CN104630562A - Application of high-damping shape memory alloy - Google Patents
Application of high-damping shape memory alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN104630562A CN104630562A CN201510023890.2A CN201510023890A CN104630562A CN 104630562 A CN104630562 A CN 104630562A CN 201510023890 A CN201510023890 A CN 201510023890A CN 104630562 A CN104630562 A CN 104630562A
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- shape memory
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of a high-damping shape memory alloy of which the chemical formula is Ni[55-x]FexMn20Ga25. The preparation method comprises the following steps: putting Ni, Fe, Mn and Ga simple substances into an arc smelting furnace according to the stoichiometric proportion of Ni[55-x]FexMn20Ga25, vacuumizing, charging argon, smelting the final cast ingot, carrying out high-temperature solution treatment, and quenching to room temperature to obtain the shape memory alloy. The damping test on the Ni[55-x]FexMn20Ga25 shape memory alloy system indicates that the alloy sample has high damping platform (Q-1>=0.05). When x=0, the high-damping alloy with the wide temperature range of 150-340K is obtained; and when 0<x<=2, since the doped Fe results in the appearance of martensitic phase transformation, the doped alloy has great magnetic-control damping effect within the wide temperature range of 215-275K, i.e. the damping value increases as the magnetic field increases.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to damp alloy material field, be specifically related to a kind of application of high damping shape memory alloy.
[background technology]
Damping or in-fighting (Damping) refer to spillage of material vibrational energy or acoustic energy and are converted into the physical properties of other form energies such as heat energy, and it is called as the three zones characteristic of material together with superplasticity, shape memory characteristic.Along with the fast development of science and technology, more and more higher to the requirement of the miniaturization of device, intellectuality and measure of precision, need types of functionality material badly, particularly have the damping function material of noise reduction capability concurrently.Therefore, development of new damping function material is the challenge that contemporary investigation of materials person faces.
Damping alloy is one of branch important in numerous damping material.Power according to damping capacity can be divided into two classes: a class is the metals such as aluminium alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy and steel, the low (Q of its damping capacity
-1≤ 10
-2); Another kind of is the metallic substance that Mg, Fe, Ni, Zn-Al, Mg-Zr, Mn-Cu etc. are special, their the higher (Q of damping capacity
-1>=10
-2).The damping machine of this kind of high damping alloy is shaped with four kinds: (1) phase boundary or crystal boundary viscosity (Fe-C-Si, Al-Zn etc.); (2) irreversible upstream displacement (Fe-Cr, Fe-Cr-Al, Co-Ni and Fe, Ni etc.) of neticdomain wall; (3) dislocation motion and dislocation and point defect interaction (Mg, Mg-Zr etc.); (4) martensitic twin circle movability (Mn-Cu, Mn-Cu-Al, Cu-Al-Ni, Cu-Zn-Al and Ni-Ti etc.).Advantages such as the high stability that the twin type damping effect wherein caused due to martensitic twin circle movability has, wide temperature range, preparation method are simple and being furtherd investigate.
