CN116084925A - Chu Haiku shaft temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquisition device and method - Google Patents
Chu Haiku shaft temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquisition device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 240000003473 Grevillea banksii Species 0.000 title description 6
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
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- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/007—Measuring stresses in a pipe string or casing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/24—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations
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Abstract
The invention discloses a helium reservoir shaft temperature field, sound wave field and stress strain field acquisition device and method, wherein the device comprises an optical cable assembly, a laser transmitter and a demodulation assembly; the demodulation component comprises a distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system demodulator, a distributed optical fiber sound wave vibration system demodulator and a fiber grating demodulator. The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the distribution of the shaft temperature field, the sound wave vibration field and the stress strain field can be obtained in real time through the device, and the changes of the underground gas storage shaft temperature field, the sound wave vibration field and the stress strain field can be continuously monitored, so that when the shaft leaks, the leakage position can be rapidly alarmed and positioned; in addition, the leakage source in the shaft, the sonic vibration source generated by the fracture and damage of the surrounding rock mass, the collapse of the cavity at the bottom of the sleeve and the like, and the stress change condition received by the sleeve wall of the shaft can be monitored and analyzed in real time, so that the integrity of the whole salt cavern gas storage shaft and the surrounding safety fault condition of the whole salt cavern gas storage shaft are reflected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground reservoirs, in particular to a helium reservoir shaft temperature field, an acoustic wave field and a stress strain field acquisition device and method.
Background
The method has the advantages that a small amount of helium resources exist in China, the total helium resources are quite poor, only account for about 2% of the world, however, the imported helium quantity in China is increased year by year, 4126 tons is imported in 2018, and the imported helium quantity is increased by 15% compared with 2017. The global helium resource quantity distribution is extremely unbalanced and is mainly distributed in the United states, katals, ala and Russian, and the sum of the four-country resource quantity accounts for 88% of the global total quantity. By 2017, the total amount of residual helium gas reserves has been ascertained to be 7.4X109 m worldwide 3 The world ascertained that the remaining helium reserves exhibited a tendency to decrease gradually. Reliable helium exploration geological reserves data about karta and australia have not been found, and helium content is low, only 0.04%, and commercial utility is generally difficult to achieve. Although some large helium fields were discovered successively, there was a long-term shortage of global helium supply and demand. From data over 20 years, with a substantial increase in the range of helium applications, particularly in the medical, industrial and electronics industries, the global helium demand increases at a rate of 4% to 6% per year resulting in current helium supply shortages for long periods. Therefore, the helium gas storage capacity of China is improved rapidly by utilizing the salt cavern of China to store helium gas, the helium gas supply safety is ensured, and the salt cavern helium storage library is developedThe research of the related theoretical technology has important national strategic significance and theoretical scientific value for strengthening the national helium resource strategic reserve.
Salt caverns are excellent storage carriers for storing national strategic resources such as natural gas, helium and the like. The salt cavern gas storage is a geological structure and supporting facilities for storing natural gas, and has the main functions of regulating peak by gas, safely supplying gas, strategically storing gas, improving pipeline utilization coefficient, saving investment, reducing gas transmission cost and the like. The urban gas market demand fluctuates greatly along with seasons and day and night, and the flow is regulated in a small range only by means of balanced gas transmission of a gas transmission pipe network system, so that the contradiction of large fluctuation of gas consumption is difficult to solve. The underground gas storage is used for storing the surplus gas in the gas transmission system when the gas consumption is low, and the surplus gas is extracted when the gas consumption is high so as to supplement the insufficient gas supply of the pipeline, thereby solving the problem of peak regulation of the gas consumption. When the air source is interrupted and the air transmission system is stopped, the underground air storage can be used as the air source to ensure continuous air supply, thereby playing the dual roles of peak regulation and safe air supply.
