CN105253991B - A kind of electromagnetic field couples desalter and method for having the dirty function of drop concurrently - Google Patents
A kind of electromagnetic field couples desalter and method for having the dirty function of drop concurrently Download PDFInfo
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- CN105253991B CN105253991B CN201510680556.4A CN201510680556A CN105253991B CN 105253991 B CN105253991 B CN 105253991B CN 201510680556 A CN201510680556 A CN 201510680556A CN 105253991 B CN105253991 B CN 105253991B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electromagnetic field couples desalter and method for having the dirty function of drop concurrently, device includes being divided into anode chamber, medial compartment and cathode chamber successively in reactor, the reactor；The anode chamber is exported with sanitary sewage import and sanitary sewage, built-in anode electrode；The medial compartment carries sea intake and water outlet；The cathode chamber is exported with acid waste water import and acid waste water, built-in cathode electrode；Connected between the cathode electrode and anode electrode by wire；Be additionally provided with outside the reactor in anode chamber provide horizontal magnetic field weak magnetic iron and be in medial compartment provide vertical magnetic field strong magnet.In sanitary sewage feeding anode chamber, in acid waste water feeding cathode chamber, in seawater feeding medial compartment, start the vertical magnetic field of medial compartment and the horizontal magnetic field of anode chamber, electromagnetic field couples desalination reaction is carried out, the salinity during seawater can be sloughed using the field coupling magnetic field of device oneself generation while sanitary sewage is handled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to desalinization and sanitary sewage disposal field, a kind of electromagnetic field for having the dirty function of drop concurrently is specifically referred to
Couple desalination process and device.
Background technology
It is one of focal issue of 21 century that freshwater resources, which lack,.According to statistics, tellurian gross amount of water resources is huge, about
13.8 hundred million cubic kilometers, but wherein 97.5% be seawater (13.45 hundred million cubic kilometers), and fresh water only accounts for 2.5%, among these portion big absolutely
Divide again for polar ice snow ice river and underground water, only 0.01% really enjoyed by the mankind.Although Chinese freshwater resources ranking generation
The 6th, boundary, but skewness of the water resource on room and time causes the freshwater resources ranking world the 119th per capita of China
Position, the whole nation is even more to have 110 city serious water shortages, under this severe situation, and it is dilute that development desalination technology industry solves water source
The problem of lacking, is extremely urgent.
Traditional desalination technology has the way of distillation, freezing, electroosmose process, embrane method etc..The way of distillation is more original, leads to
Heating seawater is crossed, the mode that water is condensed again through overflash is departed from salt.But there is cost height, high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in distillation equipment
Lower accessory is fragile, the problems such as energy consumption is huge.Freezing is to isolate salinity in icing seawater to obtain doing for seawater
Method.But it is also huge energy consumption to freeze seawater process, and isolated seawer quality is poor.Electroosmose process and embrane method are two kinds of seawater
Although the new direction of desalination, electroosmose process solves the problems such as energy consumption is big, addition chemical agent is more, operation is numerous, but desalinization room
The chemical agent residual of middle addition makes water outlet cannot act as drinking water；And embrane method has film cost height, reusing difference etc. lacks
Point.
Patent CN201510130271.3 discloses a kind of seawater desalination system and method for desalting seawater, by seawater
Ion concentration polarization phenomena occur in the presence of electric field for foreign particle, and then seawater is in the presence of ambient pressure, impurity grain
Son and fresh water reach separation.But the system accessories complexity needs multiple working procedure to constitute, and the system is only applicable to a small amount of seawater
Desalination, energy consumption can also be increased during extension, and application prospect is smaller.And patent CN201210289714.X inventions are related to one kind
The top of sea water desalinating unit, including air humidification tower and air dehumidification tower, air humidification tower and air dehumidification tower is interconnected,
The device of the desalinization is using the waste heat manufacture fresh water of Thermal Power Station, and making the cost of desalinization reduces, but due to this
Feature makes desalinization receive territory restriction significantly.
At the same time, with the quickening of urbanization process, sanitary sewage discharge capacity is sharply increased.At present, sanitary sewage
Processing is intended to remove COD therein, and studies and show that COD is a kind of poor energy, there is potential value.The opposing party
Face, is concentrated using magnetic field and purified water is a technology with potential application foreground.
Therefore, how the water process in a variety of directions and multiple biophysical technologies are coupled to reach energy-saving and environmental protection, can hold
Continuous purpose is necessary.
The content of the invention
, can be in processing life the invention provides a kind of electromagnetic field couples desalter and method for having the dirty function of drop concurrently
Slough the salinity in seawater in the field coupling magnetic field produced while sewage using device oneself.
