CN104614970A - Optical scanning holographic image edge extracting method based on double-hole pupil - Google Patents
Optical scanning holographic image edge extracting method based on double-hole pupil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An optical scanning holographic image edge extracting method based on a double-hole pupil belongs to the technical field of the optical scanning holographic technology. The method includes the following steps: 1 arranging the double-hole pupil to be that P2a (x, y)= sigma (x-x1, y-y1) to obtain a first Fresnel zone plate h1 and conduct first two-dimensional holographic scanning to obtain a hologram s1; 2 arranging the double-hole pupil to be that P2b (x, y)= sigma (x-x2, y-y2) to obtain a second Fresnel zone plate h2 and conduct second two-dimensional holographic scanning to obtain a hologram s2 to record more object high frequency information; 3 conducting Fourier transform on the holograms obtained through the two-dimensional holographic scanning, and a conjugate gradient method is introduced to conduct inverse problem solving. The method is simple in structure and easy to operate, has high practicability, can achieve edge extraction of clear objects and has high application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical holography imaging field, relate to optical scanning holographic technique and 3 Dimension Image Technique.
Background technology
Optical scanning holographic technique (Optical Scanning Holography, OSH) be one in Digital Holography, interference formation Fresnel single-slit diffraction (FresnelZone Plate is carried out by light beam being divided into two different wavefront, FZP), and then the high resolution three-dimensional imaging realized target object, it all has wide practical use in fields such as biomedical imaging, distortion measurement, Particle measurement, optical microphotograph and remote optical sensings.
By the two-dimensional hologram that optical scanning holographic technique obtains, contain the three-dimensional information that sample is complete, the marginal information therefore how extracting sample image by hologram becomes the study hotspot of optical scanning holography.Image border is the most basic feature of image, the rim detection of image is also one of important foundation content of image procossing, specifically for optical scanning holography, its difficult point is how by extracting effective reproduced image marginal information in the hologram of two dimension.
' Edge detection of three-dimensional objects by manipulating pupilfunctions in an optical scanning holography system ' proposes a kind of pre-service edge extracting method based on pupil design to document, by the pupil of two in OSH system being designed to respectively an impulse function (Diracdelta function) and Laplce's Gaussian function (Laplacian of the Guassian), thus realize the edge extracting of image, but need to do larger change to experimental system.
' Edge-preserving sectional image reconstruction in optical scanningholography ' proposes and a kind ofly utilizes the nonnegativity restrictions method of total variance and the method for gradient projection document, the method can strengthen section image, thus extraction marginal information, but algorithm complex is higher.
Document ' becomes the method that whirlpool bundle extracts hologram marginal information when Edge extraction using a time-varying vortex beam in incoherent digitalholography ' proposes a kind of utilization, by introducing spiral phase plate as one of them pupil in OSH system, thus when obtaining, change whirlpool bundle carrys out extract as edge.The method can obtain marginal information comparatively clearly, but experimental system complexity also has rising to a certain degree.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of optical scanning hologram image edge extracting method based on diplopore pupil.In the holographic imaging record stage, by introducing diplopore pupil, thus the Fresnel single-slit diffraction that generation two is different respectively, then utilize these two Fresnel single-slit diffraction to scan same sample, obtain two groups of holograms, to record more object high-frequency information; Reappear the stage in holographic imaging, by Fourier transform, the hologram in spatial domain is transformed into frequency domain, next recycling method of conjugate gradient and inverse fourier transform, realize image edge and the video picture of itself respectively.The method structure is simple, and convenient operation, has very strong practicality, can realize image edge extracting clearly.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of optical scanning hologram image edge extracting method based on diplopore pupil, and its system architecture as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: angular frequency is that the light of ω is divided into two parts by polarization beam apparatus (Beam Splitter, BS), wherein a part is by the first pupil P
1(x, y) forms plane wave P
1(x, y)=1; Another part after acousto-optic modulator (Acoustic Optical Frequency Shifter, AOFS) produces the frequency displacement of Ω again by the second pupil P
2(x, y).Here, the second pupil P
2(x, y) is realized by transmission-type liquid crystal spatial light modulator (Spacial LightModulator, SLM).By regulating the voltage's distribiuting of spatial light modulator, the second pupil P can be made
2(x, y) is operated in two states: (1) P
2a(x, y)=δ (x-x
1, y-y
1), and (2) P
2b(x, y)=δ (x-x
2, y-y
2), to produce the different spherical wave in two centers; Wherein, x
1≠ x
2, y
1≠ y
2, represent the second pupil P respectively
2(x, y) at x, the spatial offset in y-axis; During first time hologram record, will respectively by the first pupil P
1(x, y) and the second pupil P
2athe two-beam of (x, y) is combined through polarization beam apparatus, testee produces interfere to form Fresnel single-slit diffraction h
1, utilize Scan mirror control h
1deflection, thus realize two-dimensional scan to three-dimensional sample.Lens 3 for collecting transmitted light by sample and scattered light, and are sent into photodetector.The outer spill current produced exports through process such as mixing, filtering, amplifications, produces demodulating information and is stored in computing machine.The information stored is h
1coded image, is essentially the hologram containing sample three-dimensional information.
