CN104612020A - Structure of water-permeable pavement - Google Patents
Structure of water-permeable pavement Download PDFInfo
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- CN104612020A CN104612020A CN201510026264.9A CN201510026264A CN104612020A CN 104612020 A CN104612020 A CN 104612020A CN 201510026264 A CN201510026264 A CN 201510026264A CN 104612020 A CN104612020 A CN 104612020A
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- water
- permeable
- pipe
- permeability cell
- support
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
- E01C11/226—Coherent pavings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a structure of a water-permeable pavement. The structure comprises a water-permeable layer and a gravel grading layer arranged below the water-permeable layer, wherein the water-permeable layer is formed by condensing concrete poured into a water-permeable support, the water-permeable support comprises a plurality of parallel hollow water-permeable and air-permeable pipes as well as a latticed supporting frame which is used for supporting the water-permeable and air-permeable pipes and formed by connecting multiple rod pieces in a crisscross manner, the water-permeable and air-permeable pipes are placed vertically, the supporting frame is placed vertically, and bottom supports are arranged at bottom ends of the plurality of water-permeable pipes and/or the air-permeable pipes. Thus, the structure of the water-permeable pavement is more stable, and the water permeability and the water storage performance of the water-permeable pavement are enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to highway construction technical field, particularly relate to a kind of percolating water paving structure.
Background technology
Because current economy develops rapidly, we constantly change by the environment of life, and the paces of urbanization are accelerated day by day, and highrise building constantly increases, and road also constantly to be widened and extended, be presented in people at the moment be that high building stands in great numbers, bridge scene in length and breadth.But following one by one problem is, vegetation is constantly destroyed, although devise a lot of greenbelts in the development plan in city, but what have to admit is that the green coverage in city is fewer and feweri, heat island effect is serious day by day, large stretch of concrete floor is that ground and stratum are completely isolated, cement earth's surface is long-pending water problem easily, because Natural Water can not reclaim in time, and the water resource waste problem caused, and the soil below cement pavement easily hardens, the problem of alkalization all becomes the puzzlement in our living environment, the speed of worsening of environment all at any time in catalysis, how to alleviate the problem that heat island effect becomes current primary solution.
Previous technical scheme first spreads one deck yellow sand at paving one deck brick for adopting on existing ground, make Natural Water can reclaim by the gap infiltration of road floor is rear like this, add the rate of recovery of Natural Water, but yellow sand of long duration subsides and floor tile plane namely can be caused uneven, can not deal with problems at all.
Chinese patent CN 202164521 discloses a kind of three-dimensional porous permeable ecological floor framework, comprises aqueduct, air-conditioner pipe, underframe, added, upper cover; Described undercarriage frame is plugged on by macropore, mesopore the second shaft shoulder place that aqueduct, air-conditioner pipe basic courses department and changeover portion formed, added framework is plugged on by aperture the shaft shoulder place that aqueduct, air-conditioner pipe neck and interlude formed, and upper cover is inserted in the mouth of pipe place of aqueduct, air-conditioner pipe neck by flange.The ecological terrace that formation can breathe is organically combined by floor framework system and concrete, upper cover is removed after construction, the neck mouth of pipe of aqueduct and air-conditioner pipe is exposed on earth's surface, be the upper and lower convection current being formed through air and aqueous vapor of terrace, thus can surface temperature be reduced, link heat island effect, rainwater can be collected by earth's surface hole simultaneously, quick low digestion surface pond, Natural Water recharge effective recharge of groundwater position, slow down stratum decline.
But described floor framework is placed on macadam owing to executing man-hour requirement by technique scheme, thereafter on floor framework, concrete is filled with, due to bottom described floor framework by being plugged on multiple aqueduct in described undercarriage frame and air-conditioner pipe forms supporting plane, and workman needs to stand on the enterprising line operate of floor framework during fluid concrete, and now floor framework only has horizontal added, underframe and upper cover, and the effect of support column is served as by aqueduct and air-conditioner pipe, because the pressure be subject to may be uneven, aqueduct and air-conditioner pipe are very easily damaged, part frame is caused to lose efficacy, thus reduce the weight capacity on road surface, and multiple aqueduct is different with the degree of depth that air-conditioner pipe inserts macadam, easily cause the end face out-of-flatness of floor framework, upper strata layer of concrete after building is different for the parcel density of floor framework, thus causes the intensity on road surface uneven, holds flimsy problem, and the supporting plane formed due to multiple aqueduct and air-conditioner pipe not and macadam fix, when concreting, floor framework may float, and also can cause the end face out-of-flatness of floor framework.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of percolating water paving structure, to make the structure of water permeable pavement more stable, and strengthens water permeability and the water storage performance of water permeable pavement.
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of percolating water paving structure, the described pervious layer of macadam gradating layer under comprising pervious layer and being placed in pervious layer is by forming in permeable support concrete perfusion condensation, described permeable support comprise the water-permeable pipe of some hollow be arranged in parallel each other and permeability cell and for support described water-permeable pipe and described permeability cell by the crisscross latticed bracing frame be connected to form of multiple rod member, described water-permeable pipe and described permeability cell are vertically placed; Support frame as described above is vertically arranged, and the bottom of multiple described water-permeable pipe and/or described permeability cell is provided with collet.