Separate successively in a kind of electromagnetic field couples desalter for having the dirty function of drop concurrently, including reactor, the reactor
For anode chamber, medial compartment and cathode chamber；
The anode chamber is exported with sanitary sewage import and sanitary sewage, built-in anode electrode；The medial compartment is carried
Sea intake and water outlet；The cathode chamber is exported with acid waste water import and acid waste water, built-in cathode electrode；
Connected between the cathode electrode and anode electrode by wire；
The weak magnetic iron to provide horizontal magnetic field in anode chamber is additionally provided with outside the reactor and it is to provide vertical in medial compartment
The strong magnet in magnetic field.
Anode chamber, medial compartment and cathode chamber are followed successively by the reactor along its length, between anode chamber and medial compartment
Separated, separated between medial compartment and cathode chamber by cationic membrane by anionic membrane, by wire between cathode electrode and anode electrode
Connect and connect battery, the electric energy produced during processing sewage can offset a part of externally fed electric energy, in low energy consumption even nothing
Reached on the basis of energy consumption and both handle sanitary sewage, the purpose of salinity in seawater is removed again, while photocatalysis negative electrode is in natural light
Catalysis under can reduce the H in acid waste water+, anode current exported, and does not produce secondary pollution.
The present invention increases by the 3rd Room in the middle of anode chamber and cathode chamber, forms three chamber body systems, and anode is attached to carbon brush electrode
On microbial degradation sanitary sewage in COD and produce extra electron, and the presence of the weaker horizontal magnetic field of anode can greatly journey
Degree improves the performance of anode biomembrane, and being oriented to negative electrode by wire forms loop, and the electricity collection of generation is used to supplement in battery
Device water inlet institute subfam. Spiraeoideae, while the field coupling externally-applied magnetic field invigoration effect self-produced inside device of the zwitterion of medial compartment
Under, anion turns to anode chamber, and cation turns to cathode chamber, it is achieved thereby that desalination.Negative electrode uses photocatalysis silicon materials, certainly
The H in acid waste water can be reduced by being not required to cathode consumption thing or applying electrical potential under right optical condition+, greatly save cost.More anticipate
Justice, the process energy consumption is small, and has handled sanitary sewage, and no additional contaminants discharge, is a kind of environmentally friendly desalination
Design.
Preferably, the material of the anode electrode is carbon-based material.Such as graphite electrode plate, carbon brush, carbon felt.More preferably
Carbon brush, cheap, specific surface area is big, with excellent conductive performance, is exported beneficial to electronics, and resistance to corrosion is good, can be in reality
Magnify and utilize in the application of border.Anode electrode first passes around surfactant rinse, such as neopelex, o- phenyl benzene
Phenol.
Preferably, the cathode electrode is the photocatalysis silicon electrode of surface treatment.Photocatalysis silicon electrode and surface treatment are originally
Body can use prior art, it is preferable that photocatalysis silicon electrode surface treatment method and step are as follows：
(1) reactive ion etching single crystal silicon wafer, monocrystalline silicon surface formation nano-wire array；
(2) and then gently mix p-Si nano wires one layer of thin height of modification and mix n+Layer, to improve photovoltage output；
(3) the conformal applying film titanium dioxide layers of 30nm are modified under 300 DEG C of high temperature to realizing homemade atomic deposition layer, with
When guaranteeing long steady operation under neutral PH electrolyte environment；
(4) Ni of about 10nm thickness is by intending conformal injection modification to electrode.
Preferably, the length direction of the anode chamber, medial compartment and cathode chamber along reactor is arranged successively, the reactor
Depth-width ratio be 1:10~1:12.Desalting efficiency is further enhanced under the conditions of the ratio.It is further preferred that described
The width of reactor is more than 50cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the medial compartment is 1mm-10mm.Further preferably, medial compartment thickness is 5mm.
Thickness herein refers to the spacing between cationic membrane and anionic membrane.
Preferably, the height of reactor is 5cm-15cm, excessively thin, medial compartment small volume.More preferably 10cm.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of electromagnetic field couples desalination, it is preferred to use apparatus of the present invention are carried out, including as follows
Step：
In sanitary sewage feeding anode chamber, in acid waste water feeding cathode chamber, in seawater feeding medial compartment, start medial compartment
Vertical magnetic field, the horizontal magnetic field of anode chamber and reactor in internal electric field, carry out electromagnetic field couples desalination reaction, after purification
Sanitary sewage, acid waste water and desalination water discharge reactor outside.