High pressure injection and production activities may result in leakage of underground gas storage wellbores (e.g., chinese patent application No. CN 201811010321.4). Because the high-pressure gas leakage can cause the change of a shaft temperature difference field and a stress strain field, the shaft pipe column is further influenced by alternating temperature difference and pressure change stress for a long time, the conditions of shaft pipe column abrasion, breakage and leakage are easy to occur, the phenomena of gas storage shaft wellhead belt pressure, shaft pipe column natural gas leakage aggregation and the like are caused, when the phenomena are serious, well shutting and well repairing are needed, and even the scrapping of the whole underground gas storage cavity is caused, so that huge property loss and resource waste are caused.
Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor the temperature field, acoustic wave field (i.e., acoustic vibration field) and stress strain field of the underground gas storage well bore so that when well bore leakage occurs, the leakage location can be rapidly alerted and located.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a helium reservoir well bore temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquisition apparatus and method for continuously monitoring the temperature field, acoustic wave vibration field and stress strain field of an underground gas reservoir well bore so that when a well bore leak occurs, the well bore leak can be rapidly alerted and the leak location can be located.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a helium reservoir shaft temperature field, an acoustic wave field and a stress strain field acquisition device, wherein the shaft comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the inner sleeve is coaxially arranged in the outer sleeve, a closed annulus is formed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, and the Chu Haiku shaft temperature field, the acoustic wave field and the stress strain field acquisition device comprises an optical cable assembly, a laser transmitter and a demodulation assembly;
the optical cable assembly comprises a plurality of optical fiber cables and a plurality of grating optical cables, wherein each optical fiber cable and each grating optical cable are arranged in the annular space along the length direction of the inner sleeve, and each optical fiber cable comprises a single-mode optical fiber and a multimode optical fiber;
the laser transmitter is used for transmitting laser pulses into each single mode fiber, each multimode fiber and each grating optical cable;
the demodulation assembly comprises a distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system demodulator, a distributed optical fiber sound wave vibration system demodulator and an optical fiber grating demodulator, wherein the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system demodulator is connected with the multimode optical fiber, the distributed optical fiber sound wave vibration system demodulator is connected with the single-mode optical fiber, and the optical fiber grating demodulator is connected with the grating optical cable.
In some embodiments, each of the optical fiber cables and each of the grating cables are secured to an outer sidewall of the inner sleeve.
In some embodiments, the Chu Haiku wellbore temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquiring device further comprises a plurality of ground optical fiber cables and a gas storage field surrounding optical fiber cables, wherein each ground optical fiber cable is uniformly distributed above the ground of the gas storage field, and the gas storage field surrounding optical fiber cable is arranged above the ground of the gas storage field and along the boundary of the gas storage field.
The invention also provides a helium storage well bore temperature field, an acoustic wave field and a stress strain field acquisition method, which are applicable to the helium storage well bore temperature field, the acoustic wave field and the stress strain field acquisition device, and comprise a well bore temperature field acquisition method, a well bore acoustic wave vibration field acquisition method and a well bore stress strain field acquisition method;
the method for acquiring the shaft temperature field comprises the following steps:
s11, sending laser pulses into each multimode optical fiber through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each multimode optical fiber through a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring system demodulator to obtain temperature values along each multimode optical fiber;
s12, acquiring the distribution of a shaft temperature field according to the temperature value of each multimode fiber along the line;
the method for acquiring the acoustic vibration field of the shaft comprises the following steps:
s21, sending laser pulses into each single-mode fiber through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each single-mode fiber through a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration system demodulator to obtain acoustic vibration changes of each single-mode fiber along the line;
s22, acquiring the distribution of acoustic vibration fields of the shaft according to the acoustic vibration changes of the single-mode fibers along the line;
the method for acquiring the stress strain field of the shaft comprises the following steps:
s31, laser pulses are sent into the grating optical cables through a laser transmitter, and optical signals in the grating optical cables are demodulated through a fiber grating demodulator to obtain stress strain changes along the grating optical cables;
s32, acquiring the stress-strain field distribution of the shaft according to the stress-strain change of each grating optical cable along the line.
In some embodiments, in step S12, a wellbore temperature field distribution is obtained according to a temperature value along each multimode optical fiber, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
s121, assigning the temperature of the surface of the inner sleeve between two adjacent multimode fibers by an interpolation method to obtain a plane temperature field model;
s122, converting the plane temperature field model into a well bore full three-dimensional temperature field model through three-dimensional coordinate conversion and Kriging interpolation.
