CN106784951A - A kind of device and method of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination - Google Patents

A kind of device and method of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106784951A
CN106784951A CN201611233745.8A CN201611233745A CN106784951A CN 106784951 A CN106784951 A CN 106784951A CN 201611233745 A CN201611233745 A CN 201611233745A CN 106784951 A CN106784951 A CN 106784951A
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desalination
chamber
reactor
anode
anolyte
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CN106784951B (en
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张慧超
安众
安众一
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Yantai University
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Yantai University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention belongs to seawater and brackish water desalination, microorganism electrochemical, microorganism desalination fuel cell field, it is related to a kind of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalter and method.Described device is made up of resistance, external circuit, anolyte delivery port, negative electrode and negative electrode biomembrane, catholyte, cation-exchange membrane, desalting chamber, catholyte water inlet, catholyte delivery port, cathode chamber top cover, anion-exchange membrane, anode and anode biomembrane, anolyte, tubular shell of reactor, anolyte water inlet, aeration head, support.Methods described step is as follows：（1）The anaerobic acclimation of anode microorganism；（2）The startup of MDC reactors；（3）The desalination operation of MDC；（4）Continuous stream ruuning situation.The method have the advantages that：Suitably apply in practice；Maximum power density can reach 6.21 W/m3；When continuous batch is run, desalination speed is 95.5 mg/h；Simple structure, easy to operate, cost is relatively low, and speed is higher.

Description

A kind of device and method of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination
Technical field
The present invention relates to seawater and brackish water desalination, microorganism electrochemical system, microorganism desalination fuel cell system neck Domain, more particularly to a kind of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalter and method.
Background technology
Microorganism desalination fuel cell（MDC）Be it is a kind of can and meanwhile produce electricity, the device of desalination and organics removal.Its base Originally it is configured as three cell structures, respectively anode chamber, desalting chamber and cathode chamber, anion exchange is placed between anode chamber and desalting chamber Film；Cation-exchange membrane is placed between desalting chamber and cathode chamber.Under anaerobic, the microorganism of anode surface decomposes anolyte Interior organic substrates, produce electronics and H+；Electronics reaches cathode surface by external circuit, is received by the electron acceptor of negative electrode, produces Raw electric current.In this process, because anode chamber produces a large amount of remaining H+, therefore, the Cl in desalting chamber-Handed over by anion Change film to enter into anode chamber, due to the effect of ionic equilibrium, Na+To be entered into cathode chamber by cation-exchange membrane, because This, the concentration of salt solution declines in desalting chamber.
MDC has caused the concern of numerous scholars since the proposition.But, in research before, more using the potassium ferricyanide Chemical cathode or Pt/C as catalyst air cathode.During the potassium ferricyanide is used as negative electrode, not only iron cyaniding Potassium is consumed and causes relatively costly, and the used potassium ferricyanide can cause secondary pollution to environment.And Pt/C conducts The air cathode of catalyst, although do not result in pollution, but Pt/C high costs, limit the possibility of its practical application.And from For on configuration, " H " type structure being used pre-existing reactors, the exchange area between anode chamber, cathode chamber and desalting chamber is smaller more, Desalting efficiency is not high.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind using microorganism as cathod catalyst, using oxygen as cathode electronics acceptor, Improve the tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination of the area of amberplex between desalting chamber and the anode chamber and the cathode chamber Device and method.The purpose that the device can reach to be reduced operating cost, improve desalination speed.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows：
A kind of device of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination, described device includes extrernal resistance, external circuit, anode Liquid delivery port, negative electrode and negative electrode biomembrane, catholyte, cation-exchange membrane, desalting chamber, catholyte water inlet, catholyte water outlet Mouth, cathode chamber top cover, anion-exchange membrane, anode and anode biomembrane, anolyte, tubular shell of reactor, anolyte water inlet Mouth, aeration head, support, desalting chamber's water inlet, desalting chamber's delivery port；
Described reactor is sleeve-like configuration, and reactor bottom is blind end, and top is opening end, and reactor is reacted by tubular The overcoat composition that the inner sleeve and anion-exchange membrane that device shell, cation-exchange membrane are made are made, the inner sleeve, overcoat and cylinder Shape shell of reactor is set with successively from the inside to the outside, and the bottom surface of inner sleeve and overcoat with tubular shell of reactor is affixed, and tubular is anti- Answer device shell to be supported by support, the space between inner sleeve and overcoat is desalting chamber, NaCl solution added in the desalting chamber, The concentration of NaCl solution is 5 ~ 35 g/L；The desalting chamber bottom is provided with desalting chamber's water inlet, and desalting chamber top is provided with desalting chamber Delivery port；Space between overcoat and tubular shell of reactor is anode chamber, and the space of inner sleeve is cathode chamber, the negative electrode ceiling Portion is equipped with cathode chamber top cover, and the negative electrode and negative electrode biomembrane are arranged in cathode chamber, and catholyte is full of in cathode chamber, and tubular is anti- Device outer casing bottom is answered to be provided with the catholyte water inlet communicated with cathode chamber, the cathode chamber top cover is provided with what is communicated with cathode chamber Catholyte delivery port, the aeration head is arranged on and tubular shell of reactor bottom and is communicated with cathode chamber, the anode and anode Biomembrane is arranged in anode chamber, and anolyte is full of in anode chamber, and the top and bottom of tubular shell of reactor side wall set successively There are the anolyte delivery port and anolyte water inlet communicated with anode chamber, negative electrode and anode are respectively adopted titanium silk and are connected with external circuit Connect, external circuit is connected using wire.
