CN104617322A - Microbial capacitive desalination fuel cell technology - Google Patents
Microbial capacitive desalination fuel cell technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104617322A CN104617322A CN201410824619.4A CN201410824619A CN104617322A CN 104617322 A CN104617322 A CN 104617322A CN 201410824619 A CN201410824619 A CN 201410824619A CN 104617322 A CN104617322 A CN 104617322A
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- desalination
- chamber
- fuel cell
- microbial
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial capacitive desalination fuel cell technology for supplying power to a capacitive deionization unit by virtue of electric energy generated by microbial treatment of sewage and relates to the technical field of microbial treatment of sewage, microbial power generation and capacitive deionization desalination. The desalination technology consists of a microbial fuel cell and a capacitive deionization unit. The technology is characterized in that two cation exchange membranes and two active carbon cloth electrodes are added between an anode chamber and a cathode chamber of a microbial fuel cell to form a desalination chamber. The problem in the prior art is that microorganisms oxidize organic pollutants to release protons which are accumulated to lead to decrease of pH value of the anode chamber so as to affect the yield and desalination. The anode chamber, the desalination chamber and the cathode chamber are divided by using the two cation exchange membranes and two active carbon cloth electrodes, so that protons can be freely transferred among the three chambers by virtue of the cation membranes and the active carbon cloth so as to stabilize the pH values of the chambers. The invention aims to provide the method for operating microbial capacitive desalination fuel cell in a long term, wherein the activity of electrochemically active microorganisms is maintained and the electricity production capacity and the desalination efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Sewage Biological Treatment, electricity generation by microorganism, capacitive deionization desalting technology field, is a kind of environmental protection technology of green energy conservation.
Background technology
Adopt safety, to produce clean water be the important technological challenge of human society one of facing for economic, energy-conservation method.Wherein, desalination is key technology bitter, seawater or sewage being changed into the spendable water of the mankind.The desalination process obtaining large-scale application at present mainly contains reverse osmosis, distillation, electrodialysis and ion-exchange.These method ubiquities that energy consumption is high, aquifer yield is low, it is loaded down with trivial details to safeguard, are produced the shortcomings such as secondary pollution to environment.
Capacitive deionization desalination is a kind of new type water processing method that development in recent years is got up, by (often adopting porous carbon materials to the pair of electrodes with large specific area and large specific capacity, as charcoal-aero gel, active carbon, carbon fiber, carbon nano-tube etc.) apply low-voltage direct electric field, when water flows through in-between the electrodes, in water, charged ion moves to the electrode of oppositely charged and is adsorbed on electrode under the effect of electric field, thus reaches the effect of desalination.When the adsorption capacity of electrode reaches capacity, allow electric pole short circuit or apply reversed electric field, come back in water by the ion adsorbed and form concentrated water drainage and walk, electrode is regenerated simultaneously.Relative to other desalination process, capacitive deionization have energy consumption low, without the need to the advantage such as chemical agent consumption, non-secondary pollution, Operation and Maintenance be simple, therefore, be expected to be used widely in fields such as bitter process, desalinization, Treated sewage reusing, drinking water deep purification, heavy metal recovery.
The method of direct current power is provided to have to capacitive deionization desalter multiple.Can use the civil power of 220V adjustment voltage and power after being transformed into direct current, also can use battery, storage battery power supply.Also the mode such as solar energy, wind-force, cogeneration of heat and power can be adopted to power in outdoor.Because the electrode used in capacitive deionization desalter has power reservoir capacity as capacitor itself, also multiple capacitor can be connected, mutually the electric power of savings be used as power supply alternately.There is no particular limitation to the voltage of DC power supply for capacitive deionization, and the standard electrode EMF due to water is 1.23V, is precaution of hydrolysis, and the low-voltage that general is no more than 1.2V just can be run.
Microbiological fuel cell, as a kind of emerging green technology, also can produce electric energy while disposing of sewage, and its open circuit voltage can meet the requirement of capacitive deionization to voltage.Therefore, by microbiological fuel cell and the seamless combination of capacitive deionization, making it have degradation of organic substances, electrogenesis, desalination three kinds of functions concurrently, is a kind of method having very much development potentiality.