The space impulse response of this optical scanning holophotal system, i.e. Fresnel single-slit diffraction h
1can be expressed as
Wherein x, y, z represent volume coordinate, and k is the wave number of light.As can be seen from (1) formula, for a certain axial location z, Fresnel single-slit diffraction is a two-dimensional symmetric function about x, y, and symcenter is (x
1, y
1).
Suppose complex function
the amplitude information of representative sample, then the two-dimensional hologram that this sample obtains after optical system scans can be expressed as
Wherein * represents two-dimensional convolution.Testing sample is regarded as the set of series of discrete section, sliding-model control can be carried out to axial coordinate z, be expressed as z
1, z
2..., z
n, represent the axial location at different section place respectively.The two-dimensional hologram that so (2) formula characterizes can be expressed as
Assumes samples only comprises a section, then (3) formula can be reduced to
We will
be converted to one dimension vector matrix ψ.If testing sample is the matrix of a N × N, then ψ is length is N
2one dimension vector matrix.Equally, the two-dimensional hologram s of sample
1(x, y) and Fresnel single-slit diffraction h
1(x, y, z
1) also can be separately converted to length be N
2one dimension vector matrix S
1and H
1.
Like this, (4) formula can be expressed as
S
1＝H
1ψ+n
1(5)
Wherein n
1the white Gaussian noise of representative system is length is N
2one dimension vector matrix.
Step 2: the voltage regulating spatial light modulator, by P
2(x, y) is set to P
2b(x, y)=δ (x-x
2, y-y
2), wherein, x
1≠ x
2, y
1≠ y
2, thus obtain the spherical wave of Centre position deviation.New spherical wave and other a branch of plane wave are combined through polarization beam apparatus, testee produce and interferes formation second Fresnel single-slit diffraction (h
2).
The space impulse response of this optical scanning holophotal system, i.e. Fresnel single-slit diffraction (h
2) can be expressed as
(6) formula and (1) formula are contrasted and can find out, by regulating the second pupil P
2(x, y), can utilize same set of optical system, and design realizes different Fresnel single-slit diffraction, to obtain more object high-frequency information.
By scanning same testing sample, second group of sample holograms can be obtained.This process same can be characterized by
Matrix equation is
(8)
S
2＝H
2ψ+n
2
The matrix equation of twice two-dimension holographic scanning is integrated, can be expressed as
Step 3: utilize the hologram of twice two-dimensional scan to carry out the reproduction of holographic imaging.Reappear the stage in holographic imaging, first by Fourier transform, the hologram in spatial domain is transformed into frequency domain, next recycling method of conjugate gradient and inverse fourier transform, realize image edge and the video picture of itself respectively.Holographic imaging reappears, and namely when known S, will solve target vector ψ.Solving of this problem can be converted into following minimization problem,
Wherein || .|| represents second order norm, and λ >0 is penalty factor, and C is Laplce's Gauss operator, and it is in the nature Hi-pass filter, can be used in the edge extracting of image.The solution of this minimization problem can be expressed as
(H
+H+λC
+C)f(ψ)＝H
+G (11)
Wherein H
+for the conjugate transpose of matrix H.By introducing conjugate gradient algorithm, edge extracting and image reproduction can be realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: form different Fresnel single-slit diffraction by utilizing diplopore pupil and testing sample is scanned respectively, obtain two two-dimensional holograms, thus record more object high-frequency information, then Fourier transform is passed through, the hologram in spatial domain is transformed into frequency domain, recycling method of conjugate gradient and inverse fourier transform, realize image edge and the video picture of itself respectively.The method structure is simple, is easy to operation, can realizes image edge extracting clearly, have important using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is basic block diagram of the present invention (BS: polarization beam apparatus, AOFS: acousto-optic modulator, lens: lens, 2D scan: two-dimensional scan, detector: photodetector);
Fig. 2 is testing sample schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the second pupil P in the specific embodiment of the invention
2a(x, y) and P
2bthe Fresnel figure that (x, y) is corresponding;
Fig. 4 is the second pupil P in the specific embodiment of the invention
2a(x, y) and P
2b(x, y) scans the sinusoidal hologram of acquisition respectively;
Fig. 5 is that the sample image adopting classic method to obtain reappears effect;
Fig. 6 is that the sample image obtained in the specific embodiment of the invention reappears effect: comprise image itself and marginal information thereof.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
Based on an optical scanning hologram image edge extracting method for diplopore pupil, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: diplopore pupil is set to P
2a(x, y)=δ (x-x
1, y-y
1), obtain first Fresnel single-slit diffraction h
1, carry out first time two-dimension holographic scanning, obtain hologram.