A kind of utilization said apparatus realize the method for tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination, methods described Comprise the following steps that：
Step one：The anaerobic acclimation of anode microorganism：The second pond activated sludge 2L of municipal sewage plant is taken, the activated sludge MLSS is 5000mg/L, is added in the closed glass jar of 5L, adds anolyte 2L, using magnetic stirrer, is detested Oxygen is tamed；Every 11h, 0.5h is precipitated, change supernatant 2L, rejoin new anolyte 2L, need to tame 72h altogether；
Step 2：The startup of reactor：When reactor is started, anode is living using the activated sludge that completion is tamed in step one Property sludge addition for anode building volume 10%, the indoor anolyte of anode is full of；Negative electrode using aerobic activated sludge or Sanitary sewage, described aerobic activated sludge addition is the 10% of negative electrode building volume, and described sanitary sewage addition is negative electrode Its complementary space is full of with catholyte in the 50% of building volume, cathode chamber；It is 35 g/L's during reactor start-up, in desalting chamber Salting liquid；External resistance is 2000 Ω, when external resistance both end voltage reaches 400 more than mV, that is, is started successfully；
Step 3：The desalination operation of reactor：After reactor start-up success, brine strength from 5g/L ~ 35 g/ is completed in desalting chamber The desalination operation of L, external resistance uses 1 ~ 200 Ω；When changing water using continuous batch, anolyte, catholyte are changed a collection of every 48h； When the electrical conductivity of salt solution in desalting chamber drops to 2 below mS/cm, the salting liquid in desalting chamber is changed, represent a desalination week Phase completes；
Step 4：Continuous stream ruuning situation：Reactor uses the continuous stream method of operation, and anode chamber utilizes peristaltic pump, using lower end Water inlet, delivery port water outlet by the way of nature overflow；Cathode chamber water inlet, water outlet use peristaltic pump, two peristaltic pumps to keep Same rotating speed；Salting liquid still takes continuous batch to run in desalting chamber, when electrical conductivity drops to 2 below mS/cm, changes desalting chamber Interior salting liquid, represents a desalination period and completes.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）The present invention realizes low cost operation MDC, is suitably applied in Practical Project；
（2）When using 1.64 g/L sodium acetates as substrate, the maximum power density of MDC can reach 6.21 W/m3；At continuous batch Under formula service condition, desalination speed is 95.5 mg/h；
（3）Simple structure of the present invention, it is easy to operate, while operating cost is reduced, improve desalination speed.
（4）Using tubular MDC, the exchange area between cathode chamber, anode chamber and desalting chamber improves more than 3 times.
（5）In the range of 150 ~ 250 ohm, extrernal resistance has preferable operational effect at 1 ~ 200 ohm for internal resistance of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the axonometric drawing of the device of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination；
Fig. 2 is that continuous batch runs voltage change figure in a desalination period；
Fig. 3 is that continuous batch runs desalting chamber's change in concentration figure in a desalination period.
