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that fiber-optic grating sensor of the present invention is layouted distribution plan;
Fig. 3 is that the fiber-optic grating sensor in the same passage of the present invention is connected with (FBG) demodulator and wavelength multiplexing figure;
Fig. 4 a is fiber-optic grating sensor schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b is fiber-optic grating sensor cut-away view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is fiber-optic grating sensor XY axial coordinate value schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is fiber-optic grating sensor Z axis coordinate value schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that the present invention is used for the fiber-optic grating sensor structural drawing of temperature compensation;
Fig. 8 is the spatial structure graph of a relation that the present invention calculates liquid actual capacity.
Embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in oil tank of the present invention, liquid capacity on-line measuring device comprises oil tank 1; Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor 2; Ullage rule 3; Optical fiber 4; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 5; PC 6; Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 7; Wherein, Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor 2 and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 7 are fixed by welding on oil tank 1 bottom surface, the sensor optical fiber 4 of same passage couples together, the sensor of 8 passages is crossed roof by optical fiber 4 and is connected in fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 5, and (FBG) demodulator 5 connects PC 6 by netting twine.
Oil tank in the present embodiment is 100,000 cubes of oil tanks, be highly 20 meters, basal diameter 80 meters, to apply to other storage volume oil tank in go time, because bottom size is different, suitably can change the spacing between each sensor, adopt same distributed architecture, make it be adapted to the oil tank that will detect, and revise the code that host computer calculates XY coordinate corresponding in the programming software of liquid capacity, both are mutually corresponding.
In the present embodiment, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator adopts the SM125 model of MOI company, and light source wave band is 1510nm ~ 1590nm, by expanding the method for passage, uses 8 passages simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, the Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor 2 in the present invention adopts 8 × 8 multiple spot net distribution structures to be fixed, and each circle interval is identical, and the sensor from inside outwards on each circle is same passage, is altogether 64 Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensors 2.
As shown in Figure 3, Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor 2 in the same passage of the present invention adopts the form of series connection, for distinguishing each sensor, now changing grating pitch makes the bragg wavelength of each sensor all different, series connection 8 sensors in same passage, its operation wavelength is followed successively by 1521nm from small to large by sensor number, 1527nm, 1533nm, 1539nm, 1545nm, 1551nm, 1557nm, 1563nm, be 1 passage by 1-8 series connection, No. 9-16 is 2 passages, No. 17-24 is 3 passages, by that analogy, totally 8 passages 64 Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensors, thus, utilize bragg wavelength and place passage, 64 sensors can be distinguished and come.And when the later stage separates reconciliation process data, for the oil tanks of 20 meters high, the wavelength shift that liquid level sensor produces because of pressure when filled with fluid is about 3nm, the operation wavelength that known sensor is original, for ensureing the reliability measured, former operation wavelength is dropped on toward in the scope of eminence 4 nm according to wavelength when measuring, such as, in 1 passage, one of them wavelength obtained during measurement is 1522nm, this wavelength has dropped within the scope of 1521nm-1525nm, can judge that this wavelength is that No. 1 sensor feedback is returned, wavelength during other sensor measurement also can carry out analogizing location according to the method wavelength basis scope and place passage.
The maximum pressure that bears of Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor is 0.5MPa, precision is grade, and under pressure, its operation wavelength offsets on frequency spectrum, and pressure is relevant to liquid height, anti-liquid height can be pushed away by survey sensor operation wavelength side-play amount.For eliminating the impact of temperature variation, fibre grating temperature compensation transducer is set, the Metal Packaging good by heat transfer property, isolated liquid, the only impact of liquid body temperature.
Relevant derivation formula is:
Above formula is the formula that ess-strain causes grating operation wavelength variable quantity, in formula
it is the elasto-optical coefficient of optical fiber;
for strain
the sensitivity coefficient of the wavelength variations caused.
Above formula is temperature variation
cause the movement of Bragg wavelength
, in formula
for the thermal expansivity of FBG;
for the thermo-optical coeffecient of FBG,
for temperature
the sensitivity coefficient of the wavelength variations caused.
When pressure and temperature acts on fiber-optic grating sensor simultaneously, suppose that the impact of pressure and temperature on wavelength is separate, then total formula is:
In formula
for pressure sensitivity coefficient of the sensor,
temperature control coefficient.
And for the pressure that liquid produces, its bottom pressure formula is:
In formula
for liquid pressure,
for fluid density,
for acceleration of gravity,
for liquid level.
Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor of the present invention as shown in figures 4 a and 4b.Transducer transversely is carried out being weldingly fixed on tank bottom, shell 15 contacts with tank bottom, feed liquor body mouth 10 is opening up, liquid enters sensor internal by feed liquor body mouth, after liquid is full of internal pipeline, under the effect of fluid pressure, because longitudinal pressure up and down can near cancellation, so be stressed, plate 8 drives thin cylinder 9 to carry out cross directional stretch, thus drive fiber grating 14 to stretch, the operation wavelength of light is changed, conducted by optical fiber 13, and thin cylinder and the fiber support frame 12 installed on the pedestal 11 are selected with certain proportion in the thermal expansivity and length used of selection, make the stroke impact of the thermal expansion factor of material on optical fiber minimum, improve precision.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, oil tank 1 basal diameter of the present invention is 80 meters, Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor 2 distribution plan according to Fig. 2, assuming that distribution plan outmost turns diameter is identical with oil tank 1 basal diameter, be zero coordinate points with the center of circle, coordinate system unit is set to " rice ", sensors X Y-coordinate value can be determined according to mathematical relation, the such as coordinate of 1 the i.e. XY coordinate of No. 1 sensor is (40/8,0), the XY coordinate of No. 2 sensors be (40/(8 ×
), 40/(8 ×
)), the then liquid level that records of utilization dipstick
, the height that sensor records
, obtain Z axis coordinate
, the sensor placement corresponding for each passage describes in detail in illustrating the explanation of Fig. 3.
