CN115896548A - Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping and heat treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping and heat treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115896548A CN115896548A CN202211300450.3A CN202211300450A CN115896548A CN 115896548 A CN115896548 A CN 115896548A CN 202211300450 A CN202211300450 A CN 202211300450A CN 115896548 A CN115896548 A CN 115896548A
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910020598 Co Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910002519 Co-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003321 CoFe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003172 MnCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005381 magnetic domain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping and a heat treatment method thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: vacuum smelting, namely preparing an original alloy ingot by carrying out vacuum smelting on Co and Fe simple substances; step two: homogenizing heat treatment, namely preserving the heat of the original alloy ingot obtained in the step one for 5-24 hours at 1000-1100 ℃; step three: annealing and quenching, namely annealing the material subjected to homogenization heat treatment in the step two in a medium-temperature single-phase region, reducing the temperature to a multi-phase structure temperature region at the speed of 1-10 ℃/min, and then performing rapid quenching. The Co-based alloy obtained by the heat treatment method has wide temperature range and high damping performance, is very sensitive to micro-vibration under low amplitude, can quickly attenuate the micro-vibration, has extremely wide temperature range of a high damping platform, and has stable damping value from-100 ℃ to 500 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation, and particularly relates to a Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping and a heat treatment method thereof.
Background
From micro-displacement brakes to large-scale equipment structural parts, along with the development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements on the precision of the instruments. How to effectively suppress the micro-vibration is a key problem for improving the accuracy of the system.
The high-damping alloy is a key material for greatly reducing the micro-vibration from the source due to the intrinsic high damping and excellent mechanical property. However, in the field of the extreme high temperature environment or the extreme low temperature environment such as deep space exploration, most of the existing damping materials cannot simultaneously consider the two extreme damping performances. For example: the damping performance of widely applied M2052 high-damping alloy can be quickly attenuated at about 90 ℃; although the NiTi-based high-damping alloy has high damping performance, the high-damping temperature range of the NiTi-based high-damping alloy is limited to be about-100-50 ℃, and the wide range of the high-damping temperature range can be further reduced to be about 0-50 ℃ in the temperature reduction process. The magnetic domain motion in ferromagnetic high damping alloys is very sensitive to applied micro stress, and usually has a high damping platform with stable damping value between-150 ℃ (theoretically near absolute zero) and 150 ℃, and common ferromagnetic high damping alloys such as FeGa-based alloys, feCr-based alloys and the like.
Recently, our studies have found that the high damping plateau is related to the curie point and residual stress of ferromagnetic alloys. Through a series of long-term researches, a high-damping material with stable damping value and extremely wide temperature range (the highest temperature of a high-damping platform can reach 500 ℃) is discovered, a solution is provided for micro-vibration suppression in extreme environments, particularly extremely high temperature environments, and specifically, a Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping and a heat treatment method thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a Co-based alloy having a wide temperature range and high damping, and a heat treatment method thereof.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a heat treatment method of Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: vacuum smelting, namely adopting a vacuum smelting furnace to use Co and Fe simple substances with the purity of more than 99.9 percent and adopting a vacuum degree of 3 multiplied by 10 -3 Introducing high-purity argon when the pressure is lower than Pa, and smelting the mixture into an original Co-Fe alloy ingot at a high temperature;
step two: homogenizing heat treatment, namely, preserving the heat of the original alloy ingot obtained in the step one at 1000-1100 ℃ for 5-24h to eliminate partial defects;
step three: annealing, quenching, annealing and quenching, wherein the material subjected to homogenization heat treatment in the step two is subjected to annealing treatment in a medium-temperature single-phase region, and then is subjected to rapid quenching treatment after the temperature is reduced to a multi-phase structure temperature region at the speed of 1-10 ℃/min.
In the first step, the atomic ratio of Co to Fe in the first step is 30-70.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in the second step, the homogenization heat treatment specifically comprises the steps of preserving the heat of the original alloy ingot at 1000-1100 ℃ for 5-24h in a tube furnace under the protection of argon, and then cooling along with the furnace.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in the third step, the temperature and the heat preservation time of the intermediate-temperature single-phase zone annealing treatment are 700-900 ℃ and 30min-10h respectively.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in the third step, the rapid quenching treatment in the multi-phase structure temperature zone is heat preservation for 0-30min at 400-700 ℃, and then water quenching treatment is carried out.