To the coefficient of friction f=6 π η r of water, (η is viscous for liquid during by magnetic field force F=q × V × B and ion motion
Degree, r is ionic radius) analysis is calculated and coupling apparatus carries out conditional filtering in itself.
Preferably, the magnetic field intensity 6000Gs-12000Gs of medial compartment.The optimal selection magnetic field intensity 10000Gs shape of a hoof
Neodymium iron boron strong magnet.Vertical magnetic field added by medial compartment is relative medial compartment plane perpendicular, i.e., heretofore described vertical magnetic field is
Vertical magnetic field.
The increase of magnetic field intensity is conducive to moving the bigger deflection of zwitterion generation, and the acting of Loulun magnetism component is bigger to be used
Done work in overcoming the frictional resistance to water.
Preferably, the magnetic field intensity of anode chamber is 1500Gs-2500Gs.Optimal selection magnetic field intensity 2000Gs weak magnetic
Iron.
Preferably, the seawater velocity of medial compartment is 0.5m/s-2m/s.Consider energy-conservation and ion deflecting stress, optimal is 1m/
s.Cross slow deflection effect poor, too fast ion has little time just to flow out from delivery port through film.
Preferably, during single treatment, seawater is 3~6 hours in the residence time of medial compartment.Using 3h as a cycle
Handle after a cycle, seawater salinity is reduced to below 1.5g/L, and salt rejection rate reaches more than 95%.
Preferably, the coolant-temperature gage of medial compartment is controlled at 25~35 DEG C.More preferably 30 DEG C.
Preferably, the faintly acid waste water that the water inlet of cathode chamber is pH 5~6.
Most preferably, device startup stage, cathode chamber adds M9 electrolyte, and anode chamber is inoculated with bacterium solution, and bacterium solution is by containing organic
Thing 2000mg/L sanitary sewage and the mixed bacterium solution 1 of electricity production:2 (volume ratios) are constituted, and the salinity that medial compartment adds inactive state is about
30% seawater, starts reactor under the conditions of 30 DEG C, starts about 1 day time；The magnetic field intensity 10000Gs of medial compartment, anode chamber
Magnetic field intensity be 2000Gs；
It is 300mg/L sanitary sewages using water-carrying capacity as 4.6t/ (m by COD after device stable operation3D) anode chamber is sent into
In, the microorganism on anode electrode is obtained sufficient carbon source, while COD of sewage is effectively degraded；With water-carrying capacity in cathode chamber
For 9.2m3/(m3D) faintly acid waste water is sent into；
After device stable operation, seawater raw water enters medial compartment with 1m/s flow velocity, and the water flowed out from seawater delivery port leads to
Piping merges with raw water is pressed into medial compartment through water pump again, circulation is thusly-formed, using 6h as a cycle.
After a cycle, sanitary sewage water outlet COD is reduced to below 80mg/L, and concentration of seawater is reduced to 1g/L or so, salt rejection rate
Reach more than 96.7%.
The present invention increases the strong magnet of medial compartment on apparatus structure, and interior circuit is coupled using the Loulun magnetism of charged particle
Electric field force reinforcing desalting effect；Increase common magnet outside anode room, utilize effect increase output electricity of the low-intensity magnetic field to microorganism
Stream, so as to further lift desalting efficiency.In handling process, the present invention substantially utilizes interior circuit electric field and additional high-intensity magnetic field
Coupling is in zwitterion；Negative electrode is electric using the photocatalysis silicon of surface treatment, in daylight conditions reducible H+.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
(1) the horizontal biological film properties of weak electric field lifting of anode, increase electricity production.
(2) the photocatalysis silicon electrode of surface treatment, faintly acid electrolyte can be reduced in daylight conditions, solve cathode consumption
The problem of thing, greatly save cost.
(3) the biological film properties of anode weak electric field lifting, improve interior circuit electric field, couple high-intensity magnetic field, reach that electric field magnetic field is strong
Change desalting effect.
(4) surface treatment photocatalysis cathode electrode, can extra process faintly acid waste water, reach electricity production, reinforcing desalination, locate
The effect of sanitary sewage and the quadruple effect unification of processing faintly acid waste water is managed, and without secondary pollution, no cathode consumption is really realized low
Operation cost.
(5) the desalination time is short, efficiency high, is handled by a cycle of 3h after a cycle, sanitary sewage water outlet COD is reduced to
100mg/L, seawater salinity is reduced to below 1.5g/L, and salt rejection rate reaches more than 95%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of apparatus of the present invention apparatus of the present invention.
