CN104619446B - 手持式工具机 - Google Patents

手持式工具机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104619446B
CN104619446B CN201380047455.2A CN201380047455A CN104619446B CN 104619446 B CN104619446 B CN 104619446B CN 201380047455 A CN201380047455 A CN 201380047455A CN 104619446 B CN104619446 B CN 104619446B
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elongated hole
hand held
baffle element
power machine
held power
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CN104619446A (zh
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亚历山大·方克
路易斯·威德默
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Hilti AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/0007—Connections or joints between tool parts
    • B25B23/0035—Connection means between socket or screwdriver bit and tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/107—Retention by laterally-acting detents, e.g. pins, screws, wedges; Retention by loose elements, e.g. balls
    • B23B31/1071—Retention by balls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/08—Means for retaining and guiding the tool bit, e.g. chucks allowing axial oscillation of the tool bit
    • B25D17/084—Rotating chucks or sockets
    • B25D17/088—Rotating chucks or sockets with radial movable locking elements co-operating with bit shafts specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2231/00—Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
    • B23B2231/02—Features of shanks of tools not relating to the operation performed by the tool
    • B23B2231/0252—Shanks having a section of reduced diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
    • B23B2260/136—Springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D2217/003—Details relating to chucks with radially movable locking elements
    • B25D2217/0038—Locking members of special shape
    • B25D2217/0042—Ball-shaped locking members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/301—Torque transmission means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/371—Use of springs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10S279/904—Quick change socket
    • Y10S279/905—Quick change socket with ball detent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17128—Self-grasping
    • Y10T279/17136—Yielding grasping jaws
    • Y10T279/17145—Ball or roller
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17128—Self-grasping
    • Y10T279/17171—One-way-clutch type
    • Y10T279/17188—Side detent
    • Y10T279/17196—Ball or roller
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17666—Radially reciprocating jaws
    • Y10T279/17692—Moving-cam actuator
    • Y10T279/17743—Reciprocating cam sleeve
    • Y10T279/17752—Ball or roller jaws
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17761—Side detent
    • Y10T279/17811—Reciprocating sleeve

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种手持式工具机，具有电动机(7)和能绕工作轴线(18)由电动机(7)旋转驱动的输出轴(1)。输出轴(1)具有沿工作轴线(18)取向的、在输出轴侧开口的、圆柱或棱柱形的容纳腔(16)用以反向于取出方向(20)容纳工具机(11)；两个沿径向穿入容纳腔(16)中的长孔(19)。长孔中各有一阻挡体(12)，阻挡体在长孔(19)内伸入容纳腔(16)中并能在长孔(19)的输出侧端部(22)和驱动侧端部(21)间移动。阻挡体(12)在径向上紧靠径向止挡部(26)并强制地嵌入容纳腔(16)中。止挡部(26)在锁定位置与长孔(19)的输出侧端部(22)重叠，并能沿取出方向(20)克服弹簧(23)的弹力移动用于允许阻挡体(12)脱离与容纳腔(16)的接合的径向运动。弹簧(23)具有支承环(29)、两个从支承环(29)朝取出方向(20)伸出且呈圆弧形地绕容纳腔弯曲的弯弓部(30)及分别从每个弯弓部(30)沿取出方向(20)在阻挡体(12)之前径向地嵌入长孔(19)中的销(36)。