The damping of twin type is present in the shape memory alloy that thermoelastic martensitic transformation occurs, generally speaking the movability of martensitic twin circle can make the Internal friction of Internal friction higher than parent phase of geneva figure, but how could to obtain high damping and how regulate and control damping capacity be the key content studied in shape memory alloy always.Because the interaction of H and twin boundary can make relaxation damping value between 0.04-0.2 in Ti-Ni base marmem, its temperature range is 200-260K.[reference: (1) Genlian Fan, Yumei Zhou, Kazuhiro Otsuka, and Xiaobing Ren.Ultrahigh damping in R-phase state of Ti – Ni – Fe alloy [J] .APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 89,161902 (2006). (2) G.Fan, Y.Zhou, K.Otsuka, et al.Effects of frequency, composition, hydrogen and twin boundary density on the internal friction of Ti
50ni
50-xcu
xshape memory alloys [J] .Acta Materialia 54 (2006) 5221 – 5229.] Mn-30Cu shape memory alloy has higher damping characteristic (Q at below 300K
-1> 0.04).[reference: F.X.Yin, T.Sakaguchi, Q.C.Tian, A.Sakurai, K.Nagai, Mater.Trans.46 (2005) 2164.] studies have reported that Ti – 45Pd – 5Cr alloy has high damping platform (Q in the humidity province of 250K-450K
-1≈ 0.05) occur; After Ti – 45Pd – 5Cr alloy mixes H, damping peak value Q
-1rise to 0.09, temperature range is 305K-370K.[reference: Y.Zhou, G.Fan, D.Xue, et al.High damping capacity in a wide ambient-temperature range in hydrogen-doped and hydrogen-free Ti – 45Pd – 5Cr martensitic alloy [J] .Scripta Materialia 61 (2009) 805 – 808.] although above conventional shape-memory alloy possesses good damping capacity, but their damping capacity is intelligent not, alloying constituent is once determine that damping value is also corresponding and be fixed up, do not meet the intelligentized development trend of damping material.In recent years, the damping behavior of ferromagnetic type shape memory alloy receives extensive concern, particularly Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy.Ni
52.3mn
27.4ga
20.3single crystal samples has very high twin type damping peak (Q near 370K
-1>0.1).[reference: I.Aaltio, M.Lahelin, O.Soderberg et al.Temperature dependence of the damping properties of Ni – Mn – Ga alloys [J] .Materials Science and Engineering A, 481 – 482 (2008) 314 – 317.] the more important thing is, when research finds to apply 0.4T magnetic field, Ni
52mn
24ga
24single crystal samples in temperature lower than the damping peak (Q that there will be Magnetic Field-Induced during 273K
-1≈ 0.2).[reference: W.H.Wang, G.D.Liu and G.H.Wu.Magnetically controlled high damping in ferromagnetic Ni
52mn
24ga
24single crystal [J] .Appl.Phys.Lett.89,101911 (2006) .] although magnetic Ni-Mn-Ga monocrystalline has good damping capacity, and magnet controlled damping effect can have been there is, but single crystal preparation complex process, practical application is restricted.Therefore, exploitation can magnetic control, wide temperature range, cost are low and preparation method simple, be applicable to the magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy of scale operation seems particularly urgent.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application of high damping shape memory alloy, obtained shape memory alloy possesses high damping properties in wide temperature range, and namely have magnet controlled damping effect to its damping value can be improved significantly behind its applying magnetic field, and preparation method preparation technology of the present invention is simple, and cost of material is low.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
High damping shape memory alloy is for the preparation of an application for damping device, and the chemical formula of described high damping shape memory alloy is Ni
55-xfe
xmn
20ga
25, wherein, 0≤x≤2.
Preferably, 0 < x≤2.
Preferably, 0.5 < x≤2.
Preferably, 0 < x≤2, described damping device is magnet controlled damping device.
The preparation method of high damping shape memory alloy of the present invention, comprises the following steps: according to Ni
55-xfe
xmn
20ga
25the stoichiometric ratio of (0≤x≤2), Ni, Fe, Mn and Ga simple substance is put into arc-melting furnace, be filled with argon gas after vacuumizing and carry out melting, under electric current is 90-150A condition, melting obtains ingot casting, to higher temperature solid solution be carried out after ingot casting melt back and be quenched to room temperature again, obtaining magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy.
The purity of described Ni, Fe, Mn and Ga simple substance is all greater than 99.9%; Described vacuumizing is less than 4.5 × 10 for being evacuated to vacuum tightness
-3pa; The purity of described argon gas is 99.99%;
The time of described melting is 30s-90s.
The number of times of described melt back is three to six times.