Step 2: diplopore pupil is set to P
2b(x, y)=δ (x-x
2, y-y
2), obtain second Fresnel single-slit diffraction h
2, carry out the scanning of second time two-dimension holographic, obtain hologram.
Step 3: the hologram of twice two-dimension holographic scanning is carried out Fourier transform, introduces method of conjugate gradient and carries out reverse temperature intensity.
As shown in Figure 1, the single wavelength light source centre wavelength of use is 632nm to the present embodiment concrete structure.As shown in Figure 2, sample place axial location is z=34mm to the testing sample adopted in the present embodiment, and section is of a size of 1mm × 1mm, and matrix size is 512 × 512.
First the second pupil is set to P
2a(x, y)=δ (x-x
1, y-y
1), wherein x
1=0mm, y
1=0mm, carries out first time two-dimension holographic scanning, obtains hologram s
1.
Then the second pupil is set to P
2(x, y)=δ (x-x
2, y-y
2), wherein x
2=0.8mm, y
2=0mm, carries out the scanning of second time two-dimension holographic, obtains hologram s
2.
In twice sweep, the Fresnel figure that different pupil obtains as shown in Figure 3.From Fig. 3 (a) and (b), by changing the position of pupil, the more high-frequency information of object can be recorded, thus realize strengthening and the extraction of image marginal information.The sinusoidal hologram that twice sweep obtains as shown in Figure 4.As seen from Figure 4, we cannot obtain the information of any testing sample from hologram.
Next, we compare two kinds of slice imaging methods: (1) traditional sample image replay method, namely carry out convolution by the Fresnel zone plate conjugate function of section place and sample holograms; (2) based on the edge extracting method of diplopore pupil.Fig. 5 (a) and (b) respectively illustrate and utilize hologram s
1with hologram s
2carry out the result of traditional images reproduction, can find out, the effect that traditional images reappears is very undesirable, and image border is very fuzzy.And adopt method of the present invention, then can distinguish image and marginal information thereof completely, its result is as shown in Fig. 6 (a) He (b).This means, the inventive method successfully by image edge extraction out.
Embodiment proves, by introducing diplopore pupil, different Fresnel single-slit diffraction can be utilized to scan testing sample, obtain two groups of holograms, thus record more object high-frequency information, next utilize Fourier transform that hologram is transformed into frequency domain, introduce conjugate gradient algorithm and solve.The method structure is simple, is easy to operation, has very strong practicality, can realize image edge clearly and extract, have important using value.
Claims (2)
1., based on an optical scanning hologram image edge extracting method for diplopore pupil, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step one: angular frequency, by polarization beam apparatus, is that the light of ω is divided into two parts by light beam, wherein a part is by the first pupil P
1(x, y) forms plane wave P
1(x, y)=1; Another part passes through the second pupil P again after the frequency displacement that acousto-optic modulator produces Ω
2(x, y);
By regulating the voltage's distribiuting of the second pupil, the second pupil P can be made
2(x, y) is operated in two states: (1) P
2a(x, y)=δ (x-x
1, y-y
1), and (2) P
2b(x, y)=δ (x-x
2, y-y
2), to produce the different spherical wave in two centers, wherein, x
1≠ x
2, y
1≠ y
2, represent the second pupil P respectively
2(x, y) at x, the spatial offset in y-axis;
During first time hologram record, will respectively by the first pupil P
1(x, y) and the second pupil P
2athe two-beam of (x, y) is combined through polarization beam apparatus, testee produces interfere to form Fresnel single-slit diffraction h
1, utilize Scan mirror control h
1deflection, thus realize two-dimensional scan to three-dimensional sample; Lens 3 for collecting transmitted light by sample and scattered light, and are sent into photodetector; The outer spill current produced exports through process such as mixing, filtering, amplifications, produces demodulating information and is stored in computing machine; The information stored is h
1coded image, is essentially the hologram containing sample three-dimensional information;
The space impulse response of this optical scanning holophotal system, i.e. Fresnel single-slit diffraction h
1can be expressed as
Wherein x, y, z represent volume coordinate, and k is the wave number of light; As can be seen from (1) formula, for a certain axial location z, Fresnel single-slit diffraction is a two-dimensional symmetric function about x, y, and symcenter is (x
1, y
1);
Suppose complex function
the amplitude information of representative sample, then the two-dimensional hologram that this sample obtains after optical system scans can represent
Wherein * represents two-dimensional convolution; Testing sample is regarded as the set of series of discrete section, sliding-model control can be carried out to axial coordinate z, be expressed as z
1, z
2..., z
n, represent the axial location at different section place respectively, the two-dimensional hologram that so (2) formula characterizes can be expressed as
Assumes samples only comprises a section, then (3) formula can be reduced to
Will
be converted to one dimension vector matrix ψ, if testing sample is the matrix of a N × N, then ψ is length is N
2one dimension vector matrix; Equally, the two-dimensional hologram s of sample
1(x, y) and Fresnel single-slit diffraction h
1(x, y, z
1) also can be separately converted to length be N
2one dimension vector matrix S
1and H
1;
Like this, (4) formula can be expressed as
S
1＝H
1ψ+n
1(5)
Wherein n
1the white Gaussian noise of representative system is length is N
2one dimension vector matrix.