Description

手持式工具机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种手持式工具机，特别是电动螺丝刀。
背景技术
US 5398946 A公开了一种电动螺丝刀，在其工具架中无需操作工具架就能够插入螺丝刀。通过将操作套连同工具一起朝共同的取出方向移动，可以取出螺丝刀。
发明内容
根据本发明的手持式工具机具有电动机和能够绕工作轴线由电动机旋转驱动的输出轴。该输出轴具有：沿工作轴线取向的、在输出侧开口的、圆柱形或棱柱形的容纳腔，该容纳腔用来反向于取出方向容纳工具；以及两个径向地穿入容纳腔中的长孔。在这两个长孔中分别有一阻挡体，阻挡体位于长孔中并伸入容纳腔，且能够在长孔的输出侧端部和长孔的驱动侧端部之间移动。该阻挡体在径向上触靠在径向上的止挡部上，并且强制嵌入容纳腔中。该止挡部在锁定位置与长孔的输出侧端部重叠，并且能够沿取出方向克服第一弹簧的弹力移动，用于允许阻挡体脱离与容纳腔的接合的径向运动。第二弹簧具有支承环、两个从支承环朝取出方向伸出的且呈圆弧形地围绕容纳腔弯曲的弯弓部以及分别从每个弯弓部沿取出方向在阻挡体之前径向地插入长孔的销。
弹性作用的弯弓部将阻挡体压至锁定位置，由此防止这些阻挡体从容纳腔径向移位。使用者在插入工具时，可以将阻挡体连同弯弓部移至长孔的驱动侧端部。在此，这些阻挡体能够径向移位。
具有优选对称地设计的弯弓部的第二弹簧非常紧凑。而且，对称的、特别是镜面对称的构造避免了横向力，这种力可能导致组件相对于工作轴线倾翻以及可能的倾斜。
根据一种设计，其特征在于，支承环有狭缝，并且两个弯弓部分别设置在狭缝的一侧。这些弯弓部能够相对于支承环特别是在第二弹簧的松弛状态下以一角度倾斜。这些弯弓部优选仅部分地、例如小于180度地，例如大约90度地包绕工作轴线。
根据一种设计，支承环、弯弓部和销由连续的一段线材/线(Draht)构成。
根据一种设计，在径向的止挡部上反向于取出方向地连接有一斜面。该斜面具有沿反向于取出方向离开工作轴线的面。在插入工具时移位的阻挡体通过第一弹簧受到朝取出方向的力，这个力通过由斜面所形成的引导面转向成部分地朝工作轴线作用的力。由此，这些阻挡体被可靠地引导而与容纳腔以及位于容纳腔中的工具进行接合。
附图说明
接下来的描述根据示例性的实施方式和附图说明本发明。在附图中：
图1示出了电动螺丝刀；
图2示出了电动螺丝刀的工具架；
图3示出了工具架的弹簧。
只要没有其他说明，相同的或作用相同的部件在这些附图中由相同的附图标记表示。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出了电动螺丝刀4。该电动螺丝刀4具有用于容纳工具11的工具架10，该工具具有棱柱形的杆部，例如螺丝刀。电动机7通过传动系与工具架10相连接，以便在运行时绕工作轴线18旋转地驱动工具架。工具架10是刚性的且优选持久地与输出轴1连接。传动系可以包括减速器2、联轴器例如可调节的联轴器。电动螺丝刀4的壳体3设有手柄5，用于引导电动螺丝刀4，并且设有系统按钮6，用于由使用者来使得电动螺丝刀4起动工作。例如通过由多个二次电池单元9组成的能取下的电池组8对电动机7供电。
工具架10被设计用于工具11的自动锁定。在插入工具11时，阻挡体12会发生移位。之后，通过弹簧13的驱动使阻挡体12嵌入工具11的环形槽14中。阻挡体12防止工具11被拔出或掉出来。使用者可以通过移动操作套15来消除由阻挡体12造成的锁定，并取出工具11。
工具架10具有棱柱形的容纳腔16，其例如具有为规则六面形的空腔。容纳腔16例如与所设置的工具例如螺丝刀的六面体的杆端部17互补。容纳腔16与输出轴1的工作轴线18同轴地形成。输出轴1上的两个径向相对的长孔19在径向上将容纳腔16开口。这些长孔19以其较大的尺寸平行于工作轴线18取向。长孔19的长度(沿工作轴线18的尺寸)比长孔19的宽度(绕工作轴线18的圆周方向(umfangsrichtung)上的尺寸)大50％至150％。这些长孔19在工具11的取出方向20上封闭。在每个长孔19中都有一个球体12，该球体例如形成阻挡体的例子。球体12可以部分地伸入容纳腔16中。进入容纳腔16中的深度受到长孔19的轮廓限制。
阻挡体可以沿工作轴线18在长孔19中移动，该移动在取出方向20上受到长孔19的输出侧端面22的限制，并且该移动在取出方向20的相反方向上受到长孔19的驱动侧端面21的限制。
操作套15在长孔19的高度上包围容纳腔16。通过螺旋弹簧23将操作套15反向于取出方向20压靠在挡块24上。该位置是初始位置。螺旋弹簧23例如在预应力(偏压)下在输出轴1上被夹紧在操作套15和卡环25之间。挡块24例如为卡环。使用者可以克服螺旋弹簧23的力使操作套15在取出方向20上平行于工作轴线18移动。
操作套15在其内表面上设有优选旋转对称的轮廓。该轮廓具有平行于工作轴线18的面26，其中，这个面相距工作轴线18具有最小的间距。面26用于阻挡球体12的径向运动，因此在下面称为阻挡面26。这样确定阻挡面26的径向间距27，即，当球体12接触阻挡面26时，球体12的一部分伸入容纳腔16中。阻挡面26相距容纳腔16的径向间距27小于阻挡体12的径向尺寸。当操作套15处于初始位置并且球体12紧靠在输出侧的端面22上时，阻挡面26切向地靠在球体12上。相对于工作轴线18倾斜的斜面28反向于取出方向20连接在阻挡面26上。斜面28在取出方向20的反向上增大了斜面与工作轴线18的间距。在斜面28端部，径向间距大小至少使得球体12在径向上能够完全从容纳腔16中出来。
弹簧13在取出方向20上压着两个球体12。这些球体12通过弹簧13保持在初始位置上，并且紧靠在长孔19的输出侧的端面22上。弹簧13具有支承环29，该支承环紧靠在输出轴1上。两个弯弓部30(Bügel)沿取出方向20从支承环29伸出。这两个弯弓部优选相同地或者彼此镜面对称地构造。弯弓部30具有弯曲的区段31，该区段呈圆弧形地围绕工作轴线18延伸。弯弓部30例如大约跨越90度。区段31的半径优选等于支承环29的半径。弯弓部30的底端32与支承环29材料配合地(materialschlüssig)相连。两个弯弓部30的底端32可以彼此相对地设置在支承环29的狭缝33处。弹簧13例如由线材弯曲而成。弯弓部30无缝隙地过渡到支承环29。线材在底端32区域中围绕垂直于工作轴线18的轴线弯曲略小于180度。弯弓部30相对于支承环29以角度34(Anstellwinkel)倾斜。角度34在10度到25度范围内。在弯弓部30的顶端35连接着销36。两个销36相对于工作轴线18彼此径向相对。销36优选垂直于工作轴线18。替代性地，销36可以在与取出方向20相反的方向上相对于工作轴线18倾斜最大10度的角度。在此，销36反向于取出方向20从顶端35延伸向工作轴线18。这样确定销36的径向尺寸，即，销36沿径向至少与球体12的一半重叠。销36在取出方向20上在球体12之前嵌入长孔19中。销36优选以预应力将球体12压在后侧的端面22上。