One as technique scheme is improved, and wherein, support frame as described above is vertical and be divided into many rows, and many row's support frames as described above are laterally parallel to be arranged, and often to arrange support frame as described above be integral type structure.
One as technique scheme is improved, and wherein, often to arrange support frame as described above be by the described rod member of two horizontally sets and be overlapped in the grid-like framework that between described rod member the many rod members longitudinally arranged form.
One as technique scheme is improved, and wherein, on support frame as described above, corresponding each described water-permeable pipe or permeability cell are upper and lower respectively parallelly foldedly establishes sleeve pipe and the collar.
One as technique scheme is improved, wherein, the tube wall of described water-permeable pipe and/or described permeability cell is provided with can with the Access Division of described sleeve pipe and/or described collar clamping.
One as technique scheme is improved, and wherein, connects between described many row's bracing frames by string frame is auxiliary.
One as technique scheme is improved, wherein, and described water-permeable pipe or removably connect between described permeability cell and described collet.
One as technique scheme is improved, and wherein, described permeable support also comprises by can directly or indirectly by the upper orifice closedown of described water-permeable pipe and described permeability cell or the lid frame opened from the flange that arranges with it.
One as technique scheme is improved, and wherein, described percolating water paving structure also comprises the water conservation layer being arranged on below described pervious layer.
One as technique scheme is improved, and wherein, described water conservation layer passes through spaced some water storage balls as water storage parts.
By the present invention and prior art are contrasted, known the present invention by connect the water-permeable pipe of several hollows and permeability cell by the vertical bracing frame arranged and support in the permeable support of pervious layer, make permeable support can bear vertical pressure better, increase the overall weight capacity of permeable support; Connect collet at water-permeable pipe and/or permeability cell bottom simultaneously, when paved surface Rotating fields, collet can be embedded in macadam by permeable support, thus can not fluctuate when ensureing permeable support for laying water permeable pavement, ensure the planeness of surface layer structure end face, and increase the porosity of macadam, improve the water permeability of water permeable pavement, and then improve the stability of permeable supporting structure, increase the application life of the water permeable pavement formed after concrete perfusion on permeable support, and water conservation layer is set under pervious layer, increase the water storage performance of water permeable pavement further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for manual, is used from explanation the present invention, but is not construed as limiting the invention with detailed description of the invention one below.In the accompanying drawings:
The schematic diagram of a kind of percolating water paving structure that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The perspective view of the permeable support that Fig. 2 is the percolating water paving structure shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the plan structure schematic diagram of the permeable support shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the bracing frame of the permeable support shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the perspective view of the water-permeable pipe of the permeable support shown in Fig. 2;
The main TV structure schematic diagram that Fig. 6 is the water-permeable pipe shown in Fig. 5;
A part of partial structurtes enlarged diagram that Fig. 7 is the water-permeable pipe shown in Fig. 5;
Another part partial structurtes enlarged diagram that Fig. 8 is the water-permeable pipe shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 9 is the perspective view of the permeability cell of the permeable support shown in Fig. 2;
The main TV structure schematic diagram that Figure 10 is the permeability cell shown in Fig. 9;
A part of partial structurtes enlarged diagram that Figure 11 is the permeability cell shown in Fig. 9;
Another part partial structurtes enlarged diagram that Figure 12 is the permeability cell shown in Fig. 9;
Figure 13 is the partial structurtes enlarged diagram of the permeable support shown in Fig. 2;
The main TV structure schematic diagram that Figure 14 is the permeable support shown in Fig. 2;
The A-A directional profile structural representation that Figure 15 is the permeable support shown in Figure 14;
A part of partial structurtes enlarged diagram that Figure 16 is the permeable support shown in Figure 15;
Another part partial structurtes enlarged diagram that Figure 17 is the permeable support shown in Figure 15;
A kind of perspective view of going here and there frame that Figure 18 is the permeable support shown in Fig. 2;
Figure 19 is the perspective view of the another kind string frame of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 20 is for installing the perspective view of the string frame shown in Figure 19 in permeable support;
Figure 21 is the perspective view of the permeable bracket cover frame shown in Fig. 2 and Figure 20;
Figure 22 is the part-structure exploded perspective view of the permeable support shown in Figure 20;
Figure 23 is the perspective view of the permeable support collet shown in Fig. 2
The water conservation Rotating fields schematic diagram that Figure 24 is percolating water paving structure shown in Fig. 1;
Figure 25 is the structural representation of the water storage ball of the layer of water conservation shown in Figure 24.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, detailed description of the invention described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
In the present invention, when not doing contrary explanation, the noun of locality such as " transverse direction, longitudinal direction, top, bottom, front side, rear side etc. " of use typically refers to the direction as shown in Figure of description.
The invention provides a kind of percolating water paving structure, what arranged by inside can form the higher pervious layer of water permeability to the framework of water guide in subterranean layer, and in conjunction with the macadam gradating layer that its underpart is equipped with, make ground surface ponding can import underground fast, moisture is drawn by macadam neighbouring bottom water-permeable pipe and soil, thus also can be dredged further in the subterranean layer below it by of short duration storage, and underground air and ground surface circulative convection can be made, form natural the earth " air-conditioning system ".Thus make the Soil and air under water permeable pavement, aqueous phase fully contacts, and forms the underground wetlands ecosystems that microorganism is active, part ponding also can upwards evaporate for naturally reducing environment temperature, suppresses urban heat island to reduce air-conditioning power consumption, environmental protection simultaneously.