In figure, extrernal resistance 1, external circuit 2, anolyte delivery port 3, negative electrode and negative electrode biomembrane 4, catholyte 5, cation exchange Film 6, desalting chamber 7, catholyte water inlet 8, catholyte delivery port 8a, cathode chamber top cover 9, anion-exchange membrane 10, anode and sun Pole biomembrane 11, anolyte 12, tubular shell of reactor 13, anolyte water inlet 14, aeration head 15, support 16, desalting chamber enter The mouth of a river 17, desalting chamber's delivery port 18.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but is not limited thereto, It is every technical scheme to be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the spirit and model of technical solution of the present invention Enclose, all should cover in protection scope of the present invention.
Specific embodiment one：As shown in figure 1, a kind of dress of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination Put, described device includes that extrernal resistance 1, external circuit 2, anolyte delivery port 3, negative electrode and negative electrode biomembrane 4, catholyte 5, cation are handed over Change film 6, desalting chamber 7, catholyte water inlet 8, catholyte delivery port 8a, cathode chamber top cover 9, anion-exchange membrane 10, anode and Anode biomembrane 11, anolyte 12, tubular shell of reactor 13, anolyte water inlet 14, aeration head 15, support 16（Using having Machine glass material is made）, desalting chamber's water inlet 17（It is made of pmma material）, desalting chamber's delivery port 18（Using organic Glass material is made）；
Described reactor is sleeve-like configuration, and reactor bottom is blind end, and top is opening end, and reactor is reacted by tubular Device shell 13（Material is lucite, and thickness is 5mm）, the inner sleeve that is made of cation-exchange membrane 6 and anion-exchange membrane 10 The overcoat composition being made, the inner sleeve, overcoat and tubular shell of reactor 13 are set with successively from the inside to the outside, and inner sleeve and overcoat are equal Bottom surface with tubular shell of reactor 13 is affixed, and tubular shell of reactor 13 is supported by support 16, between inner sleeve and overcoat Space is desalting chamber 7（Spacing between inner sleeve and overcoat is 10mm）, NaCl solution, NaCl solution are added in the desalting chamber 7 Concentration be 5 ~ 35 g/L（Concentration is higher, and desalination speed is bigger）；The desalting chamber bottom is provided with desalting chamber's water inlet 17, desalination Room top is provided with desalting chamber's delivery port 18；Space between overcoat and tubular shell of reactor 13 is anode chamber（Overcoat and reaction Spacing between device shell 13 is 10mm）, the space of inner sleeve is cathode chamber（Negative electrode chamber radius are 30mm）, the cathode chamber top Equipped with cathode chamber top cover 9（The a diameter of 60mm of cathode chamber top cover 9）, the negative electrode and negative electrode biomembrane 4（Cathode material can select carbon The material based on carbon fiber such as brush, carbon felt）It is arranged in cathode chamber, catholyte 5 is full of in cathode chamber, outside tubular reactor The bottom of shell 13 is provided with the catholyte water inlet 8 communicated with cathode chamber, and the cathode chamber top cover 9 is provided with the moon communicated with cathode chamber Pole liquid delivery port 8a, the aeration head 15 is arranged on the bottom of tubular shell of reactor 13 and is communicated with cathode chamber（Aeration head bottom Connection aeration pump）, the anode and anode biomembrane 11（Its material can be identical with negative electrode material）It is arranged in anode chamber, anode Interior is full of anolyte 12, and the top and bottom of the side wall of tubular shell of reactor 13 are sequentially provided with the anolyte communicated with anode chamber Delivery port 3 and anolyte water inlet 14, negative electrode and anode are respectively adopted titanium silk and are connected with external circuit 2, and the extrernal resistance 1 is arranged on It is connected between negative electrode and anode and with the wire of external circuit 2.