Claims (7)

1.一种手持式工具机，所述手持式工具机包括：
电动机(7)；
输出轴(1)，所述输出轴能够绕工作轴线(18)由所述电动机(7)旋转驱动，并且，所述输出轴具有：沿工作轴线(18)取向的、在输出侧开口的、圆柱形或棱柱形的容纳腔(16)用以反向于取出方向(20)容纳工具(11)，和两个沿径向穿入所述容纳腔(16)中的长孔(19)；
两个阻挡体(12)，所述阻挡体分别位于一个长孔(19)中并且伸入所述容纳腔(16)，且能够在所述长孔(19)的输出侧端面(22)和所述长孔(19)的驱动侧端面(21)之间移动；
阻挡面(26)，所述阻挡体(12)在径向上靠接所述阻挡面并强制地以接合的方式进入所述容纳腔(16)中，所述阻挡面在锁定位置与所述长孔(19)的输出侧端面(22)重叠，并且能够沿取出方向(20)克服第一弹簧(23)的弹力移动，用于允许所述阻挡体(12)脱离与所述容纳腔(16)的接合的径向运动；
第二弹簧(13)，所述第二弹簧具有支承环(29)、两个从所述支承环(29)朝取出方向(20)突出的且呈圆弧形地围绕所述容纳腔(16)弯曲的弯弓部(30)以及分别从每个所述弯弓部(30)沿取出方向(20)在所述阻挡体(12)之前径向地嵌入所述长孔(19)中的销(36)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手持式工具机，其特征在于，所述弯弓部(30)彼此镜面对称地布置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的手持式工具机，其特征在于，所述支承环(29)具有狭缝，并且所述两个弯弓部(30)分别设置在狭缝(33)的一侧。
4.根据前述权利要求1或2所述的手持式工具机，其特征在于，所述弯弓部(30)相对于所述支承环(29)以角度(34)倾斜。
5.根据前述权利要求1或2所述的手持式工具机，其特征在于，所述弯弓部(30)包夹所述工作轴线(18)小于180度。
6.根据前述权利要求1或2所述的手持式工具机，其特征在于，所述支承环(29)、所述弯弓部(30)和所述销(36)由连续的一段线材构成。
7.根据前述权利要求1或2所述的手持式工具机，其特征在于，在所述阻挡面(26)上反向于取出方向(20)连接有斜面(28)，其中，所述斜面(28)反向于取出方向(20)具有离开所述工作轴线(18)的面(28)。
CN201380047455.2A 2012-09-12 2013-09-10 手持式工具机 Expired - Fee Related CN104619446B (zh)

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US9469020B2 (en) 2016-10-18
DE102012216137A1 (de) 2014-03-13
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US20150217434A1 (en) 2015-08-06
EP2895288B1 (de) 2019-01-16

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