In some embodiments, in step S22, according to the acoustic vibration variation along the single mode fiber, the acoustic vibration field distribution of the wellbore is obtained, which specifically includes the following steps:
s221, converting the sound wave vibration change of each single-mode fiber along the line into sound wave vibration amplitude of each single-mode fiber along the line through Fourier transformation;
s222, assigning the sound wave vibration amplitude of the inner sleeve surface between two adjacent single-mode fibers by an interpolation method to obtain a plane sound wave vibration intensity field model;
s223, converting the plane acoustic wave vibration intensity field model into a well bore full three-dimensional acoustic wave vibration field model through three-dimensional coordinate conversion and kriging interpolation.
In some embodiments, the interpolation is a hyperbolic interpolation.
In some embodiments, in step S32, according to the stress-strain variation along the line of each of the grating optical cables, a wellbore stress-strain field distribution is obtained, which specifically includes the following steps:
s321, calculating stress strain values of the surfaces of the inner sleeves between two adjacent single-mode fibers through stress field numerical simulation software to obtain a plane stress strain field change model;
s323, converting the plane stress strain field change model into a well bore full three-dimensional stress strain field model through three-dimensional coordinate conversion and Kriging interpolation.
In some embodiments, the stress field numerical simulation software is frstmfraction software.
The invention also provides a helium storage well bore temperature field, an acoustic wave field and a stress strain field acquisition method, which are suitable for the helium storage well bore temperature field, the acoustic wave field and the stress strain field acquisition device, and comprise the following steps:
sending laser pulses into the single-mode optical fibers, the ground optical fiber cables and the air storage field area surrounding optical fiber cables through a laser transmitter, demodulating optical signals in the single-mode optical fibers, the ground optical fiber cables and the air storage field area surrounding optical fiber cables through a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration system demodulator to obtain acoustic vibration changes of the single-mode optical fibers along the lines, the ground along the lines and the air storage field area boundaries, and uniformly converting the acoustic vibration changes into a three-dimensional coordinate system; and then, respectively adopting Geiger positioning, P-S wave travel time difference and wave equation reverse time imaging methods to position the vibration source, and simultaneously adopting Fast Marving+P/S travel time difference method and wave equation positioning method to accurately position the peripheral sound wave vibration source of the shaft leakage so as to obtain the vibration source position in the stratum with complex geological structure, and finally realizing the joint analysis of the shaft sound wave vibration field and the three-dimensional positioning analysis of the peripheral sound wave vibration source.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: sending laser pulses into each multimode optical fiber through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each multimode optical fiber through a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring system to obtain temperature values along each multimode optical fiber; acquiring the distribution of a shaft temperature field according to the temperature values of the multimode fibers along the line; sending laser pulses into each single-mode fiber through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each single-mode fiber through a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration system to obtain acoustic vibration changes of each single-mode fiber along the line; acquiring the distribution of acoustic vibration fields of the shaft according to the acoustic vibration changes of the single-mode fibers along the line; sending laser pulses into each grating optical cable through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each grating optical cable through a fiber grating demodulator to obtain stress-strain changes along the line of each grating optical cable; and acquiring the stress-strain field distribution of the shaft according to the stress-strain change of each grating optical cable along the line. Therefore, the distribution of the shaft temperature field, the sound wave vibration field and the stress strain field can be obtained in real time through the device, the changes of the underground gas storage shaft temperature field, the sound wave vibration field and the stress strain field can be continuously monitored, and when the shaft leaks, the leakage position can be rapidly alarmed and positioned; in addition, the leakage source in the shaft, the sonic vibration source generated by the fracture and damage of the surrounding rock mass, the collapse of the cavity at the bottom of the sleeve and the like, and the stress change condition received by the sleeve wall of the shaft can be monitored and analyzed in real time, so that the integrity of the whole salt cavern gas storage shaft and the surrounding safety fault condition of the whole salt cavern gas storage shaft are reflected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of one embodiment of a helium reservoir wellbore temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquisition device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of FIG. 1 with the outer sleeve omitted;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of