Specific embodiment two：As shown in figure 1, the tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination described in specific embodiment one The device of fuel cell desalination, the resistance value when extrernal resistance 1 starts is 500 ~ 2000 Ω, the resistance value of operation phase for 10 ~ 200Ω。
Specific embodiment three：As shown in figure 1, the tubular biological-cathode microbiological described in specific embodiment one or two The device of desalination fuel cell desalination, the composition and proportioning of the catholyte 5 are NaHCO32 g/L, KH2PO4 4.4 g/L, K2HPO4•3H2O 3.4 g/L, NH4Cl 1 g/L, MgCl2•6H2O 0.1 g/L, CaCl2•2H2The g/L of O 0.1, yeast extract The 0.1 g/L and mL of Trace Metal solution 10；The composition of the micro- metallic solution and proportioning are：NiCl2·6H2O 0.024 g/L；Na2WO4·2H2O 0.025 g/L；Na2MoO40.025 g/L；FeSO4·7H2O 0.1 g/L；CaCl2· 2H2O 0.1 g/L；CoCl2·6H2O 0.1 g/L；CuSO4·5H2O 0.01 g/L；KAl(SO4)2·12H2O 0.01 g/L； The g/L of boric acid 0.01；The g/L of zinc chloride 0.13；The g/L of manganese sulfate 0.5；The g/L of nitrilotriacetic acid 2.0；The g/L of magnesium sulfate 3.0；
The composition of the anolyte and proportioning are：Sodium acetate 1.64 g/L, KH2PO44.4g/L、K2HPO4•3H2O3.4 g/L、 NH4Cl1g/L、MgCl2•6H2O 0.1g/L、CaCl2•2H2O0.1 g/L, yeast extract 0.1g/L and Trace Metal solution 10 mL；The composition and proportioning of the Trace Metal solution are identical with the micro- metallic solution of catholyte 5.
Specific embodiment four：As shown in figure 1, the device described in a kind of utilization specific embodiment one, two or three is realized The method of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination, methods described is comprised the following steps that：
Step one：The anaerobic acclimation of anode microorganism：The second pond activated sludge 2L of municipal sewage plant is taken, the activated sludge MLSS is 5000mg/L, is added in the closed glass jar of 5L, adds the 2L of anolyte 12, using magnetic stirrer, is carried out Anaerobic acclimation；Every 11h, 0.5h is precipitated, change supernatant 2L, rejoin the new 2L of anolyte 12, need to tame 72h altogether；
Step 2：The startup of reactor：When reactor is started, anode is living using the activated sludge that completion is tamed in step one Property sludge addition for anode building volume 10%, the indoor anolyte 12 of anode is full of；Negative electrode using aerobic activated sludge or Person's sanitary sewage, described aerobic activated sludge addition is the 10% of negative electrode building volume, and described sanitary sewage addition is the moon Its complementary space catholyte 5 is full of in the 50% of pole room volume, cathode chamber；It is 35 during reactor start-up, in desalting chamber 7 The salting liquid of g/L（Without changing, catholyte 5 needs regular replenishment to anolyte 12）；External resistance 1 is 2000 Ω, when 1 liang of external resistance Terminal voltage reaches 400 more than mV, that is, start successfully；
Step 3：The desalination operation of reactor：After reactor start-up success, brine strength from 5g/L ~ 35 is completed in desalting chamber 7 The desalination operation of g/L, external resistance 1 uses 1 ~ 200 Ω（External resistance 1 is smaller, and desalting effect is better）；When changing water using continuous batch, Anolyte 12, catholyte 5 are changed a collection of every 48h；When the electrical conductivity of salt solution in desalting chamber 7 drops to 2 below mS/cm, The salting liquid in desalting chamber 7 is changed, a desalination period is represented and is completed；
Step 4：Continuous stream ruuning situation：Reactor uses the continuous stream method of operation, and anode chamber utilizes peristaltic pump, using lower end Water inlet, delivery port water outlet by the way of nature overflow；Cathode chamber water inlet, water outlet use peristaltic pump, two peristaltic pumps to keep Same rotating speed；Salting liquid still takes continuous batch to run in desalting chamber, when electrical conductivity drops to 2 below mS/cm, changes desalting chamber Interior salting liquid, represents a desalination period and completes；
Step 5：Three Room continuous stream ruuning situations：Anode chamber, desalting chamber, cathode chamber are respectively adopted the continuous stream method of operation.Its In, anode chamber and the cathode chamber continuous stream method of operation are identical with step 4, and desalting chamber's Inlet and outlet water is respectively adopted peristaltic pump and carries out, under End water inlet, upper end water outlet；The method is applicable desalting chamber inner salt water conductivity 5 ~ 10mS/cm of concentration, salt solution in control desalting chamber Water conservancy residence time, water outlet conductivity can reach below 2mS/cm.