Step 2: the voltage regulating the second pupil modulator, by P
2(x, y) is set to P
2b(x, y)=δ (x-x
2, y-y
2), wherein, x
1≠ x
2, y
1≠ y
2, thus obtain the spherical wave of Centre position deviation, new spherical wave and other a branch of plane wave are combined through polarization beam apparatus, testee produce and interferes formation second Fresnel single-slit diffraction (h
2);
The space impulse response of this optical scanning holophotal system, i.e. Fresnel single-slit diffraction (h
2) can be expressed as
By scanning same testing sample, can obtain second group of sample holograms, this process can be characterized by equally
Matrix equation is
S
2＝H
2ψ+n
2(8)
The matrix equation of twice two-dimension holographic scanning is integrated, can be expressed as
Step 3: utilize the hologram of twice two-dimensional scan to carry out the reproduction of holographic imaging; Holographic imaging reappears, and namely when known S, will solve target vector ψ, solving of this problem is converted into following minimization problem,
Wherein || .|| represents second order norm, and λ >0 is penalty factor, and C is Laplce's Gauss operator, and it is in the nature Hi-pass filter, can be used in the edge extracting of image; The solution of this minimization problem is expressed as
(H
+H+λC
+C)f(ψ)＝H
+G (11)
Wherein H
+for the conjugate transpose of matrix H; By introducing conjugate gradient algorithm, edge extracting and image reproduction can be realized.
2. a kind of optical scanning hologram image edge extracting method based on diplopore pupil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described second pupil is transmission-type liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
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| CN107015466A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-04 | 电子科技大学 | The holographic one-point positioning method of optical scanner based on TR MUSIC algorithms |
| CN107145053A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-08 | 电子科技大学 | The holographic axially position method of optical scanner based on TR MUSIC algorithms |
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| CN109884869A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-14 | 重庆邮电大学 | One kind calculating holographic imaging systems and method based on dicoria heterodyne |
| CN112987528A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for realizing edge extraction of annular light based on 4f system |
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| CN105204311B (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2018-05-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of optical scanner holography edge detection method based on Gauss apodization |
| CN105184295A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-23 | 电子科技大学 | Holographic scanning space distance extracting method based on wavelet transform and connected domain |
| CN105184295B (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2018-08-21 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of holoscan space length extracting method based on wavelet transformation and connected domain |
| CN105403509B (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2018-04-17 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Anisotropy Boundary Extraction device based on vortex light difference frequency sweep |
| CN105403509A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-03-16 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Anisotropic boundary extraction apparatus base on difference frequency scanning with vortex beams |
| CN105549370A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Synthetic aperture digital holographic method and device based on multichannel low-frequency heterodyne |
| CN105549370B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-11-09 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Synthetic aperture digital hologram method and device based on multichannel low frequency heterodyne |
| CN107015466A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-04 | 电子科技大学 | The holographic one-point positioning method of optical scanner based on TR MUSIC algorithms |
| CN107015466B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2019-07-19 | 电子科技大学 | Optical scanner holography one-point positioning method based on TR-MUSIC algorithm |
| CN107145053A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-08 | 电子科技大学 | The holographic axially position method of optical scanner based on TR MUSIC algorithms |
| CN109597291A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-09 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of optical scanner hologram image recognition methods based on convolutional neural networks |
| CN109884869A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-14 | 重庆邮电大学 | One kind calculating holographic imaging systems and method based on dicoria heterodyne |
| CN112987528A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for realizing edge extraction of annular light based on 4f system |
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Application publication date: 20150513 |