The invention also provides the Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping prepared by the heat treatment method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The Co-based alloy obtained by the heat treatment method has a high damping value, is very sensitive to micro-vibration under low amplitude, can quickly attenuate the micro-vibration, has a wide temperature range of a high damping platform, and has a stable damping value from-100 ℃ to 500 ℃;
(2) The Co-based alloy can realize micro-vibration inhibition in extreme environments, has special significance for micro-vibration inhibition in extreme high-temperature environments, has stable vibration attenuation capability in a wide temperature range, and is convenient to control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a temperature-damping curve of different frequencies in a forced vibration mode at a temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min for a Co-Fe alloy with an elemental Co/Fe atomic ratio of 70 in example 1 based on the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a damping curve (a) in a low temperature region and a damping curve (b) in a high temperature region, which are measured at a temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min in a forced vibration mode, based on a Co-Fe alloy having an elemental Co/Fe atomic ratio of 40 in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a damping curve according to the variation of the amplitude measured in the forced vibration mode based on a CoFe alloy of which the atomic ratio of Co to Fe is 30 in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a temperature-damping curve of a Co-Fe alloy having an elemental Co/Fe atomic ratio of 70 of 30, after being subjected to the first and second steps of example 1, then heated to 1000 ℃ and quenched by holding at 300 ℃ for 30 min;
FIG. 5 is a graph of temperature versus damping curves for alloy atomic ratios of components deviating from the claimed invention after the heat treatment process of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an amplitude-damping curve of a CoFe alloy having an elemental atomic ratio of Co to Fe of 30, without homogenization treatment and without quenching treatment (other heat treatment processes are the same as those of example 3);
figure 7 is a graph comparing the performance of the high damping alloy obtained by this patent at low amplitudes with other common ferromagnetic and MnCu damping alloys.
Detailed Description
While the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, it should be understood that the following detailed description is given by way of illustration only, and not limitation, and that numerous insubstantial modifications and variations of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a heat treatment method of a Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a Co-Fe alloy with an atomic ratio of Co to Fe of 70 to 30 by vacuum arc melting, specifically, proportioning Co and Fe with the purity of more than 99.9% according to the atomic ratio of 70 to 30 by adopting a vacuum melting furnace, and performing vacuum melting at the vacuum degree of 3 multiplied by 10 -3 Introducing high-purity argon when the pressure is lower than Pa, and smelting the mixture into a Co-Fe alloy at a high temperature;
step two: and (3) placing the Co-Fe alloy prepared in the step one into a vacuum tube furnace for homogenization heat treatment, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 1200 ℃, preserving the heat for 24 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.
Step three: and (3) heating the sample obtained in the step two to 900 ℃ again, preserving the heat for 30min, then reducing the furnace temperature to 700 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30min, and then performing water quenching treatment.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a heat treatment method of a Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a Co-Fe alloy with an atomic ratio of Co to Fe simple substances of 40 by vacuum arc melting, specifically, mixing Co and Fe simple substances with the purity of more than 99.9% according to the atomic ratio of 40 -3 Introducing high-purity argon when the pressure is lower than Pa, and smelting the mixture into Co-Fe alloy at high temperature;
step two: putting the Co-Fe alloy prepared in the step one into a vacuum tube furnace for homogenization heat treatment, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 1200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
step three: and (3) heating the sample obtained in the step two to 800 ℃ again, preserving heat for 5 hours, then reducing the furnace temperature to 500 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 minutes, and then performing water quenching treatment.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a heat treatment method of a Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a Co-Fe alloy with a Co and Fe elementary substance atomic ratio of 30 to 70 by vacuum arc melting, specifically, proportioning Co and Fe elementary substances with the purity of more than 99.9% according to the atomic ratio of 30 to 70, and adopting a vacuum melting furnace to perform vacuum melting at the vacuum degree of 3 multiplied by 10 -3 Introducing high-purity argon when the pressure is lower than Pa, and smelting the mixture into a Co-Fe alloy at a high temperature;
step two: putting the Co-Fe alloy prepared in the step one into a vacuum tube furnace for homogenization heat treatment, keeping the temperature at 1100 ℃ for 5 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
step three: and (4) reheating the sample obtained in the step two to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 10 hours, then reducing the furnace temperature to 400 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for less than 1min, and then performing water quenching treatment.
The sample obtained in example 1 is subjected to damping performance test by an inverted torsion pendulum automatic internal friction tester at a temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min from room temperature to 400 ℃, the frequency is 0.5, 1 and 4Hz, the whole test process adopts a forced vibration mode, and the stress strain hysteresis phase angle (phi) is measured and then converted into a characteristic damping ratio (SDC =2 pi tan phi). Meanwhile, in order to prevent surface oxidation, the test was performed in vacuum (<5 Pa), the results are shown in FIG. 1It can be seen that at low amplitudes (2 × 10) -5 ) The damping ratio of the material can reach 0.1, and the maximum temperature range can reach 260 ℃.