area A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a downhole location in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an underground wellbore optical fiber arrangement in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for acquiring a wellbore temperature field provided by the invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of temperature differential field distribution near a wellbore in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of temperature distribution near a surface wellsite and wellbore junction in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of an acoustic vibration field acquisition method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of acoustic vibration amplitude for a plurality of leak points in a wellbore at a time in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph of the results of a wellbore along a sonic vibration field over time in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a graph of acoustic vibration field testing near a leak in a wellbore in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a method for acquiring stress strain fields provided by the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a graph of stress-strain field testing near a leak in a wellbore in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of acoustic wave field joint analysis and acoustic wave source location analysis of surface and subsurface optical fiber sensing data in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-well bore, 11-inner sleeve, 12-outer sleeve, 2-optical cable assembly, 21-optical fiber cable, 211-single mode optical fiber, 212-multimode optical fiber, 22-grating optical cable.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention provides a helium reservoir shaft temperature field, an acoustic wave field and a stress strain field acquiring device, wherein the shaft 1 comprises an inner sleeve 11 and an outer sleeve 12, the inner sleeve 11 is coaxially arranged in the outer sleeve 12, a closed annulus is formed between the inner sleeve 11 and the outer sleeve 12, and the Chu Haiku shaft temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquiring device comprises an optical cable assembly 2, a laser transmitter and a demodulation assembly.
The optical cable assembly 2 includes a plurality of optical fiber cables 21 and a plurality of grating optical cables 22, each optical fiber cable 21 and each grating optical cable 22 are disposed in the annular space along the length direction of the inner sleeve 11, and each optical fiber cable 21 includes a single-mode optical fiber 211 and a multimode optical fiber 212. The downhole location and layout of the cable assembly 2 can be seen in fig. 5 and 6.
The laser emitters are configured to emit laser pulses into each of the single mode optical fibers 211, each of the multimode optical fibers 212, and each of the grating cables 22.
The demodulation assembly comprises a distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system demodulator, a distributed optical fiber sound wave vibration system demodulator and an optical fiber grating demodulator, wherein the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system demodulator is connected with the multimode optical fiber 212, the distributed optical fiber sound wave vibration system demodulator is connected with the single-mode optical fiber 211, and the optical fiber grating demodulator is connected with the grating optical cable 22.
The method for acquiring the temperature field, the acoustic vibration field and the stress-strain field distribution of the shaft by the device comprises the following steps: sending laser pulses into each multimode optical fiber 212 through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each multimode optical fiber 212 through a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring system to obtain temperature values along each multimode optical fiber 212; acquiring the distribution of a shaft temperature field according to the temperature values of the multimode fibers along the line; sending laser pulses into each single-mode fiber 211 through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each single-mode fiber 211 through a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration system to obtain acoustic vibration changes along the single-mode fibers 211; acquiring the distribution of acoustic vibration fields of the shaft according to the acoustic vibration changes of the single-mode fibers along the line; the laser transmitter transmits laser pulses into each grating optical cable 22, and the fiber bragg grating demodulator demodulates the optical signals in each grating optical cable 22 to obtain stress strain changes along the line of each grating optical cable; and acquiring the stress-strain field distribution of the shaft according to the stress-strain change of each grating optical cable along the line. Therefore, the distribution of the shaft temperature field, the sound wave vibration field and the stress strain field can be obtained in real time through the device, the changes of the underground gas storage shaft temperature field, the sound wave vibration field and the stress strain field can be continuously monitored, and when the shaft leaks, the leakage position can be rapidly alarmed and positioned; in addition, the leakage source in the shaft, the sonic vibration source generated by the fracture and damage of the surrounding rock mass, the collapse of the cavity at the bottom of the sleeve and the like, and the stress change condition received by the sleeve wall of the shaft can be monitored and analyzed in real time, so that the integrity of the whole salt cavern gas storage shaft and the surrounding safety fault condition of the whole salt cavern gas storage shaft are reflected.