The temperature of described higher temperature solid solution is 800-900 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the advantage that has of the present invention: the present invention selects Ni
55mn
20ga
25make matrix and replace Ni with Fe, obtained Ni
55-xfe
xmn
20ga
25polycrystalline alloy, its cost of material is low, and preparation technology is simple, can realize scale operation.To prepared Ni
55-xfe
xmn
20ga
25sample carries out damping test and shows, sample all has the damping platform (Q of wide temperature range
-1>=0.05), temperature stability is high.And, Ni
55-xfe
xmn
20ga
25(0<x≤2) alloy sample possesses magnet controlled damping characteristic due to the martensitic introducing in centre, contrasts can obtain as x=2 under 1Hz frequency, when foreign field is 475Oe, and Internal friction increase about 20%; When externally-applied magnetic field reaches 900Oe, Internal friction can increase about 36%.Obtain the polycrystalline alloy possessing large magnet controlled damping effect in the present invention, there is extremely strong practical application.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is Ni
55mn
20ga
25the in-fighting curve of alloy;
Fig. 2 is Ni
53fe
2mn
20ga
25the in-fighting curve of alloy;
Fig. 3 is Ni
53fe
2mn
20ga
25the in-fighting curve of alloy under different magnetic field.
[embodiment]
High damping shape memory alloy in the present invention, selects Ni
55mn
20ga
25make matrix and replace Ni with Fe, be i.e. Ni
55-xfe
xmn
20ga
25it is alloy.The innovative design thinking of this peculiar alloy system is as follows: first, Ni
55mn
20ga
25temperature and the martensitic transformation point of the twin type Internal Friction Peak of alloy are close, and now the low lattice of martensite modulus is soft, causes martensitic twin circle to be easily moved under external force, obtains the substrate composition with larger damping effect.Secondly, the object of alloy doped F e is to introduce middle martensitic transformation, thus produces good magnet controlled damping effect.The major cause that magnet controlled damping produces is: twin type damping peak is between middle martensitic transformation damping peak and martensitic transformation damping peak, structural unstable middle martensite is reorientation under magnetic field easily, the mobility of twin boundary strengthens, and then causes its twin type damping peak to strengthen under magnetic field.Finally, at Ni
55mn
20ga
25replace Ni with appropriate Fe in alloy and can also improve Ni
55mn
20ga
25toughness, improve its mechanical property, strengthen practicality.
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
In the present invention, embodiment 1 to 3 all adopts following test condition: adopt U.S. TA company Q800 dynamic mechanical analyzer (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) to the sample in embodiment 1 to 3, carry out in-fighting test, single cantilever beam fixture is selected in test process, during test, amplitude is 5 μm, and frequency is followed successively by 0.2/0.4/1/4/10/20Hz.Dynamic mechanical analyzer installs nd-fe-b magnet, uses identical experiment parameter test sample, obtain the in-fighting curve under 475Oe and 900Oe magnetic field.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of high damping shape memory alloy, the chemical formula of this shape memory alloy is Ni
55mn
20ga
25.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of shape memory alloy is as follows: according to Ni
55mn
20ga
25stoichiometric ratio, Ni, Mn and Ga simple substance is put into arc-melting furnace, and vacuumizes and reach 4.5 × 10
-3below Pa, is then filled with high-purity argon gas fast and carries out melting, is that under the condition of 110A, melting 60s obtains ingot casting at electric current, for ensureing that alloying constituent is even, by melting gained ingot casting melt back five times in fusion process.Ingot casting is quenched to room temperature after 900 DEG C of higher temperature solid solution, finally obtains high damping shape memory alloy.
In-fighting test is carried out to the sample of x=0, has obtained measuring result as shown in Figure 1.As can see from Figure 1, non-Ni doped
55mn
20ga
25two Internal Friction Peaks appear in the in-fighting curve of alloy, and one is the Internal Friction Peak (IF relevant to martensitic transformation occurred at high-temperature area
tM); Another is twin type Internal Friction Peak (IF
tBM), when 330K, its in-fighting peak value is Q
-1≈ 0.11070.Because martensitic transformation point is near the warm area of twin type Internal Friction Peak, the high damping platform (Q of wide temperature range 150K-340K can be obtained
-1>=0.05).