Refer to Fig. 1, percolating water paving structure of the present invention, comprise successively under upper: pervious layer 100, macadam gradating layer 200(and rubble, also can serve as reservoir bed), water conservation layer 400, grading of soil layer 300(and soil horizon).
Particularly, pervious layer 100 is formed by the condensation of concrete perfusion in permeable support A, and because permeable framework A is combined with concrete, permeable support A can serve as the load-bearing pedestal in pavement structure, effectively can solve road surface load-bearing problem, increases the application life in paving.Permeable support A is when making percolating water paving structure simultaneously, forms multiple permeable hole and air-vent on top layer, paving, and then pervious layer 100 has the effect that the humid air of moisture on the ground and underground is circulated mutually concurrently.
Refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of permeable support A provided by the invention comprises the water-permeable pipe 30 of several hollows that are parallel each other and that vertically arrange with permeability cell 40, for being connected and making the bracing frame 20 that water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 are vertically placed.Several water-permeable pipes 30 are connected the large-scale permeable support of rear formation with permeability cell 40 with bracing frame 20, after further concrete perfusion, be laid on covering of roadway upper strata and form some permeable holes and air-vent on top layer, paving, namely in covering of roadway structure as the permeable framework in basis of above-mentioned permeable surface layer.The overall structure of permeable support all can be made up of PP material, with while reaching better performance, reduces costs, and certain permeable support also can be made up of other plastic materials or metal.
Please also refer to Fig. 4, particularly, bracing frame 20 is vertically arranged in permeable support, the PP material that bracing frame 20 adopts combination property good is made, this bracing frame 20 is cross-linked to form fenestral fabric by multiple rod member arranged in length and breadth, and be provided with connecting portion in bracing frame 20, this connecting portion is used for being connected and fixed multiple water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40.
Support by arranging vertical bracing frame 20 and connect water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 in permeable support, thus effectively avoid permeable support in the past owing to only adopting water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 as the mode supported, and it is by horizontally disposed added, underframe is connected with upper cover for overall structure provides support power, and workman needs to stand on the enterprising line operate of permeable support when concrete perfusion, the vertical pressure be subject to due to the overall structure of permeable support may be uneven, thus easy excessive extruding force is caused to its partial structurtes downwards, make part water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40 damaged, or the added or underframe fracture failure of part for connecting, the present invention provides vertical support force by bracing frame 20, thus increase the weight capacity of permeable support for vertical pressure, increase its reliability of structure.
In permeable support in the present embodiment, in order to strengthen integrally-built stability, to provide stronger support force, bear vertical pressure better, bracing frame 20 is divided into many rows, and many row's bracing frames 20 are vertically arranged in permeable support with equidistant horizontal parallel mode, be preferably and every two distances of arranging between bracing frames 20 are arranged on about 10cm, and between many row's bracing frames 20, make it connect for water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 provide support connection function by arranging syndeton, many rows bracing frame 20 combines and makes permeable support can bear the framework of vertical pressure.
For simplifying structure, the saving material of permeable support, many the short member compositions vertically arranged between the rod member main body of often arranging bracing frame 20 be arranged in parallel by two transverse directions and the rod member being overlapped in this horizontally set, make to form grid-like framework 24 between every two short member vertically arranged.Further, for increasing the integrally-built intensity of bracing frame 20 and stability, in each grid-like framework 24, the crotch 25 of interlaced connection is provided with along its diagonal.
Certain the present invention does not limit for the form that specifically arranges of bracing frame 20, in other embodiments, the rod member that often row's bracing frame 20 can also adopt upper and lower two transverse directions to be arranged in parallel will be organized connecting portion serial connection more and the mode that above-mentioned two parallel bars vertically connect be arranged by a quarter butt between every two connecting portions; Often arrange bracing frame 20 can also be set to directly be formed organizing connecting portion serial connection by multiple crotch 25 more.
Because it is all independent setting that vertical bracing frame 20 is often arranged, do not need to need to adopt overall structure to make as bracing frame horizontally disposed in prior art, to arrange connecting portion to be connected with permeability cell water-permeable pipe in framework, therefore vertical bracing frame 20 can arrange narrower vertical width, effectively can reduce the loss to material.
For connecting water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40 and support, above-mentioned connecting portion be arranged on bracing frame 20 every two grid-like frameworks 24 between the collar 22 and the collar 23, the external diameter of the corresponding water-permeable pipe 30 of internal diameter size of the collar 22 is arranged, for being removably connected and fixed multiple water-permeable pipe 30; And the external diameter of the corresponding permeability cell 40 of the internal diameter size of the collar 23 is arranged, for being removably connected and fixed permeability cell 40.Certainly, sleeve pipe 22 and sleeve pipe 23 can be arranged on the vertical arbitrary height position of bracing frame 20, to be connected cooperation with the top of water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40, middle part or bottom.
Be fixed by the collar 22, the collar 23 are removably connected with water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 respectively, make the structure of permeable support simple, stable connection, and can control flexibly, can the permeable support of grafting at the construction field (site), avoid integrally-built permeable support easily to damage in transportation, and save space in transit, increase work efficiency.