In order to improve the accuracy of the result, referring to fig. 1-4, in a preferred embodiment, the number of the optical fiber cables 21 and the grating cables 22 is four.
In order to prevent the optical fiber cable 21 and the grating cable 22 from shaking to affect the detection, referring to fig. 1-4, in a preferred embodiment, each of the optical fiber cable 21 and each of the grating cables 22 are fixed on the outer side wall of the inner sleeve 11.
In order to be convenient for fix a position the focus of sound wave vibration field, chu Haiku pit shaft temperature field, sound wave field and stress strain field acquisition device still include a plurality of ground optical fiber cable and gas storage place around the optical fiber cable, each ground optical fiber cable equipartition is arranged in the ground top in gas storage place, the gas storage place around the optical fiber cable arrange in the ground top in gas storage place, and along the boundary arrangement in gas storage place.
The invention also provides a helium storage well bore temperature field, an acoustic wave field and a stress strain field acquisition method, which are applicable to the helium storage well bore temperature field, the acoustic wave field and the stress strain field acquisition device, and comprise a well bore temperature field acquisition method, a well bore acoustic wave vibration field acquisition method and a well bore stress strain field acquisition method;
referring to fig. 7, the method for acquiring the shaft temperature field includes the following steps:
s11, sending laser pulses into each multimode optical fiber through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each multimode optical fiber through a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring system demodulator to obtain temperature values along each multimode optical fiber;
s12, acquiring the distribution of a shaft temperature field according to the temperature value of each multimode fiber along the line;
in step S12, a wellbore temperature field distribution is obtained according to the temperature values along the multimode optical fibers, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
s121, assigning a value to the temperature of the surface of the inner sleeve between two adjacent multimode fibers by an interpolation method to obtain a plane temperature field model, wherein the interpolation method is a hyperbolic interpolation method;
s122, converting the plane temperature field model into a well bore full three-dimensional temperature field model through three-dimensional coordinate conversion and Kriging interpolation.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 8 and 9, the temperature difference field distribution near the well bore and the temperature distribution near the surface well site and the well bore opening can be obtained by the above method.
Referring to fig. 10, the method for acquiring the acoustic vibration field of the shaft includes the following steps:
s21, sending laser pulses into each single-mode fiber through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each single-mode fiber through a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration system demodulator to obtain acoustic vibration changes of each single-mode fiber along the line;
s22, acquiring the distribution of acoustic vibration fields of the shaft according to the acoustic vibration changes of the single-mode fibers along the line;
in step S22, according to the acoustic vibration variation along the single mode fiber, the acoustic vibration field distribution of the wellbore is obtained, and specifically includes the following steps:
s221, converting the sound wave vibration change of each single-mode fiber along the line into sound wave vibration amplitude of each single-mode fiber along the line through Fourier transformation;
s222, assigning the sound wave vibration amplitude of the inner sleeve surface between two adjacent single-mode fibers by an interpolation method to obtain a plane sound wave vibration intensity field model, wherein the interpolation method is a hyperbolic interpolation method; hyperbolic interpolation (hyperbolic interpolation method), also known as linear fractional interpolation, refers to an iterative method that uses hyperbolic approximation curves to root equations.
S223, converting the plane acoustic wave vibration intensity field model into a well bore full three-dimensional acoustic wave vibration field model through three-dimensional coordinate conversion and kriging interpolation. In the fields of geodetic, engineering, photogrammetry, etc., conversion between coordinate systems is indispensable. The essence of the spatial coordinate transformation is to estimate the other 1 set of coordinates of the non-common point with 2 sets of coordinates of the common point and 1 set of coordinates of the non-common point. The coordinate transformation process is usually divided into 2 steps, wherein the transformation parameters are calculated from the coordinates of the common points, and then the non-common points are transformed from the transformation parameters. Conversion parameters are generally classified into rotation, translation, and scale parameters, wherein the determination of rotation parameters is the core of coordinate conversion. The traditional three-dimensional coordinate conversion model uses 3 rotation angles as rotation parameters, the established model is nonlinear, the model is often required to be linearized by a Taylor series expansion method, and the calculation is relatively complicated. Under the condition of small-angle rotation, the rotation matrix can be approximated to obtain a linear model, such as a common Boolean sha model. Aiming at the problem of large rotation angle coordinate conversion, the method for converting the coordinate of the rotation matrix is mostly represented by a Rodrign matrix, only 3 rotation parameters are needed, linearization is not needed in the calculation process, and the method can be suitable for large rotation angle conversion. The Kriging method (Kriging) is a regression algorithm that spatially models and predicts (interpolates) random processes/fields based on covariance functions. The kriging method can give an optimal linear unbiased estimate (Best Linear Unbiased Prediction, blu) in a specific random process, e.g. an inherently stationary process, and is therefore also referred to as a spatially optimal unbiased estimator in geostatistics.