Reference is as follows shown in figure：
1- cathode electrode 2- cathode chamber 3- sanitary sewage imports
4- sea intake 5- anode chambers 6- anode electrodes
7- water outlet 8- vertical magnetic field 9- internal electric fields
10- sanitary sewages export 11- medial compartment 12- strong magnets
13- anionic membrane 14- cationic membrane 15- acid waste water imports
16- acid waste waters are exported.17- weak magnetic iron 18- water pumps
19- water tanks.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of desalter for the electromagnetic field couples for having the dirty function of drop concurrently, including it is reactor, some
Water pump and battery.
Cathode chamber 2, medial compartment 11, anode chamber 5 are followed successively by reactor along its length.Cathode chamber and medial compartment by sun from
Sub- film 14 is separated, and anode chamber and medial compartment are separated by anionic membrane 13, makes each room independent.
Cathode electrode 1 is set in cathode chamber, and cathode electrode is to set acid waste water on photocatalysis silicon electrode, cathode chamber side wall
Import 15 and acid waste water outlet 16, cathode chamber 2 is by cathode electrode, cationic membrane 14, acid waste water import 15 and acid waste water
Outlet 16 is constituted；Anode electrode 6 is set in anode chamber, and anode, which is used, offers life dirt on carbon brush electrode, the side wall of anode chamber
Water inlet 3 and sanitary sewage outlet 10, anode chamber is by the carbon brush anode of attachment electricity-producing microorganism, sanitary sewage import 3 and life
Outlet of sewer 10 and anion-exchange membrane composition；It is medial compartment 11, medial compartment between cationic membrane 14 and anionic membrane 13
Side wall on open up sea intake 4 and water outlet 7.
Outside in anode chamber 5 sets weak magnetic iron 17, and weak magnetic iron is common magnet, is offer horizontal magnetic field in anode chamber；
Strong magnet 12 is set outside medial compartment, and strong magnet is shape of a hoof neodymium iron boron strong magnet, vertical magnetic field 8, anode electricity are provided for medial compartment
Internal electric field 9 is formed between pole and cathode electrode.
Connected between anode electrode and cathode electrode by wire and connect battery, battery is connected with each road water pump 18,
Part electric energy is provided for water pump.
The depth-width ratio of reactor is 1:10~1:12.The width of reactor is that more than 50cm (is preferably in present embodiment
100cm).It is highly 5cm-15cm (being preferably 10cm in present embodiment), the thickness of medial compartment is 1mm-10mm (this embodiment party
It is preferably 2mm in formula).
Its carrying out practically process of desalter is as follows：
Device startup stage, cathode chamber adds M9 electrolyte, and anode chamber is inoculated with bacterium solution, and bacterium solution is by 2000mg/L containing organic matter
Sanitary sewage and the mixed bacterium solution of electricity production (conventional electricity production bacterium) 1:1 (volume ratio) is constituted, and the salinity that medial compartment adds inactive state is
About 3% seawater, starts reactor under the conditions of 30 DEG C, starts about 2 days time.The vertical magnetic field strength of medial compartment in processing procedure
For 10000Gs, the horizontal magnetic intensity of anode chamber is 2000Gs.
After device stable operation several cycles, anode chamber changes and controlled the life that COD is 500mg/L by peristaltic pump
Sewage enters water inlet, and flow of inlet water is 4.6m3/(m3D), the microorganism on anode electrode is made to obtain sufficient carbon source, while dirty
Water COD is effectively degraded；Cathode chamber is changed by peristaltic pump and controls the faintly acid waste water to be into water inlet flow of inlet water
9.2m3/(m3·d)。
After device stable operation several cycles, seawater raw water enters seawater inlet port by water pump with 1m/s flow velocity,
The water flowed out from seawater delivery port is merged by pipeline with raw water is pressed into medial compartment through water pump again, circulation is thusly-formed, with 1.5h
For a cycle.
After a cycle, sanitary sewage water outlet COD is reduced to 200mg/L, and seawater salinity is reduced to below 10g/L, and salt rejection rate reaches
To more than 66.7%.
Embodiment 2
Apparatus structure overall structure domain embodiment 1 is identical.
Device startup stage, cathode chamber adds M9 electrolyte, and anode chamber is inoculated with bacterium solution, and bacterium solution is by 2000mg/L containing organic matter
Sanitary sewage and the mixed bacterium solution of electricity production (conventional electricity production bacterium) 1:2 (volume ratios) are constituted, and the salinity that medial compartment adds inactive state is
About 3% seawater, starts reactor under the conditions of 30 DEG C, starts about 1 day time.The vertical magnetic field strength of medial compartment in processing procedure
For 10000Gs, the horizontal magnetic intensity of anode chamber is 2000Gs.