Embodiment 2:
A kind of magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy, the chemical formula of this alloy is Ni
53fe
2mn
20ga
25.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of shape memory alloy is as follows: according to Ni
53fe
2mn
20ga
25stoichiometric ratio, Ni, Fe, Mn and Ga simple substance is put into arc-melting furnace, and vacuumizes and reach 4.5 × 10
-3below Pa, is then filled with high-purity argon gas fast and carries out melting, is that under the condition of 110A, melting 60s obtains ingot casting at electric current, for ensureing that alloying constituent is even, by melting gained ingot casting melt back five times in fusion process.Ingot casting is quenched to room temperature after 900 DEG C of higher temperature solid solution, finally obtains magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy.
In-fighting test is carried out to the test sample of x=2, has obtained measuring result as shown in Figure 2.As can see from Figure 2, Fe adulterates the Ni obtained
53fe
2mn
20ga
25there are two Internal Friction Peaks in alloy in-fighting curve.Known Internal Friction Peak (the IF relevant to martensitic transformation of comparison diagram 1
tM) move near room temperature 300K, simultaneously Fe element doping and the middle Martensite Phase Transformation peak (IF that produces
iTM) be positioned at about 210K.
The same sample of x=2 has been carried out to the in-fighting test under different magnetic field (475Oe/900Oe), in test process, experiment parameter is constant, obtains measuring result as shown in Figure 3.Known by 1Hz in-fighting curve in comparison diagram 3, martensitic twin type damping peak (IF in the middle of in wide temperature range 215K-275K
tBM) raise along with the increase in magnetic field, when 475Oe magnetic field, Internal friction increase about 20%, when magnetic field is 900Oe, Internal friction increase about 36%.Obtain good magnetic control high damping characteristic.Meanwhile, magnetic field middle martensitic transformation is terminated after in-fighting curve impact in 130K-180K temperature range little, still keep its high damping properties.
Embodiment 3
A kind of magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy, the chemical formula of this shape memory alloy is Ni
54fe
0.5mn
20ga
25.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of shape memory alloy is as follows: according to Ni
54fe
0.5mn
20ga
25stoichiometric ratio, Ni, Fe, Mn and Ga simple substance purity being greater than 99.9% puts into arc-melting furnace, and vacuumizes and reach 4.5 × 10
-3below Pa, then be filled with fast purity be 99.99% argon gas carry out melting, be that under the condition of 150A, melting 30s obtains ingot casting at electric current, for ensureing that alloying constituent is even in fusion process, be quenched to room temperature by after ingot casting melt back three times through 800 DEG C of solution treatment, obtain magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy.
Embodiment 4
A kind of magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy, the chemical formula of this shape memory alloy is Ni
52fe
1mn
20ga
25.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of shape memory alloy is as follows: according to Ni
52fe
1mn
20ga
25stoichiometric ratio, Ni, Fe, Mn and Ga simple substance purity being greater than 99.9% puts into arc-melting furnace, and vacuumizes and reach 4.5 × 10
-3below Pa, then be filled with fast purity be 99.99% argon gas carry out melting, be that under the condition of 130A, melting 40s obtains ingot casting at electric current, for ensureing that alloying constituent is even in fusion process, after melting gained ingot casting melt back four times, be quenched to room temperature through 860 DEG C of solution treatment, obtain magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy.