Further, shown in Fig. 4, connect more firm to make bracing frame 20 pairs of water-permeable pipes 30 or permeability cell 40, water-permeable pipe 30 and the top tube wall of permeability cell 40 can be set to diameter identical, between every two grid-like frameworks 24 of bracing frame 20 respectively upper and lower parallel folded establish sleeve pipe 21 and the collar 22 pairs of water-permeable pipes 30 to be connected to support or fold establish sleeve pipe 21 and the collar 23 pairs of permeability cells 40 to be connected support.Sleeve pipe 21 has forge piece of step type structure, and its upper part bore is less, and closes by stopper or other parts that can carry out sealing, and its underpart bore is comparatively large, coordinates with top (i.e. top) grafting of water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40.
The upper part bore less lower part bore of sleeve pipe 21 is more greatly that water-permeable pipe 30 in order to ensure to be connected to its underpart and permeability cell 40 body can have larger bore, thus ensure the permeable amount of permeable support, strengthen the soil in below the water permeable ability of covering of roadway and paving and air circulation convection current ability on the ground; Sleeve pipe 21 also can ensure that permeable support can form less permeable mouth on the surface of water permeable pavement simultaneously, avoids entering the foreign material such as stone by saturating nozzle blocking, thus affects the permeable effect of permeable surface layer.
Adopt the mode be simultaneously connected with water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 upper and lower by bracing frame 20, make water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 by firm support, thus the integrally-built intensity of permeable support can be strengthened; And by unified for the top of water-permeable pipe 30 and the permeability cell 40 permeable support being connected with sleeve pipe 21 and then forming when being applied in permeable surface layer, make the end face of permeable support can be concordant, avoid the end face top mouth of pipe of water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 directly being formed permeable support, because multiple water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40 are poured into a mould or have error, cause the end face of permeable support can be uneven, and then affect the planeness of the permeable surface layer be made up of this permeable support.
To above-mentioned sleeve pipe 21 and the collar 22,23, the set-up mode on bracing frame 20 does not limit in the present invention, can be integral type structure with bracing frame 20, also can be connected by other clamping forms with between bracing frame 20; And on the leading flank that sleeve pipe 21 and the collar 22,23 can also be arranged on bracing frame 20 or trailing flank, or be arranged on the crosspoint place of crotch 25.
Refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, water-permeable pipe 30 is the body of hollow, for realizing the water on water permeable pavement top layer to import in the soil horizon in below paving for permeable support, for being connected with above-mentioned bracing frame 20, water-permeable pipe 30 body is divided into the different two parts of caliber, the caliber size of the sleeve pipe 21 of the corresponding bracing frame 20 of tube wall diameter on top 31 is arranged, and top 31 tube wall diameter is less than the tube wall diameter be connected under it, so that water-permeable pipe 30 coordinated with sleeve pipe 21 grafting by top 31 while the tube wall diameter of its underpart can ensure to provide enough permeable spaces, avoid the water permeability of the permeable support of the less impact of tube wall diameter.
Further, please also refer to Fig. 7, Figure 13 and Figure 16, in order to make the top 31 of water-permeable pipe 30 with between sleeve pipe 21 more securely grafting coordinate, water-permeable pipe 30 and the tube wall place of the contact of sleeve pipe 21 are provided with at least one convex stupefied 311, because the water-permeable pipe 30 of plastic material itself has elasticity, so this convex stupefied 311 can at water-permeable pipe 30 and the convex inwall being butted on sleeve pipe 21 during sleeve pipe 21 grafting, thus the connection increased between tight water-permeable pipe 30 and sleeve pipe 21, thus it is more firm that the overall structure of permeable support is connected.
Please also refer to Fig. 8, Figure 13 and Figure 16, on the tube wall at water-permeable pipe 30 bottom 33 place, the collar 22 lower limb integral type of corresponding bracing frame 20 is also provided with Access Division, diagram Access Division is limiting section 333, the mode that hot melt wherein can be adopted to cut arranges limiting section 333 on the tube wall of water-permeable pipe 30, tube wall after being cut by hot melt is formed one concave surface 332, limiting section 333 can be as shown be the angle rib that a bit of angle rib also can be a whole circle.The mode adopting this hot melt to cut arranges limiting section 333, because itself and water-permeable pipe 30 is integral type structure while saving material, can clamping firm.Limiting section 333 is after water-permeable pipe 30 with bracing frame 20 grafting, fasten the lower edge at the collar 22, for carrying out spacing to the collar 22, the structure of the permeable support further after firm combination, in the permeable support preventing grafting good, bracing frame 20 is due to the downward slippage of Action of Gravity Field of self, and affects the structural strength of permeable support.When the vertical width of bracing frame 20 is narrower, limiting section 333 can be arranged on the tube wall at middle part 32 place of water-permeable pipe 30.