After device stable operation several cycles, change and control the sanitary sewage that COD is 500mg/L to enter by peristaltic pump
Enter water inlet, flow of inlet water is 2.3t/ (m3D), the microorganism on anode electrode is made to obtain sufficient carbon source, while COD of sewage
Effectively degraded；It is 9.2m that cathode chamber, which is changed by peristaltic pump and controls faintly acid waste water to enter water inlet flow of inlet water,3/
(m3·d)。
After device stable operation several cycles, seawater raw water enters seawater inlet port by water pump with 1m/s flow velocity,
From seawater delivery port flow out water by pipeline merge with raw water again through water pump press-in medial compartment, be thusly-formed circulation, using 3h as
A cycle.
After a cycle, sanitary sewage water outlet COD is reduced to 100mg/L, and seawater salinity is reduced to below 1.5g/L, and salt rejection rate reaches
To more than 95%.
Embodiment 3
Apparatus structure overall structure domain embodiment 1 is identical.
Device startup stage, cathode chamber adds M9 electrolyte, and anode chamber is inoculated with bacterium solution, and bacterium solution is by 2000mg/L containing organic matter
Sanitary sewage and the mixed bacterium solution of electricity production (conventional electricity production bacterium) 1:2 (volume ratios) are constituted, and the salinity that medial compartment adds inactive state is
About 3% seawater, starts reactor under the conditions of 30 DEG C, starts about 1 day time.The vertical magnetic field strength of medial compartment in processing procedure
For 10000Gs, the horizontal magnetic intensity of anode chamber is 2000Gs.
After device stable operation several cycles, change and control the sanitary sewage that COD is 300mg/L to enter by peristaltic pump
Enter water inlet, flow of inlet water is 4.6t/ (m3D), the microorganism on anode electrode is made to obtain sufficient carbon source, while COD of sewage
Effectively degraded；It is 9.2m that cathode chamber, which is changed by peristaltic pump and controls faintly acid waste water to enter water inlet flow of inlet water,3/
(m3·d)。
After device stable operation several cycles, seawater raw water enters seawater inlet port by water pump with 2m/s flow velocity,
From seawater delivery port flow out water by pipeline merge with raw water again through water pump press-in medial compartment, be thusly-formed circulation, using 6h as
A cycle.
After a cycle, sanitary sewage water outlet COD is reduced to below 80mg/L, and seawater salinity is reduced to 1g/L or so, salt rejection rate
Reach more than 96.7%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for carrying out desalination using the electromagnetic field couples desalter for having the dirty function of drop concurrently, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
In sanitary sewage feeding anode chamber, in acid waste water feeding cathode chamber, in seawater feeding medial compartment, start hanging down for medial compartment
Internal electric field in straight magnetic field, the horizontal magnetic field of anode chamber and reactor, carries out electromagnetic field couples desalination reaction, the life after purification
Outside sewage living, acid waste water and desalination water discharge reactor；The magnetic field intensity 6000Gs-12000Gs of medial compartment, the magnetic of anode chamber
Field intensity is 1500Gs-2500Gs；The seawater velocity of medial compartment is 0.5m/s-2m/s；The water inlet of cathode chamber is the weak of pH5~6
Acid waste water；
The electromagnetic field couples desalter includes being divided into anode chamber, medial compartment and the moon successively in reactor, the reactor
Pole room；
The anode chamber is exported with sanitary sewage import and sanitary sewage, built-in anode electrode；The medial compartment carries seawater
Import and water outlet；The cathode chamber is exported with acid waste water import and acid waste water, built-in cathode electrode；
Connected between the cathode electrode and anode electrode by wire；The cathode electrode is electric for the photocatalysis silicon of surface treatment
Pole；
Be additionally provided with outside the reactor in anode chamber provide horizontal magnetic field weak magnetic iron and be that vertical magnetic field is provided in medial compartment
Strong magnet.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the coolant-temperature gage of medial compartment is controlled at 25~35 DEG C.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of the anode electrode is carbon-based material.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the length of the anode chamber, medial compartment and cathode chamber along reactor
Degree direction is arranged successively, and the depth-width ratio of the reactor is 1:10~1:12.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the medial compartment is 1mm-10mm.
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| CN105541049B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2017-12-08 | 盐城市兰丰环境工程科技有限公司 | The processing system of anion surfactant in a kind of removal sanitary wastewater |
| CN105731725B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-04-24 | 广州市绿化公司 | The processing method of anion surfactant in a kind of removal sanitary wastewater |
| CN106396033B (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-06-19 | 太原理工大学 | The automatically controlled ion-exchange treatment metal ion method for waste water of electromagnetic coupling |
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