As shown in Figure 7, " 0 " of the present invention number fiber-optical grating temperature sensor heat conductivility is good, the metal 16 that stiffness is large encapsulates, it is made to isolate environmental liquids, the i.e. impact of not liquid body pressure, metal bottom surface 17 is welded in tank body bottom surface, but the temperature of sensor is substantially consistent with fluid temperature under the heat transfer effect of metal, measure the result come like this and be the wavelength shift of sensors with auxiliary electrode under only temperature influence, thus this result can be carried out temperature compensation to other 64 liquid level sensors.
As shown in Figure 8, the present invention utilizes computer programming software by obtained data separate mathematical relation as shown in the figure, three-dimensional coordinate point corresponding to all fibre optic liquid level sensors 2 is connected to form simulation curved surface, be combined with the height value that each sensor records and form new spatial structure, recycling mathematical method calculates the volume of this spatial structure, this numerical value is the more accurate capability value of actual liquid, and unit is cubic meter.
In sum, the fiber-optic grating sensor that the present invention adopts utilizes optical signal transmission, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), can effectively run more than 15 years, realize the long-term on-line measurement of tank(storage)capacity.And method set forth in the present invention is when there is liquid in oil tank, in real time detect current liquid capacity, high degree compensate for the volume error that bottom deformation brings, compared with utilizing the data recorded during slack tank to calculate that current capacities is more accurate.
Above-mentioned concrete principle and embodiment are used for explaining and the present invention are described, instead of limit the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any amendment make the present invention and change, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a fiber grating on-line checkingi tank(storage)capacity, the method uses optical fiber, Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, PC, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor and ullage rule, it is characterized in that: Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor is by being fixed on oil tank bottom surface, by Fiber connection between Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is fixed on the center of circle, oil tank bottom surface;
Every eight of described Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor is equidistantly connected in a light path, by optical signal transmission fiber, has eight light paths, i.e. eight passages, each passage with oil tank center for the center of circle, in round distribution; And the spacing of adjacent two passages is equal; Each working sensor wavelength interval 6nm in same passage, operation wavelength elects 1521nm, 1527nm, 1533nm, 1539nm, 1545nm, 1551nm, 1557nm, 1563nm as respectively;
Each passage is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator by optical fiber, and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is connected with the liquid level sensor of most inner lane passage, and (FBG) demodulator connects host computer;
Bed-plate dimension in conjunction with oil tank determines the XY coordinate of each Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor, and with oil tank zero groove place plane for reference field, zero groove utilizing the ullage rule of grade precision to record is to the liquid level value of liquid level
, the liquid level that each Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor records
, utilize the Bragg wavelength shift amount of wavelength shift to other Fiber Grating Liquid Depth Sensor of the center only fiber-optical grating temperature sensor of temperature influence to compensate, its operation wavelength is 1515nm, calculates simultaneously
value sensor Z axis coordinate figure when there is liquid exactly in oil tank, three-dimensional coordinate point corresponding for sensors all in PC is connected to form simulation curved surface, again in conjunction with the liquid level value obtained measured by them, form a spatial structure, finally utilize mathematical method to calculate the actual capacity of liquid.
2. the method for a kind of fiber grating on-line checkingi tank(storage)capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when actual liquid level is lower than oil tank bottom center highest point, now liquid level is very low, the bottom deformation caused by fluid pressure can be ignored, and the bottom surface pattern recorded during slack tank can be adopted to be calculated liquid capacity now.
3. the method for a kind of fiber grating on-line checkingi tank(storage)capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator adopts the SM125 model of MIO company, light source wave band is 1510nm ~ 1590nm, by expanding the method for passage, uses eight passages simultaneously.
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| CN106706075A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-05-24 | 张银强 | Method of measuring the position of the continuous casting molten steel liquid surface position with fiber optical grating sensor |
| CN107063393A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-08-18 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of level sensor system based on single mode multimode single-mode fiber structure and Bragg grating |
| CN108562324A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-09-21 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of vertical tank bottom amount wireless measuring system and method |
| DE102018205336A1 (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Tank unit for a motor vehicle |
| CN111366267A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-03 | 大连理工大学 | Method and device for monitoring internal temperature field in three-dimensional woven composite material forming process |
| CN114061699A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-18 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Metal liquid level measurement system of continuous ingot casting line of non ferrous metal |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706075A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-05-24 | 张银强 | Method of measuring the position of the continuous casting molten steel liquid surface position with fiber optical grating sensor |
| CN107063393A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-08-18 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of level sensor system based on single mode multimode single-mode fiber structure and Bragg grating |
| CN108562324A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-09-21 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of vertical tank bottom amount wireless measuring system and method |
| DE102018205336A1 (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Tank unit for a motor vehicle |
| CN111366267A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-03 | 大连理工大学 | Method and device for monitoring internal temperature field in three-dimensional woven composite material forming process |
| CN111366267B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2022-01-07 | 大连理工大学 | Method and device for monitoring internal temperature field in three-dimensional woven composite material forming process |
| CN114061699A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-18 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Metal liquid level measurement system of continuous ingot casting line of non ferrous metal |
| CN114061699B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-07-12 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Metal liquid level measurement system of continuous ingot casting line of non ferrous metal |
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