The sample obtained in example 2 was subjected to a damping performance test by an inverted torsion pendulum automatic internal wear meter at a temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min from-100 ℃ to 600 ℃, with frequencies of 0.5, 1 and 4Hz, and the whole test process was carried out in a forced vibration mode by measuring the stress strain hysteresis phase angle (phi) and then converting it into a characteristic damping ratio (SDC =2 pi tan phi). Meanwhile, in order to prevent surface oxidation, the test was performed in vacuum (<5 Pa), the results are shown in FIG. 2, and it can be seen that at low amplitude (2X 10) -5 ) The damping ratio of the material can reach 0.16, and the damping value from-100 ℃ to 500 ℃ is relatively stable along with the temperature change.
The damping amplitude dependence of the sample obtained in example 3 was measured by an inverted pendulum automatic internal friction tester at a frequency of 1Hz and an amplitude ranging from 2X 10 -5 To 10 -3 The whole test procedure adopted a forced vibration mode by measuring the stress-strain hysteresis phase angle (phi) and then converting it to a characteristic damping ratio (SDC =2 pi tan phi). The test is carried out in vacuo (<5 Pa) and the results are shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen that at low amplitude (< 10) -3 ) The damping ratio of the material is higher than 0.06.
To verify the effect of the heat treatment method proposed by the present invention, the following verification tests were set up:
1. the components and the heat treatment process are the same as example 1, but the quenching treatment in the step three is changed into quenching in a single-phase region, the quenching temperatures are respectively 1000 ℃ and 300 ℃, and the damping performance test is carried out on different heat treatment samples, and the result is shown in figure 4.
2. The heat treatment process is the same as that of example 2, but the atomic ratio of the Co and Fe is respectively 75.
3. The composition and heat treatment process are the same as example 3, but the samples are not subjected to homogenization treatment and quenching treatment, and the damping performance test is carried out on different heat treatment samples, and the result is shown in fig. 6, which shows that the samples obtained by the heat treatment process provided by the invention have damping values which are higher than those of the samples only subjected to annealing or quenching treatment under low amplitude.
4. The damping performance of the high damping alloy designed by the invention, the common ferromagnets (FeGa-based alloy, feAl-based alloy and FeCr-based alloy) and the MnCu high damping alloy under low amplitude is shown in figure 7, so that the high damping alloy designed by the invention is the widest high damping temperature range in the known damping alloy, the span of the high damping temperature range exceeds 600 ℃, and the high damping alloy has unique advantages when being applied to vibration reduction in extreme environments.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A heat treatment method of Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: vacuum smelting, namely preparing an original alloy ingot by carrying out vacuum smelting on Co and Fe simple substances;
step two: homogenizing heat treatment, namely preserving the heat of the original alloy ingot obtained in the step one at 1000-1100 ℃ for 5-24h;
step three: annealing and quenching, namely annealing the material subjected to homogenization heat treatment in the step two in a medium-temperature single-phase region, reducing the temperature to a multi-phase structure temperature region at the speed of 1-10 ℃/min, and then performing rapid quenching.
2. The heat treatment method for the Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the atomic ratio of Co to Fe is 30-70.
3. The heat treatment method of a Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the homogenization heat treatment is specifically that the original alloy ingot is kept at 1000-1100 ℃ for 5-24h under the protection of argon in a tube furnace, and then is cooled along with the furnace.
4. The heat treatment method of Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the temperature and the holding time of the medium temperature single phase zone annealing treatment are 700-900 ℃ and 30min-10h respectively.
5. The method for heat-treating Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step three, the rapid quenching treatment in the multiphase structure temperature zone is heat preservation at 400-700 ℃ for 0-30min, followed by water quenching treatment.
6. The Co-based alloy with wide temperature range and high damping prepared by the heat treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5237513A (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1977-03-23 | Toshiba Corp | Fe-co alloy of damping capacity |
| JP2012241210A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2012-12-10 | Toyota Industries Corp | Method for manufacturing damping alloy material and damping alloy material |
| CN104392823A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-04 | 南京理工大学 | Resonant damping enhanced FeCo-based high-frequency soft magnetic thin film and manufacturing method thereof |
| US20150083281A1 (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2015-03-26 | General Electric Company | High temperature shape memory alloy actuators |
| CN104630562A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-20 | 西安交通大学 | Application of high-damping shape memory alloy |
| US20200335246A1 (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-10-22 | Baolong Shen | Fe-Co BASED AMORPHOUS SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5237513A (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1977-03-23 | Toshiba Corp | Fe-co alloy of damping capacity |
| US20150083281A1 (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2015-03-26 | General Electric Company | High temperature shape memory alloy actuators |
| JP2012241210A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2012-12-10 | Toyota Industries Corp | Method for manufacturing damping alloy material and damping alloy material |
| CN104392823A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-04 | 南京理工大学 | Resonant damping enhanced FeCo-based high-frequency soft magnetic thin film and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104630562A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-20 | 西安交通大学 | Application of high-damping shape memory alloy |
| US20200335246A1 (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-10-22 | Baolong Shen | Fe-Co BASED AMORPHOUS SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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