Embodiment 5
A kind of magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy, the chemical formula of this shape memory alloy is Ni
50fe
1.5mn
20ga
25.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of shape memory alloy is as follows: according to Ni
50fe
1.5mn
20ga
25stoichiometric ratio, Ni, Fe, Mn and Ga simple substance purity being greater than 99.9% puts into arc-melting furnace, and vacuumizes and reach 4.5 × 10
-3below Pa, then be filled with fast purity be 99.99% argon gas carry out melting, be that under the condition of 90A, melting 90s obtains ingot casting at electric current, for ensureing that alloying constituent is even in fusion process, by melting gained ingot casting melt back six times, ingot casting is quenched to room temperature after 900 DEG C of solution treatment again, obtains magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy.
The present invention carries out damping test to prepared Ni55-xFexMn20Ga25 sample and shows, as x=0, obtains the high damping alloy sample (Q of wide temperature range 150K-340K
-1>=0.05) (as shown in Figure 1), can be used for preparing damping device; When 0<x≤2, because Fe doping causes the appearance of middle martensitic transformation, make sample in wide temperature range 215K-275K, have large magnet controlled damping characteristic, if frequency during x=2 is the middle martensitic twin type damping peak (IF of 1Hz
tBM) maximum value reached for 0.0771 (as shown in Figure 2), when adding 475Oe magnetic field, Internal friction increase about 20%, when magnetic field is 900Oe, Internal friction increase about 36% (as shown in Figure 3), may be used for preparing damping device or magnet controlled damping device.In a word, Ni55-xFexMn20Ga25 sample material price is low, and its preparation technology is simple, can possess large magnet controlled damping effect, have stronger practical application and can realize scale operation in wider warm area.
Claims (5)
1. high damping shape memory alloy is for the preparation of an application for damping device, and the chemical formula of described high damping shape memory alloy is Ni
55-xfe
xmn
20ga
25, wherein, 0≤x≤2.
2. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 0 < x≤2.
3. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 0.5 < x≤2.
4. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 0 < x≤2, and described damping device is magnet controlled damping device.
5. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described high damping shape memory alloy comprises the following steps: according to Ni
55-xfe
xmn
20ga
25the stoichiometric ratio of (0≤x≤2), Ni, Fe, Mn and Ga simple substance is put into arc-melting furnace, be filled with argon gas after vacuumizing and carry out melting, under electric current is 90-150A condition, melting obtains ingot casting, to higher temperature solid solution be carried out after ingot casting melt back and be quenched to room temperature again, obtaining magnetic control high damping shape memory alloy.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106301064A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-01-04 | 湖南科技学院 | Differential-mode magnetic control shape memory alloy self-sensing actuator |
| CN107012417A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-08-04 | 东北大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-intensity high-damping MnCu based alloys |
| CN107834481A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-23 | 国网河南省电力公司郑州供电公司 | Suppression aerial cable aeolian vibration method based on high damping alloy material damper |
| CN108085564A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-29 | 杭州凯尔达电焊机有限公司 | A kind of memorial alloy of field drives deformation and preparation method thereof |
| CN113370561A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江大学衢州研究院 | Method for preparing complex three-dimensional structure by regionalization programming of polymorphic polymer elastomer |
| CN115896548A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-04-04 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping and heat treatment method thereof |
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| CN106301064A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-01-04 | 湖南科技学院 | Differential-mode magnetic control shape memory alloy self-sensing actuator |
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| CN107834481A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-23 | 国网河南省电力公司郑州供电公司 | Suppression aerial cable aeolian vibration method based on high damping alloy material damper |
| CN108085564A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-29 | 杭州凯尔达电焊机有限公司 | A kind of memorial alloy of field drives deformation and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113370561A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江大学衢州研究院 | Method for preparing complex three-dimensional structure by regionalization programming of polymorphic polymer elastomer |
| CN113370561B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-07-29 | 浙江大学衢州研究院 | Method for preparing complex three-dimensional structure by regionalization programming of polymorphic polymer elastomer |
| CN115896548A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-04-04 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping and heat treatment method thereof |
| CN115896548B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-01-30 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping and heat treatment method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150520 |