The principle of the double-chamber microbiological fuel cell of prior art as shown in Figure 1.It is to be attached to the microbe of anode as catalyst, and degradation organic substance produces electronics and proton.The electron transmission produced, to anode, arrives negative electrode through external circuit, produces extrinsic current thus., reduction reaction is there is, thus completes the transmission of inside battery electric charge in the proton produced or by barrier material (film or salt bridge) or directly arrive negative electrode by electrolyte at negative electrode and electronics, oxide (as oxygen etc.).
Double-chamber microbiological fuel cell does not have the function of desalination, and a kind of three chamber microbiological desalination fuel cells improve on its basis and form.Its principle is as shown in Figure 2: the anode in microbiological fuel cell and add successively between negative electrode anion-exchange membrane and cation-exchange membrane form one in the middle of desalting chamber, utilize the electrical potential difference of inside battery both sides anode and cathode to complete the desalination of medial compartment.But this process is irreversible and unsustainable, and the salt of the electrolyte of anode chamber and cathode chamber can raise, and affects the later use of water outlet.On the other hand, proton is accumulated in anode chamber thus is caused pH to decline, and compromise the activity of electrogenesis bacterium, and the pH of cathode chamber also can raise, this imbalance have impact on further production capacity and desalting efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of method microbiological fuel cell and capacitive deionization desalination are coupled newly, the electrical energy drive capacitive deionization desalination utilizing microbiological fuel cell to produce, and overcome above-mentioned two kinds of problems of existing microbe desalination fuel cell, make the stable operation of whole system energy.
The principle of this microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell is: it is made up of (as shown in Figure 3) a microbiological fuel cell and a capacitive deionization unit, comprises electrogenesis microbe, capacitance electrode, another cation-exchange membrane, air cathode that anode, cation-exchange membrane, active carbon cloth and a conductive metal mesh form.This device is separated into three Room, is followed successively by anode chamber, desalting chamber and cathode chamber.Anode chamber is connected with active carbon cloth capacitance electrode adjacent with it in desalting chamber respectively with Yang Yin the two poles of the earth of cathode chamber, electronics is delivered to active carbon cloth capacitance electrode by external circuit, capacitance electrode is made to have the electromotive force identical with anode and cathode, and then electric double layer is formed between active carbon cloth surface and solution, ion enrichment makes the ion concentration in desalting chamber's solution reduce at electrode surface.
The feature of this microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell is: adopt the method adding two cation-exchange membranes and replace an anion-exchange membrane of prior aries and a cation-exchange membrane to combine in microbe desalination fuel cell, and come in separate anode chamber and cathode chamber by using active carbon cloth as the coupling of the capacitive deionization unit of electrode, make proton can through cation-exchange membrane and active carbon cloth in anode chamber, desalting chamber, cathode chamber three freely shifts between Room, reach the effect stablizing each room pH, this makes the activity of anode chamber electrogenesis bacterium be kept, electricity generation ability and desalting efficiency are improved, whole process can steady in a long-termly be run.
The desalination processes of this microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell is as shown in Figure 4: anode chamber's process organic sewage, electrogenesis bacterium on anode is by the organic substance generation current in oxidation sewage and proton, electric current passes to the active carbon cloth capacitance electrode of desalting chamber by external circuit, proton can not be accumulated and cause anode chamber pH to reduce, and be through two cation-exchange membranes arrival cathode chambers, complete the charge transfer of inside battery.Desalting chamber and cathode chamber can process brackish water.Because active carbon cloth capacitance electrode has the electromotive force identical with anode and cathode, the anion in desalting chamber is by the active carbon cloth electrode adsorption near anode chamber, and cation, by the active carbon cloth electrode adsorption near cathode chamber, makes water outlet reach desalting effect.Although the anion in cathode chamber can not be desalted the active carbon cloth electrode adsorption of room through cation-exchange membrane, the cation of the inside is passable, and therefore cathode chamber also has certain desalting effect, at this moment, the proton of coming from anode chamber plays the effect of stable cathode chamber pH, makes the OH of cathode chamber
-can not accumulate and cause pH to raise.In addition, use the method that desalting chamber also can be made also to have certain effect removed to organic substance, this is realized by the absorption of active carbon cloth to charged organic filler, and the microbe desalination fuel cell of prior art can not accomplish this point.