Embodiment 1：
This reactor is sleeve-like configuration, and outside uses lucite, interior to be separated by by anions and canons exchange membrane, and negative electrode uses 4 pieces The carbon felt of 3 × 3 × 1cm as negative electrode, between be connected with the carbon-point of a diameter of 5mm, a diameter of 60mm of cathode chamber is highly 200mm, after electrode material is added, the effective volume of cathode chamber is about 510cm3.Spacing is between desalting chamber and cathode chamber 10mm（As shown in Figure 2）, the effective volume of desalting chamber is about 435cm3.Anode electrode uses 3 piece of 3 × 5 × 0.8 carbon felt of cm, It is connected with titanium silk between carbon felt, effective volume is about 515cm3。
The startup of anode and biological-cathode, all can be using activated sludge, city domestic sewage, river bed bed mud etc. as inoculation Source.In starting cathode, the inoculation source being first inoculated with, with anode culture medium as substrate, is tamed under conditions of anaerobism 72h.When MDC is started, anode and negative electrode add the ratio of activated sludge to be 10%（V/V）Or sanitary sewage 50%（V/V）.Open It is the salting liquid of 35 g/L during dynamic, in desalting chamber；Using the Starting mode of continuous batch, in this process, anolyte is not Need to change, catholyte regular replenishment.In start-up course, external resistance is 2000 Ω, when external resistance both end voltage reaches 400 mV More than, and when that can stablize two cycles of operation, you can calculate to start successfully.
When changing aqueous mode using continuous batch, exchange water cycle is 48h, when external resistance is 200 Ω, using the data of Keithley 2700 Acquisition system gathers external resistance both end voltage.Initial brine strength is 35 g/L, in a desalination period, its voltage change As shown in Fig. 2 brine strength is as shown in Figure 3 in its desalting chamber：
The present invention can both be run using continuous stream again using continuous batch operation.Under continuous batch ruuning situation, when external resistance two When terminal voltage drops to certain numerical value, represent an exchange water cycle and terminate.When brine strength drops to relatively low numerical value in desalting chamber When, represent a desalination period and terminate.The present invention under continuous stream service condition, by peristaltic pump, adopt by anode chamber, cathode chamber With lower end water inlet, the condition of upper end water outlet.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of device of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination, it is characterised in that：Described device includes outer Resistance（1）, external circuit（2）, anolyte delivery port（3）, negative electrode and negative electrode biomembrane（4）, catholyte（5）, cation-exchange membrane （6）, desalting chamber（7）, catholyte water inlet（8）, catholyte delivery port（8a）, cathode chamber top cover（9）, anion-exchange membrane （10）, anode and anode biomembrane（11）, anolyte（12）, tubular shell of reactor（13）, anolyte water inlet（14）, aeration Head（15）, support（16）, desalting chamber's water inlet（17）, desalting chamber's delivery port（18）；
Described reactor is sleeve-like configuration, and reactor bottom is blind end, and top is opening end, and reactor is reacted by tubular Device shell（13）, cation-exchange membrane（6）The inner sleeve and anion-exchange membrane being made（10）The overcoat composition being made, it is described interior Set, overcoat and tubular shell of reactor（13）Be set with successively from the inside to the outside, and inner sleeve and overcoat with tubular shell of reactor （13）Bottom surface it is affixed, tubular shell of reactor（13）By support（16）Support, the space between inner sleeve and overcoat is desalination Room（7）, the desalting chamber（7）Interior addition NaCl solution, the concentration of NaCl solution is 5 ~ 35 g/L；The desalting chamber bottom is provided with Desalting chamber's water inlet（17）, desalting chamber top is provided with desalting chamber's delivery port（18）；Overcoat and tubular shell of reactor（13）Between Space be anode chamber, the space of inner sleeve is cathode chamber, and the cathode chamber top is equipped with cathode chamber top cover（9）, the negative electrode and Negative electrode biomembrane（4）It is arranged in cathode chamber, catholyte is full of in cathode chamber（5）, tubular shell of reactor（13）Bottom is provided with The catholyte water inlet communicated with cathode chamber（8）, the cathode chamber top cover（9）It is provided with the catholyte water outlet communicated with cathode chamber Mouthful（8a）, the aeration head（15）Installed in tubular shell of reactor（13）Bottom simultaneously communicates with cathode chamber, the anode and sun Pole biomembrane（11）It is arranged in anode chamber, anolyte is full of in anode chamber（12）, tubular shell of reactor（13）Side wall it is upper End and lower end are sequentially provided with the anolyte delivery port communicated with anode chamber（3）With anolyte water inlet（14）, negative electrode and anode divide Cai Yong not titanium silk and external circuit（2）It is connected, external circuit（2）It is connected using wire.