In this embodiment, a graph of the amplitude of acoustic vibrations at a plurality of leak points in the wellbore at a certain time may be seen in fig. 11, and the results of the acoustic vibration field along the wellbore over time may be seen in fig. 12. A graph of acoustic vibration field testing effects near a leak in a wellbore can be seen in fig. 13.
Referring to fig. 14, the method for acquiring the stress strain field of the well bore includes the following steps:
s31, laser pulses are sent into the grating optical cables through a laser transmitter, and optical signals in the grating optical cables are demodulated through a fiber grating demodulator to obtain stress strain changes along the grating optical cables;
s32, acquiring the stress-strain field distribution of the shaft according to the stress-strain change of each grating optical cable along the line.
In step S32, according to the stress-strain change along the line of each grating optical cable, the wellbore stress-strain field distribution is obtained, which specifically includes the following steps:
s321, calculating stress strain values of the surfaces of inner sleeves between two adjacent single-mode fibers through stress field numerical simulation software to obtain a plane stress strain field change model, wherein the stress field numerical simulation software is FRSTMfraction software;
s323, converting the plane stress strain field change model into a well bore full three-dimensional stress strain field model through three-dimensional coordinate conversion and Kriging interpolation.
In this embodiment, the test effect diagram of the stress-strain field near the leakage point in the wellbore can be seen from fig. 15, and it can be seen from fig. 15 that the stress-strain field near the leakage point changes, so that after the stress-strain field distribution of the wellbore is obtained, the test effect diagram can be used for assisting in determining the position of the leakage point in the wellbore.
The distribution of the shaft temperature field, the sound wave vibration field and the stress strain field can be obtained in real time through the device, and the changes of the underground gas storage shaft temperature field, the sound wave vibration field and the stress strain field can be continuously monitored, so that when the shaft leaks, the leakage position can be rapidly alarmed and positioned; in addition, the leakage source in the shaft, the sonic vibration source generated by the fracture and damage of the surrounding rock mass, the collapse of the cavity at the bottom of the sleeve and the like, and the stress change condition received by the sleeve wall of the shaft can be monitored and analyzed in real time, so that the integrity of the whole salt cavern gas storage shaft and the surrounding safety fault condition of the whole salt cavern gas storage shaft are reflected.
Referring to fig. 16, the invention further provides a helium storage well bore temperature field, an acoustic wave field and a stress strain field acquisition method, which are applicable to the helium storage well bore temperature field, the acoustic wave field and the stress strain field acquisition device, and comprise the following steps:
sending laser pulses into the single-mode optical fibers, the ground optical fiber cables and the air storage field area surrounding optical fiber cables through a laser transmitter, demodulating optical signals in the single-mode optical fibers, the ground optical fiber cables and the air storage field area surrounding optical fiber cables through a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration system demodulator to obtain acoustic vibration changes of the single-mode optical fibers along the lines, the ground along the lines and the air storage field area boundaries, and uniformly converting the acoustic vibration changes into a three-dimensional coordinate system; and then, respectively adopting Geiger positioning, P-S wave travel time difference and wave equation reverse time imaging methods to position the vibration source, and simultaneously adopting Fast Marving+P/S travel time difference method and wave equation positioning method to accurately position the peripheral sound wave vibration source of the shaft leakage so as to obtain the vibration source position in the stratum with complex geological structure, and finally realizing the joint analysis of the shaft sound wave vibration field and the three-dimensional positioning analysis of the peripheral sound wave vibration source.