The electrode regeneration process of this microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell is as shown in Figure 5: after capacitive adsorption is saturated, disconnect the connection of electric capacity and anode and cathode, connect two capacitance electrodes with outer conductor and make its short circuit, in case of a short circuit, active carbon cloth loses polarity, be adsorbed in ion on electric double layer from desorb carbon cloth, the ion with opposite charges is attracted each other and is shifted in solution.Another kind method is the connection of switched capacitor electrode and anode and cathode, electromotive force in addition contrary with desalination stage between active carbon cloth electrode (its control circuit as shown in Figure 6, if K switch 1 and K2 are positioned at downward position in desalination state simultaneously, when then going to desorption state, both are allocated to simultaneously position upwards), be adsorbed in the desorb under the effect of two like magnetic poles repel each other of the ion on electric capacity. rinse desalting chamber by rinse water and form dense water to remove the ion of physical absorption.
General cation-exchange membrane, can also through other a lot of salt ions (as Na except can through except proton
+, K
+, NH
4 +, Ca
2+deng), and use cation-exchange membrane to replace the reason of the anion-exchange membrane of prior art mainly in order to enable proton flow freely between three Room in side, anode chamber, therefore, proton exchange membrane also can be used to the anion-exchange membrane replacing prior art to reach the object of same proton transfer.
In addition, also can adopt and make membrane electrode to reach the object of same proton transfer in the method for active carbon cloth capacitive electrode surface spraying cation-exchange membrane.The permeability of ion can be made to be deteriorated because in type amberplex covers electrode surface by pressure effect, and the resistance of electrode and film can be improved.And the integrated film thickness of electrode that spraying process is made is thin, resistance is little, while realizing proton transfer, also can improve the operational efficiency of device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the principle of microbial fuel cells schematic diagram of prior art.
Fig. 2: the microbe desalination fuel cell principle schematic of prior art.
Fig. 3: the microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell principle schematic in the present invention.
Fig. 4: the desalination processes schematic diagram of the microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell in the present invention.
Fig. 5: the electrode regeneration process schematic of the microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell in the present invention.
Fig. 6: a kind of control circuit schematic diagram of the microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell in the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Adopt the structure of microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell as shown in Figure 3.Desalting chamber by two cation-exchange membranes and two active carbon cloth electrode separation out.Active carbon cloth electrode is made up of one deck conductive metal mesh and active carbon cloth (FM10 Activated Carbon Cloth, Chemviron Carbon, UK), and the thickness of this active carbon cloth is 0.5 mm, and specific area is 1020 m
2/ g, polar plate spacing is 15 mm.Make it to be attached with active and that quantity is stable electrogenesis microbe as the mode that the carbon brush of galvanic anode is run by inoculation.Air cathode and solution contact surface are loaded with platinum catalyst, and opposite side communicates with air, scribble PTFE watertight composition.The waste water of anode chamber, desalting chamber and cathode chamber process is formed by simulation composition, and pH value is 7.0 ± 0.2, and after one takes turns operation, the situation of change of each room pH value is followed successively by-0.2,0.1,1.5.An anion-exchange membrane of prior art that what control group adopted is and cation-exchange membrane are separated out the method (its structure as shown in Figure 2) of desalting chamber, and other conditions are constant, and the situation of change of each room pH value is this time then-0.5,0.1,4.5.Result shows, method of the present invention has good effect for the pH value stablizing each room, and the long-term stability being conducive to system is run.
Claims (3)
1. a microbe capacitive desalination fuel cell technology, the method using two cation-exchange membranes to replace employing anion-exchange membrane of prior aries and cation-exchange membrane to combine separates anode chamber and cathode chamber, make proton can in anode chamber, desalting chamber, cathode chamber three freely shift between Room, stablizes each room pH.