2. a kind of device of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination according to claim 1, its feature It is：The extrernal resistance（1）Resistance value during startup is 500 ~ 2000 Ω, and the resistance value of operation phase is 10 ~ 200 Ω.
3. a kind of device of tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination according to claim 1, its feature It is：The catholyte（5）Composition and proportioning be NaHCO32 g/L, KH2PO4 4.4 g/L, K2HPO4•3H2O 3.4 g/ L, NH4Cl 1 g/L, MgCl2•6H2O 0.1 g/L, CaCl2•2H2O 0.1 g/L, the g/L of yeast extract 0.1 and micro gold Category solution 10 mL；The composition of the micro- metallic solution and proportioning are：NiCl2·6H2O 0.024 g/L；Na2WO4· 2H2O 0.025 g/L；Na2MoO40.025 g/L；FeSO4·7H2O 0.1 g/L；CaCl2·2H2O 0.1 g/L；CoCl2· 6H2O 0.1 g/L；CuSO4·5H2O 0.01 g/L；KAl(SO4)2·12H2O 0.01 g/L；The g/L of boric acid 0.01；Chlorination The g/L of zinc 0.13；The g/L of manganese sulfate 0.5；The g/L of nitrilotriacetic acid 2.0；The g/L of magnesium sulfate 3.0；
The composition of the anolyte and proportioning are：Sodium acetate 1.64 g/L, KH2PO44.4g/L、K2HPO4•3H2O3.4 g/L、 NH4Cl1g/L、MgCl2•6H2O 0.1g/L、CaCl2•2H2O0.1 g/L, yeast extract 0.1g/L and Trace Metal solution 10 mL；The composition and proportioning and catholyte of the Trace Metal solution（5）Micro- metallic solution it is identical.
4. the device described in a kind of utilization claim 1,2 or 3 realizes tubular biological-cathode microbiological desalination fuel cell desalination Method, it is characterised in that：Methods described is comprised the following steps that：
Step one：The anaerobic acclimation of anode microorganism：The second pond activated sludge 2L of municipal sewage plant is taken, the activated sludge MLSS is 5000mg/L, is added in the closed glass jar of 5L, adds anolyte（12）2L, using magnetic stirrer, enters Row anaerobic acclimation；Every 11h, 0.5h is precipitated, change supernatant 2L, rejoin new anolyte（12）2L, needs domestication altogether 72h；
Step 2：The startup of reactor：When reactor is started, anode is living using the activated sludge that completion is tamed in step one Property sludge addition for anode building volume 10%, the indoor anolyte of anode（12）It is full of；Negative electrode uses aerobic activated sludge Or sanitary sewage, described aerobic activated sludge addition is the 10% of negative electrode building volume, and described sanitary sewage addition is Its complementary space catholyte in the 50% of negative electrode building volume, cathode chamber（5）It is full of；During reactor start-up, desalting chamber（7）It is interior It is the salting liquid of 35 g/L；External resistance（1）It is 2000 Ω, works as external resistance（1）Both end voltage reaches 400 more than mV, that is, start Success；
Step 3：The desalination operation of reactor：After reactor start-up success, desalting chamber（7）It is interior to complete brine strength from 5g/L ~ 35 The desalination operation of g/L, external resistance（1）Using 1 ~ 200 Ω；When changing water using continuous batch, anolyte（12）, catholyte（5）Every 48h, changes a collection of；Work as desalting chamber（7）When the electrical conductivity of interior salt solution drops to 2 below mS/cm, desalting chamber is changed（7）Interior salt Solution, represents a desalination period and completes；
Step 4：Continuous stream ruuning situation：Reactor uses the continuous stream method of operation, and anode chamber utilizes peristaltic pump, using lower end Water inlet, delivery port water outlet by the way of nature overflow；Cathode chamber water inlet, water outlet use peristaltic pump, two peristaltic pumps to keep Same rotating speed；Salting liquid still takes continuous batch to run in desalting chamber, when electrical conductivity drops to 2 below mS/cm, changes desalting chamber Interior salting liquid, represents a desalination period and completes.
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