Further, the middle part of water-permeable pipe 30 or the tube wall of lower position coordinate limiting section 333 to be provided with stopper section 34, diagram, stopper section 34 is located at the angle rib on water-permeable pipe 30 tube wall for ring, and the angle rib that stopper section 34 can as shown be a whole circle also can be a bit of angle rib.Because water-permeable pipe 30 and the collar 22 all have elasticity as plastic material, therefore when water-permeable pipe 30 coordinates with bracing frame 20 grafting, stopper section 34 can with water-permeable pipe 30 in the lump through the internal diameter of the collar 22, backstop is in the upper edge of the collar 22, for carrying out spacing further to water-permeable pipe 30, water-permeable pipe 30 in the permeable support preventing grafting good, due to the downward slippage of gravity, affects the overall construction intensity of permeable support.By arranging limiting section 333 and stopper section 34 simultaneously, water-permeable pipe 30 can be fixed by inlay card completely on bracing frame 20, prevent slippage or connecting staggered between water-permeable pipe 30 and bracing frame 20, make the connection between bracing frame 20 and water-permeable pipe 30 more firm, ensure the overall construction intensity of permeable support.
Three sections of tube walls of water-permeable pipe 30 can be arranged with identical wall thickness, also can according to the not same-action of each section, carry out different wall thickness to arrange, such as can do to thicken to the tube wall of bottom 33 separately and arrange, after water-permeable pipe 30 is connected with bracing frame 20, multiple bottom 33 for while permeable support provides firm support effect, can be saved material, reduces costs.
Refer to Fig. 9, Figure 10, permeability cell 40 is the body of hollow, for ensureing its permeation functions and being connected with above-mentioned bracing frame 20, permeability cell 40 body is divided into three different parts of caliber, the caliber size of the sleeve pipe 21 of the corresponding bracing frame 20 of tube wall diameter on top 41 is arranged, the diameter of middle part 42 tube walls is slightly larger than the diameter on top 41, and the size at top 41 and middle part 42 and structure can be identical with above-mentioned water-permeable pipe 30.But 43, permeability cell 40 bottom is greater than the diameter at middle part 42, permeability cell 40 is set to up-narrow and down-wide shape to present stack effect, thus the soil horizon realizing below water permeable pavement upwards can discharge steam fast, make permeable support can realize the air circulation effect of more than the soil horizon of underground and covering of roadway.Also by above-mentioned water-permeable pipe 30 and the same vibrational power flow of permeability cell 40, also object of the present invention can be reached, because permeability cell 40 also can have permeable effect concurrently while realizing gas circulation in certain the present invention.
Further, please also refer to Figure 11, Figure 13 and Figure 17, in order to make the top 41 of permeability cell 40 with between sleeve pipe 21 more securely grafting coordinate, permeability cell 40 and the tube wall place of the contact of sleeve pipe 21 are provided with at least one convex stupefied 411, convex stupefied 311 identical with on above-mentioned water-permeable pipe 30 of the form that arranges of convex stupefied 411, therefore no longer repeated.
Please also refer to Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 17, on the tube wall at permeability cell 40 bottom 43 place, the collar 23 lower limb integral type of corresponding bracing frame 20 is provided with limiting section 433, limiting section 433 is for preventing the downward slippage of permeability cell, connection between firm permeability cell 40 and bracing frame 20, and the form that arranges of limiting section 433 is identical with the limiting section 333 of above-mentioned water-permeable pipe 30, therefore is no longer repeated.
Refer to Figure 15, Figure 16, the front view of permeable support and the sectional view in A-A direction, often arrange interval connection on bracing frame 20 and water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 are set, make permeable support have good permeable and permeability concurrently simultaneously.Multiple water-permeable pipes 30 that above-mentioned often row bracing frame 20 can certainly be connected with on it and permeability cell 40 are arranged to integral structure, the setting of Access Division and sleeve pipe and the collar can be omitted, do not affect bracing frame in the present invention equally and the effect of realization is vertically set.Certainly between many row's bracing frames 20, horizontal shore of the prior art can also be set, provide the pulling force between horizontal direction to many row's vertical supporting framves 20, and increase the bulk strength of permeable support.
For giving the attachment force providing horizontal direction between many row's bracing frames 20, also by arranging syndeton on the main framework (connecting rod namely laterally and vertically arranged) of bracing frame 20 between many rows bracing frame 20, direct connection, can also be assisted by string frame 50 and connect between the branched support 20 of lock.Specifically please also refer to Figure 18, string frame 50 provided by the invention, comprise main body boom 53, and the external diameter spaced interface arrangment respectively of the file water-permeable pipe 30 that on main body connecting rod 53, corresponding many row's bracing frames 20 connect and permeability cell 40: buckle 51 and buckle 52, to be fastened on from the side respectively on the tube wall of water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 by buckle 51 and buckle 52, indirectly longitudinal connection is carried out to many row's bracing frames 20.String frame 50 can certainly be connected to the water-permeable pipe 30 of files all in permeable support with permeability cell 40, to make the connection of permeable support more firm, strengthen vertical weight capacity.Structure and the installation process of string frame 50 are simple, can improve the efficiency of assembling of permeable support while saving material.
Refer to Figure 19, the another kind string frame 70 that the present embodiment provides, string frame 70 comprises the interface arrangment that external diameter that correspondence is connected to a file water-permeable pipe 30 on bracing frame 20 and permeability cell 40 is arranged respectively: snap ring 71 and snap ring 72, and the quarter butt 73 for multiple snap ring 71 and snap ring 72 being connected in series.Please also refer to Figure 20, by the schematic diagram that string frame 70 and above-mentioned bracing frame 20 and water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 are connected, string frame 70 is provide longitudinal attachment force to the file water-permeable pipe 30 on bracing frame 20 and permeability cell 40 from the side equally, and then for arranging the longitudinal pulling force providing level between bracing frame 20 more.Because the snap ring of string frame 70 contacts with the face that water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 form whole circle, the pulling force of its stronger horizontal direction that can provide, makes permeable supporting structure more firm, strengthens vertical weight capacity.