2. method according to claim 1, utilization proton exchange membrane reaches the object that same proton freely shifts.
3. method according to claim 1, the method being used in positive and negative capacitive electrode surface spraying cation exchange coating reaches the object that same proton freely shifts.
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Cited By (19)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105253991A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 浙江工商大学 | Electromagnetic field coupling desalting device with pollution reduction function and method |
| CN105417901A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-03-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | Sewage treatment device and sewage treatment method |
| CN106784951A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 烟台大学 | A kind of device and method of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination |
| WO2017101654A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | 王冰 | Microalgae-based system for purifying high-salt water by combining multiple technologies |
| WO2017101655A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | 王冰 | Multiple-effect photosynthetic microorganism fuel cell and implementation method |
| CN107892396A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-04-10 | 浙江大学 | A kind of microbiological fuel cell and desalination process associated with capacitive deionization |
| CN109205965A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-15 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of micro-biological reaction device as water process |
| CN109370884A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-22 | 黑龙江省能源环境研究院 | A kind of microorganism battery system removing kitchen garbage salinity |
| CN109607709A (en) * | 2019-01-12 | 2019-04-12 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of electrochemistry deoxygen apparatus |
| CN110853928A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-02-28 | 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 | Capacitor implementation method and capacitor thereof |
| CN111816902A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 南京理工大学 | Capacitive microbial desalination cell device and method applied to chemical tail water treatment |
| CN112125389A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-25 | 天津大学 | Microorganism forward-reverse electrodialysis cell (MERC) for synchronous sewage treatment and seawater desalination |
| CN113248006A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-13 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Microbial desalination cell for water used in construction site |
| WO2021176444A1 (en) * | 2020-03-01 | 2021-09-10 | Technion Research & Development Foundation Limited | Capacitive-faradaic and pseudocapacitive-faradaic fuel cells |
| CN113972386A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-25 | 氢普(德州)新能源科技有限公司 | Desalination system and method for detecting salt content of cathode intake air of marine fuel cell and marine fuel cell system |
| CN114656030A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-24 | 上海海洋大学 | Microbial desalination fuel cell and method for removing odor substances in water by electro-activating persulfate |
| CN114870602A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-09 | 江苏科技大学 | Carbon capture system based on capacitance deionization technology |
| CN114956309A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-30 | 山东建筑大学 | Method for synchronously desalting seawater and treating sewage by utilizing flowing electrode type microbial desalination cell |
| CN115520954A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-12-27 | 威海海洋职业学院 | Application of microbial fuel cell in growth-promoting culture of prawns |
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- 2014-12-26 CN CN201410824619.4A patent/CN104617322A/en active Pending
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| CN105253991A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 浙江工商大学 | Electromagnetic field coupling desalting device with pollution reduction function and method |
| CN106898803A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 王冰 | A kind of multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell and implementation method |
| WO2017101654A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | 王冰 | Microalgae-based system for purifying high-salt water by combining multiple technologies |
| WO2017101655A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | 王冰 | Multiple-effect photosynthetic microorganism fuel cell and implementation method |
| CN106892529A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 王冰 | A kind of many technology coupling purification high salt water systems based on microalgae |
| CN105417901B (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2018-07-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of sewage-treatment plant and a kind of sewage water treatment method |
| CN105417901A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-03-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | Sewage treatment device and sewage treatment method |
| CN106784951B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-06-14 | 烟台大学 | A kind of device and method of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination |
| CN106784951A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 烟台大学 | A kind of device and method of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination |
| CN107892396A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-04-10 | 浙江大学 | A kind of microbiological fuel cell and desalination process associated with capacitive deionization |
| CN109205965A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-15 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of micro-biological reaction device as water process |
| CN109370884A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-22 | 黑龙江省能源环境研究院 | A kind of microorganism battery system removing kitchen garbage salinity |
| CN110853928A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-02-28 | 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 | Capacitor implementation method and capacitor thereof |
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