In the embodiment, firstly, the arrangement structure of the underground optical fiber cable X of the shaft is combined, and the ground optical fiber cable A, B, C in the gas storage field area is reasonably arranged, namely, the ground optical fiber cable comprises an annular optical fiber cable C which is arranged in a nearly circular shape in the periphery of the field area, and two ground optical fiber cables A and B which are arranged in a nearly parallel manner and are separated by a certain distance (the recommended spacing is more than 100 meters); then, simultaneously acquiring the optical fiber cable X in the underground shaft, starting the acquisition of the acoustic vibration data and the coordinate positions of the ground optical fiber cable, and uniformly converting the acoustic vibration data and the coordinate positions of the ground optical fiber cable and the underground optical fiber cable into a three-dimensional coordinate system (namely, a geodetic coordinate system); and finally, respectively adopting Geiger positioning (P wave), P-S wave travel time difference and wave equation reverse time imaging (TRI) methods to position the vibration source, and simultaneously adopting Fast Maring+P/S travel time difference methods and wave equation positioning methods to accurately position the peripheral sound wave vibration source of the shaft leakage, thereby acquiring the vibration source position in the stratum with a complex geological structure, and finally realizing the joint analysis of the shaft sound wave vibration field and the three-dimensional positioning analysis of the peripheral sound wave vibration source. Under the mutual interpretation of the acoustic vibration data of the ground multi-optical-fiber cross perception and the acoustic vibration data of the underground shaft optical-fiber monitoring, the three-dimensional positioning analysis of the acoustic vibration source can be better realized.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The device for acquiring the temperature field, the sound wave field and the stress strain field of the helium storage well bore comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, wherein the inner sleeve is coaxially arranged in the outer sleeve, and a closed annulus is formed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve;
the optical cable assembly comprises a plurality of optical fiber cables and a plurality of grating optical cables, wherein each optical fiber cable and each grating optical cable are arranged in the annular space along the length direction of the inner sleeve, and each optical fiber cable comprises a single-mode optical fiber and a multimode optical fiber;
the laser transmitter is used for transmitting laser pulses into each single mode fiber, each multimode fiber and each grating optical cable;
the demodulation assembly comprises a distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system demodulator, a distributed optical fiber sound wave vibration system demodulator and an optical fiber grating demodulator, wherein the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system demodulator is connected with the multimode optical fiber, the distributed optical fiber sound wave vibration system demodulator is connected with the single-mode optical fiber, and the optical fiber grating demodulator is connected with the grating optical cable.
2. The helium reservoir wellbore temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquisition device of claim 1, wherein each of the fiber optic cable and each of the grating optic cables are secured to an outer sidewall of the inner sleeve.
3. The helium reservoir wellbore temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquisition device of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of ground optical fiber cables and a reservoir field surrounding optical fiber cables, each of the ground optical fiber cables being disposed uniformly above the ground of the reservoir field, the reservoir field surrounding optical fiber cables being disposed above the ground of the reservoir field and along the boundary of the reservoir field.
4. A helium reservoir shaft temperature field, an acoustic wave field and a stress strain field acquisition method, which are applicable to the helium reservoir shaft temperature field, the acoustic wave field and the stress strain field acquisition device according to any one of claims 1-3, and are characterized by comprising a shaft temperature field acquisition method, a shaft acoustic wave vibration field acquisition method and a shaft stress strain field acquisition method;
the method for acquiring the shaft temperature field comprises the following steps:
s11, sending laser pulses into each multimode optical fiber through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each multimode optical fiber through a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring system demodulator to obtain temperature values along each multimode optical fiber;
s12, acquiring the distribution of a shaft temperature field according to the temperature value of each multimode fiber along the line;
the method for acquiring the acoustic vibration field of the shaft comprises the following steps:
s21, sending laser pulses into each single-mode fiber through a laser transmitter, and demodulating optical signals in each single-mode fiber through a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration system demodulator to obtain acoustic vibration changes of each single-mode fiber along the line;
s22, acquiring the distribution of acoustic vibration fields of the shaft according to the acoustic vibration changes of the single-mode fibers along the line;
the method for acquiring the stress strain field of the shaft comprises the following steps:
s31, laser pulses are sent into the grating optical cables through a laser transmitter, and optical signals in the grating optical cables are demodulated through a fiber grating demodulator to obtain stress strain changes along the grating optical cables;
s32, acquiring the stress-strain field distribution of the shaft according to the stress-strain change of each grating optical cable along the line.