Refer to Figure 21, a kind of lid frame 10 of permeable support provided by the invention, after permeable holder combination is formed, to removably connect lid frame 10 at the end face of permeable support.Please also refer to Figure 22, the explosive view of the part-structure of permeable support provided by the invention, diagram, lid frame 10 is cross-linked formation by some vertical poles 12 and cross bar 13, for improving covering of roadway efficiency of construction, on the bottom surface of lid frame 10, corresponding multiple water-permeable pipes 30 of below and the upper end mouth of pipe of permeability cell 40 are provided with some flanges 11 in length and breadth.And be preferably by multiple vertical pole 12 and cross bar 13 be cross-linked a multiple water-permeable pipe 30 of corresponding respectively below and permeability cell 40 position is arranged, multiple flange 11 can be arranged on this and be cross-linked a little.
After the often row bracing frame 20 of permeable support has been connected with the water-permeable pipe 30 on it and permeability cell 40, by the bottom upwards grafting from water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 of multiple string frame 50 or string frame 70, finally multiple flanges 11 correspondence on lid frame 10 is filled in the top mouth of pipe of all water-permeable pipes 30 and permeability cell 40, so that all mouths of pipe of permeable cradle top surface are closed, during to prevent from being in the milk in permeable support during laying road paving its water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 block by concrete mortar.When multiple flange 11 inserts after in the mouth of pipe of water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 respectively, above-mentioned lid frame 10 can also for arranging the attachment force providing level longitudinal direction between bracing frame 20 more, namely the auxiliary connecting structure that other are set separately is not needed to carry out longitudinal connection to many row's bracing frames 20, entirety can be combined into by arranging bracing frame 20 more, structure is simple, and it is convenient to install.
Also can not adopt in certain the present invention and at above-mentioned lid frame 10 flange 11 pairs of water-permeable pipes 30 are set and permeability cell 40 is closed, also can be closed by other cock body forms by the upper end mouth of pipe of water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 in advance, the permeable support of composition still has and prevents concrete from will flow into the effect blocked by its internal diameter in water-permeable pipe or permeability cell.Such as by arranging screen pack at the mouth of pipe place, upper end of above-mentioned water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40, and add a film-type upper cover when road surface pavement thereon the space that screen pack is formed is closed, not only can prevent water-permeable pipe or permeability cell blocked, also have concurrently and prevent impurity gravel etc. to be imported in water-permeable pipe or permeability cell with moisture; Certainly can also be blocked the mouth of pipe of water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 in advance by foamable element, be drilled through in the pipe of water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40 again in subsequent step.
Further, refer to Figure 23, for strengthening the combination property of permeable support of the present invention, collet 60 is also provided with in permeable support, as shown in figure 13, collet 60 is removably connected to the bottom of above-mentioned water-permeable pipe 30 and/or permeability cell 40, and it comprises Plug Division 61 and bottom surface 63.
Plug Division 61 is the sleeve pipe of projection on bottom surface 63, the bottom diameter of corresponding above-mentioned water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40 is arranged, by the medial surface of collet 60 or lateral surface and water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40 bottom grafting and interference fits, make the hole portion of cannula-like Plug Division 61 and water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40 through, after plugging together be connected by the Plug Division 61 of collet 60 and above-mentioned water-permeable pipe 30 or above-mentioned permeability cell 40 type of attachment of water-permeable pipe 30 (the not shown collet 60 with), be installed on the bottom surface of permeable support A as shown in Figure 2 by multiple collet 60, multiple water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40 bottom is made to form a circle chimb.
Further, the tube wall of tube wall respectively in this Plug Division 61 and water-permeable pipe or permeability cell can also arrange card and structure at correspondence, to strengthen the stable connection between them, certain the present invention does not limit for removably connecting between collet 60 and water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40, also can be realized by other structures in other embodiments, such as bolt connects or pin connects or is connected etc. by arranging other elastomeric elements on collet 60.
By arranging collet 60, in laying pervious layer 100 process, collet 60 can be embedded in the macadam gradating 200 below it by permeable support A, namely by the rubble in macadam, the bottom surface 63 of collet 60 is covered compacting, and then when to permeable support A concrete perfusion, permeable support A can not float because of its lighter weight, thus ensure the planarization on water permeable pavement top layer, also enhance the tight ness rating be connected between pervious layer 100 and the grating layer below it, and then can effectively avoid occurring " tomography " phenomenon between whole covering of roadway.
Diagram, further, collet 60 also comprises by edge, bottom surface 63 side 62 extended upward, accommodation space 64 is formed between bottom surface 63 and side 62, when permeable support A is placed on after on macadam 200, collet 60 is still by gravel mulch, but due to the setting of side 62, make still to exist in accommodation space 64 to deposit thing space, and then by the accommodation space 64 of collet 60, the excess moisture imported to by water-permeable pipe 30 in pervious layer less than 100 grating layer is stored, the moisture part be stored can be evaporated for naturally reducing environment temperature, suppress urban heat island to reduce air-conditioning power consumption simultaneously, environmental protection, form the micro-wetland system of Urban Underground, ecosystem revivification, another part is undertaken dredging and purifying by arranging pipeline in grating layer, and then recycles, and solves urban water use difficulty.