5. The method for obtaining the temperature field, the acoustic wave field and the stress-strain field of the helium reservoir well bore according to claim 4, wherein in the step S12, the well bore temperature field distribution is obtained according to the temperature values of the multimode optical fibers along the line, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s121, assigning the temperature of the surface of the inner sleeve between two adjacent multimode fibers by an interpolation method to obtain a plane temperature field model;
s122, converting the plane temperature field model into a well bore full three-dimensional temperature field model through three-dimensional coordinate conversion and Kriging interpolation.
6. The helium reservoir wellbore temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress-strain field acquisition method of claim 5, wherein the interpolation is a hyperbolic interpolation.
7. The method for obtaining the temperature field, the acoustic wave field and the stress-strain field of the well bore of the helium reservoir according to claim 4, wherein in the step S22, the acoustic wave vibration field distribution of the well bore is obtained according to the acoustic wave vibration variation of each single mode fiber along the line, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s221, converting the sound wave vibration change of each single-mode fiber along the line into sound wave vibration amplitude of each single-mode fiber along the line through Fourier transformation;
s222, assigning the sound wave vibration amplitude of the inner sleeve surface between two adjacent single-mode fibers by an interpolation method to obtain a plane sound wave vibration intensity field model;
s223, converting the plane acoustic wave vibration intensity field model into a well bore full three-dimensional acoustic wave vibration field model through three-dimensional coordinate conversion and kriging interpolation.
8. The method for obtaining the temperature field, the acoustic wave field and the stress-strain field of the well bore of the helium reservoir according to claim 4, wherein in the step S32, the well bore stress-strain field distribution is obtained according to the stress-strain change of each grating optical cable along the line, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s321, calculating stress strain values of the surfaces of the inner sleeves between two adjacent single-mode fibers through stress field numerical simulation software to obtain a plane stress strain field change model;
s323, converting the plane stress strain field change model into a well bore full three-dimensional stress strain field model through three-dimensional coordinate conversion and Kriging interpolation.
9. The helium reservoir wellbore temperature field, acoustic wave field, and stress-strain field acquisition method of claim 8, wherein the stress field numerical simulation software is frstmfration software.
10. A helium reservoir well bore temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquisition method suitable for use in a helium reservoir well bore temperature field, acoustic wave field and stress strain field acquisition apparatus as recited in claim 3, comprising the steps of:
sending laser pulses into the single-mode optical fibers, the ground optical fiber cables and the air storage field area surrounding optical fiber cables through a laser transmitter, demodulating optical signals in the single-mode optical fibers, the ground optical fiber cables and the air storage field area surrounding optical fiber cables through a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration system demodulator to obtain acoustic vibration changes of the single-mode optical fibers along the lines, the ground along the lines and the air storage field area boundaries, and uniformly converting the acoustic vibration changes into a three-dimensional coordinate system; and then, respectively adopting Geiger positioning, P-S wave travel time difference and wave equation reverse time imaging methods to position the vibration source, and simultaneously adopting Fast Marving+P/S travel time difference method and wave equation positioning method to accurately position the peripheral sound wave vibration source of the shaft leakage so as to obtain the vibration source position in the stratum with complex geological structure, and finally realizing the joint analysis of the shaft sound wave vibration field and the three-dimensional positioning analysis of the peripheral sound wave vibration source.
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| CN117782435A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Underground gas storage gas leakage monitoring device |
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| CN117782435A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Underground gas storage gas leakage monitoring device |
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