For strengthening the constant intensity of collet 60, Plug Division 61 can be carried out separately thickenings and arranging, make the connection between collet 60 and water-permeable pipe 30 or permeability cell 40 more reliable, and do for local and thicken setting, material reduction cost of production can be saved.And further, as shown in the figure, can also set up on the bottom surface 63 of collet 60 and add a strong muscle, strengthen the bulk strength of collet 60, avoiding it because of the rubble laid, by crushing, affects the surface finish of pervious layer 100.
Further, often arrange bracing frame 20 can make needs horizontal length according to the needs in real road paving, also can by arranging fixing horizontal length, thus bracing frame 20 is made modular form, again multiple bracing frame 20 is combined with multiple water-permeable pipe 30 and permeability cell 40, permeable support entirety is made to form standard cell architecture, when being applied in pervious layer 100, be convenient to the area of pervious layer 100 as required by the mode connected between multiple permeable support is formed wide large-area permeable support.
Permeable support after installation can be placed in covering of roadway and construct above the macadam gradating layer that lays in advance, and collet 60 is embedded in after in macadam gradating layer, concrete perfusion in permeable support, finally, after concrete setting, above-mentioned lid frame 10 is started, expose the permeable hole (being preferably set to 100/square metre) that top layer, paving is formed by some aqueducts 30 of permeable support and permeability cell 40, rainwater, namely air forms natural convection by permeable support and pervious layer less than 100 grating layer, and then activation stratum soil, educate microorganism again, formation can purify water layer, the micro-Wetland ecological system in underground of decomposing pollutant, by the impurity in air as air-conditioning, pollutants etc. are absorbed into underground, cold (heat) air of underground is derived earth's surface, complete air circulation.
Also comprise water conservation layer in percolating water paving structure provided by the invention, please also refer to Figure 24, water conservation layer 400 comprises water conservation layer matrix and some water storage parts be arranged on alternate form in this water conservation layer matrix.The moisture on water permeable pavement top layer is dredged in water conservation layer 400 by above-mentioned pervious layer 100, and portion of water is stored in water conservation layer matrix and these water storage parts, and then also can filter moisture; Moisture in water conservation layer matrix can continue by space wherein to enter in the soil horizon 300 of its underpart, slowly permeable subterranean soil horizon 300, activating soil, or enters in the reservoir of underground setting.
Particularly, when being arranged in macadam by this water conservation layer 400, water conservation layer matrix of the present invention is then rubble; Water storage parts are water storage ball 80, please also refer to Figure 25, water storage ball 80 adopts the PP material of high-quality to make, quality is light, toughness is comparatively strong, has good crushing resistance, and guaranteeing that it is arranged on can not be damaged because of extruding in rubble, certainly, water storage ball also can be made via other metals or non-metallic material.Water storage ball 80 offers multiple water through permeable hole 81, and wherein uniformly in the border of water storage ball 80 can arrange permeable hole 81, this permeable hole 81 not only can be used for moisture to pass through, and upwards can also discharge for the humid air in soil horizon 300 and macadam 200.And every square metre arranges at least ten pieces of described water storage balls 80 in water conservation layer matrix, the porosity that both can effectively increase between rubble does not affect the structural strength of macadam simultaneously.Then when moisture enters after in water conservation layer 400, temporarily can be stored in the gap of rubble formation, and water storage ball 80 can be entered into by this permeable hole 81, to store.
Due to the storing water performance of water storage ball 80 itself, the permeable amount of whole water permeable pavement can be made to increase, rainwater can be stored rapidly, effectively alleviate the pressure that instantaneous concentrated rainfall causes water permeable pavement; Avoid because the gap of macadam 200 itself is less, can water-holding quantity limited.And water storage ball 80 is because its hollow is arranged, not only can short time a large amount of water, can also all penetrate into after in the soil horizon 300 of below by the moisture in macadam 200, the moisture of its storage inside is sucked out successively, profit is carried out to soil, to prevent in pavement structure in the past soil horizon 300 because can not supply in time after water loss, cause soil easily to harden, alkalize, therefore can impact the ecological environment of underground.
And in the past in order to make water permeable pavement have good water permeability, the porosity of macadam 200 need be ensured, macadam 200 often selects ballast grain sizes to be 3 ~ 5cm, but because the rubble of this particle diameter need carry out multiple times of filtration screening, while adding cost of production, because particle diameter can impact the planeness of other surface layers be laid on macadam 300 comparatively greatly undoubtedly.And after water conservation layer 400 is set, it effectively can increase the porosity between water conservation layer 400 medium stone material (i.e. macadam 200) by the mode that interval in crushed stone material arranges water storage ball 80, and the diameter of water storage ball 80 is preferably set to 1/4 to 1/5 of water conservation layer 400 thickness, while keeping porosity, ensure that to make water storage ball 80 the paving planeness of macadam 200 is not affected.Therefore when water storage ball 80 ensures that porosity is low, select the crushed stone material of 1 ~ 3cm particle diameter can ensure larger water yield, effectively can reduce the choice requirement for macadam 200 medium stone material, and because ballast grain sizes elects 1 ~ 3cm as by disposable screening, greatly reduce cost.
The shape of certain the present invention to water storage parts does not limit, in other embodiments, water storage parts can also be the block structure of hollow, or the hollow containment structures of other shapes, as long as may be used for water storage and can increase the space between crushed stone material in crushed stone material.And if when this water conservation layer 400 is arranged in soil horizon 300, this water conservation layer matrix is then soil, and can, at described water storage parts outer setting filtration, avoid impurity gravel to enter in these water storage parts.
Further, also absorbent material is provided with in above-mentioned water storage parts, this absorbent material can increase the moisture storage capacity of water storage parts, the moisture president of its inside stays for a long time and deposits, after the moisture in water conservation layer 400 rubble gap is dredged out gradually, water storage parts are because have absorbent material, and the moisture of its absorbed inside can slowly be sucked out, while increasing the storage capacity of water storage parts, in the further long period, avoid soil plate.
Further, discharge structure 90 is also provided with in described water conservation layer 400, this discharge structure 90 is gutter, band drain or pottery gravel, can also relative set guiding gutter or aqueduct below this discharge structure 90, the moisture dredged by discharge structure 90 is pooled to reservoir or other can concentrate water part.And can adopt stage manner that canvas cloth is set below above-mentioned discharge structure 90, running into when raining heavyly to make water permeable pavement, the moisture of a part infiltrates in soil horizon 300 by spacer rapidly, another part moisture by the throttling of canvas cloth section, and is collected in reservoir or other water collecting equipments by discharge structure 90.Certainly nonwoven layer or glass layer can also being adopted as filtration beds above above-mentioned discharge structure 90, to filter the water source collected, preparing for again utilizing.
During the above-mentioned percolating water paving structure of pre-laying, first its via associated machines by after being flattened at the bottom of road, the canvas cloth (visual specific waypoint and determine that whether canvas cloth is laid) of leading layer overlay at the bottom of road, and on waterproof layer of cloth, cover upper grading of soil layer, macadam gradating layer is laid afterwards on grading of soil layer, and water conservation layer is laid in macadam gradating layer, be placed in this macadam gradating layer by some water storage ball intervals; By above-mentioned permeable between form complete after, be positioned on macadam gradating layer, directly carry out the perfusion of concrete mortar, after also can adding reinforcement bar in permeable support space, carrying out filling concrete.
Below the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings; but; the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention illustrates no longer separately to various possible combination.
In addition, also can be combined between various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (10)
1. a percolating water paving structure, macadam gradating layer (200) described pervious layer (100) under comprising pervious layer (100) and being placed in pervious layer (100) is by forming in the condensation of permeable support (A) concrete perfusion, described permeable support (A) comprise the water-permeable pipe (30) of some hollow be arranged in parallel each other and permeability cell (40) and for support described water-permeable pipe (30) and described permeability cell (40) by the crisscross latticed bracing frame (20) be connected to form of multiple rod member, described water-permeable pipe (30) and described permeability cell (40) are vertically placed, it is characterized in that, support frame as described above (20) is vertically arranged, and the bottom of multiple described water-permeable pipes (30) and/or described permeability cell (40) is provided with collet (60).
2. a kind of percolating water paving structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, support frame as described above (20) is vertical and be divided into many rows, arranges that support frame as described above (20) is laterally parallel to be arranged more, and often arranges support frame as described above (20) for integral type structure.
3. a kind of percolating water paving structure according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, often to arrange support frame as described above (20) be by the described rod member of two horizontally sets and be overlapped in the grid-like framework (24) that between described rod member the many rod members longitudinally arranged form.
4. a kind of percolating water paving structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the upper corresponding each described water-permeable pipe (30) of support frame as described above (20) or permeability cell (40) respectively upper and lower parallel folding establish sleeve pipe (21) and the collar (22,23).
5. a kind of percolating water paving structure according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the tube wall of described water-permeable pipe (30) and/or described permeability cell (40) is provided with can with the Access Division of described sleeve pipe (21) and/or the described collar (22,23) clamping.
6. a kind of percolating water paving structure according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described arrange between bracing frame (20) connects by string frame (50,70) is auxiliary more.
7. a kind of percolating water paving structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described water-permeable pipe (30) or removably connect between described permeability cell (40) and described collet (60).
8. a kind of percolating water paving structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described permeable support (A) also comprises by can directly or indirectly by the upper orifice closedown of described water-permeable pipe (30) and described permeability cell (40) or the lid frame (10) opened from the flange that arranges with it.
9. a kind of percolating water paving structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described percolating water paving structure also comprises and is arranged on described pervious layer (100) water conservation layer (400) below.
10. a kind of percolating water paving structure according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described water conservation layer (400) by spaced some water storage balls (80) as water storage parts.
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| CN105706559A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-29 | 南开大学 | Ground system combining ecological retention and vegetable swale |
| CN106351103A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-01-25 | 苏谦 | Permeable pavement structure with high strength and high permeability and paving method thereof |
| CN110820473A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-21 | 宝锐企业有限公司 | Rapid diffusion water-permeable drainage pavement structure with network communication |
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